Mohar Singh, A. Pawde, K. E, K. Sharun, Surendra D. S., Atal Kumar, Reena Mukherjee, K. P. Singh, Amarpal .
: Xenografts are considered as an alternative strategy to restore a critical sized bone defect. The present study was conducted to standardize the technique for seeding and cryopreservation of decellularized bubaline cancellous bone with Guinea pig fetal osteoblast for the development of a composite bone xenograft. The composite bone grafts were prepared by seeding the expanded osteoblasts on the acellular bubaline cancellous bone matrix. The foetal osteoblast seeded scaffold, acellular bone scaffold, and native bovine bone were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological examination. Composite bone xenograft was cryopreserved in 10% glycerol at - 80°C for three months and evaluated for post-thaw viability. Findings from the in vitro study suggested that the seeding of acellular scaffold was adequate, and osteoblasts had good adhesion and proliferation inside pores of acellular bone matrix. Histologically the integrity of collagen matrix was best preserved in the acellular group as compared to the freshly seeded and cryopreserved scaffold. The osteoblast seeded decellularized bubaline cancellous bone xenografts can be preserved for three months with adequate cell viability in the post-thaw evaluation at – 80°C in sterile tubes containing 10% glycerol as the cryoprotectant.
{"title":"Development of composite bubaline cancellous bone xenografts by seeding guinea pig fetal osteoblasts","authors":"Mohar Singh, A. Pawde, K. E, K. Sharun, Surendra D. S., Atal Kumar, Reena Mukherjee, K. P. Singh, Amarpal .","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.8-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.8-17","url":null,"abstract":": Xenografts are considered as an alternative strategy to restore a critical sized bone defect. The present study was conducted to standardize the technique for seeding and cryopreservation of decellularized bubaline cancellous bone with Guinea pig fetal osteoblast for the development of a composite bone xenograft. The composite bone grafts were prepared by seeding the expanded osteoblasts on the acellular bubaline cancellous bone matrix. The foetal osteoblast seeded scaffold, acellular bone scaffold, and native bovine bone were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological examination. Composite bone xenograft was cryopreserved in 10% glycerol at - 80°C for three months and evaluated for post-thaw viability. Findings from the in vitro study suggested that the seeding of acellular scaffold was adequate, and osteoblasts had good adhesion and proliferation inside pores of acellular bone matrix. Histologically the integrity of collagen matrix was best preserved in the acellular group as compared to the freshly seeded and cryopreserved scaffold. The osteoblast seeded decellularized bubaline cancellous bone xenografts can be preserved for three months with adequate cell viability in the post-thaw evaluation at – 80°C in sterile tubes containing 10% glycerol as the cryoprotectant.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47992121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.24-32
A. Hassan, D. Iskander, N. H. Oraby
: Synergistic and single antimicrobial activities of green synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and rosemary oil were investigated against predominant causes of respiratory diseases in cattle as Aspergillus fumigatus and Klebsiella pneumoniae . The prevalence rates of A. fumigatus were 14.28%, 12%, and 32% in the nasal swab, drinking water, and animal ration, respectively. While, Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from examined nasal swabs, water, and rations at the rates of 17.4%, 0%, and 8%, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Se-NPs was 0.4 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml against A. fumigatus and Kl. pneumoniae , respectively. On the other hand, the inhibitory concentration of Rosemary against A. fumigatus and Kl. pneumoniae was 0.75 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml, respectively. The synergistic therapy of SeNPs dispersed with Rosemary oil reduced the MIC of SeNPs against A. fumigatus and Kl. pneumoniae was 0.1mg/ml and hence can be used as alternatives to their single forms in successful disease therapy. Moreover, these synergisms are essential to overcome the microbial resistance against the traditional antibiotics and decrease the concentrations used of nanoparticles to avoid their toxicity for
{"title":"Evaluation of the synergistic antimicrobial activities of selenium nanoparticles and Rosemary oil against Aspergillus fumigatu and Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from respiratory infection in cattle in Giza governorate, Egypt","authors":"A. Hassan, D. Iskander, N. H. Oraby","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.24-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.24-32","url":null,"abstract":": Synergistic and single antimicrobial activities of green synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and rosemary oil were investigated against predominant causes of respiratory diseases in cattle as Aspergillus fumigatus and Klebsiella pneumoniae . The prevalence rates of A. fumigatus were 14.28%, 12%, and 32% in the nasal swab, drinking water, and animal ration, respectively. While, Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from examined nasal swabs, water, and rations at the rates of 17.4%, 0%, and 8%, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Se-NPs was 0.4 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml against A. fumigatus and Kl. pneumoniae , respectively. On the other hand, the inhibitory concentration of Rosemary against A. fumigatus and Kl. pneumoniae was 0.75 mg/ml and 1.0 mg/ml, respectively. The synergistic therapy of SeNPs dispersed with Rosemary oil reduced the MIC of SeNPs against A. fumigatus and Kl. pneumoniae was 0.1mg/ml and hence can be used as alternatives to their single forms in successful disease therapy. Moreover, these synergisms are essential to overcome the microbial resistance against the traditional antibiotics and decrease the concentrations used of nanoparticles to avoid their toxicity for","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43542126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: In contemporary research, funding is generally targeted toward assured and high business returns. In this business approach, studies for possible negative or side effects, especially the long-term use effects of the technologies and products are neglected or overlooked. Ample evidence related to the development of serious detrimental outcomes of many such improperly studied technologies before their widespread use is available in different aspects of the life of animals and plants, and on the overall environment of our planet. A few such examples of serious impacts on human health and the environment are cited in the article along with a brief discussion of the potentially risky application of such one-eyed research-derived technologies.
{"title":"Research targeting business profits: impacts on health and environment","authors":"S. Pattanayak","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.1-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.1-7","url":null,"abstract":": In contemporary research, funding is generally targeted toward assured and high business returns. In this business approach, studies for possible negative or side effects, especially the long-term use effects of the technologies and products are neglected or overlooked. Ample evidence related to the development of serious detrimental outcomes of many such improperly studied technologies before their widespread use is available in different aspects of the life of animals and plants, and on the overall environment of our planet. A few such examples of serious impacts on human health and the environment are cited in the article along with a brief discussion of the potentially risky application of such one-eyed research-derived technologies.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43573697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.18-23
Bhaktipada Barman, D. K. Bera, Subhasis Jana, Anindita Rakshit
: Lymphatic filariasis, thought to be a neglected tropical disease (NTD) globally, is caused by microscopic, thread-like nematodes. The present study was conducted to identify the microorganisms in the ulcerative wounds of filarial elephantiasis. A total of 100 samples were collected and studied from the patients attended on Filaria OPD, School of Tropical medicine, Kolkata, India. Staphylococcus aureus (46.67%) was identified as the predominant organism among the different aerobic bacteria present in the ulcer, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella sp., Enterococcus sp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacter sp.
{"title":"Prevalence of aerobic bacteria causing wound infection in patients with filarial elephantiasis in a tertiary care hospital of Kolkata, India","authors":"Bhaktipada Barman, D. K. Bera, Subhasis Jana, Anindita Rakshit","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.18-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.18-23","url":null,"abstract":": Lymphatic filariasis, thought to be a neglected tropical disease (NTD) globally, is caused by microscopic, thread-like nematodes. The present study was conducted to identify the microorganisms in the ulcerative wounds of filarial elephantiasis. A total of 100 samples were collected and studied from the patients attended on Filaria OPD, School of Tropical medicine, Kolkata, India. Staphylococcus aureus (46.67%) was identified as the predominant organism among the different aerobic bacteria present in the ulcer, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella sp., Enterococcus sp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacter sp.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46137916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.74-84
A. Patel, Hital Shah, T. Gandhi
: The present study was planned to know the effect of saponin-rich extract of Bauhinia variegata Linn. (SREBV) in an ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis model. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of SREBV revealed presence of bbbbb -sitosterol, stigmasterol and lupeol. Administration of ethylene glycol (0.75% v/v in distilled water) to male Wistar rats for 28 days successfully induced urolithiasis with hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria as well as an increased renal excretion of uric acid and inorganic phosphate. Supplementation with SREBV significantly decreased these levels of stone promotor via diuresis and increased levels of stone inhibitor like magnesium. There was a significant reduction in creatinine, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen in rats administered with SREBV. Moreover, reno-protective effect is evident by decreased deposits of calcium-oxalate crystals in the kidney tissue of SREBV treated rats. The antilithiatic activity of SREBV is also supported by its radical scavenging activity portrayed in DPPH assay in-vitro as well as alleviation in lipid peroxidation and improvement in antioxidant enzyme levels in-vivo . With this study, it was clinched that the SREBV supplementation safeguarded EG-induced urolithiasis as it abbreviated the growth of urinary stones. The mechanisms attributing to this effect might be due to its antioxidant, diuretic, nephroprotective and curbing in stone-forming constituents.
{"title":"Saponin rich fraction of Bauhinia variegata Linn. ameliorates kidney stone formation in rats","authors":"A. Patel, Hital Shah, T. Gandhi","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.74-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.74-84","url":null,"abstract":": The present study was planned to know the effect of saponin-rich extract of Bauhinia variegata Linn. (SREBV) in an ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis model. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of SREBV revealed presence of bbbbb -sitosterol, stigmasterol and lupeol. Administration of ethylene glycol (0.75% v/v in distilled water) to male Wistar rats for 28 days successfully induced urolithiasis with hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria as well as an increased renal excretion of uric acid and inorganic phosphate. Supplementation with SREBV significantly decreased these levels of stone promotor via diuresis and increased levels of stone inhibitor like magnesium. There was a significant reduction in creatinine, uric acid, and blood urea nitrogen in rats administered with SREBV. Moreover, reno-protective effect is evident by decreased deposits of calcium-oxalate crystals in the kidney tissue of SREBV treated rats. The antilithiatic activity of SREBV is also supported by its radical scavenging activity portrayed in DPPH assay in-vitro as well as alleviation in lipid peroxidation and improvement in antioxidant enzyme levels in-vivo . With this study, it was clinched that the SREBV supplementation safeguarded EG-induced urolithiasis as it abbreviated the growth of urinary stones. The mechanisms attributing to this effect might be due to its antioxidant, diuretic, nephroprotective and curbing in stone-forming constituents.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42480530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.46-53
N. A. Kader, Samir Das, A. G. Barua, B. Dutta, R. Hazarika, N. Barman, S. N. Abedin, Syed A. Arif, Pranjal M. Nath, U. Rajkhowa
: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a well-known zoonotic disease that affects cattle all over the world and results in significant economic loss, particularly in impoverished nations. The present communication describes the pathology, isolation and molecular detection of Mycobacterium in an organized farm of Assam which has the previous records on animals with confirmed M. bovis infection. During the period 2020-2021, a total of 40 animals (4 males and 36 females) of one year and above were included in the present study for screening of bovine tuberculosis by single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICCT). The milk, nasal swabs were collected from only tuberculin positive cattle and the tissue samples from necropsied animal and then processed for bacteriology, histopathology and molecular detection from direct samples. Out of 40, four cows showed positive reactor by SICCT and out of these four, one animal died. At necropsy, there was presence of circumscribed yellowish white lesions of various sizes and numbers. The smear prepared from granulomatous tissue samples showed the presence of acid-fast bacilli by Ziehl–Neelsen stain. Mycobacterium could be isolated from tissue samples. The DNA extracted from the samples could amplify Mycobacteria genus specific hsp65 gene and MTBC specific a 123-bp segment of the
{"title":"Molecular detection, isolation, and pathology of bovine tuberculosis in an organized farm in Assam, India","authors":"N. A. Kader, Samir Das, A. G. Barua, B. Dutta, R. Hazarika, N. Barman, S. N. Abedin, Syed A. Arif, Pranjal M. Nath, U. Rajkhowa","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.46-53","url":null,"abstract":": Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a well-known zoonotic disease that affects cattle all over the world and results in significant economic loss, particularly in impoverished nations. The present communication describes the pathology, isolation and molecular detection of Mycobacterium in an organized farm of Assam which has the previous records on animals with confirmed M. bovis infection. During the period 2020-2021, a total of 40 animals (4 males and 36 females) of one year and above were included in the present study for screening of bovine tuberculosis by single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICCT). The milk, nasal swabs were collected from only tuberculin positive cattle and the tissue samples from necropsied animal and then processed for bacteriology, histopathology and molecular detection from direct samples. Out of 40, four cows showed positive reactor by SICCT and out of these four, one animal died. At necropsy, there was presence of circumscribed yellowish white lesions of various sizes and numbers. The smear prepared from granulomatous tissue samples showed the presence of acid-fast bacilli by Ziehl–Neelsen stain. Mycobacterium could be isolated from tissue samples. The DNA extracted from the samples could amplify Mycobacteria genus specific hsp65 gene and MTBC specific a 123-bp segment of the","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42971578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.118-123
G. Chethan, K. Sarma, Nikita Bora, H. Manjunathachar, N. Thakur, Snehil Gupta, Champak Deka, S. N. Chaithra, V. Jawalagatti, J. Rajesh, K. Dhama
: Scrub typhus is a vector-borne, zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi . Several members of the genus Leptotrombidium have gained importance due to their potential role as vectors as well as reservoirs for O. tsutsugamushi . The larvae of Leptotrombidium species are primary parasites of ground-dwelling rodents. However, changes in climate, host specificity makes them to adapt to other animals and play a role in the perpetuation of various (re)-emerging pathogens between animals and humans. Two male mongrel dogs aged six months were presented to the College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Mizoram, India with a history of skin lesions and intense pruritus. Routine skin scraping examination of samples revealed the presence of Leptotrombidium deliense larvae. Considering the public health importance of L. deliense infestation, an attempt was made to screen the dogs for O. tsutsugamushi and other haemoprotozoans. Microscopic and molecular tests were negative for haemoprotozoan parasites and O. tsutsugamushi , respectively. Both the dogs were successfully treated with parenteral ivermectin and topical fipronil spray.
{"title":"Leptotrombidium deliense infestation in domestic dogs from India, a vector of scrub typhus: a case report","authors":"G. Chethan, K. Sarma, Nikita Bora, H. Manjunathachar, N. Thakur, Snehil Gupta, Champak Deka, S. N. Chaithra, V. Jawalagatti, J. Rajesh, K. Dhama","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.118-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.118-123","url":null,"abstract":": Scrub typhus is a vector-borne, zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi . Several members of the genus Leptotrombidium have gained importance due to their potential role as vectors as well as reservoirs for O. tsutsugamushi . The larvae of Leptotrombidium species are primary parasites of ground-dwelling rodents. However, changes in climate, host specificity makes them to adapt to other animals and play a role in the perpetuation of various (re)-emerging pathogens between animals and humans. Two male mongrel dogs aged six months were presented to the College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University, Mizoram, India with a history of skin lesions and intense pruritus. Routine skin scraping examination of samples revealed the presence of Leptotrombidium deliense larvae. Considering the public health importance of L. deliense infestation, an attempt was made to screen the dogs for O. tsutsugamushi and other haemoprotozoans. Microscopic and molecular tests were negative for haemoprotozoan parasites and O. tsutsugamushi , respectively. Both the dogs were successfully treated with parenteral ivermectin and topical fipronil spray.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46504109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.54-68
A. De, S. Sawhney, S. Jeyakumar, D. Bhattacharya
: This communication is the first report on mitochondrial lineage of Andaman wild boar based on mitochondrial D-loop sequence information. Andaman wild boar is an endangered endemic species of Andaman & Nicobar archipelago. D-loop sequence information of Andaman wild boar (MT024628-29) was compared with endemic Sus species of Southeast Asia, Eurasian clades of wild boar and Indian wild boar characterized from mainland of India. Phylogenetic analysis, median joining (MJ) network and genetic distance analysis revealed that Andaman wild boar belonged to S. scrofa . Earlier literature suggested that Eurasian wild boars are clustered into five clades. Our analysis revealed that Andaman wild boar had the least genetic distance with Asiatic clade and had the highest genetic distance with the Italian clade. This data was further supported by pairwise Fst. Phylogenetic analysis, MJ network and PCA plot could identify genetic affinity of Andaman wild boar with Asiatic clade of wild boar. Interestingly, Andaman wild boar clustered with wild boars found in two specified geographical regions of India. This may be justified as leftover of cultural diffusion during c . 500/ 400 BCE.
{"title":"First account on maternal lineage of Andaman wild boar (Moupin pig), an endangered endemic species of Andaman archipelago","authors":"A. De, S. Sawhney, S. Jeyakumar, D. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.54-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.54-68","url":null,"abstract":": This communication is the first report on mitochondrial lineage of Andaman wild boar based on mitochondrial D-loop sequence information. Andaman wild boar is an endangered endemic species of Andaman & Nicobar archipelago. D-loop sequence information of Andaman wild boar (MT024628-29) was compared with endemic Sus species of Southeast Asia, Eurasian clades of wild boar and Indian wild boar characterized from mainland of India. Phylogenetic analysis, median joining (MJ) network and genetic distance analysis revealed that Andaman wild boar belonged to S. scrofa . Earlier literature suggested that Eurasian wild boars are clustered into five clades. Our analysis revealed that Andaman wild boar had the least genetic distance with Asiatic clade and had the highest genetic distance with the Italian clade. This data was further supported by pairwise Fst. Phylogenetic analysis, MJ network and PCA plot could identify genetic affinity of Andaman wild boar with Asiatic clade of wild boar. Interestingly, Andaman wild boar clustered with wild boars found in two specified geographical regions of India. This may be justified as leftover of cultural diffusion during c . 500/ 400 BCE.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48431397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.109-117
Gabriela Caballero, N. Villegas, D. Cremonezzi, V. Campana, S. Palma, D. Allemandi, L. Tártara
: Glaucoma is a multifactorial progressive optic neuropathy whose main risk factor is intraocular hypertension (IOH). It generates loss of nerves and is the primary cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The objective of this work was to develop a glaucoma model in rabbits and analyze the anatomical, functional and biochemical changes over time through intraocular pressure (IOP), electroretinography (ERG), antioxidant capacity with FRAP essay. in aqueous humor (AH), and histopathology with quantification of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). 24 female New Zealand white rabbits were used. In 12 animals, glaucoma was induced by injection of (cid:181)(cid:181)(cid:181)(cid:181)(cid:181) -chymotrypsin. During the postoperative period, the treatment and control groups were examined weekly. 7 days after surgery, IOP (mmHg) was 18.30 ± 1.75 in the treatment group and 13.59 ± 0.63 in the control (p<0.02). The most important rise was at 14 days (treatment 27 ± 2.64 vs. controls 15.78 ± 0.86) (p<0.001), remaining stable thereafter. In the ERG, the analysis of the latency of A and B waves in ms with stimulus intensity of 15 LUX showed a difference between treatment and controls (p £££££ 0.05). The FRAP values ( mmmmm M FeSO 4 /mg of proteins) were 520.3 ± 44 in the treatment group, and 2851.3 ± 178.7 in the control (p<0.0001). The RGC count per field was 15 ± 2.20 in the control group and 5.52 ± 0.77 in the treatment group (p<0.001). The glaucoma model enabled the analysis of anatomical, functional and biochemical changes as a function of time.
{"title":"Design and analysis of an efficient glaucoma model for evaluation of pharmacological trials","authors":"Gabriela Caballero, N. Villegas, D. Cremonezzi, V. Campana, S. Palma, D. Allemandi, L. Tártara","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.109-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.109-117","url":null,"abstract":": Glaucoma is a multifactorial progressive optic neuropathy whose main risk factor is intraocular hypertension (IOH). It generates loss of nerves and is the primary cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The objective of this work was to develop a glaucoma model in rabbits and analyze the anatomical, functional and biochemical changes over time through intraocular pressure (IOP), electroretinography (ERG), antioxidant capacity with FRAP essay. in aqueous humor (AH), and histopathology with quantification of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). 24 female New Zealand white rabbits were used. In 12 animals, glaucoma was induced by injection of (cid:181)(cid:181)(cid:181)(cid:181)(cid:181) -chymotrypsin. During the postoperative period, the treatment and control groups were examined weekly. 7 days after surgery, IOP (mmHg) was 18.30 ± 1.75 in the treatment group and 13.59 ± 0.63 in the control (p<0.02). The most important rise was at 14 days (treatment 27 ± 2.64 vs. controls 15.78 ± 0.86) (p<0.001), remaining stable thereafter. In the ERG, the analysis of the latency of A and B waves in ms with stimulus intensity of 15 LUX showed a difference between treatment and controls (p £££££ 0.05). The FRAP values ( mmmmm M FeSO 4 /mg of proteins) were 520.3 ± 44 in the treatment group, and 2851.3 ± 178.7 in the control (p<0.0001). The RGC count per field was 15 ± 2.20 in the control group and 5.52 ± 0.77 in the treatment group (p<0.001). The glaucoma model enabled the analysis of anatomical, functional and biochemical changes as a function of time.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46972959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.52635/eamr/12.1.91-98
A. Arun, U. Jaiswal, S. Tripathi, A. Singh, S. Choudhury, S. Prabhu
: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in animals. The study involves one hundred eighty-four GNB isolates from 214 samples (faeces, milk, pus, and uterine discharge) from Buffalo (N=112), Cattle (N=50) and, Dog (N=52). Healthy and diseased animals reported to Veterinary Clinical Complex were sampled. Carbapenemase production was evaluated by phenotypic methods and presence of metallo bbbbb -lactamase genes was assayed by PCR. We observed a 9.78% overall prevalence of CR-GNB in animal sources. CR-GNB was more frequently recovered from companion animals (19.23%) when compared to livestock (4.93%). IMP (44.4%), VIM (38.8%), and OXA-48 (16.66 %) were the main MBLs observed in the study.
{"title":"Surveillance of Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from animal sources in Mathura region, Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"A. Arun, U. Jaiswal, S. Tripathi, A. Singh, S. Choudhury, S. Prabhu","doi":"10.52635/eamr/12.1.91-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52635/eamr/12.1.91-98","url":null,"abstract":": A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in animals. The study involves one hundred eighty-four GNB isolates from 214 samples (faeces, milk, pus, and uterine discharge) from Buffalo (N=112), Cattle (N=50) and, Dog (N=52). Healthy and diseased animals reported to Veterinary Clinical Complex were sampled. Carbapenemase production was evaluated by phenotypic methods and presence of metallo bbbbb -lactamase genes was assayed by PCR. We observed a 9.78% overall prevalence of CR-GNB in animal sources. CR-GNB was more frequently recovered from companion animals (19.23%) when compared to livestock (4.93%). IMP (44.4%), VIM (38.8%), and OXA-48 (16.66 %) were the main MBLs observed in the study.","PeriodicalId":12112,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory Animal and Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47183842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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