Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities最新文献

英文中文

Parent-Assisted Social Skills Training for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: PEERS for Preschoolers 父母辅助的自闭症谱系障碍儿童社交技能培训：学龄前儿童PEERS

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221110158

Mi-na Park, Emily Moulton, E. Laugeson

The establishment of reciprocal friendships is a challenge for many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social interaction difficulties emerge early, persist throughout development, and have widespread functional impact. As such, interventions focused on social functioning are needed in early intervention programs. This two-part study evaluated the outcomes of a parent-assisted social skills training (SST) program for young children with ASD. The intervention is a downward extension of the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS(R)), which is one of the few evidence-based SST programs for adolescents and young adults with ASD. Modifications included developmentally appropriate social skills, greater parent involvement, and behavioral strategies embedded in play-based activities. Results reveal improvements in parent ratings of social responsiveness, social cognition, and social motivation, as well as decreased (a) restricted/repetitive behaviors and interests and (b) problem behaviors. Results are promising and encourage further evaluation of this SST curriculum.

对于许多自闭症谱系障碍患者来说，建立互惠友谊是一项挑战。社交困难出现得早，在整个发展过程中持续存在，并具有广泛的功能影响。因此，在早期干预计划中需要以社会功能为重点的干预措施。这项由两部分组成的研究评估了父母辅助的ASD幼儿社会技能培训（SST）计划的结果。该干预措施是关系技能教育和丰富计划（PEERS（R））的向下延伸，该计划是为数不多的针对患有ASD的青少年和年轻人的循证SST计划之一。修改包括适合发展的社交技能，更多的父母参与，以及嵌入游戏活动的行为策略。结果显示，父母对社会反应、社会认知和社会动机的评分有所提高，（a）受限/重复行为和兴趣以及（b）问题行为有所减少。结果是有希望的，并鼓励进一步评估这一SST课程。

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引用次数: 10

Evaluating the Relationship Between Performance on a Multiple-Choice Examination and Common ABA-Based Procedures 评估多项选择考试成绩与基于ABA的常见程序之间的关系

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221110170

Justin B. Leaf, Joseph H. Cihon, J. L. Ferguson, Christine M. Milne, Ronald Leaf, J. Mceachin

To ensure the quality of training, skills developed and maintained, and expected standards for behavior analysts, several systems have been put into place across the years. Of these systems, perhaps the most widespread was the development of the Behavior Analyst Certification Board in 1998. Once all requirements are met, the final determinative step in obtaining certification is a multiple-choice examination. The use of a multiple-choice examination as the final determinative step in obtaining behavior analytic certification may create some concerns for behavior analysts. Identification of a positive correlation between the multiple-choice examination and performance may help ameliorate these concerns. The purpose of this study was to evaluate any potential correlations between scores on a popular commercially available prep examination and basic applied behavior analysis (ABA)–based autism intervention procedures with 25 professionals. Overall, the results indicated that multiple-choice examination scores were not significantly correlated with any assessments of performance.

为了确保培训的质量，开发和维护的技能，以及行为分析师的预期标准，多年来已经实施了几个系统。在这些系统中，也许最广泛的是1998年行为分析师认证委员会的发展。一旦满足所有要求，获得认证的最后决定性步骤是多项选择考试。使用多项选择考试作为获得行为分析认证的最后决定性步骤可能会给行为分析人员带来一些担忧。确定多项选择考试与成绩之间的正相关关系可能有助于改善这些担忧。本研究的目的是评估25名专业人员在一种流行的商业准备考试的分数与基于基本应用行为分析(ABA)的自闭症干预程序之间的潜在相关性。总体而言，结果表明，选择题考试分数与任何成绩评估都没有显著相关。

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引用次数: 0

Physical Fitness and Maternal Psychosocial Status in Children With Autism Attending a Regular Physical Activity Program 参加定期体育活动项目的自闭症儿童的身体健康和母亲心理社会状况

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221108110

Ayşe Kübra Şahan, Nazan Ozturk, E. Calik-Kutukcu, H. Aksu, Mustafa Tolga Tunagur, H. Arikan

The aim of this study was to compare physical fitness-related parameters in Turkish children with mild to moderate autism and their typically developing (TD) peers to determine maternal anxiety level and quality of life. Children with autism had significantly worse scores for all Munich Fitness Test (MFT) parameters except step test heart rate and had lower physical activity levels compared to the TD children (p < .05). There was no difference between groups in terms of postural deviations or maternal anxiety scores (p > .05). The MFT total score was associated with higher maternal quality of life scores (r = .605, p = .006). This study showed that despite participating in a regular physical activity program, children with mild to moderate autism have lower physical fitness and activity levels compared to their TD peers, whereas better physical fitness in children with autism has a positive effect on their mothers’ quality of life.

本研究的目的是比较土耳其轻度至中度自闭症儿童及其典型发育(TD)同龄人的身体健康相关参数，以确定母亲的焦虑水平和生活质量。自闭症儿童在慕尼黑体能测试(MFT)的所有参数得分(除步数测试心率外)均显著低于TD儿童(p < 0.05)。在体位偏差和母亲焦虑评分方面，两组间无差异(p < 0.05)。MFT总分与较高的产妇生活质量评分相关(r = .605, p = .006)。这项研究表明，尽管参加了定期的体育活动计划，轻度至中度自闭症儿童的身体健康和活动水平比他们的TD同龄人要低，而自闭症儿童更好的身体健康对他们母亲的生活质量有积极的影响。

引用次数: 1

Effects of a Peer-Mediated Joint Attention Intervention in an Inclusive Preschool Setting 同伴介导的联合注意干预在包容性学前教育中的作用

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221108111

S. Hansen, Megan H. Mowbray, Tracy J. Raulston, Amarie Carnett, Christopher A. Tullis

Joint attention, or shared attention to an object or event, is a pivotal skill for the development of social interactions and social communication. Joint attention typically develops in natural contexts within the first year of life. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related developmental disabilities often experience difficulty developing joint attention. Clinical interventions to increase joint attention exist. However, there are limited studies investigating methods to incorporate joint attention interventions in inclusive preschool classrooms with peers as social partners. For young children in preschool settings, peer-mediated social skills interventions reflect natural contingencies and may promote generalization. In this study, we employed a single-case multiple baseline across child–peer dyads design to evaluate the effects of a peer-mediated joint attention intervention for children with or at risk for ASD on response to joint attention (RJA) from peer bids and initiations of joint attention (IJA) from target children with ASD. The intervention included direct instruction with a social narrative to teach three peers to initiate bids for joint attention to measure target children’s responses. Target children later received the same direct instruction to increase IJA to same-age-peers. Results indicate increased target child RJA and IJA to peers. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed.

共同关注，或共同关注一个物体或事件，是发展社交互动和社会沟通的关键技能。共同注意力通常在生命的第一年内在自然环境中发展起来。患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和相关发育障碍的儿童通常难以发展联合注意力。存在提高联合注意力的临床干预措施。然而，研究将共同注意力干预纳入包容性学前课堂的方法的研究有限，同伴是社会伙伴。对于学前环境中的幼儿，同伴介导的社会技能干预反映了自然的偶然性，并可能促进泛化。在这项研究中，我们采用了一个跨儿童-同伴二元设计的单一案例多基线来评估同伴介导的ASD儿童或有ASD风险的儿童联合注意力干预对同伴出价的联合注意力（RJA）反应和ASD目标儿童的联合注意力启动（IJA）的影响。干预措施包括直接指导和社会叙事，教三个同龄人主动争取共同关注，以衡量目标儿童的反应。目标儿童后来接受了同样的直接指导，将IJA增加到同龄同龄人。结果表明，同龄人的目标儿童RJA和IJA增加。讨论了研究和实践的局限性和意义。

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引用次数: 0

Parent Coaching in a Multimodal Communication Intervention for Children with Autism 父母指导在自闭症儿童多模式沟通干预中的应用

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221099896

Ching-Yi Liao, J. Ganz, Sanikan Wattanawongwan, April N. Haas, Sarah K. Ura, Kimberly J. Vannest, Kristi L. Morin

Social-communication deficits associated with autism spectrum disorder often lead to undesirable outcomes in other domains, such as interpersonal relationships, employment, and participation in community activities. Parents may be ideal implementers of interventions to address these deficits when provided with instruction that is efficacious and feasible. This study evaluated a web-based group training and multimodal communication protocol of individualized parent coaching to improve parent implementation of communication intervention components. Results indicated a moderate functional relation between the parent-coaching intervention and parent implementation of the instructional behaviors. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

与自闭症谱系障碍相关的社会沟通缺陷通常会导致其他领域的不良后果，如人际关系、就业和参与社区活动。当提供有效和可行的指导时，父母可能是解决这些缺陷的干预措施的理想实施者。本研究评估了一种基于网络的团体培训和个性化家长辅导的多模式沟通协议，以改善家长对沟通干预成分的实施。结果显示，家长辅导干预与家长实施教学行为之间存在适度的函数关系。讨论了未来研究的意义和建议。

引用次数: 1

Early Interventionists’ Knowledge of Evidence-Based Practices for Autism 早期干预者对自闭症循证实践的认识

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221099895

Cindy Gevarter, Maria Siciliano, Erin Stone

This online survey study examined early intervention providers’ knowledge and training needs surrounding evidence-based practices for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The researchers analyzed data from 87 early intervention providers (speech-language pathologists and developmental specialists) in a rural Southwestern U.S. state. The survey included both quantitative (i.e., rating and multiple-choice questions) and qualitative (open-ended) components. Survey sections included demographics, self-ratings of knowledge of evidence-based practices/self-reported training needs and barriers to working with children with ASD, and directly assessed knowledge of evidence-based practices. Findings support specific knowledge gaps and training needs (e.g., practices for addressing challenging behaviors, strategies for working with children with limited communication skills) and suggest developmental specialists who provided special instruction services may have greater training needs than speech-language pathologists. Findings have important implications for professional development and training programs for early intervention providers.

这项在线调查研究考察了早期干预提供者对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）循证实践的知识和培训需求。研究人员分析了美国西南部一个农村州87名早期干预提供者（言语语言病理学家和发育专家）的数据。调查包括定量（即评分和多项选择题）和定性（开放式）两部分。调查部分包括人口统计、对循证实践知识的自我评分/自我报告的培训需求和与ASD儿童合作的障碍，以及直接评估循证实践的知识。研究结果支持了特定的知识差距和培训需求（例如，应对挑战性行为的实践、与沟通能力有限的儿童合作的策略），并表明提供特殊指导服务的发展专家可能比言语病理学家有更大的培训需求。研究结果对早期干预提供者的专业发展和培训计划具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 1

Rhodiola Rosea Extract Counteracts Stress in an Adaptogenic Response Curve Manner via Elimination of ROS and Induction of Neurite Outgrowth. 红景天提取物通过消除 ROS 和诱导神经元生长，以适应性反应曲线的方式对抗压力。

4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-05-13 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5647599

Anastasia Agapouda, Amandine Grimm, Imane Lejri, Anne Eckert

Background: Sustained stress with the overproduction of corticosteroids has been shown to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to an oxidative stress state. Mitochondria are the main generators of ROS and are directly and detrimentally affected by their overproduction. Neurons depend almost solely on ATP produced by mitochondria in order to satisfy their energy needs and to form synapses, while stress has been proven to alter synaptic plasticity. Emerging evidence underpins that Rhodiola rosea, an adaptogenic plant rich in polyphenols, exerts antioxidant, antistress, and neuroprotective effects.

Methods: In this study, the effect of Rhodiola rosea extract (RRE) WS®1375 on neuronal ROS regulation, bioenergetics, and neurite outgrowth, as well as its potential modulatory effect on the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, was evaluated in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and the murine hippocampal HT22 cell lines. Stress was induced using the corticosteroid dexamethasone.

Results: RRE increased bioenergetics as well as cell viability and scavenged ROS with a similar efficacy in both cells lines and counteracted the respective corticosteroid-induced dysregulation. The effect of RRE, both under dexamethasone-stress and under normal conditions, resulted in biphasic U-shape and inverted U-shape dose response curves, a characteristic feature of adaptogenic plant extracts. Additionally, RRE treatment promoted neurite outgrowth and induced an increase in BDNF levels.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that RRE may constitute a candidate for the prevention of stress-induced pathophysiological processes as well as oxidative stress. Therefore, it could be employed against stress-associated mental disorders potentially leading to the development of a condition-specific supplementation.

背景：研究表明，皮质类固醇的过度分泌会增加活性氧（ROS），从而导致氧化应激状态。线粒体是 ROS 的主要产生者，其过度产生会对线粒体产生直接和有害的影响。神经元几乎完全依赖线粒体产生的 ATP 来满足能量需求和形成突触，而压力已被证明会改变突触的可塑性。新的证据表明，红景天这种富含多酚的适应性植物具有抗氧化、抗应激和保护神经的作用：本研究在人神经母细胞瘤 SH-SY5Y 和小鼠海马 HT22 细胞系中评估了红景天提取物（RRE）WS®1375 对神经元 ROS 调节、生物能和神经元突起生长的影响，以及其对脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）通路的潜在调节作用。使用皮质类固醇地塞米松诱导应激：结果：RRE提高了两种细胞系的生物能、细胞活力和清除ROS的功效，并抵消了皮质类固醇诱导的相应失调。在地塞米松应激和正常条件下，RRE 的作用均呈双相 U 型和倒 U 型剂量反应曲线，这是适应性植物提取物的一个特征。此外，RRE 还能促进神经元的生长，并诱导 BDNF 水平的增加：这些研究结果表明，RRE 可能是预防应激诱导的病理生理过程和氧化应激的候选物质。因此，可以利用 RRE 预防与压力相关的精神疾病，从而开发出针对特定情况的补充剂。

{"title":"Rhodiola Rosea Extract Counteracts Stress in an Adaptogenic Response Curve Manner via Elimination of ROS and Induction of Neurite Outgrowth.","authors":"Anastasia Agapouda, Amandine Grimm, Imane Lejri, Anne Eckert","doi":"10.1155/2022/5647599","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/5647599","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sustained stress with the overproduction of corticosteroids has been shown to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to an oxidative stress state. Mitochondria are the main generators of ROS and are directly and detrimentally affected by their overproduction. Neurons depend almost solely on ATP produced by mitochondria in order to satisfy their energy needs and to form synapses, while stress has been proven to alter synaptic plasticity. Emerging evidence underpins that Rhodiola rosea, an adaptogenic plant rich in polyphenols, exerts antioxidant, antistress, and neuroprotective effects.Methods: In this study, the effect of Rhodiola rosea extract (RRE) WS®1375 on neuronal ROS regulation, bioenergetics, and neurite outgrowth, as well as its potential modulatory effect on the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, was evaluated in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and the murine hippocampal HT22 cell lines. Stress was induced using the corticosteroid dexamethasone.Results: RRE increased bioenergetics as well as cell viability and scavenged ROS with a similar efficacy in both cells lines and counteracted the respective corticosteroid-induced dysregulation. The effect of RRE, both under dexamethasone-stress and under normal conditions, resulted in biphasic U-shape and inverted U-shape dose response curves, a characteristic feature of adaptogenic plant extracts. Additionally, RRE treatment promoted neurite outgrowth and induced an increase in BDNF levels.Conclusion: These findings indicate that RRE may constitute a candidate for the prevention of stress-induced pathophysiological processes as well as oxidative stress. Therefore, it could be employed against stress-associated mental disorders potentially leading to the development of a condition-specific supplementation.","PeriodicalId":12133,"journal":{"name":"Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities","volume":"24 1","pages":"5647599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9122715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87404495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paraprofessionals’ Perceived Skills and Needs in Supporting Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder 辅助专业人员在支持自闭症谱系障碍学生中的感知技能和需求

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/10883576211073699

C. Coogle, V. Walker, Jennifer R. Ottley, Darcey M Allan, Daniel Irwin

There is a research-to-practice gap in the identification and use of evidence-based practices in special education. One way to better understand the persistent gap between research and practice and to inform professional development efforts is through gaining an understanding of teacher and paraprofessional perceptions. We conducted a survey study to identify paraprofessionals’ perceived skills and needs regarding categories of practices aligning with evidence-based practices for students with autism spectrum disorder. A total of 768 paraprofessionals completed the survey. We used descriptive statistics, one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs), post hoc analyses, and chi-square tests to analyze paraprofessionals’ responses. Paraprofessionals reported a range of responses and several of their responses differed significantly in relation to their experience and the population of students they supported. Findings suggest there is a need to individualize professional development based on both classroom and paraprofessional training needs. Future research is needed to determine how paraprofessionals’ perceptions align with their practice.

在特殊教育中识别和使用循证实践方面存在研究与实践的差距。更好地理解研究与实践之间持续存在的差距并为专业发展努力提供信息的一种方法是了解教师和准专业人士的看法。我们进行了一项调查研究，以确定辅助专业人员在实践类别方面的感知技能和需求，并与自闭症谱系障碍学生的循证实践保持一致。共有768名准专业人员完成了这项调查。我们使用描述性统计、单因素方差分析（ANOVA）、事后分析和卡方检验来分析准专业人员的反应。辅助专业人员报告了一系列的回应，其中一些回应与他们的经历和他们支持的学生群体有很大差异。研究结果表明，有必要根据课堂和准专业培训需求，对专业发展进行个性化。未来需要进行研究，以确定准专业人士的看法如何与他们的实践相一致。

{"title":"Paraprofessionals’ Perceived Skills and Needs in Supporting Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"C. Coogle, V. Walker, Jennifer R. Ottley, Darcey M Allan, Daniel Irwin","doi":"10.1177/10883576211073699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10883576211073699","url":null,"abstract":"There is a research-to-practice gap in the identification and use of evidence-based practices in special education. One way to better understand the persistent gap between research and practice and to inform professional development efforts is through gaining an understanding of teacher and paraprofessional perceptions. We conducted a survey study to identify paraprofessionals’ perceived skills and needs regarding categories of practices aligning with evidence-based practices for students with autism spectrum disorder. A total of 768 paraprofessionals completed the survey. We used descriptive statistics, one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs), post hoc analyses, and chi-square tests to analyze paraprofessionals’ responses. Paraprofessionals reported a range of responses and several of their responses differed significantly in relation to their experience and the population of students they supported. Findings suggest there is a need to individualize professional development based on both classroom and paraprofessional training needs. Future research is needed to determine how paraprofessionals’ perceptions align with their practice.","PeriodicalId":12133,"journal":{"name":"Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities","volume":"37 1","pages":"227 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47352461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Preferences for Edible and Electronic Leisure Items: A Systematic Replication 食用和电子休闲物品的偏好:一个系统的复制

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221081084

Mindy C. Scheithauer, Clarissa P. Martin, Summer Bottini

Early studies evaluating the relative preference for leisure compared with edible items suggested that, for most participants (>80%), edible items are more preferred than leisure items. Recent studies suggest more variability in the percentage of participants with this preference. The rationale for this variability could be sampling, setting, availability of items outside of the study, or the items included. As a systematic replication, we conducted preference assessments of leisure, edible, and leisure/edible items combined of 13 children with developmental disabilities. As an inclusion criterion, all participants had an electronic item as the top-preferred leisure item. An edible item ranked first in the combined assessment for 46.2% of participants. This replicates recent findings while accounting for access to edibles outside of the study. These outcomes are important to guide use of preference assessments across reinforcer classes in clinical and school settings.

早期评估休闲与可食用物品相对偏好的研究表明，对于大多数参与者（>80%）来说，可食用物品比休闲物品更受欢迎。最近的研究表明，有这种偏好的参与者的百分比变化更大。这种可变性的基本原理可能是采样、设置、研究之外项目的可用性或包括的项目。作为一项系统的复制，我们对13名发育障碍儿童的休闲、可食用和休闲/可食用物品进行了偏好评估。作为入选标准，所有参与者都将电子物品列为首选休闲物品。46.2%的参与者在综合评估中，一种可食用的食物排名第一。这重复了最近的发现，同时考虑了研究之外的食物获取情况。这些结果对于指导临床和学校环境中加强班使用偏好评估很重要。

引用次数: 2

Training Individuals to Implement Discrete Trials with Fidelity: A Meta-Analysis 训练个体忠实地执行离散试验：Meta分析

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2022-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/10883576221081076

Joelle Fingerhut, Mariola Moeyaert

Discrete trial training is a popular teaching method for individuals with autism, but it is not easily implemented with fidelity due to its complexity. This is the first meta-analysis of single-case experimental design studies to quantify the impact of behavioral skills training on individuals’ ability to implement discrete trials with fidelity. Furthermore, this meta-analysis examines the four training methods that make up behavioral skills training—feedback, instruction, modeling, and rehearsal—to determine the “active ingredients” of behavioral skills training. A total of 46 single-case experimental design studies are included in this meta-analysis. Hierarchical linear modeling, which has the ability to analyze clustered data, is the meta-analytic technique used to estimate the effectiveness of behavioral skills training across studies. Results show that behavioral skills training has a statistically significant positive effect on discrete trial training implementation fidelity; therefore, behavior skills training is recommended for discrete trial training implementation instruction.

离散试验训练是自闭症患者的一种流行的教学方法，但由于其复杂性，它不容易忠实地实施。这是第一次对单案例实验设计研究进行荟萃分析，以量化行为技能训练对个体忠实实施离散试验能力的影响。此外，这项荟萃分析考察了构成行为技能训练的四种训练方法——反馈、指导、建模和排练——以确定行为技能训练中的“有效成分”。本荟萃分析共纳入46项单例实验设计研究。分层线性建模能够分析聚类数据，是一种元分析技术，用于评估跨研究的行为技能训练的有效性。结果表明，行为技能训练对离散试验训练实施保真度有统计学显著的正向影响；因此，建议将行为技能训练作为离散试验训练实施指导。

引用次数: 2

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