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Hole trapping capability of silicon carbonitride charge trap layers 碳氮化硅电荷阱层的空穴捕获性能
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-07-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020190297
Kiyoteru Kobayashi, H. Mino
We have evaluated the hole trapping capability of the silicon carbonitride (SiCN) dielectric film for application in metal-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (MONOS)-type non-volatile memory devices. After a great number of holes were injected to the SiCN charge trap layer of memory capacitors at high applied voltages, the flat-band voltage shift ΔV fb,h of the capacitors was saturated and the charge centroid location of holes trapped in the SiCN layer was found to reach at 1.8–2.0 nm from the blocking oxide-charge trap layer interface. Using the obtained ΔV fb,h and charge centroid values, the maximum density of holes trapped in the SiCN layer was estimated to be 1.2 × 1013 holes/cm2 , which was higher than that trapped in a silicon nitride charge trap layer (=1.0 × 1013 holes/cm2 ). It is concluded that the high density of trapped holes caused large ΔV fb,h in the memory capacitors with the SiCN layer.
我们评估了碳氮化硅(SiCN)介质薄膜在金属氧化物-氮氧化物-硅(MONOS)型非易失性存储器件中的空穴捕获能力。在高外加电压下,在存储电容器的SiCN电荷阱层注入大量空穴后,电容器的平带电压位移ΔV fb,h达到饱和状态,并且在距离阻塞氧化物-电荷阱层界面1.8 ~ 2.0 nm处发现了SiCN层中空穴的电荷质心位置。利用所得的ΔV fb、h和电荷质心值,估计SiCN层中捕获的最大空穴密度为1.2 × 1013个孔/cm2,高于氮化硅电荷捕获层(=1.0 × 1013个孔/cm2)。结果表明,高密度的困孔导致SiCN层存储电容器的ΔV fb,h较大。
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引用次数: 0
Negative group delay experimentation with tee connector and cable structures 三通接头和电缆结构负群延时实验
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-06-06 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020200016
F. Wan, Xiaoyu Huangi, P. Thakur, A. Thakur, S. Lalléchère, B. Ravelo
The unfamiliar negative group-delay (NGD) phenomenon is experimented with structure constituted by tee-connectors and coaxial cables. The topology of the NGD generator is described. It consists of two parallel 50-Ω characteristic impedance cables. The S-parameter model in function of the cable physical lengths is established. The existence condition enabling to understand the NGD phenomenon is defined. A proof of concept simply is constituted by two three-port SMA connectors, three SMA transitions and 13-cm length cables. The NGD experimentation is performed from 1.5 GHz to 3.5 GHz. Tri-band NGD aspects in good agreement with the theory and simulation is observed experimentally. Particularly, high figure-of-merit NGD circuit with −3 ns NGD level, less than 2 dB insertion loss and 12 dB return loss around 3 GHz centre frequency is measured.
用三叉接头和同轴电缆组成的结构实验了不熟悉的负群延迟现象。描述了NGD发生器的拓扑结构。它由两条平行的50-Ω特性阻抗电缆组成。建立了随电缆物理长度变化的s参数模型。定义了能够理解NGD现象的存在条件。概念验证仅由两个三端口SMA连接器,三个SMA转换和13厘米长的电缆组成。NGD实验在1.5 GHz ~ 3.5 GHz频段进行。实验观测到的三波段NGD方面与理论和仿真结果吻合较好。特别是,测量了具有- 3ns NGD电平的高品质NGD电路,在3ghz中心频率下,插入损耗小于2db,回波损耗小于12db。
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引用次数: 0
Computer simulation study about the dependence of amorphous silicon photonic waveguides efficiency on the material quality 非晶硅光子波导效率与材料质量关系的计算机模拟研究
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020190250
A. Fantoni, João Costa, P. Lourenço, M. Vieira
Amorphous silicon PECVD photonic integrated devices are promising candidates for low cost sensing applications. This manuscript reports a simulation analysis about the impact on the overall efficiency caused by the lithography imperfections in the deposition process. The tolerance to the fabrication defects of a photonic sensor based on surface plasmonic resonance is analysed. The simulations are performed with FDTD and BPM algorithms. The device is a plasmonic interferometer composed by an a-Si:H waveguide covered by a thin gold layer. The sensing analysis is performed by equally splitting the input light into two arms, allowing the sensor to be calibrated by its reference arm. Two different 1 × 2 power splitter configurations are presented: a directional coupler and a multimode interference splitter. The waveguide sidewall roughness is considered as the major negative effect caused by deposition imperfections. The simulation results show that plasmonic effects can be excited in the interferometric waveguide structure, allowing a sensing device with enough sensitivity to support the functioning of a bio sensor for high throughput screening. In addition, the good tolerance to the waveguide wall roughness, points out the PECVD deposition technique as reliable method for the overall sensor system to be produced in a low-cost system. The large area deposition of photonics structures, allowed by the PECVD method, can be explored to design a multiplexed system for analysis of multiple biomarkers to further increase the tolerance to fabrication defects.
非晶硅PECVD光子集成器件是低成本传感应用的有前途的候选者。本文报告了沉积过程中光刻缺陷对整体效率影响的模拟分析。分析了基于表面等离子体共振的光子传感器对制造缺陷的容忍度。采用时域有限差分和BPM算法进行了仿真。该器件是一种等离子体干涉仪,由覆盖薄金层的a- si:H波导组成。传感分析是通过将输入光均匀地分成两臂来进行的,允许传感器通过其参考臂进行校准。提出了两种不同的1 × 2功率分路器配置:定向耦合器和多模干涉分路器。波导侧壁粗糙度被认为是沉积缺陷引起的主要负面影响。仿真结果表明,等离子体效应可以在干涉波导结构中激发,使传感装置具有足够的灵敏度,以支持生物传感器的高通量筛选功能。此外,PECVD沉积技术对波导壁粗糙度的良好容忍度表明,PECVD沉积技术是低成本生产整个传感器系统的可靠方法。PECVD方法允许光子结构的大面积沉积,可以探索设计用于分析多种生物标志物的多路复用系统,以进一步提高对制造缺陷的容错性。
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引用次数: 1
Ag nanoparticle-based efficiency enhancement in an inverted organic solar cell 基于银纳米粒子的倒置有机太阳能电池效率提高
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020200112
Dalila Salem, M. Shalabi, Fathi Souissi, Farida Nemmar, M. Belkaid, Muhammad Aamir, J. Nunzi
Herein, we demonstrate the improvement in performance of inverted organic solar cells fabricated with an Ag-nanoparticle (Np) modified ZnO-electron transport layer. Ag NP incorporation into the ZnO layer increases light harvesting efficiency of the solar device which untimely improves J sc of the device. As a result, power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ZnO + Ag Np buffer layer based (ITO/ZnO:Ag NP/P3HT: PCBM/MoO3 /Ag) device reaches 3.02% which is 27% higher than ITO/ZnO/P3HT: PCBM/MoO3 /Ag device and 55.6% higher than the electron transfer layer(ETL) free (ITO/P3HT: PCBM/MoO3 /Ag) control device.
在此,我们证明了用ag纳米颗粒(Np)修饰的zno电子传输层制备的倒置有机太阳能电池的性能得到改善。Ag NP掺入ZnO层提高了太阳能器件的光收集效率,及时提高了器件的jsc。结果表明,基于ZnO + Ag Np缓冲层(ITO/ZnO:Ag Np /P3HT: PCBM/MoO3 /Ag)器件的功率转换效率(PCE)达到3.02%,比ITO/ZnO/P3HT: PCBM/MoO3 /Ag器件高27%,比无电子转移层(ITO/P3HT: PCBM/MoO3 /Ag)控制器件高55.6%。
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引用次数: 6
Composition dependence of thermo-dynamical and thermo-mechanical properties in SeTeSnGe chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) setesge硫系玻璃(ChGs)中热力学和热机械性能的组分依赖性
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020200099
S. Pal, N. Mehta, J. MacDonald, D. Sharma
In this endeavor, we have synthesized novel quaternary glassy Se78-x Te20 Sn2 Gex (0 ≤ x ≤ 6) alloys by the well-known rapid cooling of melt under quenching technique, to study the effect of Germanium on thermodynamic and thermo-mechanical properties. In particular, we employed Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique for the investigation of thermodynamic parameters (e.g., specific heat Cp and enthalpy ΔH ) in the glass-transition-region (GTR). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) experiment was run under non-isothermal conditions. The thermo-mechanical parameters i.e., micro-hardness, micro-void volume, the energy of creation of micro-void, elasticity, density, compactness, and molar volume are also calculated. It was observed that there is a large increment in Cp values in the GTR. Further analysis shows that the Cp values above the GTR (i.e., Cp  = Cpe equilibrium specific heat) and below the GTR (i.e., Cp  = Cpg glass specific heat) are vastly composition dependent. The increment in specific heat value after Ge incorporation is explained in terms of molar volume.
在本研究中,我们采用著名的淬火快速冷却技术合成了新型的Se78-x Te20 Sn2 Gex(0≤x≤6)合金,研究了锗对热力学和热力学性能的影响。特别是,我们采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)技术来研究玻璃过渡区(GTR)的热力学参数(例如,比热Cp和焓ΔH)。差示扫描量热法(DSC)实验在非等温条件下进行。计算了材料的显微硬度、微孔洞体积、微孔洞生成能量、弹性、密度、密实度、摩尔体积等热力学参数。观察到GTR中Cp值有较大的增加。进一步分析表明,GTR以上的Cp值(即Cp = Cpe平衡比热)和GTR以下的Cp值(即Cp = Cpg玻璃比热)在很大程度上取决于组分。掺入Ge后比热值的增加用摩尔体积来解释。
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引用次数: 0
Silver photodiffusion into amorphous Ge chalcogenides 银光扩散成无定形锗硫属化合物
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020190368
Y. Sakaguchi, T. Hanashima, Al-Amin Ahmed Simon, M. Mitkova
Silver photodiffusion into amorphous chalcogenides involves the movement of ions controlled by a UV-visible light illumination, and has potential application to memory devices. Understanding the kinetics of this phenomenon will expand the range of possible applications. Herein, we report the excitation photon energy dependence of the silver photodiffusion kinetics in Ag/amorphous Ge20 S80 /Si substrate stacks, probed by neutron reflectivity using four light-emitting diodes with different peak wavelengths. Time-dependent changes were clearly observed in all three of the Ag/Ag-doped reaction/chalcogenide host layers, in terms of layer thickness, scattering length density, and roughness. Silver photodiffusion effectively occurred when the excitation photon energy was greater than the optical gap of the chalcogenide host material. Excitation of lone-pair electrons to anti-bonding states at the chalcogenide layer therefore appears to play a crucial role in triggering silver photodiffusion.
银光扩散成无定形硫族化合物涉及到由紫外-可见光照明控制的离子运动,并且在存储器件中有潜在的应用。了解这种现象的动力学将扩大可能的应用范围。本文报道了银在Ag/非晶Ge20 S80 /Si衬底堆中光扩散动力学的激发光子能量依赖,使用四个不同峰值波长的发光二极管用中子反射率探测。在所有三个Ag/Ag掺杂反应/硫属化物宿主层中,在层厚度、散射长度密度和粗糙度方面都可以清楚地观察到随时间的变化。当激发光子能量大于硫系主体材料的光隙时,银的光扩散有效发生。因此,在硫族化物层激发孤对电子到反键状态似乎在触发银光扩散中起着至关重要的作用。
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引用次数: 4
A study of the effect of morphology on the optical and electrical properties of TiO2 nanotubes for gas sensing applications 形貌对气体传感用TiO2纳米管光电性能影响的研究
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020190267
Alba Arenas-Hernandez, C. Zuñiga-Islas, Julio César Mendoza-Cervantes
In this paper, we report the results of the optical and electrical properties of TiO2 nanotubes with different morphologies for gas sensing applications. Four nanomaterials of TiO2 were prepared by electrochemical anodization using four different electrolyte solutions: 0.255 wt% NH4 F with 1 wt%, 3 wt%, 6 wt% and 9 wt% of deionized water in ethylene glycol. Micrographs by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed different morphologies caused by the variation in the water content of the solutions. Consequently, as an effect of morphology, the photoluminescence intensity in the visible spectrum was modified. By a change of the crystalline phase of TiO2 nanotubes, the oxygen vacancies increased and affected to the optical and electrical properties of TiO2 films. These films were used for detecting gas at room temperature. Hence, we studied and analyzed the relationship of the morphology, elemental composition, phase composition, band gap energy and defect states as a function of the electrical resistance change of TiO2 nanotubes to understand and improve the sensor response.
在本文中,我们报告了不同形貌的二氧化钛纳米管在气敏应用中的光学和电学性质的结果。采用0.255 wt% NH4 F、1 wt%、3 wt%、6 wt%和9 wt%去离子水的乙二醇溶液,通过电化学阳极氧化法制备了4种纳米TiO2材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察到溶液含水量的变化所引起的不同形貌。因此,由于形貌的影响,可见光谱中的光致发光强度发生了变化。通过改变TiO2纳米管的晶相,氧空位增加,影响TiO2薄膜的光学和电学性能。这些薄膜用于在室温下检测气体。因此,我们研究和分析了TiO2纳米管的形貌、元素组成、相组成、带隙能量和缺陷状态与电阻变化的关系,以了解和提高传感器的响应。
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引用次数: 9
Coupled statistical and dynamic loss prediction of high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel 高磁导率晶粒取向电工钢的耦合统计与动态损耗预测
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-05-20 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020200018
B. Daniels, T. Overboom, E. Lomonova
Power transformer design requires to model the loss and hysteresis behavior of the laminated steel core, constructed out of high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel. This work predicts the magnetic loss and hysteresis behavior in the rolling direction of three transformer grade steels, for magnetic flux densities up to and including 1.9 T, and frequencies up to and including 300 Hz. Material characterization parameters for the excess loss, obtained by statistical loss separation for sinusoidal concentric hysteresis loops, are applied in a hysteresis model and govern the dynamic field behavior. The modeled loss is compared and verified with measurement data obtained by an Epstein frame for each steel gauge.
电力变压器设计需要对高磁导率晶粒取向电工钢层压铁芯的损耗和磁滞特性进行建模。这项工作预测了三种变压器级钢在轧制方向上的磁损失和磁滞行为,磁通量密度高达1.9 T,频率高达300 Hz。通过对正弦同心磁滞回线的统计损耗分离得到的材料特性参数用于磁滞模型并控制动态场行为。将模型的损耗与Epstein框架对每个钢规的测量数据进行了比较和验证。
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引用次数: 4
Electronic system for activating ions in biological structures 在生物结构中激活离子的电子系统
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020200028
Jerzy Chudorliński, L. Książek, Piotr Prystupiuk
The article presents the biological aspects of the interaction of magnetic fields on living organisms, the types of signals used for therapy and physical rehabilitation, and the method of their preparation. The controller generating the therapy signals, equipped with a touch panel, is presented and its functions are discussed.
本文介绍了磁场与生物体相互作用的生物学方面,用于治疗和物理康复的信号类型,以及它们的制备方法。介绍了一种产生治疗信号的控制器,并对其功能进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Pareto optimal solutions of a wireless power transfer system 无线电力传输系统的Pareto最优解
IF 1 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1051/epjap/2020200052
M. Bertoluzzo, M. Forzan, P. di Barba, M. E. Mognaschi, E. Sieni
Electrical vehicles have to be periodically recharged. Currently, they are plugged to power station by cables. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) Systems could be used instead of traditional cable connection to charge the batteries of electric vehicles. These systems are based on a couple of coils, one on the vehicle bottom and one under the road connected to a power station. Nevertheless, these systems are affected by the magnetic characteristic of the coupling coils, so that these devices should be carefully designed. In this paper, a pair of faced pancake coils equipped with ferrite core is considered. The possible geometries of the coils are designed using genetic optimization algorithms searching for optimal mutual inductance and saving in copper. This paper presents the analysis of the Pareto solutions obtained using automatic design strategy.
电动汽车必须定期充电。目前,它们是通过电缆连接到发电站的。无线电力传输(WPT)系统可以代替传统的电缆连接来为电动汽车的电池充电。这些系统基于一对线圈,一个在车辆底部,另一个在与发电站连接的道路下。然而,这些系统受到耦合线圈的磁特性的影响,因此这些设备应仔细设计。本文研究了一对装有铁氧体铁芯的面薄饼线圈。采用遗传优化算法设计线圈的可能几何形状,以寻找最优互感和节省铜。本文对采用自动设计策略得到的Pareto解进行了分析。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
European Physical Journal-applied Physics
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