A predominantly odd-numbered, Gaussian-like distribution of the relative amounts of 3-methyl-2-alkanones, from I. helenium root essential oil, was observed. This distribution pattern indicates that their biosynthesis is related to that of fatty acids and related compounds. Simple (non-branched) 2-alkanones also show an odd carbon number prevalence in plants and other organisms, and it was shown that their biosynthesis indeed proceeds via the acetate pathway. In this paper, we propose three possible biosynthetic pathways by which 3-methyl-2-alkanones could be formed in the plant tissues. The essential distinction between them lies in the way the branching methyl group is introduced. The Gaussian parameter σ for the observed distribution of these ketones could be interpreted as the error introduced by the first elongase enzyme system involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acid-derived compounds. BIOSINTEZA 3-METIL-2-ALKANONA DUGOG UGLJOVODONICNOG LANCA IZ ETARSKOG ULJA KORENA BILJNE VRSTE INULA HELENIUM L. (ASTERACEAE) 3-Metil-2-alkanoni dugog ugljovodonicnog lanca su nađeni u etarskom ulju korena biljne vrste I. helenium L. Uocena je Gausova raspodela njihovih relativnih kolicina, pri cemu su homolozi sa neparnim brojem C-atoma bili zastupljeniji. Ovakva raspodela ukazuje na to da njihova biosinteza protice veoma slicno kao i biosinteza masnih kiselina i srodnih jedinjenja. 2-Alkanoni sa neparnim brojem C-atoma su, takođe, zastupljeniji kod biljaka i ostalih organizama, a za njih je dokazano da zaista nastaju po gore pomenutom acetatnom biosintetskom putu. Imajuci sve ovo u vidu, predložili smo tri moguca biosintetska puta kojim bi 3-metil-2-alkanoni mogli nastati u biljnim tkivima. Osnovna razlika između predloženih puteva je u nacinu na koji se uvodi metil racva. Gausov parametar σ uocenih raspodela kolicina alkana bi se mogao posmatrati kao greska prvog enzimskog sistema elongaze koji ucestvuje u biosintezi masnih kiselina i jedinjenja koja se iz njih izvode. HIGHLIGHTS Homologous 3-methyl-2-alkanones (C 11 –C 19 ) detected in Inula helenium root essential oil had a predominantly odd-numbered Gaussian-like distribution. This specific distribution pattern indicates that their biosynthesis most likely proceeds via the acetate pathway. There are three possible biosynthetic pathways, with a different mode of introducing the methyl branch, by which 3-methyl-2-alkanones could be produced. The observed Gaussian parameter σ could be interpreted as the error of the first elongase enzyme system involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acid-derived compounds.
结果表明，从荷叶根精油中提取的3-甲基-2-烷酮的相对含量呈奇数高斯分布。这种分布模式表明它们的生物合成与脂肪酸和相关化合物的生物合成有关。简单(非支链)2-烷酮在植物和其他生物中也显示出奇数碳数，并且表明它们的生物合成确实通过醋酸途径进行。本文提出了3-甲基-2-烷酮在植物组织中形成的三种可能的生物合成途径。它们之间的本质区别在于引入支甲基的方式。这些酮体分布的高斯参数σ可以解释为参与脂肪酸衍生化合物生物合成的第一延长酶系统所引入的误差。3-METIL-2-ALKANONA DUGOG UGLJOVODONICNOG LANCA IZ ETARSKOG ULJA KORENA BILJNE VRSTE INULA HELENIUM L. (ASTERACEAE) 3-Metil-2-alkanoni DUGOG UGLJOVODONICNOG LANCA su nađeni u etarskom ulju KORENA BILJNE VRSTE I. HELENIUM L. Uocena je Gausova raspodela njihovih相对于kolicina, pri cemu su homolozi sa neparnim brojem c - atomia bili zastupljeniji。在中国，有两种不同类型的植物，一种不同类型的植物，一种不同类型的植物，一种不同类型的植物。2 . alkanoni sa neparnim brojem - c - atomsu, takođe, zastupljeniji kod biljaka i ostali组织，aza njih je dokazano da zaista nastaju - 1现象:乙酰氨基生物碱。Imajuci sve ovu video, predložili smo tri mogca bioosintetska puta kojim bi 3- meil -2-alkanoni mogli nastati u biljnim tkivima。Osnovna razlika između predloženih puteva je u nacinu na koji se uvodi metiva。Gausov parametarσuocenih raspodela kolicina alkana bi se mogao posmatrati花王greska prvog enzimskog sistema elongaze koji ucestvuje u biosintezi masnih kiselina我jedinjenja koja se工业区njih izvode。结论:在菊根精油中检测到的同源3-甲基-2-烷酮(c11 - c19)以奇数高斯分布为主。这种特殊的分布模式表明它们的生物合成最有可能通过醋酸途径进行。有三种可能的生物合成途径，通过不同的方式引入甲基分支，可以生产3-甲基-2-烷酮。观察到的高斯参数σ可以解释为参与脂肪酸衍生化合物生物合成的第一延长酶系统的误差。
{"title":"A NOTE ON THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF LONG-CHAIN 3-METHYL-2-ALKANONES FROM THE ROOT ESSENTIAL OIL OF INULA HELENIUM L. (ASTERACEAE)","authors":"Marija Gencic, N. Radulović","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1502083G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1502083G","url":null,"abstract":"A predominantly odd-numbered, Gaussian-like distribution of the relative amounts of 3-methyl-2-alkanones, from I. helenium root essential oil, was observed. This distribution pattern indicates that their biosynthesis is related to that of fatty acids and related compounds. Simple (non-branched) 2-alkanones also show an odd carbon number prevalence in plants and other organisms, and it was shown that their biosynthesis indeed proceeds via the acetate pathway. In this paper, we propose three possible biosynthetic pathways by which 3-methyl-2-alkanones could be formed in the plant tissues. The essential distinction between them lies in the way the branching methyl group is introduced. The Gaussian parameter σ for the observed distribution of these ketones could be interpreted as the error introduced by the first elongase enzyme system involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acid-derived compounds. BIOSINTEZA 3-METIL-2-ALKANONA DUGOG UGLJOVODONICNOG LANCA IZ ETARSKOG ULJA KORENA BILJNE VRSTE INULA HELENIUM L. (ASTERACEAE) 3-Metil-2-alkanoni dugog ugljovodonicnog lanca su nađeni u etarskom ulju korena biljne vrste I. helenium L. Uocena je Gausova raspodela njihovih relativnih kolicina, pri cemu su homolozi sa neparnim brojem C-atoma bili zastupljeniji. Ovakva raspodela ukazuje na to da njihova biosinteza protice veoma slicno kao i biosinteza masnih kiselina i srodnih jedinjenja. 2-Alkanoni sa neparnim brojem C-atoma su, takođe, zastupljeniji kod biljaka i ostalih organizama, a za njih je dokazano da zaista nastaju po gore pomenutom acetatnom biosintetskom putu. Imajuci sve ovo u vidu, predložili smo tri moguca biosintetska puta kojim bi 3-metil-2-alkanoni mogli nastati u biljnim tkivima. Osnovna razlika između predloženih puteva je u nacinu na koji se uvodi metil racva. Gausov parametar σ uocenih raspodela kolicina alkana bi se mogao posmatrati kao greska prvog enzimskog sistema elongaze koji ucestvuje u biosintezi masnih kiselina i jedinjenja koja se iz njih izvode. HIGHLIGHTS Homologous 3-methyl-2-alkanones (C 11 –C 19 ) detected in Inula helenium root essential oil had a predominantly odd-numbered Gaussian-like distribution. This specific distribution pattern indicates that their biosynthesis most likely proceeds via the acetate pathway. There are three possible biosynthetic pathways, with a different mode of introducing the methyl branch, by which 3-methyl-2-alkanones could be produced. The observed Gaussian parameter σ could be interpreted as the error of the first elongase enzyme system involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acid-derived compounds.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78141107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Stankov, A. Jovanović, V. Marković, S. Stamenković
The modeling of DC glow discharge in argon at the pressure and inter-electrode distance was performed for different voltages and glow currents. For the first time, argon glow discharge is modeled using a two dimensional (2D) fluid model with non-local ionization. A detailed numerical procedure for 2D fluid modeling is given. The 2D profiles of particles number densities and electric potential obtained from the fluid model with non-local ionization and the simple fluid model are presented and compared. DVODIMENZIONI FLUIDNI MODEL JEDNOSMERNOG TINJAVOG PRAŽNJENJA U ARGONU NA NISKOM PRITISKU U radu je izvrseno modelovanje jednosmernog tinjavog pražnjenja u argonu na pritisku i medjuelektrodnom rastojanjupri razlicitim vrednostima primenjenih napona i radnih struja tinjavog pražnjenja. Po prvi put je modelovano tinjavo pražnjenje u argonu dvodimenzionim fluidnim modelom sa nelokalnom jonizacijom. U radu je data detaljna procedura za 2D fluidni model. Osim toga, izracunate su i uporedjene 2D raspodele koncentracija cestica i elektricnog potencijala dobijenih pomocu fluidnog modela sa nelokalnom jonizacijom i jednostavnog fluidnog modela. HIGHLIGHTS The modeling of DC glow discharge in argon was performed for different voltages and glow currents; Glow discharge was modeled using the two-dimensional (2D) simple fluid model and the fluid model with non-local ionization; A detailed numerical procedure for 2D fluid modeling is given; 2D profiles of the particle number densities and the electric potential obtained from the fluid model with non-local ionization and the simple fluid model are presented and compared.
{"title":"TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLUID MODELING OF DC GLOW DISCHARGE IN ARGON AT LOW PRESSURE","authors":"M. Stankov, A. Jovanović, V. Marković, S. Stamenković","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1503153S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1503153S","url":null,"abstract":"The modeling of DC glow discharge in argon at the pressure and inter-electrode distance was performed for different voltages and glow currents. For the first time, argon glow discharge is modeled using a two dimensional (2D) fluid model with non-local ionization. A detailed numerical procedure for 2D fluid modeling is given. The 2D profiles of particles number densities and electric potential obtained from the fluid model with non-local ionization and the simple fluid model are presented and compared. DVODIMENZIONI FLUIDNI MODEL JEDNOSMERNOG TINJAVOG PRAŽNJENJA U ARGONU NA NISKOM PRITISKU U radu je izvrseno modelovanje jednosmernog tinjavog pražnjenja u argonu na pritisku i medjuelektrodnom rastojanjupri razlicitim vrednostima primenjenih napona i radnih struja tinjavog pražnjenja. Po prvi put je modelovano tinjavo pražnjenje u argonu dvodimenzionim fluidnim modelom sa nelokalnom jonizacijom. U radu je data detaljna procedura za 2D fluidni model. Osim toga, izracunate su i uporedjene 2D raspodele koncentracija cestica i elektricnog potencijala dobijenih pomocu fluidnog modela sa nelokalnom jonizacijom i jednostavnog fluidnog modela. HIGHLIGHTS The modeling of DC glow discharge in argon was performed for different voltages and glow currents; Glow discharge was modeled using the two-dimensional (2D) simple fluid model and the fluid model with non-local ionization; A detailed numerical procedure for 2D fluid modeling is given; 2D profiles of the particle number densities and the electric potential obtained from the fluid model with non-local ionization and the simple fluid model are presented and compared.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"153-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81273932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the effect of four flat panel reflectors (bottom, top, left and right side reflectors) on the total light radiation on a small-size photovoltaic cell is analyzed. An analytical model for the determination of the optimum inclination angle of the reflectors with respect to the cell’s horizontal surface is presented. The optimal angle was calculated to be 66°. The calculated value was experimentally verified by measuring the short-circuit current of the cell. It was shown that the increase in the short-circuit current of the cell with reflectors in the optimal position was about 60% for the illumination levels between 10 lx and 1000 lx. The cell with reflectors was used to charge the primary capacitor in the energy harvesting circuitry of the wireless sensor node and it was demonstrated that the time needed for the cell to charge the primary capacitor could be reduced 35-40%. UTICAJ CETIRI RAVNA REFLEKTORA NA KARAKTERISTIKE SISTEMA KOJI SE AUTONOMNO NAPAJA ENERGIJOM SVETLOSTI U radu je analiziran uticaj cetiri ravna reflektora (donji, gornji, levi i desni bocni reflektor) na ukupno svetlosno zracenje koje dospeva na solarnu celiju malih dimenzija. Dat je analiticki model za određivanje optimalnog nagibnog ugla reflektora u odnosu na horizontalnu ravan u kojoj se nalazi solarna celija. Izracunati optimalni ugao iznosi 66 °. Izracunata vrednost je eksperimentalno proverena merenjem struje kratkog spoja solarne celije i pokazano je da povecanje struje kratkog spoja solarne celije sa reflektorima u optimalnom položaju iznosi oko 60% za nivo osvetljenosti između 10 lx i 1000 lx. Solarna celija je koriscena za punjenje primarnog kondenzatora samonapajajuceg senzora i pokazano je da vreme potrebno za punjenje primarnog kondenzatora može biti smanjeno od 35% do 40%. HIGHLIGHTS The effect of four flat panel reflectors on the total light radiation on a small-size photovoltaic cell was analyzed; An analytical model for the determination of an optimum inclination angle of the reflectors with respect to the cell’s surface is presented; The optimal inclination angle of the reflectors was determined to be 66°; The reflectors in the optimal position could increase the cell’s short-circuit current up to 60%; The charging time of the primary capacitor was reduced for 35-40%.
本文分析了4个平板反射器(底部、顶部、左右侧反射器)对小尺寸光伏电池总光辐射的影响。提出了一种确定反射镜相对于电池水平面的最佳倾角的解析模型。计算出最佳角度为66°。通过对电池短路电流的测量，验证了计算值。结果表明，当光照水平在10 lx到1000 lx之间时，反射镜处于最佳位置时，电池的短路电流增加约60%。在无线传感器节点能量收集电路中，采用带反射镜的电池对初级电容器充电，结果表明，该电池对初级电容器充电的时间可缩短35-40%。UTICAJ CETIRI RAVNA REFLEKTORA NA KARAKTERISTIKE SISTEMA KOJI SE AUTONOMNO NAPAJA ENERGIJOM SVETLOSTI U radu je analyiziran UTICAJ CETIRI RAVNA REFLEKTORA (donji, gornji, levi i desni bocni reflektor) NA ukupno svetlosno zracenje koje dospeva NA solarnu celiju malih dimenzija。数据分析模型za određivanje最优分析模型(优化分析模型)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Izracunati optimalni ugao iznosi 66°。Izracunata vrednost je ekoperalalno proververena merenjem struje kratkok spoja solarne celijei pokazano je da povecanje struje kratkok spoja solarne celijea reflektorima u optimalnom položaju iznosioko 60% za nivoosvetljenosti između 10 lx i 1000 lx。Solarna celija je koriscena za punjenje primary nog kondenzatora samonapajjueg senzora i pokazano je da vremme potrebno za punjenje primary nog kondenzatora može biti smanjeno od 35% do 40%。分析了四种平板反射器对小尺寸光伏电池总光辐射的影响;提出了一种确定反射镜相对于电池表面的最佳倾角的解析模型;确定反射镜的最佳倾角为66°;最佳位置的反射器可使电池的短路电流提高60%;主电容器充电时间缩短35-40%。
{"title":"The effect of four flat plate reflectors on light energy-harvesting system characteristics","authors":"Ljiljana Kostić, Z. Pavlović, Stojanovic Krasic","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1503171K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1503171K","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the effect of four flat panel reflectors (bottom, top, left and right side reflectors) on the total light radiation on a small-size photovoltaic cell is analyzed. An analytical model for the determination of the optimum inclination angle of the reflectors with respect to the cell’s horizontal surface is presented. The optimal angle was calculated to be 66°. The calculated value was experimentally verified by measuring the short-circuit current of the cell. It was shown that the increase in the short-circuit current of the cell with reflectors in the optimal position was about 60% for the illumination levels between 10 lx and 1000 lx. The cell with reflectors was used to charge the primary capacitor in the energy harvesting circuitry of the wireless sensor node and it was demonstrated that the time needed for the cell to charge the primary capacitor could be reduced 35-40%. UTICAJ CETIRI RAVNA REFLEKTORA NA KARAKTERISTIKE SISTEMA KOJI SE AUTONOMNO NAPAJA ENERGIJOM SVETLOSTI U radu je analiziran uticaj cetiri ravna reflektora (donji, gornji, levi i desni bocni reflektor) na ukupno svetlosno zracenje koje dospeva na solarnu celiju malih dimenzija. Dat je analiticki model za određivanje optimalnog nagibnog ugla reflektora u odnosu na horizontalnu ravan u kojoj se nalazi solarna celija. Izracunati optimalni ugao iznosi 66 °. Izracunata vrednost je eksperimentalno proverena merenjem struje kratkog spoja solarne celije i pokazano je da povecanje struje kratkog spoja solarne celije sa reflektorima u optimalnom položaju iznosi oko 60% za nivo osvetljenosti između 10 lx i 1000 lx. Solarna celija je koriscena za punjenje primarnog kondenzatora samonapajajuceg senzora i pokazano je da vreme potrebno za punjenje primarnog kondenzatora može biti smanjeno od 35% do 40%. HIGHLIGHTS The effect of four flat panel reflectors on the total light radiation on a small-size photovoltaic cell was analyzed; An analytical model for the determination of an optimum inclination angle of the reflectors with respect to the cell’s surface is presented; The optimal inclination angle of the reflectors was determined to be 66°; The reflectors in the optimal position could increase the cell’s short-circuit current up to 60%; The charging time of the primary capacitor was reduced for 35-40%.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"171-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75212361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physicalism is an ontological doctrine according to which everything in the world is physical in the last instance. This is usually interpreted as a claim that every non-physical, most notably every mental property can either be reduced to some physical property or shown to supervene on it. The main obstacle in an attempt to formulate physicalism properly is Hempel’s dilemma, and the most promising strategy of taking this dilemma is based on the argument from causal closure of physics. After analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of this approach, I argue that it is highly controversial and thus unable to support a strong ontological commitment. UZROCNA ZATVORENOST FIZIKE I FORMULISANJE FIZIKALIZMA Fizikalizam je ontoloska doktrina prema kojoj je sve na svetu u poslednjoj instanci fizicko. Ovo se obicno interpretira kao tvrdnja da se svako nefizicko, a posebno mentalno svojstvo može redukovati na neko fizicko svojstvo, ili se može pokazati da na njemu supervenira. Glavna prepreka pokusajima da se fizikalizam adekvatno formulise je Hempelova dilema, a strategija suocavanja sa ovom dilemom, koja najvise obecava, bazirana je na argumentu uzrocne zatvorenosti fizike. Nakon analize dobrih i losih strana ovog pristupa, zakljucujem da je on jako kontroverzan i da samim tim nije u stanju da podrži snažnu ontolosku tezu. HIGHLIGHTS Physicalism is an ontological thesis according to which everything in the world is physical. Hempel’s dilemma makes it hard to formulate. The argument from causal closure of physics is the most promising physicalist strategy against Hempel’s dilemma. An elaboration of the argument from causal closure of physics based on the fundamental conservation laws and forces is presented. A thorough analysis of this approach indicates that it is highly controversial and unable to support physicalist thesis.
物理主义是一种本体论学说，根据它，世界上的一切最终都是物理的。这通常被解释为一种主张，即每一种非物质属性，尤其是每一种精神属性，要么可以被还原为某种物理属性，要么可以被显示为某种物理属性的基础。试图正确表述物理主义的主要障碍是亨佩尔的困境，而解决这一困境的最有希望的策略是基于物理学因果封闭性的论点。在分析了这种方法的优缺点之后，我认为它是非常有争议的，因此无法支持一个强有力的本体论承诺。zrona ZATVORENOST FIZIKE I formulisisanje FIZIKALIZMA Fizikalizam je ontoloska doktrina prema kojoj je sveve na svetu - poslelej实例fizicko。Ovo se obicno interpretira kao tvrdnja da se svako nefizicko, a posebno mentalno svojstvo može redukovati na neko fizicko svojstvo, ili se može pokazati da na njemu supervenira。Glavna prepreka pokusajima da se fizikalizam adekvatno formulise je Hempelova dilemma, a strategija suocavanja sa from dilemma, koja najise obecava, bazirana je na argumentu urecne zatorenosti fizike。Nakon分析dobrih我losih strana ovog pristupa, zakljucujem哒我在jako kontroverzan我哒samim蒂姆nije u stanju哒podrž我snažνontolosku tezu。物理主义是一种本体论命题，根据它，世界上的一切都是物理的。亨佩尔的困境使其难以表述。物理学的因果闭合论是最有希望解决亨佩尔困境的物理主义策略。在基本守恒定律和力的基础上，阐述了物理学因果闭合的论点。对这种方法的深入分析表明，它是极具争议的，无法支持物理主义的论点。
{"title":"Causal Closure of Physics and the Formulation of Physicalism","authors":"D. Dimitrijević","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1501001D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1501001D","url":null,"abstract":"Physicalism is an ontological doctrine according to which everything in the world is physical in the last instance. This is usually interpreted as a claim that every non-physical, most notably every mental property can either be reduced to some physical property or shown to supervene on it. The main obstacle in an attempt to formulate physicalism properly is Hempel’s dilemma, and the most promising strategy of taking this dilemma is based on the argument from causal closure of physics. After analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of this approach, I argue that it is highly controversial and thus unable to support a strong ontological commitment. UZROCNA ZATVORENOST FIZIKE I FORMULISANJE FIZIKALIZMA Fizikalizam je ontoloska doktrina prema kojoj je sve na svetu u poslednjoj instanci fizicko. Ovo se obicno interpretira kao tvrdnja da se svako nefizicko, a posebno mentalno svojstvo može redukovati na neko fizicko svojstvo, ili se može pokazati da na njemu supervenira. Glavna prepreka pokusajima da se fizikalizam adekvatno formulise je Hempelova dilema, a strategija suocavanja sa ovom dilemom, koja najvise obecava, bazirana je na argumentu uzrocne zatvorenosti fizike. Nakon analize dobrih i losih strana ovog pristupa, zakljucujem da je on jako kontroverzan i da samim tim nije u stanju da podrži snažnu ontolosku tezu. HIGHLIGHTS Physicalism is an ontological thesis according to which everything in the world is physical. Hempel’s dilemma makes it hard to formulate. The argument from causal closure of physics is the most promising physicalist strategy against Hempel’s dilemma. An elaboration of the argument from causal closure of physics based on the fundamental conservation laws and forces is presented. A thorough analysis of this approach indicates that it is highly controversial and unable to support physicalist thesis.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84312239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Zrnzević, I. Zlatanović, J. Lazarević, O. Jovanovic, G. Stojanović
This is the first report on the GC-MS profile of the ether-soluble fraction (ESF) of the methanol extract of the lichen Ramalina capitata (Ach.) Nyl . ( Ramalinaceae ). The profile was dominated by orcinol (22.9 %) and its monomethyl ether (30.9 %), which accounted for more than a half of the GC-MS analyzable fraction of ESF. Significantly lower amounts of structurally related sparassol (5.8%) and atraric acid (0.9 %) were also detected. Additionally, ESF contained methyl linoleate, methyl linolenate and methyl palmitate (17.3 %, 7.3 % and 5.0 %, respectively). GC-MS ANALIZA EKSTRAKTA LISAJA RAMALINA CAPITATA (ACH.) NYL. GC-MS profil etarske frakcije (EF) metanolnog ekstrakta lisaja Ramalina capitata (Ach.) Nyl. ( Ramalinaceae ) , predstavljen je po prvi put. GC-MS profilom su dominirali orcinol (22,9%) i njegov derivat – orcinol monometil etar (30,9%), koji su zajedno sacinjavali polovinu EF isparljive/stabilne pod uslovima GC-MS analize. U znacajno manjoj kolicini su detektovani sparasol (5,8%) i atrarna kiselina (0,9%). Takođe, EF je sadržavao metil-linoleat, metil-linolenat i metil-palmitat (17,3%, 7,3% i 5,0%, redom). HIGHLIGHTS Chemical composition of the ether-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of Ramalina capitata was investigated by GC-MS for the first time. Eight compounds were identified representing 97.8%. The most abundant volatiles were orcinol (22.9%) and its monomethyl ether (30.9%). Methyl linoleate was found to be the major ester (17.3%) followed by methyl linolenate (7.3%) and methyl palmitate (5.1%).
本文首次报道了Ramalina capitata (Ach.)地衣甲醇提取物醚溶部分(ESF)的GC-MS谱。Nyl。(Ramalinaceae)。该图谱主要由orcinol(22.9%)及其单甲醚(30.9%)组成，占ESF GC-MS可分析组分的一半以上。结构相关的斯帕索尔(5.8%)和白屈酸(0.9%)的含量也显著降低。此外，ESF中亚油酸甲酯、亚麻酸甲酯和棕榈酸甲酯的含量分别为17.3%、7.3%和5.0%。金莲药材的气相色谱-质谱分析NYL。中国产白藜芦醇代谢菌(EF) GC-MS谱分析Nyl。(Ramalinaceae)， preprestavljen je po prvi put.)gc - ms profilom苏dominirali苔黑素(22日9%)我njegov derivat——苔黑素monometil etar(30、9%),koji苏zajedno sacinjavali polovinu EF isparljive / stabilne pod uslovima gc - ms分析。U znacajno manjoj kolicini su detektovani sparasol (5.8%) i trarna kiselina(0.9%)。Takođe, EF je sadržavao甲油酸，甲油酸，甲油酸，甲油酸，甲油酸，甲油酸，甲油酸，甲油酸(17.3%，7.3%，5.0%，自由)。首次采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术研究了Ramalina capitata甲醇提取物醚溶部分的化学成分。共鉴定出8个化合物，占97.8%。挥发物中含量最高的是邻苯二酚(22.9%)及其单甲醚(30.9%)。亚油酸甲酯为主要酯类(17.3%)，其次为亚麻酸甲酯(7.3%)和棕榈酸甲酯(5.1%)。
{"title":"GC-MS ANALYSIS OF RAMALINA CAPITATA (ACH.) NYL. EXTRACT","authors":"Ivana Zrnzević, I. Zlatanović, J. Lazarević, O. Jovanovic, G. Stojanović","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1502091Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1502091Z","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first report on the GC-MS profile of the ether-soluble fraction (ESF) of the methanol extract of the lichen Ramalina capitata (Ach.) Nyl . ( Ramalinaceae ). The profile was dominated by orcinol (22.9 %) and its monomethyl ether (30.9 %), which accounted for more than a half of the GC-MS analyzable fraction of ESF. Significantly lower amounts of structurally related sparassol (5.8%) and atraric acid (0.9 %) were also detected. Additionally, ESF contained methyl linoleate, methyl linolenate and methyl palmitate (17.3 %, 7.3 % and 5.0 %, respectively). GC-MS ANALIZA EKSTRAKTA LISAJA RAMALINA CAPITATA (ACH.) NYL. GC-MS profil etarske frakcije (EF) metanolnog ekstrakta lisaja Ramalina capitata (Ach.) Nyl. ( Ramalinaceae ) , predstavljen je po prvi put. GC-MS profilom su dominirali orcinol (22,9%) i njegov derivat – orcinol monometil etar (30,9%), koji su zajedno sacinjavali polovinu EF isparljive/stabilne pod uslovima GC-MS analize. U znacajno manjoj kolicini su detektovani sparasol (5,8%) i atrarna kiselina (0,9%). Takođe, EF je sadržavao metil-linoleat, metil-linolenat i metil-palmitat (17,3%, 7,3% i 5,0%, redom). HIGHLIGHTS Chemical composition of the ether-soluble fraction of the methanol extract of Ramalina capitata was investigated by GC-MS for the first time. Eight compounds were identified representing 97.8%. The most abundant volatiles were orcinol (22.9%) and its monomethyl ether (30.9%). Methyl linoleate was found to be the major ester (17.3%) followed by methyl linolenate (7.3%) and methyl palmitate (5.1%).","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"105 1","pages":"91-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79456136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Palic, D. J. Ickovski, S. Djordjevic, D. Mitic, P. V. Stankov-Jovanovic, S. Stojanovic
We report the total phenolic (TPC; expressed as gallic acid equivalents, GAE, per milligram of dry extract weight) and the total flavonoid contents (TFC; expressed as quercetin equivalents, QE, per milligram of dry extract weight) and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae) collected in Serbia. The total phenolic content was in the range of 129.43-388.29 μg GAE/mg, while TFC ranged from 57.81 to 160.94 QE/mg; the highest TPC and TFC were found in the methanol extract. The antimicrobial activity (against five bacteria and two fungi species) of the essential oil and solvent extracts was assessed using disc-diffusion method. However, the studied samples demonstrated a poor antimicrobial potential. The antioxidant activity was screened using five different tests: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical cation decolorization assay (ABTS), total reducing power (TRP), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay (CUPRAC); the methanol extract showed the strongest antioxidant potential. The results of the different antioxidant assays were correlated mutually and with the total flavonoid and total phenolic contents (regression analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering). ANTIOKSIDANTNA I ANTIMIKROBNA AKTIVNOST ETARSKOG ULJA I EKSTRAKATA BILJNE VRSTE MENTHA PULEGIUM L. U ovom radu je određen sadržaj ukupnih fenola (TPC; izražen u ekvivalentima galne kiseline, GAE, po miligramu suvog biljnog ekstrakta) i ukupnih flavonoida (TPC; izražen u ekvivalentima kvarcetina, QE, po miligramu suvog biljnog ekstrakta), kao i antimikrobna i antioksidantna aktivnost etarskog ulja i heksanskog, dietil-etarskog, etil-acetatnog i metanolnog ekstrakta biljne vrste Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae; populacija iz Srbije). Sadržaj ukupnih fenola analiziranih uzoraka se kretao u opsegu od 129,43 do 388,29 μg GAE/mg, dok je TFC bio u interval od 57,81 do 160,94 QE/mg; najvise vrednosti za TPC i TFC nađene su za metanolni ekstrakt. Antimikrobna aktivnost (prema pet bakterijskih i dva soja gljivica) etarskog ulja i ekstrakata je određena disk-difuzionom metodom. Proucavani uzorci su imali slabu antimikrobnu aktivnost. Antioksidantna aktivnost je ispitivana pomocu DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil radikal), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotijazolin-6-sulfonska kiselina radikal katjon), TRP (ukupna redukciona sposobnost), FRAP (sposobnost redukcije feri-jona) i CUPRAC (sposobnost redukcije Cu(II)-jona) metodama; najvisi antioksidantni potencijal je imao metanolni ekstrakt. Rezultati razlicitih metoda za određivanje antioksidantnog potencijala su korelisani međusobno, kao i sa sadržajem ukupnih fenola i flavonoida (regresiona analiza i aglomerativna hijerarhijska klaster analiza). HIGHLIGHTS The essential oil and hexane, diethyl ether,
我们报告了总酚(TPC;以没食子酸当量(GAE，每毫克干提取物重量)和总黄酮含量(TFC;表示为槲皮素当量，QE，每毫克干提取物重量)和在塞尔维亚采集的薄荷精油和己烷、乙醚、乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物的抗菌和抗氧化活性。总酚含量为129.43 ~ 388.29 μ GAE/mg, TFC含量为57.81 ~ 160.94 QE/mg;甲醇提取物中TPC和TFC含量最高。采用圆盘扩散法测定了挥发油和溶剂提取物对5种细菌和2种真菌的抑菌活性。然而，所研究的样品显示出较差的抗菌潜力。采用2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶肼基自由基清除试验(DPPH)、2,2'-氮基-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸自由基阳离子脱色试验(ABTS)、总还原能力(TRP)、铁还原抗氧化能力(FRAP)和铜还原抗氧化能力(CUPRAC)等5项试验筛选其抗氧化活性;甲醇提取物的抗氧化能力最强。不同抗氧化指标的测定结果与总黄酮和总酚含量之间存在相关性(回归分析和聚类层次聚类)。anti - oksidantna I anti - ikrobna AKTIVNOST ETARSKOG ULJA I EKSTRAKATA BILJNE VRSTE MENTHA PULEGIUM L. U from radu je određen sadržaj ukupnih fenola (TPC;izražen、黄酮类化合物、黄酮类化合物、黄酮类化合物(TPC);izražen . uevivalentima kvarticina, QE, po miligramu suvog biljnog ekstrakta)， kao i antimikrobna i antioksidantna aktivnost etarskog ulja i heksanskog, dietil-etarskog, etil-acetatnog i metolnog ekstrakta biljne vrste Mentha puletium L. (Lamiaceae);populacija iz Srbije)。Sadržaj ukupnih fenola analiziranih uzoraka se kretao u opsegu od 129、43做388、29 μg GAE/mg, dok je TFC bio u interval od 57、81做160、94 QE/mg;najvise vrednosti za TPC i TFC nađene su za metanolni ekstrk。Antimikrobna aktivnost (prema宠物bakterijskih我dva大豆gljivica) etarskog ulja我ekstrakata我određena disk-difuzionom metodom。Proucavani uzorci su imali slabu antiikrobnu aktivnost。DPPH(2,2-二苯二酚-1-吡唑肼自由基)、ABTS(2,2'-氮基-二(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺胺基基基自由基)、TRP (ukupna redukciona sposobnost)、FRAP (sposobnost redukcije feri-jona)、CUPRAC (sposobnost redukcije Cu(II)-jona) mettodama;Najvisi抗氧化剂具有潜在的抗代谢作用。Rezultati razliicih metoda za određivanje抗黄酮类化合物potenticijala su korelisani međusobno, kaoi sa sadržajem ukupnih fenola i flavonoids(回归分析与聚集分析)。重点对采自塞尔维亚的薄荷精油、己烷、乙醚、乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物进行了研究。总酚含量为129.43 ~ 388.29 μ GAE/mg，总黄酮含量为57.81 ~ 160.94 QE/mg。溶剂提取物(SE)和挥发油的抗菌效果较差。采用五种不同的方法对SE的抗氧化活性进行了研究。上述结果的差异表明，羊肠分枝杆菌的代谢谱可能受到遗传和环境因素的双重影响。
{"title":"ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL AND SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF MENTHA PULEGIUM L.","authors":"R. Palic, D. J. Ickovski, S. Djordjevic, D. Mitic, P. V. Stankov-Jovanovic, S. Stojanovic","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1502109P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1502109P","url":null,"abstract":"We report the total phenolic (TPC; expressed as gallic acid equivalents, GAE, per milligram of dry extract weight) and the total flavonoid contents (TFC; expressed as quercetin equivalents, QE, per milligram of dry extract weight) and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae) collected in Serbia. The total phenolic content was in the range of 129.43-388.29 μg GAE/mg, while TFC ranged from 57.81 to 160.94 QE/mg; the highest TPC and TFC were found in the methanol extract. The antimicrobial activity (against five bacteria and two fungi species) of the essential oil and solvent extracts was assessed using disc-diffusion method. However, the studied samples demonstrated a poor antimicrobial potential. The antioxidant activity was screened using five different tests: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical cation decolorization assay (ABTS), total reducing power (TRP), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assay (CUPRAC); the methanol extract showed the strongest antioxidant potential. The results of the different antioxidant assays were correlated mutually and with the total flavonoid and total phenolic contents (regression analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering). ANTIOKSIDANTNA I ANTIMIKROBNA AKTIVNOST ETARSKOG ULJA I EKSTRAKATA BILJNE VRSTE MENTHA PULEGIUM L. U ovom radu je određen sadržaj ukupnih fenola (TPC; izražen u ekvivalentima galne kiseline, GAE, po miligramu suvog biljnog ekstrakta) i ukupnih flavonoida (TPC; izražen u ekvivalentima kvarcetina, QE, po miligramu suvog biljnog ekstrakta), kao i antimikrobna i antioksidantna aktivnost etarskog ulja i heksanskog, dietil-etarskog, etil-acetatnog i metanolnog ekstrakta biljne vrste Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae; populacija iz Srbije). Sadržaj ukupnih fenola analiziranih uzoraka se kretao u opsegu od 129,43 do 388,29 μg GAE/mg, dok je TFC bio u interval od 57,81 do 160,94 QE/mg; najvise vrednosti za TPC i TFC nađene su za metanolni ekstrakt. Antimikrobna aktivnost (prema pet bakterijskih i dva soja gljivica) etarskog ulja i ekstrakata je određena disk-difuzionom metodom. Proucavani uzorci su imali slabu antimikrobnu aktivnost. Antioksidantna aktivnost je ispitivana pomocu DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil radikal), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotijazolin-6-sulfonska kiselina radikal katjon), TRP (ukupna redukciona sposobnost), FRAP (sposobnost redukcije feri-jona) i CUPRAC (sposobnost redukcije Cu(II)-jona) metodama; najvisi antioksidantni potencijal je imao metanolni ekstrakt. Rezultati razlicitih metoda za određivanje antioksidantnog potencijala su korelisani međusobno, kao i sa sadržajem ukupnih fenola i flavonoida (regresiona analiza i aglomerativna hijerarhijska klaster analiza). HIGHLIGHTS The essential oil and hexane, diethyl ether, ","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73221805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jelena Stamenković, Ivana R. Radojković, G. Petrovic, G. Stojanović, A. Đorđević
Differences in the headspace volatile profiles (HS) of fresh and air-dried fruits, stems and aerial parts of Chaerophyllum aureum L. (Apiaceae) were studied here for the first time using HS-GC-MS (head space – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry). This was done in order to probe to which level HS volatiles of different plant organs were susceptible to air drying. The most dominant headspace volatiles of all samples were monoterpene hydrocarbons. Sabinene was the major volatile of the fresh aerial parts, air-dried fruits, fresh and air-dried stems, representing 47.8%, 31.4%, 67.7% and 73.0% of the total volatiles, respectively. The most abundant headspace volatiles of the fresh fruits were terpinolene (45.3%), γ-terpinene (13.1%) and β-pinene (10.2%). The air-dried aerial parts were characterized by a high amount of limonene (69.0%). The results of HS-GC-MS were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis in order to get a better insight into the similarities/dissimilarities existing between the investigated samples. According to the results of multivariate analysis, the drying process significantly influenced HS volatiles. ISPARLJIVI SASTOJCI BILJNE VRSTE CHAEROPHYLLUM AUREUM L. U ovom radu su, po prvi put, ispitane razlike u headspace profilima (HS) svežih i na vazduhu susenih plodova, stabljika i nadzemnih delova biljne vrste Chaerophyllum aureum L (Apiaceae) pomocu metode HS-GC-MS (headspace – gasna hromatografija – masena spektrometrija). Na osnovu ovih rezultata moglo bi se utvrditi do koliko intenzivnih promena u HS profilima razlicitih delova biljke može doci usled susenja biljnog materijala. U svim uzorcima su dominantni headspace isparljivi sastojci bili monoterpeni. Utvrđeno je da je sabinen bio glavni isparljivi sastojak svežeg nadzemnog dela (47,8%), suvog ploda (31,4%), svežeg (67,7%) i suvog stabla (73,0%). Kao glavni isparljivi sastojci svežeg ploda nađeni su terpinolen (45,3%), γ-terpinen (13,1%) i β-pinen (10,2%), dok je suvi nadzemni deo bio okarakterisan znacajno vecom zastupljenoscu limonena (69,0%). Rezultati HS-GC-MS analize su podvrgnuti multivarijantnoj statistickoj analizi kako bi se dobio bolji uvid u slicnosti/razlike među razmatranim uzorcima. Na osnovu rezultata multivarijantne analize sledi da susenje u velikoj meri utice na HS profil. HIGHLIGHTS Headspace (HS) profiles (percentage compositions) of different parts of Chaerophyllum aureum L. were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. In all samples, fresh and dry, the most dominant headspace volatiles were monoterpene hydrocarbons. Sabinene was the most abundant volatile of the fresh aerial parts, air-dried fruits, fresh and air-dried stems. The main headspace volatile compound of the fresh fruits was terpinolene while limonene was the major volatile of the air-dried aerial parts.
本文首次采用顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用技术研究了金毛蕨(Chaerophyllum aureum L.， Apiaceae)鲜果和风干果实、茎和地上部分的顶空挥发谱(HS)差异。为了探讨不同植物器官HS挥发物对风干的易感程度。所有样品中最主要的顶空挥发物是单萜烃。鲜地部、风干果、鲜干和风干茎的挥发物主要为沙宾烯，分别占总挥发物的47.8%、31.4%、67.7%和73.0%。鲜果顶空挥发物含量最高的是松油烯(45.3%)、γ-松油烯(13.1%)和β-松油烯(10.2%)。空气干燥后，柠檬烯含量较高(69.0%)。为了更好地了解所调查样品之间存在的异同点，对HS-GC-MS结果进行了多元统计分析。多因素分析结果表明，干燥过程对HS挥发物有显著影响。ispareljivi SASTOJCI BILJNE VRSTE CHAEROPHYLLUM AUREUM L. U从radu su, po prvi put, ispitane razlike U顶空剖面(HS) svežih i na vazduhu susenih plodova，建立了jjka i nadzemnih delova BILJNE VRSTE CHAEROPHYLLUM AUREUM L (Apiaceae) pomocu方法HS- gc - ms(顶空-气相色谱- masena光谱)。在此基础上，提出了一种新型的高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度、高强度的材料。U - svim - zorcima在顶空中占主导地位。Utvrđeno je da je sabinen bio glavni isparljivi sastojak svežeg nadzemnog dela (47.8%)， suvog ploda (31.4%)， svežeg (67.7%) i suvog stabla(73.3%)。Kao glavni isparljivi sastojci svežeg ploda nađeni su terpinolen (45.3%)， γ-terpinen (13.1%) i β-pinen (10.2%)， dok je suvi nadzemni deo bio okarakterisan znacajno vecom zastupljenoscu limonena(69.0%)。结果:采用HS-GC-MS对样品进行了多变量统计分析，并对样品样品进行了分析。采用多变量分析方法，分析了基于HS剖面的大样本数据。对金色毛藻(Chaerophyllum aureum L.)不同部位的顶空(HS)谱(百分比组成)进行了多元统计分析。在所有新鲜和干燥的样品中，最主要的顶空挥发物是单萜烃。沙宾果在新鲜空气部分、风干果实、新鲜空气干茎中挥发物含量最高。新鲜果实的顶空挥发性成分主要为萜烯，而空气干燥部分的顶空挥发性成分主要为柠檬烯。
{"title":"Headspace volatiles of Chaerophyllum aureum L.","authors":"Jelena Stamenković, Ivana R. Radojković, G. Petrovic, G. Stojanović, A. Đorđević","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1502133S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1502133S","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in the headspace volatile profiles (HS) of fresh and air-dried fruits, stems and aerial parts of Chaerophyllum aureum L. (Apiaceae) were studied here for the first time using HS-GC-MS (head space – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry). This was done in order to probe to which level HS volatiles of different plant organs were susceptible to air drying. The most dominant headspace volatiles of all samples were monoterpene hydrocarbons. Sabinene was the major volatile of the fresh aerial parts, air-dried fruits, fresh and air-dried stems, representing 47.8%, 31.4%, 67.7% and 73.0% of the total volatiles, respectively. The most abundant headspace volatiles of the fresh fruits were terpinolene (45.3%), γ-terpinene (13.1%) and β-pinene (10.2%). The air-dried aerial parts were characterized by a high amount of limonene (69.0%). The results of HS-GC-MS were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis in order to get a better insight into the similarities/dissimilarities existing between the investigated samples. According to the results of multivariate analysis, the drying process significantly influenced HS volatiles. ISPARLJIVI SASTOJCI BILJNE VRSTE CHAEROPHYLLUM AUREUM L. U ovom radu su, po prvi put, ispitane razlike u headspace profilima (HS) svežih i na vazduhu susenih plodova, stabljika i nadzemnih delova biljne vrste Chaerophyllum aureum L (Apiaceae) pomocu metode HS-GC-MS (headspace – gasna hromatografija – masena spektrometrija). Na osnovu ovih rezultata moglo bi se utvrditi do koliko intenzivnih promena u HS profilima razlicitih delova biljke može doci usled susenja biljnog materijala. U svim uzorcima su dominantni headspace isparljivi sastojci bili monoterpeni. Utvrđeno je da je sabinen bio glavni isparljivi sastojak svežeg nadzemnog dela (47,8%), suvog ploda (31,4%), svežeg (67,7%) i suvog stabla (73,0%). Kao glavni isparljivi sastojci svežeg ploda nađeni su terpinolen (45,3%), γ-terpinen (13,1%) i β-pinen (10,2%), dok je suvi nadzemni deo bio okarakterisan znacajno vecom zastupljenoscu limonena (69,0%). Rezultati HS-GC-MS analize su podvrgnuti multivarijantnoj statistickoj analizi kako bi se dobio bolji uvid u slicnosti/razlike među razmatranim uzorcima. Na osnovu rezultata multivarijantne analize sledi da susenje u velikoj meri utice na HS profil. HIGHLIGHTS Headspace (HS) profiles (percentage compositions) of different parts of Chaerophyllum aureum L. were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. In all samples, fresh and dry, the most dominant headspace volatiles were monoterpene hydrocarbons. Sabinene was the most abundant volatile of the fresh aerial parts, air-dried fruits, fresh and air-dried stems. The main headspace volatile compound of the fresh fruits was terpinolene while limonene was the major volatile of the air-dried aerial parts.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"57 1","pages":"133-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85621256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to mutually compare the chemical compositions of epicuticular waxes of two different Sedum rupestre ssp. rupestre plant material samples. These were collected during the post fructification vegetative stage from the wild-growing (NH) and cultivated populations (HH). Epicuticular waxes (isolated in the form of hexane washings of leaves and stems) were analyzed using GC-MS, GC-FID and 1D- ( 1 H, 13 C) and 2D-NMR analyses. The epicuticular wax of both samples consisted of only two alkanes and one triterpene: hentriacontane (2.9 and 4.7% in NH and HH samples, respectively), tritriacontane (31.8 and 41.3% in NH and HH samples, respectively) and germanicyl formate (61.1 and 50.5% in NH and HH samples, respectively). Based on the obtained results, it seems that the type of habitat (natural or horticultural) does not affect the qualitative but only the quantitative composition of S. rupestre ssp. rupestre epicuticular waxes. HEMIJSKI SASTAV EPIKUTIKULARNOG VOSKA BILJNE VRSTE SEDUM RUPESTRE L. SSP. RUPESTRE : HORTIKULTURNO I PRIRODNO STANISTE Cilj istraživanja je bio određivanje i upoređivanje hemijskog sastava epikutikularnih voskova dva uzorka vrste S.rupestre ssp. rupestre u vegetativnoj fazi nakon plodonosenja sa razlicitih lokaliteta i razlicitih uslova stanista (prirodni, NH, i hortikulturni uslovi, HH). GC-MS, GC-FID i 1D- ( 1 H i 13 C) i 2D-NMR analize su koriscene radi identifikacije i kvantifikacije sastojaka epikutikularnih voskova izolovanih u obliku heksanskih ispiraka listova i stabla. Oba uzorka su sadržala hentriakontan (NH 2,9% i HH 3,4 %), tritriakontan (NH 31,8% i HH 41,3%) i triterpen germanicil-formijat (NH 61,1% i HH 50,5%). Upoređivanjem dobijenih rezultata opaža se da uslovi stanista ne uticu na kvalitativni sastav, ali da postoji razlika u kvantitativnom sastavu epikutikularnih voskova biljne vrste S.rupestre ssp. rupestre . HIGHLIGHTS A comparative analysis of cuticular waxes composition of two Sedum rupestre ssp. rupestre samples was achieved. The major components of both samples (natural habitat, NH and horticulture, HH) were: hentriacontane (C 31 ), tritriacontane (C 33 ) and germanicyl formate (GM). The germanicyl formate structure was determined from the analysis of MS, 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra. Both samples were quite similar in qualitative composition, NH and HH: C 31 (2.9% and 4.72%), C 33 (31.76% and 41.32%) and GM (61.09% and 50.54%). There was a discrepancy in the percentage representation of the main components.
本研究的目的是相互比较两种不同的景天属植物表皮蜡的化学成分。Rupestre植物材料样品。这些是在结果期后营养阶段从野生种群(NH)和栽培种群(HH)中收集的。通过GC-MS、GC-FID、1D- (1 H, 13 C)和2D-NMR分析，对表皮蜡质(以己烷洗涤叶和茎的形式分离)进行了分析。两种样品的表皮蜡仅由两种烷烃和一种三萜组成:十六正康烷(NH和HH样品中分别为2.9和4.7%)、三正康烷(NH和HH样品中分别为31.8和41.3%)和甲酸德国酯(NH和HH样品中分别为61.1和50.5%)。从研究结果来看，生境类型(自然生境或园艺生境)对芦笋的质量组成没有影响，只对其数量组成有影响。鲁佩斯特特蜡。海棠属植物，叶黄素属植物，叶黄素属植物。RUPESTRE: HORTIKULTURNO I PRIRODNO STANISTE Cilj istraživanja je bio određivanje I upoređivanje hemijskog sastava epikutikularnih voskova dva uzorka vrste S.rupestre ssp。植物栽培的研究进展[j]; [j]; [j]; [j];GC-MS、GC-FID、1D- (1h - 13c)、2D-NMR分析了三种不同种类的菊科植物(kvantifikkacije sastojaka epikutikularnih voskova izolovanh和obliku heksanskih ispiraka listova i stabla)。Oba uzorka su sadržala hentriakontan (nh2,9% - HH 3,4 %)， tritriakontan (nh31,8% - HH 41,3%)和三萜德国甲醛(nh61,1% - HH 50,5%)。Upoređivanjem dobijenih rezultata opaža se da uslovi stansta ne uticu kitalatinisastav, ali da postoji razlika u katiatinisastavu epikutikularnih voskova biljne vrste s.rupesteresp。rupestre。【摘要】两种景天属植物表皮蜡质成分的比较分析。获得了Rupestre样品。两种样品(自然生境样品NH和园艺样品HH)的主要成分分别为:三三康烷(c31)、三三康烷(c33)和甲酸德国酯(GM)。通过质谱、氢谱和核磁共振13c谱分析确定了合成产物的结构。两种样品的定性组成非常相似，nh3和HH: c31(分别为2.9%和4.72%)、c33(分别为31.76%和41.32%)和GM(分别为61.09%和50.54%)。主要组成部分的百分比代表不一致。
{"title":"THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEDUM RUPESTRE L. SSP. RUPESTRE EPICUTICULAR WAXES: HORTICULTURAL VERSUS THE NATURAL PLANT HABITAT","authors":"S. Jovanovic, B. Zlatković, G. Stojanović","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1502077J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1502077J","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to mutually compare the chemical compositions of epicuticular waxes of two different Sedum rupestre ssp. rupestre plant material samples. These were collected during the post fructification vegetative stage from the wild-growing (NH) and cultivated populations (HH). Epicuticular waxes (isolated in the form of hexane washings of leaves and stems) were analyzed using GC-MS, GC-FID and 1D- ( 1 H, 13 C) and 2D-NMR analyses. The epicuticular wax of both samples consisted of only two alkanes and one triterpene: hentriacontane (2.9 and 4.7% in NH and HH samples, respectively), tritriacontane (31.8 and 41.3% in NH and HH samples, respectively) and germanicyl formate (61.1 and 50.5% in NH and HH samples, respectively). Based on the obtained results, it seems that the type of habitat (natural or horticultural) does not affect the qualitative but only the quantitative composition of S. rupestre ssp. rupestre epicuticular waxes. HEMIJSKI SASTAV EPIKUTIKULARNOG VOSKA BILJNE VRSTE SEDUM RUPESTRE L. SSP. RUPESTRE : HORTIKULTURNO I PRIRODNO STANISTE Cilj istraživanja je bio određivanje i upoređivanje hemijskog sastava epikutikularnih voskova dva uzorka vrste S.rupestre ssp. rupestre u vegetativnoj fazi nakon plodonosenja sa razlicitih lokaliteta i razlicitih uslova stanista (prirodni, NH, i hortikulturni uslovi, HH). GC-MS, GC-FID i 1D- ( 1 H i 13 C) i 2D-NMR analize su koriscene radi identifikacije i kvantifikacije sastojaka epikutikularnih voskova izolovanih u obliku heksanskih ispiraka listova i stabla. Oba uzorka su sadržala hentriakontan (NH 2,9% i HH 3,4 %), tritriakontan (NH 31,8% i HH 41,3%) i triterpen germanicil-formijat (NH 61,1% i HH 50,5%). Upoređivanjem dobijenih rezultata opaža se da uslovi stanista ne uticu na kvalitativni sastav, ali da postoji razlika u kvantitativnom sastavu epikutikularnih voskova biljne vrste S.rupestre ssp. rupestre . HIGHLIGHTS A comparative analysis of cuticular waxes composition of two Sedum rupestre ssp. rupestre samples was achieved. The major components of both samples (natural habitat, NH and horticulture, HH) were: hentriacontane (C 31 ), tritriacontane (C 33 ) and germanicyl formate (GM). The germanicyl formate structure was determined from the analysis of MS, 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra. Both samples were quite similar in qualitative composition, NH and HH: C 31 (2.9% and 4.72%), C 33 (31.76% and 41.32%) and GM (61.09% and 50.54%). There was a discrepancy in the percentage representation of the main components.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85659452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The samples of fruits of the grapevine ( Vitis vinifera , cultivar Tamjanika) and the peach tree ( Prunus persica L. Batech ) from the Bor region were analyzed using an ICP-OES to determine the content of iron (Fe). This was done in order to assess possible health risks related to this essential element; the region of Bor’s municipality is known as one of the most polluted areas in Serbia. The content of Fe in unwashed grapes seems not to be affected by the mining/metallurgical activities, as it was either in the normal concentration range or was at even lower than critical deficiency concentration in plants (21.8-98 mg/kg). The level of Fe in the samples of peaches ranged from 62.4 to 1418 mg/kg, which is much higher than that in grape samples and in one case, even higher than the phytotoxic threshold. The values of the enrichment factor (EF) were lower than 2 in the case of grape samples, while for peach samples, these values ranged from rather low (0.99) to extremely high (22.66). Based on the herein obtained results, in the region of Bor, it seems that the cultivation of grapevine should be favored over the cultivation of peach trees. SADRŽAJ GVOŽĐA U PLODOVIMA VINOVe LOZe I BRESKVE KOJE RASTU U BLIZINI RUDARSKO-TOPIONICARSKOG KOMPLEKSA BOR, ISTOCNA SRBIJA Uzorci plodova vinove loze ( Vitis vinifera , sorta Tamjanika) i vinogradarske breskve ( Prunus persica L. Batech) iz regiona Bora su analizirani metodom ICP-OES, kako bi se odredio sadržaj gvožđa (Fe). Analize su vrsene da bi se procenio moguci zdravstveni rizik povezan sa ovim esencijalnim elementom; poznato je da je region Borske opstine jedan od najzagađenijih predela u Srbiji. Cini se da rudarsko-metalurske aktivnosti ne uticu na sadržaj Fe kod vinove loze, jer je isti bio ili u okviru koncentracija normalnih za vecinu biljaka ili cak niži od kriticne koncentracije deficijencije (21.8-98 mg/kg). Koncentracija Fe u uzorcima breskve je bila u opsegu od 62.4-1418 mg/kg, sto je mnogo vise nego u uzorcima grožđa i u jednom slucaju cak iznad granice fitotoksicnosti. Vrednosti faktora obogacenja bile su manje od 2 u slucaju uzoraka grožđa, dok su se kod uzoraka breskve ove vrednosti kretale od niskih (0,99) do ekstremno visokih (22,66). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, u borskom regionu, cini se da bi se trebalo forsirati uzgoj grožđa u odnosu na uzgoj breskve. HIGHLIGHTS Iron (Fe) represents one of the key constituents of particulate matter originating from the copper smelter plant in Bor. The influence of anthropogenic activities on the Fe content in the investigated fruits was more obvious and more considerable in the case of peach samples. The concentration of Fe in peach samples was much higher than in grapes, and in one case even higher than the phytotoxic threshold. The content of Fe in grapes was in the range of normal concentrations in plants or, in many cases, lower than the critical deficiency concentration.
采用ICP-OES对产自博尔地区的葡萄(Vitis vinifera，栽培品种Tamjanika)和桃树(Prunus persica L. Batech)果实进行了铁(Fe)含量测定。这样做是为了评估与这一基本要素有关的可能的健康风险;博尔市被认为是塞尔维亚污染最严重的地区之一。未洗葡萄中铁的含量似乎不受采矿/冶金活动的影响，要么在正常浓度范围内，要么甚至低于植株的临界缺铁浓度(21.8 ~ 98 mg/kg)。水蜜桃样品中铁含量在62.4 ~ 1418 mg/kg之间，远高于葡萄样品中的铁含量，有一次甚至超过了植物毒性阈值。葡萄样品的富集因子(EF)小于2，而桃样品的富集因子(EF)从相当低(0.99)到极高(22.66)不等。根据所得结果，在博尔地区，种植葡萄藤似乎比种植桃树更受青睐。SADRŽAJ GVOŽĐA U PLODOVIMA VINOVe LOZe I BRESKVE KOJE RASTU U BLIZINI RUDARSKO-TOPIONICARSKOG KOMPLEKSA BOR, ISTOCNA SRBIJA Uzorci plodova VINOVe LOZe (Vitis vinifera, sorta Tamjanika) I vinogradarskke brekve (Prunus persica L. Batech) iz regiona Bora su analizirani metodom ICP-OES, kako bi se odredio sadržaj gvožđa (Fe)。利用聚类分析方法，分析了基于聚类分析的聚类数据。poznato jeda je region Borske opstine jedanod najzagađenijih predela u Srbiji。中国生物化学研究所(cda da rudarsko-metalurske aktivnosti ne uticna sadržaj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)，中国生物化学研究所(jj)。Koncentracija Fe - u - uzorcima脆皮菌素的含量为62.4-1418 mg/kg，为62.4-1418 mg/kg，为62.4-1418 mg/kg，为62.4-1418 mg/kg。Vrednosti faktora obogacenja bile su manje od 2 u slucaju uzoraka grožđa, dok su se kod uzoraka brebreve ve Vrednosti kretale od niskih (0,99) do ekstremno visokih(22,66)。Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, u borskom regionu, cini se da bi se trebalo forsirati uzgoj grožđa u odnosu Na uzgoj breresve。铁(Fe)是来自博尔铜冶炼厂的颗粒物的关键成分之一。人为活动对所调查果实中铁含量的影响以桃为例更为明显和可观。桃子样品中的铁浓度远高于葡萄，有一次甚至高于植物毒性阈值。葡萄中的铁含量在植物正常浓度范围内，或在许多情况下低于临界缺铁浓度。
{"title":"Iron content in the fruits of the grapevines and peach trees growing near the mining and smelting complex Bor, east Serbia","authors":"S. Tošić, M. Dimitrijević, M. Nujkić","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1502099A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1502099A","url":null,"abstract":"The samples of fruits of the grapevine ( Vitis vinifera , cultivar Tamjanika) and the peach tree ( Prunus persica L. Batech ) from the Bor region were analyzed using an ICP-OES to determine the content of iron (Fe). This was done in order to assess possible health risks related to this essential element; the region of Bor’s municipality is known as one of the most polluted areas in Serbia. The content of Fe in unwashed grapes seems not to be affected by the mining/metallurgical activities, as it was either in the normal concentration range or was at even lower than critical deficiency concentration in plants (21.8-98 mg/kg). The level of Fe in the samples of peaches ranged from 62.4 to 1418 mg/kg, which is much higher than that in grape samples and in one case, even higher than the phytotoxic threshold. The values of the enrichment factor (EF) were lower than 2 in the case of grape samples, while for peach samples, these values ranged from rather low (0.99) to extremely high (22.66). Based on the herein obtained results, in the region of Bor, it seems that the cultivation of grapevine should be favored over the cultivation of peach trees. SADRŽAJ GVOŽĐA U PLODOVIMA VINOVe LOZe I BRESKVE KOJE RASTU U BLIZINI RUDARSKO-TOPIONICARSKOG KOMPLEKSA BOR, ISTOCNA SRBIJA Uzorci plodova vinove loze ( Vitis vinifera , sorta Tamjanika) i vinogradarske breskve ( Prunus persica L. Batech) iz regiona Bora su analizirani metodom ICP-OES, kako bi se odredio sadržaj gvožđa (Fe). Analize su vrsene da bi se procenio moguci zdravstveni rizik povezan sa ovim esencijalnim elementom; poznato je da je region Borske opstine jedan od najzagađenijih predela u Srbiji. Cini se da rudarsko-metalurske aktivnosti ne uticu na sadržaj Fe kod vinove loze, jer je isti bio ili u okviru koncentracija normalnih za vecinu biljaka ili cak niži od kriticne koncentracije deficijencije (21.8-98 mg/kg). Koncentracija Fe u uzorcima breskve je bila u opsegu od 62.4-1418 mg/kg, sto je mnogo vise nego u uzorcima grožđa i u jednom slucaju cak iznad granice fitotoksicnosti. Vrednosti faktora obogacenja bile su manje od 2 u slucaju uzoraka grožđa, dok su se kod uzoraka breskve ove vrednosti kretale od niskih (0,99) do ekstremno visokih (22,66). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, u borskom regionu, cini se da bi se trebalo forsirati uzgoj grožđa u odnosu na uzgoj breskve. HIGHLIGHTS Iron (Fe) represents one of the key constituents of particulate matter originating from the copper smelter plant in Bor. The influence of anthropogenic activities on the Fe content in the investigated fruits was more obvious and more considerable in the case of peach samples. The concentration of Fe in peach samples was much higher than in grapes, and in one case even higher than the phytotoxic threshold. The content of Fe in grapes was in the range of normal concentrations in plants or, in many cases, lower than the critical deficiency concentration.","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"99-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79228209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The behavior of commercial power Vertical-Double-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (VDMOSFETs) during gamma-ray irradiation and subsequent annealing at room and elevated temperature was investigated. The densities of radiation-induced fixed traps and switching traps were determined from the sub-threshold I-V curves using the midgap technique. It was shown that the creation of fixed traps dominated during irradiation. The experimental results have also proved the existence of latent switching traps buildup process during annealing at an elevated temperature. This increase correlated with the decrease in fixed trap density. Physical and chemical processes responsible for the threshold voltage shift during irradiation have been analyzed on the basis of interactions between secondary electrons released by gamma photons with covalent bonds and . H-W model has been used for the explanation of processes leading to latent switching traps buildup at an elevated temperature and its passivation at late annealing times. FIZICKO-HEMIJSKI PROCESI U VDMOSFET-u IZAZVANI GAMA-ZRACENJEM I OPORAVKOM POSLE ZRACENJA Istraživano je ponasanje snažnih VDMOSFET-a za vreme ozracivanja gama zracenjem i kasnijeg oporavka na sobnoj i povisenoj temperaturi. Gustine defekata u oksidu i na međupovrsini su određivane iz predpragovske karakteristike koriscenjem midgap metode. Eksperimentalni rezultati su potvrdili postojanje latentnog porasta povrsinskih stanja na Si-SiO 2 međupovrsini koji se stvaraju za vreme oporavka na povisenoj temperaturi. Njihov porast je pracen smanjenjem zahvacenog naelektrisanja u oksidu. Fizicko-hemijski procesi koji dovode do promene napona praga za vreme zracenja su analizirani na osnovu interakcija između sekundarnih elektrona, oslobođenih gama fotonima i kovalentnih Si o – O i Si o – Si o veza. H-W model je koriscen za objasnjenje procesa koji dovode do pojave latentnog porasta povrsinskih stanja na Si-SiO 2 međupovrsini na povisenoj temperaturi kao i njihove pasivizacije tokom kasnijeg oporavka. HIGHLIGHTS Herein, the commercial power Vertical-Double-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (VDMOSFETs) was studied VDMOSFETs behavior during gamma-ray irradiation and subsequent annealing at room and elevated temperatures was investigated The creation of fixed traps dominated subject to irradiation Latent switching traps buildup process existed during the annealing at elevated temperatures H-W model explains processes leading to latent switching traps buildup at elevated temperatures and its passivation at late annealing times
研究了商用功率垂直双扩散金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(vdmosfet)在伽玛射线辐照和室温及高温退火过程中的行为。利用中隙技术从亚阈值I-V曲线上确定了辐射诱导的固定陷阱和开关陷阱的密度。结果表明，固定陷阱的产生在辐照过程中占主导地位。实验结果还证明了在高温退火过程中存在潜在开关陷阱的形成过程。这种增加与固定捕集器密度的减少有关。根据伽马光子释放的具有共价键的二次电子与电子之间的相互作用，分析了辐照过程中引起阈值电压位移的物理和化学过程。H-W模型用于解释高温下潜在开关陷阱的形成及其在退火后期的钝化过程。VDMOSFET-a - zracenjem I OPORAVKOM POSLE ZRACENJA Istraživano je ponasanje snažnih VDMOSFET-a za vreme ozracivanja gamma zracenjem I kasnijeg oporavka na sobnoj I povisenjej温度。Gustine defkata u oksidu i na međupovrsini su određivane iz predpragovske karakteristike koriscenjem中缝方法。实验结果表明，在不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下，不同温度条件下。Njihov porast是什么意思:我的意思是:我的意思是:我的意思是我的意思是我的意思。Fizicko-hemijski进程koji dovode promene napona praga za vreme zracenja su analyizizani na osnovu interakcija između sekundarnih electronics, oslobođenih gama fotonima kovalentniza Si o- o Si o- Si o- Si o veza。H-W模型je korisen za objasnjenje process koji dovode do pojave latent porasta povrsinskih stanja na si - sio2 međupovrsini na povisenj temperature kao i njihove passivizacje tokom kasnijeg oporavka。突出了,研究了商业功率垂直双扩散金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(vdmosfet)在γ射线辐照和室温及高温退火过程中的行为，研究了受辐照支配的固定陷阱的产生，高温退火过程中存在潜在开关陷阱的形成过程，H-W模型解释了导致高温和高温下潜在开关陷阱形成的过程在退火时间较晚时的钝化
{"title":"PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN VERTICAL-DOUBLE-DIFFUSED METAL-OXIDE-SEMICONDUCTOR FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS INDUCED BY GAMMA-RAY IRRADIATION AND POST-IRRADIATION ANNEALING","authors":"M. Pejović","doi":"10.2298/FUPCT1501013P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/FUPCT1501013P","url":null,"abstract":"The behavior of commercial power Vertical-Double-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (VDMOSFETs) during gamma-ray irradiation and subsequent annealing at room and elevated temperature was investigated. The densities of radiation-induced fixed traps and switching traps were determined from the sub-threshold I-V curves using the midgap technique. It was shown that the creation of fixed traps dominated during irradiation. The experimental results have also proved the existence of latent switching traps buildup process during annealing at an elevated temperature. This increase correlated with the decrease in fixed trap density. Physical and chemical processes responsible for the threshold voltage shift during irradiation have been analyzed on the basis of interactions between secondary electrons released by gamma photons with covalent bonds and . H-W model has been used for the explanation of processes leading to latent switching traps buildup at an elevated temperature and its passivation at late annealing times. FIZICKO-HEMIJSKI PROCESI U VDMOSFET-u IZAZVANI GAMA-ZRACENJEM I OPORAVKOM POSLE ZRACENJA Istraživano je ponasanje snažnih VDMOSFET-a za vreme ozracivanja gama zracenjem i kasnijeg oporavka na sobnoj i povisenoj temperaturi. Gustine defekata u oksidu i na međupovrsini su određivane iz predpragovske karakteristike koriscenjem midgap metode. Eksperimentalni rezultati su potvrdili postojanje latentnog porasta povrsinskih stanja na Si-SiO 2 međupovrsini koji se stvaraju za vreme oporavka na povisenoj temperaturi. Njihov porast je pracen smanjenjem zahvacenog naelektrisanja u oksidu. Fizicko-hemijski procesi koji dovode do promene napona praga za vreme zracenja su analizirani na osnovu interakcija između sekundarnih elektrona, oslobođenih gama fotonima i kovalentnih Si o – O i Si o – Si o veza. H-W model je koriscen za objasnjenje procesa koji dovode do pojave latentnog porasta povrsinskih stanja na Si-SiO 2 međupovrsini na povisenoj temperaturi kao i njihove pasivizacije tokom kasnijeg oporavka. HIGHLIGHTS Herein, the commercial power Vertical-Double-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (VDMOSFETs) was studied VDMOSFETs behavior during gamma-ray irradiation and subsequent annealing at room and elevated temperatures was investigated The creation of fixed traps dominated subject to irradiation Latent switching traps buildup process existed during the annealing at elevated temperatures H-W model explains processes leading to latent switching traps buildup at elevated temperatures and its passivation at late annealing times","PeriodicalId":12248,"journal":{"name":"Facta Universitatis - Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"13-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84501452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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