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Microbial conversion of vegetable oils into surface-active di-, tri-, and tetrasaccharide lipids (biosurfactants) by the bacterial strain Tsukamurella spec. 微生物将植物油转化为具有表面活性的二糖、三糖和四糖脂(生物表面活性剂)。
Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199910)101:10<389::AID-LIPI389>3.0.CO;2-9
E. Vollbrecht, U. Rau, S. Lang
The vegetable oil utilizing bacterial strain Tsukamurella spec. (DSM 44370) growing on oleic acid rich sunflower oil was found to produce a mixture of oligosaccharide lipids. In addition to trehalose lipids (GL I) also trisaccharide (GL2) and tetrasaccharide lipids (GL 3) were detected. In submerged culture the tri- and tetrasaccharide lipids were overproduced during the stationary phase (nitrogen limitation) and excreted into the supernatant. In contrast, the trehalose lipids were synthesized growth-associated. As a result of bioreactor cultivations approximately 30g 1 -1 glycolipids were produced from 110 g 1 -1 sunflower oil. Interfacial properties of the crude product and the purified compounds were investigated. The surface tension of water was reduced to less than 30 mN m -1 and the interfacial tension water/n-hexadecane was lowered down to 5-10 mN m -1 , Moreover, the HLB values of the purified compounds were estimated to be between 8 and 10. The glycolipids show antimicrobial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and one fungal strain.
在富含油酸的葵花籽油上生长的Tsukamurella spec菌株(DSM 44370)可产生低聚糖脂质混合物。除海藻糖脂(gli)外,还检测了三糖(GL2)和四糖脂(gl3)。在深层培养中,三糖和四糖脂在固定阶段过量产生(氮限制)并排泄到上清中。相反,海藻糖脂的合成与生长相关。生物反应器培养的结果是从110克1 -1葵花籽油中产生约30克1 -1糖脂。研究了粗产物与纯化产物的界面性质。水的表面张力降至30 mN m -1以下,水/正十六烷的界面张力降至5 ~ 10 mN m -1,纯化化合物的HLB值估计在8 ~ 10之间。糖脂对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌及一种真菌具有抗菌活性。
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引用次数: 43
Tocopherols accumulation in developing seeds and pods of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) 油菜种子和荚果发育过程中生育酚的积累
Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199910)101:10<400::AID-LIPI400>3.0.CO;2-#
F. Goffman, L. Velasco, H. Becker
The accumulation of dry matter, chlorophyll, and tocopherols was monitored in developing seeds and pods of three rapeseed genotypes with contrasting tocopherol profiles from shortly after anthesis to maturity. Three phases of tocopherols accumulation were observed. Phase I, from 12 to 41 days after flowering (DAF), was characterized by a slow accumulation of both α- and γ-tocopherol. Phase II, from 41 to 53 DAF, showed the highest tocopherols accumulation rates, with more active accumulation of γ- than α-tocopherol in the lines characterized by an α- to γ-tocopherol ratio below the unity. Final differences in the α- to γ-tocopherol ratios among genotypes were caused by different accumulation rates between both tocopherol derivatives in Phase II. Both total tocopherols content and the α- to γ-tocopherol ratio remained constant in Phase III, from 53 DAF to maturity. Changes on chlorophyll and tocopherols contents in pods during development were similar to those previously reported in senescing leaves. No export of tocopherols from pods to seeds throughout seed development was detected. Tocopherolakkumulation in den Samen und Schoten von Raps. Die Trockenmasse, Chlorophyll- und Tocopherolgehalte wurden fur die Periode kurz vor Anfang der Blute bis Vollreife in sich entwickelnden Samen und in Schotenwanden bei drei Rapsgenotypen untersucht, die sich sehr in der Tocopherolzusammensetzung unterscheiden. Drei Speicherungsphasen konnten identifiziert werden: Phase I, von 12 bis 41 Tagen nach der Blute (DAF), in der der α- und γ-Tocopherolgehalt langsam zunahm; Phase II, von 41 bis 53 DAF, in welcher die hochsten Akkumulationsraten registriert wurden; in den Rapslinien, fur die das α-/γ-Tocopherolverhaltnis kleiner als 1 charakteristisch ist, war die Speicherungsrate von γ-Tocopherol hoher als die von α-Tocopherol. Der genotypische Unterschied fur das α-/γ-Tocopherolverhaltnis zwischen den Linien wurde von Unterschieden in den Akkumulationsraten der Phase II bestimmt. Der Gesamttocopherolgehalt und das α-/γ-Tocopherolverhaltnis blieben nach 53 DAF (Phase III) konstant. Die Veranderungen in den Chlorophyll- und Tocopherolgehalten der Schotenwande war ahnlich wie diejenigen, uber die bereits in seneszenten Blattern berichtet worden ist. Im Laufe der gesamten Samenentwicklung konnte kein Export von Tocopherolen von den Schotenwanden in die Samen nachgewiesen werden.
对三种基因型油菜种子和荚果发育过程中干物质、叶绿素和生育酚的积累进行了监测,并对开花后至成熟期间的生育酚含量进行了对比。生育酚积累有三个阶段。第一阶段,开花后12 ~ 41天,α-和γ-生育酚积累缓慢。第II期(41 ~ 53 DAF)生育酚积累速率最高,α-与γ-生育酚比值低于1的品系中γ-比α-生育酚积累更活跃。α-与γ-生育酚比值在基因型之间的最终差异是由于两种生育酚衍生物在II期的积累速率不同造成的。在第三阶段,从53 DAF到成熟,总生育酚含量和α-与γ-生育酚的比值保持不变。荚果发育过程中叶绿素和生育酚含量的变化与先前报道的衰老叶片相似。在整个种子发育过程中,没有检测到生育酚从豆荚向种子输出。黄鼠狼和黄鼠狼的生育酚积累。叶绿素-与生育激素的结合,叶绿素-与生育激素的结合,叶绿素-与生育激素的结合,叶绿素-与生育激素的结合,叶绿素-与生育激素的结合,叶绿素-与生育激素的结合。Drei Speicherungsphasen德国identifiziert了:第一阶段,冯12双41光明使者去der Blute (DAF) der derα-和γ-Tocopherolgehalt langsam zunahm;第二阶段,von 41 bis 53 DAF, in welcher die hochsten Akkumulationsraten registerwurden;在本研究中,研究对象为α-/γ-生育酚,研究对象为α-生育酚,研究对象为α-生育酚。2 .基因型分析:α-/γ-生育酚的基因型分析。Gesamttocopherolgehalt和das α-/γ-Tocopherolverhaltnis均为53 DAF (III期)常数。叶绿素的生长发育与生育发育的关系,叶绿素的生长发育与生育发育的关系。我的意思是:“我的孩子们,我的孩子们,我的孩子们,我的孩子们,我的孩子们。”
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引用次数: 25
Vegetable oils for biofuels versus surfactants: an ecological comparison for energy and greenhouse gases 用于生物燃料的植物油与表面活性剂:能源和温室气体的生态比较
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<314::AID-LIPI314>3.0.CO;2-5
M. Patel, G. Reinhardt, Guido Zemanek
This paper compares the use of vegetable oils as energy carriers on the one hand and for the production of chemicals on the other hand. The bio-based energy carriers analyzed are rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil methyl ester, and palm oil methyl ester, all of which can be used as substitutes for diesel fuel. The chemicals studied are surfactants. Surfactants can be produced from plant-based feedstocks (oleochemical surfactants) and from petrochemicals. The various options are studied with regard to two ecological indicators, i.e. the consumption of finite energy resources and the global warming potential. First of all, for these two aspects plant-based sources show clear advantages when compared with their fossil counterparts. Secondly, the transesterified types of biofuels are more advantageous than pure vegetable oils. Thirdly, the conservation of finite energy and reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases are higher if vegetable oils are used as a feedstock to produce oleochemical surfactants compared to their use as biofuels. Comprehensive life-cycle analyses must be carried out in order to determine whether these results can also be applied to other ecological indicators. The results presented in this paper support developing strategic goals for bio-based feedstocks, including quantity and cost targets.
本文比较了植物油作为能源载体和用于化工产品生产的情况。所分析的生物基能量载体是菜籽油、菜籽油甲酯和棕榈油甲酯,它们都可以作为柴油的替代品。所研究的化学物质是表面活性剂。表面活性剂可以从植物原料(油脂化学表面活性剂)和石油化工产品中生产。根据有限能源消耗和全球变暖潜力这两个生态指标,研究了各种备选方案。首先,在这两个方面,植物源与化石源相比具有明显的优势。其次,酯交换类型的生物燃料比纯植物油更有利。第三,与用作生物燃料相比,将植物油用作生产油化学表面活性剂的原料,对有限能源的保护和温室气体排放的减少更高。必须进行全面的生命周期分析,以确定这些结果是否也可以应用于其他生态指标。本文提出的结果支持制定生物基原料的战略目标,包括数量和成本目标。
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引用次数: 11
Die Bleichung von Speisefetten und Ölen VII. Verwendung gebrauchter Bleicherde. Aus dem Arbeitskreis Technologien der industriellen Gewinnung und Verarbeitung von Speisefetten 食用油7号发酵过程。使用经加工过的漂白剂涵盖了食用脂肪的工业生产和加工技术
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<347::AID-LIPI347>3.0.CO;2-I
W. Zschau
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引用次数: 1
Potentiometrische Zweiphasentitration von anionaktiven Tensiden mit einer lösemittelbeständigen Elektrode — Deutsche Einheitsmethoden zur Untersuchung von Fetten, Fettprodukten, Tensiden und verwandten Stoffen: Analyse von grenzflächenaktiven Stoffen XXXVII 另一个可能出现的用漏水的电极显示的阴茎两层层渗入
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<353::AID-LIPI353>3.0.CO;2-U
R. Spilker, R. Gerhards, H. Waldhoff, J. Scherler
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引用次数: 1
Modification of karanja oil (Pongamia glabra) by fractionation, blending, and transesterification 用分馏、共混和酯交换法对甘露油进行改性
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<332::AID-LIPI332>3.0.CO;2-5
B. K. De, S. Bhattacharyya, D. Bhattacharyya
In the present study the modification of detoxified and completely refined karanja oil (Pongamia glabra) was studied by physical and chemical means. Karanja oil was fractionated by the detergent fractionation process at low temperature (3 °C). Astearin fraction was obtained with a yield of 11.0 %. The stearin fraction as such or after bioacidolysis, was found to be suitable as margarine fat bases. Karanja oil was also blended with fats like palm stearin, vanaspati, hydrogenated rice bran oil, and hydrogenated soybean oil in various proportions. The blended products as such or after interesterification were found to be suitable as shortenings, margarine fat bases, or vanaspati substitute. Modifizierung von Karanjaol (Pongamia glabra) durch Fraktionieren, Mischen und Umestern.In der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Modifizierung von entgiftetem und vollstandig raffiniertem Karanjaol mittels physikalischer und chemischer Methoden untersucht. Karanjaol wurde mit dem Tensid-Fraktionierungsverfahren bei niedrigen Temperaturen (3 °C) fraktioniert. Es wurde eine Stearinfraktion mit einer Ausbeute von 11,0% erhalten. Die unbehandelte Stearinfraktion und die nach Saurehydrolyse stellte sich als geeignete Fettgrundlage fur Margarine heraus. Karanjaol wurde auserdem mit Fetten, wie Palmolstearin, Vanaspati, hydrogeniertem Reiskleieol und hydrogeniertem Sojaol verschiedener Mengen gemischt. Die gemischten Ole und die zwischenveresterten Olgemische stellten sich als geeignet fur Backmischungen, Fettgrundlagen fur Margarine oder als Ersatz fur Vanaspati heraus.
采用物理和化学两种方法对脱毒后的全精炼甘露油进行了改性研究。在低温(3℃)条件下,采用洗涤剂分馏工艺对蓖麻油进行分馏。以11.0%的收率得到了硬脂素馏分。经生物酸解后的硬脂脂馏分适合作为人造黄油的基础脂肪。Karanja油还与棕榈硬脂、vanaspati、氢化米糠油和氢化大豆油等脂肪按不同比例混合。混合产物本身或经酯化反应后,可作为起酥油、人造黄油基底或钒油的替代品。卡兰贾尔的改良(斑蓬属)、米申和西部。In der vorliegenden studiedie Modifizierung von entgiftetem and volstanderaffiniertem Karanjaol mitels物理和化学方法。Karanjaol wurde mit dem tension - fraktionierungsverfahren bei niedrien temperature(3°C) fraktioniert。研究结果表明,硬脂硬化的发生率为11.0%。硬脂硬化和硬脂水解钨酸盐是人造黄油的主要原料。Karanjaol wurde auserdem mit Fetten, wie Palmolstearin, Vanaspati, hydrogenitem Reiskleieol和hydrogenitem Sojaol verschiedener Mengen gemischt。德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国德国
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引用次数: 2
Dietary fats and energy levels differently affect tissue lipogenic enzyme activity in finishing pigs 饲粮脂肪和能量水平对育肥猪组织脂肪生成酶活性的影响不同
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<336::AID-LIPI336>3.0.CO;2-Q
G. Bee, R. Messikommer, S. Gebert
The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between high and low digestible energy levels (9.5 vs. 15.4 MJ ME/kg) and either tallow or soy oil supplementation (5%rpar; on lipogenic activities and fatty acid profile of the backfat tissue outer layer and liver tissue in finishing pigs. Twenty Large White pigs averaging 30 (initial) to 106 kg (final) live weight were allocated into four dietary groups and fed the diets ad libitum. The lipid content and fatty acid composition of the tissues were determined and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), malic enzyme (ME), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity were measured. Growth performance and carcass measurements were affected by the dietary energy levels but not by the fat sources. Lipid deposition rate of animals fed the low energy diets was lowered regardless whether tallow or soy oil was supplemented. Unlike lipid deposition, fatty acid profile was influenced by both dietary factors. Pigs fed the low energy diet supplemented with soy oil exhibited the lowest level of saturated (P<0.001), monounsaturated (P<0.001), and the highest level of polyenic fatty acids in the backfat, the opposite was the case for the pigs fed the high energy diet supplemented with beef tallow. The fatty acid profile of the adipose tissue of animals fed the other two diets were intermediate, but clear distinction of the profile due to diets was visible. Independent of dietary treatments, lipogenic activities were up to 10 times higher in the backfat than in the liver. G6PDH activity was higher (P<0.05) due to high energy diet, whereas the activities of ME and FAS were not affected. Animals fed the high energy diet either supplemented with tallow or soy oil exhibited higher ME activity lpar;P<0.05) in the backfat, without any effects on G6PDH activity. In contrast, dietary fat sources affected the FAS activity, with lower activity lpar;P<0.05) exhibited in the backfat of animals fed the soy oil diets. The present results indicate that dietary manipulation, which change the flux through the pathway of lipogenesis and pentose-phosphate must affect differently the activities of the involved enzymes. The effect of the dietary energy level was stronger and overwhelmed the inducing effect of the PUFA on the activities of the collateral enzymes. In contrast the immediately involved lipogenic enzyme FAS responded more to dietary PUFA stimulation than to the energy supply. Einflus von Energiezufuhr und Art des Futterfettes auf die Lipogenese in Fettgewebe und Leber beim Schwein.Das Ziel der Untersuchung war es, den Effekt unterschiedlich hoher Zufuhr an verdaulicher Energie (9,5 (L) vs. 15,4 MJ/kg (H)) und der beiden Fettzusatze (5 %) Rindertalg (R) oder Sojaol (S) auf die Regulation der Lipogenese und die Zusammensetzung der Lipidfraktion des Ruckenspecks und der Leber beim wachsenden Schwein zu prufen. Zwanzig kastrierte mannliche Schweine der Rasse Edelschwein im Lebendgewichtsbereich zwischen 30 und
本研究的目的是确定高消化能水平和低消化能水平(9.5 MJ ME/kg vs 15.4 MJ ME/kg)与牛油或豆油补充剂(5%rpar;育肥猪背膘组织、外层和肝组织的脂肪生成活性和脂肪酸谱。选取20头平均30 ~ 106 kg初活重的大型白猪,分为4个饲粮组,随意饲喂饲粮。测定各组组织脂质含量和脂肪酸组成,测定葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)、苹果酸酶(ME)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性。生长性能和胴体尺寸受饲粮能量水平的影响,但不受脂肪来源的影响。低能量饲粮中添加牛油或豆油均降低了动物的脂质沉积率。与脂质沉积不同,脂肪酸谱受到两种饮食因素的影响。低能量饲粮添加大豆油组猪背脂肪中饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量最低(P<0.001),多烯脂肪酸含量最高(P<0.001),高能量饲粮添加牛油组猪背脂肪中多烯脂肪酸含量最高。饲喂其他两种饲料的动物的脂肪组织的脂肪酸分布是中等的,但由于饲料的明显区别是可见的。与饮食治疗无关,脂肪生成活动在背脂肪中比在肝脏中高10倍。高能量日粮提高了G6PDH活性(P<0.05),而对ME和FAS活性无影响。饲粮中添加牛油和大豆油均能提高背脂肪代谢能活性(P<0.05),但对G6PDH活性无显著影响。相反,饲粮脂肪源对FAS活性有影响,豆油饲粮的背脂肪活性较低(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,通过改变脂肪生成和戊糖-磷酸途径的通量,饮食调节对相关酶的活性有不同的影响。饲粮能量水平对侧枝酶活性的影响较强,超过了多聚脂肪酸对侧枝酶活性的诱导作用。相比之下,直接参与的脂肪生成酶FAS对饮食中多聚脂肪酸刺激的反应比对能量供应的反应更大。能源与脂肪合成技术的研究进展。Das Ziel der Untersuchung war es, den effet unterschiedlich hoher Zufuhr and verdaulicher Energie (9,5 (L) vs. 15.4 MJ/kg (H)) and der der Fettzusatze (5%) and der derdertalg (R) and der Sojaol (S) auf die Regulation der Lipogenese and die Zusammensetzung der Lipidfraktion des Ruckenspecks and der Leber beim wachsenden Schwein zu prufen。Zwanzig kastrierte mannliche Schweine der麝香猫Edelschwein im Lebendgewichtsbereich来30 106公斤wurden麻省理工学院窝竞争者Diaten LT, HT, LS奥得河HS随意gefuttert。Untersucht wurden Fettgehalt and -zusammensetzung des Fettgewebes and der Leber sowie die aktivitder葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH), des malatenzyme (ME) and der Fettsaurensynthase (FAS)。在德国,德国的能量和能量都是由德国的能量和能量决定的。Der Fettansatz Der Tiere Der variant LT和LS war unhangig von Der fettsupplentierung deutlich verringert。我是Gegensatz dazu wurde das Fettsauremuster des Auflagenfettes,所以我的意思是,我的能量是无限的,我的艺术是无限的。beden Tieren der Variante LS war der Gehalt and gesattigten lpar;P< 0.001) and einfach ungesattigten lpar;P< 0.001) Fettsauren im Auflagenfett am geringsten and derjenige der mehrfach ungesattigten Fettsauren am hochsten lpar;P< 0.001)。这是一种非常复杂的现象。Die Fettsaurenzusammensetzung des Fettgewebes der Tiere aus den variantent LT and HS lag dazwischen, unschsched schingt durch Die Behandlungen deutlich voneinander。无变化冯费特克勒和能量的战争死亡激活脂原酶在费特克勒网的10个正常的其他也在莱伯尔。(P< 0.05); (P< 0.05); (P< 0.05); (P< 0.05); (P< 0.05); (P< 0.05)在me -活化蛋白、G6PDH蛋白和hhs蛋白的作用下,hhs蛋白与hhs蛋白的异构体结构发生了变化。Die Art des zugesetzten Fettes beinfluste deutlich Die FAS-Aktivitat, wobei Die Tiere der Sojaol-Gruppen geringere Werte aufwiesen [P< 0.05]。Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse zeigen, das futeterbedingthe influssen, welche direct metabolischen Vorgange der Lipogenese and des pensephosphatzyklus betffen, Die activation der betiligten酶unschiedlich beinflussen。
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引用次数: 33
Antioxidative cosmetic additives for the protection of human skin surface lipids against environmental stress 抗氧化化妆品添加剂,用于保护人体皮肤表面脂质免受环境压力
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<343::AID-LIPI343>3.0.CO;2-Y
G. Kroyer
Studies were carried out in vitro to investigate the effect of a simulated polluted atmosphere containing ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide on human skin surface lipids and to evaluate the potency of antioxidative cosmetic additives for the protection against detrimental oxidation processes caused by air polluting substances. The experiments showed that the air pollutants caused significantly increased oxidation effects on human skin surface lipids compared to non polluted atmosphere as indicated by the increase of the peroxide values. The addition of selected derivatives of ascorbic acid, tocopherol, or retinol as specific cosmetic additives with particular antioxidative activity both as pure substances and as ingredients of cosmetic skin care formulations resulted in a considerable protection against oxidative effects of the air pollutants on human skin surface lipids, in which the antioxidative complex tocopherol/hydrogenated tallow glyceride citrate is most effective. Even by additional irradiation with artificial erythemogenic sunlight during the exposure to the air polluting substances of a skin care formulation composed of tocopherol/hydrogenated tallow glycerides as antioxidative component and zinc oxide as UV-filter substance, the significant lipid-protective efficacy of the antioxidative cosmetic additive was only slightly diminished. Antioxidativ wirksame kosmetische Zusatzstoffe fur den Schutz der menschlichen Hautoberflachenlipide vor Umweltbelastungen.Die Auswirkungen einer simulierten schadstoffbelasteten Atmosphare auf menschliche Hautoberflachenlipide wurden in vitro untersucht, und die Schutzwirkung von antioxidativ wirksamen kosmetischen Zusatzstoffen gegenuber oxidativen Prozessen, die durch die Luftschadstoffe Ozon, Schwefeldioxid und Stickstoffdioxid verursacht werden, wurden evaluiert. Die Untersuchungen zeigten, das die Luftschadstoffe eine signifikant erhohte Oxidationswirkung auf die menschlichen Hautoberflachenlipide verglichen mit unbelasteter Atmosphare hervorriefen, was durch den Anstieg der Peroxidzahl charakterisiert werden konnte. Der Einsatz von spezifisch antioxidativ wirkenden Substanzen, Derivaten der Ascorbinsaure, von Tocopherol bzw. von Retinol — sowohl als reine Substanzen als auch als Beimischungen zu kosmetischen Hautpflegecreme-Zubereitungen, resultierte in einer ausgepragten oxidativen Schutzwirkung gegenuber Luftschadstoffen, wobei der antioxidative Substanz-Komplex Tocopherol/hydrogeniertes Talg-Glycerid-Citrat die hochste Effektivitat zeigte. Durch zusatzliche Bestrahlung mit kunstlichem erythemogenem Sonnenlicht wahrend der Einwirkung der Luftschadstoffe auf eine Hautpflegecreme mit Tocopherol/hydrogeniertem Talg-Glycerid-Citrat als antioxidativ wirkende Komponente und Zinkoxid als UV-Filtersubstanz wurde die ausgepragte lipidschutzende Wirkung des antioxidativ wirkenden Zusatzes kaum beeinflust.
我们在体外进行了研究,以调查含有臭氧、二氧化硫和二氧化氮的模拟污染大气对人体皮肤表面脂质的影响,并评估抗氧化化妆品添加剂的效力,以防止空气污染物质引起的有害氧化过程。实验表明,与未污染的大气相比,空气污染物对人体皮肤表面脂质的氧化作用明显增加,过氧化值增加。添加抗坏血酸、生育酚或视黄醇的选定衍生物作为具有特定抗氧化活性的化妆品添加剂,无论是作为纯物质还是作为化妆品护肤配方的成分,都能相当程度地防止空气污染物对人体皮肤表面脂质的氧化作用,其中抗氧化复合物生育酚/氢化脂肪甘油柠檬酸酯最有效。即使在暴露于由生育酚/氢化脂甘油酯作为抗氧化成分和氧化锌作为紫外线过滤物质组成的皮肤护理配方的空气污染物质期间,人工致红阳光的额外照射,抗氧化化妆品添加剂的显着的脂质保护功效也只是略有下降。抗氧化作用的研究与应用[j]。Die Auswirkungen einer simulierten schadstoffbelasteten atmofaufmenschliche hautoberflachenenide wurden in vitro unsusuts, and Die Schutzwirkung von抗氧化工作,和Die Schutzwirkung von氧化Prozessen, Die durch Die Luftschadstoffe Ozon, Schwefeldioxid和stickstoffeverursacht werden, wurden evaluiert。Die Untersuchungen zeigten, das Die Luftschadstoffe eine signant erhothe oxidationswung auf Die menschlichen Hautoberflachenlipide verglichen mit unbelastter atmosphere herriefen,被称为“Anstieg der peroxidahl characterisiert werden konte”。抗氧化剂的研究进展,抗坏血酸衍生物,生育酚[j]。von Retinol - sowohl - als reine Substanzen als auch als Beimischungen zu kosmetischen hautpflegecremee - zubereitungen, resultite in einer ausgepragten oxidativen Schutzwirkung gegenuber Luftschadstoffen,结果是抗氧化剂substanz - complex Tocopherol/ hydrogenites Talg-Glycerid-Citrat die hochste effectitivititte。dch zusatzliche Bestrahlung mit kunstlichem erythemigenem sonnenenlight wahend der Luftschadstoffe Hautpflegecreme,生育酚/氢化合物talg -甘油-柠檬酸酯,抗氧化成分,锌氧化物,uv - filter物质wurde die ausgepragte lipidschutzende Wirkung des抗氧化成分,Zusatzes kaem灌流。
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引用次数: 3
Bestimmung von Tetraacetylethylendiamin (TAED) in Waschmitteln mittels HPLC — Deutsche Einheitsmethoden zur Untersuchung von Fetten, Fettprodukten, Tensiden und verwandten Stoffen: Analyse von grenzflächenaktiven Stoffen XXXVI 用h粉色、晒油、洗涤剂和相关物质的同种方法,确定含在洗衣液中使用的四叶菊酯(TAED):对界基物质xx74的分析
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<350::AID-LIPI350>3.0.CO;2-5
Berichterstatter R. Spilker, H. Waldhoff, J. Scherler
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引用次数: 1
Effect of extraction systems on the phenolic composition of virgin olive oils 萃取体系对初榨橄榄油酚类成分的影响
Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<328::AID-LIPI328>3.0.CO;2-M
G. Stefano, P. Piacquadio, M. Servili, L. Giovacchino, V. Sciancalepore
The effect of extraction systems on the phenolic composition of virgin olive oils obtained from two different Italian cultivars (Coratina and Oliarola) was determined. The oils extracted using two-phase centrifugation showed in all cases higher phenolic concentration in comparison to oils obtained from three-phase centrifugation. In particular, the highest differences were observed for aglykone derivatives of oleuropein (3,4-DHPEA-EDA and 3,4-DHPEA-EA) that are the most concentrated antioxidant phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil. These results were confirmed by the autoxidation stability of the oils examined. Uber die Auswirkung von Gewinnungsverfahren auf die Phenolzusammensetzung in unbehandeltem Olivenol.Die Auswirkung von unterschiedlichen Extraktionssystemen auf die Phenolzusammensetzung in unbehandelten Olivenolen aus zwei verschiedenen italienischen Olivensorten (Coratina und Oliarola) wurde bestimmt. Ole, die mit dem Zweiphasen-Dekanter erzeugt wurden, zeigten in jedem Falle eine hohere Phenolkonzentration als Ole, die mit dem Dreiphasen-Dekanter gewonnen wurden. Insbesondere wurden hochste Unterschiede bei den Aglykonderivaten von Oleuropein (3,4-DHPEA-EDA und 3,4-DHPEA-EA) festgestellt, den am starksten konzentrierten antioxidierenden Phenolverbindungen im unbehandelten Olivenol. Diese Ergebnisse wurden durch die Stabilitat der gepruften Ole gegen Autoxidation bestatigt.
掠夺系统在遭遇危机时要从另一种危机中运送燃料的危机从2区以外用2区炸药引爆剂具体来说,甚至希腊葡萄酒也不受染结果并非不确定也并非唯一的原因有人要用不纯的橄榄分离乳不同的提取系统对于两种意大利不同种类的沙拉油(科拉提娜和奥里拉拉)中未经治疗的橄榄中三种苯酚的作用已经确定。通过两步骤杜根产生的藏污剂均显示了高浓度的苯酚为通过三步骤杜根提取的藏污剂。特别是,在未经治疗的橄榄油中,最集中的抗氧化苯酚发现了ol欧洲式的ag粉状衍生品(38.4 ~ dhpea和3.4—dhpea)的最大区别。这些调查结果通过用滤液粘合以粘合汽车氧化而得到证实。
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引用次数: 43
期刊
Fett-lipid
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