Fett-lipid最新文献

{"title":"Notes on life‐cycle assessments of vegetable oils","authors":"Guido Zemanek, G. Reinhardt","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<321::AID-LIPI321>3.0.CO;2-D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199909)101:9<321::AID-LIPI321>3.0.CO;2-D","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable resources like vegetable oils constitute a central element in the discussion of the implementation of a sustainable development. Vegetable oils play an increasingly important part in the production of biodegradable materials. But considering the ecological effects of their production and use vegetable oils show advantages and disadvantages. Life-cycle assessments (LCAs) allow a detailed evaluation of their ecological performance. Carrying out LCAs the determination of the methodological proceedings is required. It is one of the objectives of the present study to ascertain if, or how strong, these methodological determinations can influence the results of LCAs. The LCA of refined rapeseed oil serves as an example. The following issues are of special interest here: the selection of a reference system, the balancing principles for coproducts, and the balancing principles for emissions under consideration of their site-specific impacts. Furthermore, the results for rapeseed oil and soybean oil are compared in order to find out if LCAs for different vegetable oils show similar results (which would allow the undiscriminate transfer of the LCA results from one oil to another). Finally, the LCA results of rapeseed oil, that have been obtained for the currently quantifiable parameters, are presented. As the study shows, the methodological approach can influence the LCA results significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to define and document the applied methodological approach carefully in order to base the LCA on verifiable facts and to obtain realistic results. The undiscriminate transfer of LCA results from one vegetable oil to another is not allowed because incorrect results are possible.","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"142 1","pages":"321-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75582958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in isomer distribution in commercially available conjugated linoleic acid","authors":"M. Yurawecz, N. Sehat, M. Mossoba, J. Roach, J. Kramer, Y. Ku","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<277::AID-LIPI277>3.0.CO;2-C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<277::AID-LIPI277>3.0.CO;2-C","url":null,"abstract":"Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to have anticarcinogenic and antiatherogenic properties, to repartition body fat, to build bone mass, to normalize glucose tolerance, and to reduce hyperglycemia and diabetes. CLA products are now commercially available, and there is considerable interest in studying CLA because of this range of reported beneficial effects. However, little is known about the composition of these preparations. Representative commercial CLA products in capsule or liquid (aqueous or oily) form were analyzed for their CLA content and isomer composition using gas chromatography (GC), silver ion-high performance liquid chromatography (Ag+-HPLC) and spectroscopic techniques. The content of CLA in the preparations varied widely. Based on the GC-internal standard technique, total CLA varied from 20 to 89% by total weight and 28 to 94% of total fat. One product contained no CLA. The isomer distributions were generally of two types: those with two major CLA positional isomers, and those with four major CLA positional isomers. All the CLA preparations in capsule form contained the four isomer mixture, while the liquid preparations contained from two to four CLA positional isomers. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Unterschiede in der Isomerenverteilung kommerziell erhaltlicher konjugierter Linolsaure.Von konjugierter Linolsaure (CLA) wurde berichtet, das sie anticanzerogene und antiatherogene Eigenschaften hat, Korperfett repartioniert, Knochenmasse aufbaut, Glukosetoleranz normalisiert und Hyperglykamie und Diabetes reduziert. CLA-Produkte sind jetzt kommerziell erhaltlich, und es gibt wegen der oben aufgefuhrten prositiven Effekte ein betrachtliches Interesse daran, CLA zu studieren. Allerdings ist wenig bekannt uber die Zusammensetzung dieser Herstellungen. Reprasentative kommerzielle CLA-Produkte in Kapsel- oder flussiger Form (auf Wasser- oder Olbasis) wurden mit Hilfe eines Gaschromatographen (GC), Silberionen-Hochdruckflussigkeitschromatographie (Ag+-HPLC) und spektroskopischer Techniken auf ihren CLA-Inhalt und ihre isomere Zusammensetzung analysiert. Der Inhalt der CLA in den Herstellungen variierte stark. Auf der Basis der GC-internen Standardtechnik schwankten die gesamten CLA zwischen 20 und 89% bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht und zwischen 28 und 94% bezogen auf den Gesamtfettanteil. Ein Produkt enthielt keine CLA. Die Isomerverteilungen untergliederten sich allgemein in zwei Typen: solche mit zwei Positionsisomeren und solche mit vier Positionsisomeren. Alle CLA-Herstellungen in Kapselform beinhalteten das Gemisch der vier Isomere, wahrend die flussigen Herstellungen zwischen zwei und vier der Positionsisomere enthielten.","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"12 1","pages":"277-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90159864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relating texture properties and composition of bovine fat tissue","authors":"M. Casutt, M. Scheeder, F. Escher, P. Dufey, M. Kreuzer","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<283::AID-LIPI283>3.0.CO;2-O","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<283::AID-LIPI283>3.0.CO;2-O","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship of various texture variables and fatty acid composition was studied in bovine kidney fat. Fat samples were obtained from 6 x 5 Brown Swiss bulls fed on one out of six diets containing different fats in order to achieve a high variability in depot fat composition. Melting curves, solid fat content, fatty acid composition, and three mechanical variables (cutting, extrusion, and adhesion force) were determined to characterize texture properties. Additionally, four sensory texture attributes (firmness, adhesiveness, friability, spreadability) were evaluated by manual inspection. Discriminant analyses showed that fatty acid composition as well as melting behaviour together with solid fat content are suitable to classify kidney fat according to the fat used in nutrition. Data obtained by mechanical and sensory texture measurements were less discriminative, All these texture attributes were closely correlated with each other. Extrusion force showed highest correlations with sensory attributes and therefore was considered to be most suitable to describe kidney fat characteristics beside melting behaviour and solid fat content. According to stepwise regression analyses, stearic acid, oleic acid, and fatty acids ≤C 16 were important to explain the texture characteristics of the fats analyzed. Melting behaviour and solid fat content could be best described by fatty acid composition (R 2 =0.73-0.94). However, in sensory and mechanical attributes, fatty acid composition on average accounted only for 54% of the variation with the closest relationship found for extrusion force (R 2 =0.78).","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"60 1","pages":"283-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77195987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phospholipid composition of 14 types of glyceride oils from representatives of the family Apiaceae of the Bulgarian wild flora","authors":"S. Ivanov, M. Zlatanov, E. Ivanova, K. Aitzetmüller","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<307::AID-LIPI307>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<307::AID-LIPI307>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"31 2 1","pages":"307-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90090012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial experiences of electric filtration in vegetable oil technology","authors":"G. Borner, M. Schneider","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<295::AID-LIPI295>3.0.CO;2-C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<295::AID-LIPI295>3.0.CO;2-C","url":null,"abstract":"Electric filtration is used to remove bleaching earth and other electrically charged particles from vegetable oils and fats. The grain size of bleaching earth does not significantly influence its separation during application of electric filtration. Therefore, it will be possible to separate bleaching earth with very small grains and increased capability for adsorption. The generation of an electrical field in an insulating fluid is the physical basis of the electric filtration, and under these conditions the generated Coulomb-power moves the bleaching earth grains to one of the electrodes where they will be separated. Electric filtration is available for industrial use. A modular unit enables the testing of all industrial applications directly in the refinery, and it permits the fulfilment of the requirements for the integration of an OHMI filtration® unit in the whole process. Tests on a laboratory and a pilot plant scale have supplied the basis for smooth running of the first industrial plant installed in a large German edible oil refinery. Compact electric filtration plants enable a bleaching earth filtration largely independent of the grain size of the bleaching earth; they reduce the consumption of electric power, they can be adapted to each capacity due to the construction principal of the filter cell moduls, they decrease all expenditure of cleaning and the wear of the filter elements and clothes compared to the conventional cake filtration. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Industrielle Erfahrungen bei der elektrischen Filtration in der Pflanzenoltechnologie.Die Elektrofiltration trennt Bleicherde und andere elektrisch geladene Partikel aus pflanzlichen Olen und Fetten. Bei der Anwendung der Elektrofiltration hat der Korndurchmesser der Bleicherde dabei keinerlei Einflus auf die Trennwirkung. Somit ist es moglich, unter Anwendung der Elektrofiltration Bleicherde mit einem sehr geringen Korndurchmesser und einer erhohten Adsorptionswirkung einzusetzen. Die Erzeugung eines elektrischen Feldes in einem nichtleitenden Fluid ist die physikalische Grundlage der Elektrofiltration. Unter dieser Voraussetzung bewirkt die erzeugte Coulomb-Kraft eine gerichtete Bewegung der Bleicherdepartikel zu einer der Elektroden, wo sie festgehalten werden. Die Elektrofiltration ist fur die industrielle Anwendung verfugbar. Eine modulare Anlage machte es moglich, alle industriellen Anwendungsfalle direkt in der Raffinerie zu testen, mit dem Ergebnis, das sie samtliche Anforderungen zur Einbindung der OHMI-filtration® -Einheit in den Gesamtprozes erfullt. Tests im Labor- und Pilotmasstab bildeten die Grundlage fur einen reibungslosen Betrieb der ersten grosindustriellen Anlage dieser Art in einer grosen deutschen Pflanzenolraffinerie. Kompakte Elektrofiltrationsanlagen ermoglichen eine Bleicherdefiltration unabhangig von der Grose des Kornspektrums der Bleicherde, sie reduzieren den Verbrauch an Elektroenergie, sie konnen mit Hilfe der Konstruktionsprinzipien fur die Filterzellen an jede ","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"109 1","pages":"295-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81643618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isomerization of fatty acids during deodorization and physical refining — stripping with nitrogen","authors":"M. León-Camacho, M. Ruiz-Méndez, E. Graciani-Constante","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<290::AID-LIPI290>3.0.CO;2-W","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<290::AID-LIPI290>3.0.CO;2-W","url":null,"abstract":"A gas-liquid chromatography study has been carried out on the methyl esters of trans fatty acids formed by isomerization of the corresponding cis fatty acids during the deodorization of olive, soybean, and sunflower oils. The results expressed as molar fraction are coherent. They enable comparison of the behaviour of the unsaturated fatty acids of several oils in this type of isomerization during this process, using nitrogen as stripping gas. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Isomerisierung von Fettsauren wahrend der Desodorierung und physikalischen Raffination — Stickstoff als Trenngas.Es wurde eine Gas-Flussigkeitschromatographische Studie der Methylester der trans-Fettsauren erstellt, die durch Isomerisierung der entsprechenden cis-Fettsauren wahrend der Desodorierung bzw. physikalischen Raffination von Oliven-, Soja- und Sonnenblumenol entstehen. Die Ergebnisse, dargestellt als Molenbruch, sind in sich schlussig und erlauben einen Vergleich mit dem Isomerisierungsverhalten ungesattigter Fettsauren verschiedener Ole bei der Desodorierung mit Stickstoff als Trenngas.","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"58 1","pages":"290-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77393832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial use of oilseed meal: a reasonable injection moulding compound","authors":"K. Baganz, H. Lang, G. Meißner","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<306::AID-LIPI306>3.0.CO;2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<306::AID-LIPI306>3.0.CO;2-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"35 1","pages":"306-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82234602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl esters at supercritical conditions","authors":"Maj-Britt Macher, J. Högberg, Poul Möller, M. Härröd","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<301::AID-LIPI301>3.0.CO;2-N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<301::AID-LIPI301>3.0.CO;2-N","url":null,"abstract":"Under supercritical or near-critical conditions propane is a very good solvent for both lipids and hydrogen. Thus, it is possible to generate an essentially homogeneous phase, in which the transport resistances for the hydrogen are eliminated. Therefore, the hydrogen concentration at the catalyst surface can be greatly increased, resulting in extremely high reaction rates and products having low trans fatty acid contents. In this study we present results from hydrogenation of rapeseed fatty acid methyl esters under near-critical and supercritical conditions. Temperature, residence time, hydrogen pressure, and catalyst life were varied systematically, using a statistical experimental design, in order to elucidate reaction rate and trans fatty acid formation as functions of the above variables. The experiments were carried out in a microscale fixed-bed reactor, using a 3% Pd-on-aminopolysiloxane catalyst. At 92 °C, a hydrogen pressure of 4 bar, and a residence time of 40 ms we obtained a trans content of 3.8 ± 1.7% at a iodine value of 70. Our results support the findings from traditional processes that at a constant iodine value (IV) the trans content decreases with decreasing temperature, increasing pH2, and increasing residence time. The reaction rate at our best conditions was roughly 500 times higher than in traditional batch hydrogenation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Partielle Hydrierung von Fettsauremethylestern bei uberkritischen Bedingungen.Im uberkritischen oder nahekritischen Zustand besitzt Propan sehr gute Losungseigenschaften fur sowohl Fette als auch Wasserstoff. Dies ermoglicht es, eine im wesentlichen homogene Reaktionsmischung zu erzeugen, in der die Transportwiderstande fur den Wasserstoff eliminiert sind. Dadurch kann die Wasserstoffkonzentration an der Katalysatoroberflache wesentlich erhoht werden, was zu extrem hohen Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten fuhrt. Auserdem konnen auf diese Weise Produkte mit einem niedrigen Gehalt an trans-Fettsauren erzielt werden. In der vorliegenden Studie prasentieren wir die Ergebnisse der partiellen Hydrierung von Rapsol-Fettsauremethylestern bei nahekritischen und uberkritischen Bedingungen. Unter Verwendung eines statistischen Versuchsdesigns wurden Temperatur, Aufenthaltszeit, Wasserstoffpartialdruck und Katalysatorlebensdauer systematisch variiert, um die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit und die Bildung von trans-Fettsauren als Funktionen dieser Variablen darzustellen. Die Versuche wurden in sehr kleinem Masstab in einem Festbettreaktor durchgefuhrt. Der verwendete Katalysator bestand aus 3% Pd auf einem Aminopolysiloxan-Trager. Bei 92 °C, einem Wasserstoffdruck von 4 bar und einer Aufenthaltszeit von 400 ms erreichten wir einen trans-Gehalt von 3,8 ± 1,7% bei einer Jodzahl von 70. Unsere Ergebnisse bestatigen die fur den traditionellen Prozes gefundenen Trends, das bei konstanter Jodzahl der trans-Gehalt abnimmt, wenn die Temperatur gesenkt, der Wasserstoffdruck erhoht, bzw. die Aufenthaltszeit verkurzt wird. Die hochsten v","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"3 1","pages":"301-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73887751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers: formation, analysis, amounts in foods, and dietary intake","authors":"J. Fritsche, R. Rickert, H. Steinhart, M. Yurawecz, M. Mossoba, N. Sehat, J. Roach, J. Kramer, Y. Ku","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<272::AID-LIPI272>3.0.CO;2-W","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199908)101:8<272::AID-LIPI272>3.0.CO;2-W","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis, content, and daily intake of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) are presented in the following review. Modern analytical techniques such as capillary gas chromatography (GC), silver -ion high performance liquid chromatography (Ag + -HPLC) combined with different detection methods (flame ionisation, mass spectroscopic, ultra violet) are mandatory for the unequivocal determination of geometric and positional CLA isomers. An overview is given on the CLA contents in 139 German foods, e. g. milk/dairy products, meat/meat products, edible oils, margarines, fish, and deep fried products. The dietary intake for men and women is estimated using consumption data.","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"117 1","pages":"272-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83410032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of esterified rapeseed oil as plasticizer in plastics processing","authors":"Johannes Wehlmann","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199907)101:7<249::AID-LIPI249>3.0.CO;2-I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199907)101:7<249::AID-LIPI249>3.0.CO;2-I","url":null,"abstract":"Until today rape methyl ester (RME) offered as Biodiesel is mainly used as fuel in diesel engines, where it is therefore in hard competition with conventional diesel fuel. Economical constraints arising therefrom, but also the possibility to utilize this valuable raw material more efficiently, were the reasons for considerations about its use in the plastic web industry. The plasticizers used in PVC coating in general, but chlorinated paraffins in particular are criticized because of their environmentally harmful action (waste water, air pollution). Thus, with regard to costs and environmental reasons, producers of plastic webs are greatly interested in alternatives to the common plasticizers. Therefore, investigations concerning the use of RMEs in spread and calender coating with PVC were carried out in laboratory and industrial scales within the framework of a project supported by the Saxon Ministry of Enviroment and Agriculture. The experimental results show that partial substitution of phthalic acid ester plasticizers (max. 50%) or plasticizers based on chlorinated paraffin by RMEs is possible. The demands with respect to processability (e.g. compatibility, gelling behaviour, volatility) and quality of the final products (e.g. strength, migration, and temperature resistance, surface quality) are essentially met. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Die Verwendung von verestertem Rapsol als Weichmacher in der Kunststoffindustrie.Der als “Biodiesel” angebotene Rapsmethylester (RME) wird bisher vorrangig als Treibstoff fur Dieselmotoren genutzt und steht damit in starker Konkurrenz zum herkommlichen Dieselkraftstoff. Die daraus entstehenden wirtschaftlichen Zwange, aber auch die Moglichkeit einer effektiveren Nutzung dieses aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen gewonnenen wertvollen Rohproduktes, fuhren zu Uberlegungen fur einen Einsatz in der Kunststoffbahnenindustrie. Die fur die PVC-Beschichtung benotigten Weichmacher allgemein, insbesondere aber die Chlorparaffine, stehen wegen der Wirkung als Schadstoff fur die Umwelt (Abwasser, Abluft) in der Kritik. Der Kunststoffbahnenhersteller ist deshalb aus Kosten- und Umweltgrunden an einer Alternative dazu stark interessiert. Deshalb wurden im Rahmen eines vom Sachsischen Landwirtschaftsministerium geforderten Projektes Untersuchungen im Labor und im technischen Masstab zum Einsatz von RME bei der PVC-Streich- und -Kalanderbeschichtung durchgefuhrt. Die Versuchsergebnisse zeigen, das ein teilweiser Ersatz von Phthalsaureester-Weichmachern (max. 50 %) bzw. von Chlorparaffin-Weichmachern durch RME moglich ist. Die Anforderungen hinsichtlich Verarbeitung (z. B. Vertraglichkeit, Gelierverhalten, Fluchtigkeit) und Qualitat der Finalerzeugnisse (z. B. Festigkeit, Migrations- und Temperaturbestandigkeit, Oberflachengute) werden im wesentlichen erfullt.","PeriodicalId":12304,"journal":{"name":"Fett-lipid","volume":"10 1","pages":"249-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84570448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}