Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1177/01632787241296540
Giovanni Piumatti, Manuel João Costa, Stefano Ardenghi, Anne Baroffio, Marta Elorduy, Margaret W Gerbase, Marie-Paule Gustin, Jordi Palés, Thelma Quince, Giulia Rampoldi, Maria Grazia Strepparava, Pia Thiemann, Montserrat Virumbrales, Patrício S Costa
This study aimed to examine the factorial structure of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Medical student version (JSE-S) and assess items' discriminatory ability at higher and lower empathy levels in medical student populations from different countries and languages. JSE-S datasets were retrieved from previous studies of 4113 first- and/or second-year medical students from Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, Brazil, France, Spain, New Zealand, UK, Ireland, Mexico, and Peru. Parallel principal component analyses and item response theory were applied. Excluding item 18, the Compassionate Care subscale emerged in five samples (Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, France and UK/Ireland), Perspective Taking in three (Switzerland, Portugal and UK/Ireland) and Walking in Patient's Shoes in five (Switzerland, Portugal, Spain, UK/Ireland and Mexico/Peru). All subscales had items providing overlapping information. The JSE-S subscales had reliable high test performance at low empathy levels, while when the JSE-S increased, the standard error also increased. There was no consistent support across countries for the JSE-S three-factorial structure. Items provided redundant information and discriminatory power decreased when aiming to differentiate students at high empathy levels. A JSE-S revision to improve cross-cultural comparability, results' generalizability and validity should focus on suppressing or reformulating items that cannot differentiate medical students' empathy.
{"title":"Cross-national Psychometric Evaluation of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Medical Student Version.","authors":"Giovanni Piumatti, Manuel João Costa, Stefano Ardenghi, Anne Baroffio, Marta Elorduy, Margaret W Gerbase, Marie-Paule Gustin, Jordi Palés, Thelma Quince, Giulia Rampoldi, Maria Grazia Strepparava, Pia Thiemann, Montserrat Virumbrales, Patrício S Costa","doi":"10.1177/01632787241296540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241296540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine the factorial structure of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Medical student version (JSE-S) and assess items' discriminatory ability at higher and lower empathy levels in medical student populations from different countries and languages. JSE-S datasets were retrieved from previous studies of 4113 first- and/or second-year medical students from Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, Brazil, France, Spain, New Zealand, UK, Ireland, Mexico, and Peru. Parallel principal component analyses and item response theory were applied. Excluding item 18, the Compassionate Care subscale emerged in five samples (Switzerland, Portugal, Italy, France and UK/Ireland), Perspective Taking in three (Switzerland, Portugal and UK/Ireland) and Walking in Patient's Shoes in five (Switzerland, Portugal, Spain, UK/Ireland and Mexico/Peru). All subscales had items providing overlapping information. The JSE-S subscales had reliable high test performance at low empathy levels, while when the JSE-S increased, the standard error also increased. There was no consistent support across countries for the JSE-S three-factorial structure. Items provided redundant information and discriminatory power decreased when aiming to differentiate students at high empathy levels. A JSE-S revision to improve cross-cultural comparability, results' generalizability and validity should focus on suppressing or reformulating items that cannot differentiate medical students' empathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241296540"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1177/01632787241291246
Xueqin Chu, Fan Chen, Bei Chen, Huarong Wu
This study evaluated the effect of preoperative ocular fixation training on patients undergoing pterygium surgery. Before pterygium excision, patients were trained to perform eye position fixation training, which is beneficial for surgeons performing microsurgery. The study analysed the effectiveness of preoperative eye position fixation training in patients with pterygium by randomised controlled experimental design. The number of occurrences of self-turning, operation time, self-rating depression scale scores and self-rating anxiety scale scores of the experimental group (EG) were lower than those of the control group (CG). The recurrence rate and the incidence of conjunctival tear and conjunctival suture loosening in the EG were significantly lower than those in the CG. The use of eye fixation training prior to pterygium surgery can facilitate the activities of the surgeon, reduce the operation time, reduce the occurrence of complications and reduce the recurrence rate after the operation. Eye fixation training is worthy of application in patients with pterygium.
{"title":"Analysis of the Effect of Preoperative Eye Position Fixation Training in Patients With Pterygium: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Xueqin Chu, Fan Chen, Bei Chen, Huarong Wu","doi":"10.1177/01632787241291246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241291246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effect of preoperative ocular fixation training on patients undergoing pterygium surgery. Before pterygium excision, patients were trained to perform eye position fixation training, which is beneficial for surgeons performing microsurgery. The study analysed the effectiveness of preoperative eye position fixation training in patients with pterygium by randomised controlled experimental design. The number of occurrences of self-turning, operation time, self-rating depression scale scores and self-rating anxiety scale scores of the experimental group (EG) were lower than those of the control group (CG). The recurrence rate and the incidence of conjunctival tear and conjunctival suture loosening in the EG were significantly lower than those in the CG. The use of eye fixation training prior to pterygium surgery can facilitate the activities of the surgeon, reduce the operation time, reduce the occurrence of complications and reduce the recurrence rate after the operation. Eye fixation training is worthy of application in patients with pterygium.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241291246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1177/01632787241288225
Aynslie Hinds, Beda Suárez Aguilar, Yercine Duarte, Dorian Ospina, John Harold Gómez Vargas, Javier Mignone
Indigenous governance of health care has increasingly been advocated among Indigenous peoples in many countries. However, there is limited research that has empirically examined its benefits. In 2020/21, we conducted a survey of 2113 Indigenous Wayuu individuals in Colombia who received services from the Indigenous Wayuu led health care insurance organization Anas Wayuu and its network of service providers, and Wayuu individuals who received services from non-Indigenous health insurance organizations. We compared their health care utilization and perception of quality of care. A main finding of the study was that Anas Wayuu enrollees were more than twice as likely to access health care than enrollees from non-Indigenous health insurance organizations, even when controlling for the demographic and health characteristics. The study provided compelling evidence suggesting that Anas Wayuu, being an Indigenous led health organization improves access to, and quality of care, among Indigenous health service recipients.
许多国家的土著人民越来越多地提倡对医疗保健进行土著治理。然而,对其益处进行实证检验的研究却十分有限。2020/21 年,我们对哥伦比亚 2113 名接受土著瓦尤人领导的医疗保险组织 Anas Wayuu 及其服务提供商网络提供的服务的土著瓦尤人,以及接受非土著医疗保险组织提供的服务的瓦尤人进行了调查。我们比较了他们的医疗保健使用情况和对医疗保健质量的看法。研究的一个主要发现是,即使在控制了人口和健康特征的情况下,Anas Wayuu 参保者获得医疗服务的可能性也是非土著医疗保险组织参保者的两倍多。这项研究提供了令人信服的证据,表明 Anas Wayuu 作为一个由土著人领导的保健组织,能够改善土著保健服务接受者获得保健服务的机会和质量。
{"title":"Health Care Utilization and Perceived Quality of Care in a Colombian Indigenous Health Organization.","authors":"Aynslie Hinds, Beda Suárez Aguilar, Yercine Duarte, Dorian Ospina, John Harold Gómez Vargas, Javier Mignone","doi":"10.1177/01632787241288225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241288225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indigenous governance of health care has increasingly been advocated among Indigenous peoples in many countries. However, there is limited research that has empirically examined its benefits. In 2020/21, we conducted a survey of 2113 Indigenous Wayuu individuals in Colombia who received services from the Indigenous Wayuu led health care insurance organization Anas Wayuu and its network of service providers, and Wayuu individuals who received services from non-Indigenous health insurance organizations. We compared their health care utilization and perception of quality of care. A main finding of the study was that Anas Wayuu enrollees were more than twice as likely to access health care than enrollees from non-Indigenous health insurance organizations, even when controlling for the demographic and health characteristics. The study provided compelling evidence suggesting that Anas Wayuu, being an Indigenous led health organization improves access to, and quality of care, among Indigenous health service recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241288225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1177/01632787241288849
Binbin Zheng, Ting Sun
Self-regulated learning (SRL) plays a pivotal role in medical education. There is a pressing need for a meta-analytical review to comprehensively evaluate the effect sizes of SRL strategies across diverse learning outcomes and levels of medical trainees. A meta-analysis was executed by searching five databases and resulted in 61 studies that met our inclusion criteria. A three-level meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between SRL strategies and various levels of learning outcomes (i.e., affective, cognitive, and behavioral learning outcomes). Moderator analyses were conducted using meta-regression, considering factors such as types of learning outcomes, training levels, SRL subscales, and quality of the studies. The analysis yielded an average effect size of .212, using Pearson's correlation coefficient, demonstrating a positive and significant association between SRL strategies and overall learning outcomes. Although our moderator analyses indicated that SRL subscales and study quality did not significantly influence the relationship between SRL strategies and learning outcomes, SRL strategies had a more pronounced effect on affective outcomes than on test scores, behavioral outcomes, and mental health outcomes. In addition, the association between SRL strategies and learning outcomes were significantly higher among the clerkship phase of undergraduate medical education than the pre-clerkship phase.
{"title":"Self-Regulated Learning and Learning Outcomes in Undergraduate and Graduate Medical Education: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Binbin Zheng, Ting Sun","doi":"10.1177/01632787241288849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241288849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-regulated learning (SRL) plays a pivotal role in medical education. There is a pressing need for a meta-analytical review to comprehensively evaluate the effect sizes of SRL strategies across diverse learning outcomes and levels of medical trainees. A meta-analysis was executed by searching five databases and resulted in 61 studies that met our inclusion criteria. A three-level meta-analysis was performed to examine the association between SRL strategies and various levels of learning outcomes (i.e., affective, cognitive, and behavioral learning outcomes). Moderator analyses were conducted using meta-regression, considering factors such as types of learning outcomes, training levels, SRL subscales, and quality of the studies. The analysis yielded an average effect size of .212, using Pearson's correlation coefficient, demonstrating a positive and significant association between SRL strategies and overall learning outcomes. Although our moderator analyses indicated that SRL subscales and study quality did not significantly influence the relationship between SRL strategies and learning outcomes, SRL strategies had a more pronounced effect on affective outcomes than on test scores, behavioral outcomes, and mental health outcomes. In addition, the association between SRL strategies and learning outcomes were significantly higher among the clerkship phase of undergraduate medical education than the pre-clerkship phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241288849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1177/01632787241286912
Anna Byszewski, Alexander Pearson, Heather Lochnan, Donna L Johnston, Sharon Whiting, Timothy J Wood
Role modelling is important in developing professionalism with a need for reliable, evidence-based tools to assess professionalism in the learning environment (LE). The Learning Environment for Professionalism (LEP) survey is brief, anonymous and balanced assessing medical trainees' and attendings' positive and negative professionalism behaviours that can be tracked longitudinally and identify problem areas in the LE. Seven training programs agreed to facilitate administration of the LEP survey at four hospitals in Ottawa, Canada. The survey was carried out iteratively between 2013 and 2020. A total of 3783 LE ratings of training programs and hospitals were assessed longitudinally using univariate linear regression. A Bonferroni corrected p-value of ≤.0045 was used to account for multiple comparisons. Positive professional behaviours were observed across time with some of the negative behaviors having improved. A negative signal was found, with attendings appearing to be treating patients unfairly because of their financial status, ethnic background, sexual or religious preferences. Applying LEP survey longitudinally across diverse training programs and institutions is feasible and may assist programs to identify areas requiring attention and acknowledging areas of exemplary professionalism. Continuous monitoring of LE to meet requirements of accrediting bodies can also be considered an important quality improvement metric.
{"title":"Professionalism in Residency Training: The Learning Environment for Professionalism Survey.","authors":"Anna Byszewski, Alexander Pearson, Heather Lochnan, Donna L Johnston, Sharon Whiting, Timothy J Wood","doi":"10.1177/01632787241286912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241286912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Role modelling is important in developing professionalism with a need for reliable, evidence-based tools to assess professionalism in the learning environment (LE). The Learning Environment for Professionalism (LEP) survey is brief, anonymous and balanced assessing medical trainees' and attendings' positive and negative professionalism behaviours that can be tracked longitudinally and identify problem areas in the LE. Seven training programs agreed to facilitate administration of the LEP survey at four hospitals in Ottawa, Canada. The survey was carried out iteratively between 2013 and 2020. A total of 3783 LE ratings of training programs and hospitals were assessed longitudinally using univariate linear regression. A Bonferroni corrected <i>p</i>-value of ≤.0045 was used to account for multiple comparisons. Positive professional behaviours were observed across time with some of the negative behaviors having improved. A negative signal was found, with attendings appearing to be treating patients unfairly because of their financial status, ethnic background, sexual or religious preferences. Applying LEP survey longitudinally across diverse training programs and institutions is feasible and may assist programs to identify areas requiring attention and acknowledging areas of exemplary professionalism. Continuous monitoring of LE to meet requirements of accrediting bodies can also be considered an important quality improvement metric.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241286912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This systematic review provides an overview of the unique challenges allied health professions face in the translation and implementation of evidence into practice, which remain relatively under reported and uninformed by a theoretical basis of behaviour change. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Scopus databases from 2010 to 2022 were searched for primary study designs resulting in 21 articles included in this review (PROSPERO: 2022 CRD42022314996). Allied health disciplines reported in the review were mainly from occupational therapy, physiotherapy, dietetics, and speech pathology. The most frequently reported implementation determinants across the Theoretical Domains Framework were identified as 'environmental context and resources', and 'knowledge'. The results also identified a greater influence of 'social influences' and 'beliefs about consequences' in implementation. Implementing evidence into clinical practice is a multifaceted, complex process, and the use of the Theoretical Domains Framework provided a systematic approach to understanding the drivers behind the target behaviours. However, there is a paucity of studies across the allied health professions that describe implementation strategies used and their impact. Many of the studies focused on implementation by the individual clinician rather than the role organizations can play in the translation of evidence into practice.
{"title":"Factors Influencing the Translation of Evidence Into Clinical Practice for Hospital Allied Health Professionals in Terms of the Domains of Behaviour Change Theory: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jacqueline Batchelor, Cameron Hemmert, Isabelle Meulenbroeks, Crystal Tang, Reema Harrison, Rajna Ogrin, Andrew Baillie, Mitchell Sarkies","doi":"10.1177/01632787241285993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241285993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review provides an overview of the unique challenges allied health professions face in the translation and implementation of evidence into practice, which remain relatively under reported and uninformed by a theoretical basis of behaviour change. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Scopus databases from 2010 to 2022 were searched for primary study designs resulting in 21 articles included in this review (PROSPERO: 2022 CRD42022314996). Allied health disciplines reported in the review were mainly from occupational therapy, physiotherapy, dietetics, and speech pathology. The most frequently reported implementation determinants across the Theoretical Domains Framework were identified as 'environmental context and resources', and 'knowledge'. The results also identified a greater influence of 'social influences' and 'beliefs about consequences' in implementation. Implementing evidence into clinical practice is a multifaceted, complex process, and the use of the Theoretical Domains Framework provided a systematic approach to understanding the drivers behind the target behaviours. However, there is a paucity of studies across the allied health professions that describe implementation strategies used and their impact. Many of the studies focused on implementation by the individual clinician rather than the role organizations can play in the translation of evidence into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241285993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1177/01632787241281745
David Buetti, Michael Fitzgerald, Cassandra Barber, Patrick R Labelle, Isabelle Bourgeois, Tim Aubry, Erin Cameron, Claire E Kendall
Contribution Analysis (CA) is a promising theory-based evaluation approach for complex interventions, yet its application in health interventions remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, we conducted a scoping review to examine the extent of such applications and the methodologies, strengths, and limitations of this approach in health programming. Our comprehensive search strategy was developed and used in 15 databases to identify peer-reviewed articles from 1999 to 2023 that focused on using CA to evaluate health interventions. We then implemented rigorous double- and triple-screening processes for abstracts and full-text papers, respectively. Data were extracted and narratively summarized. Our review found seven relevant studies, which showed that CA has been employed in health promotion programs, health policies, and targeted health issues such as nutrition, cardiovascular disease, substance misuse, and suicide prevention. The studies identified strengths of using CA, including its flexible impact evaluation approach, capacity to inform decision-making, and potential to enhance understanding of health programs and policies. However, challenges such as how to determine suitable evidence levels and how to best manage resource intensity were also identified. The limited number of studies indicates that CA is still a novel approach, whereas the variation in the reporting of the studies suggests that this approach could benefit from more standardized methods and detailed stakeholder engagement strategies.
贡献分析(CA)是一种基于理论的复杂干预措施评估方法,前景广阔,但其在卫生干预措施中的应用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。为了弥补这一差距,我们进行了一次范围界定综述,以研究这种方法在卫生计划中的应用范围、方法、优势和局限性。我们制定了全面的检索策略,并在 15 个数据库中进行了检索,以确定 1999 年至 2023 年期间使用 CA 评估健康干预措施的同行评审文章。然后,我们分别对摘要和全文进行了严格的双重和三重筛选。我们提取了数据并进行了叙述性总结。我们的综述发现了 7 项相关研究,这些研究表明,CA 已被应用于健康促进计划、健康政策以及营养、心血管疾病、药物滥用和自杀预防等目标健康问题中。这些研究指出了使用 CA 的优势,包括其灵活的影响评估方法、为决策提供信息的能力以及增强对健康计划和政策的理解的潜力。然而,也发现了一些挑战,如如何确定合适的证据水平以及如何最好地管理资源强度。有限的研究数量表明,CA 仍是一种新方法,而研究报告的差异表明,这种方法可受益于更标准化的方法和详细的利益相关者参与策略。
{"title":"The Use of Contribution Analysis in Evaluating Health Interventions: A Scoping Review.","authors":"David Buetti, Michael Fitzgerald, Cassandra Barber, Patrick R Labelle, Isabelle Bourgeois, Tim Aubry, Erin Cameron, Claire E Kendall","doi":"10.1177/01632787241281745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787241281745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contribution Analysis (CA) is a promising theory-based evaluation approach for complex interventions, yet its application in health interventions remains largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, we conducted a scoping review to examine the extent of such applications and the methodologies, strengths, and limitations of this approach in health programming. Our comprehensive search strategy was developed and used in 15 databases to identify peer-reviewed articles from 1999 to 2023 that focused on using CA to evaluate health interventions. We then implemented rigorous double- and triple-screening processes for abstracts and full-text papers, respectively. Data were extracted and narratively summarized. Our review found seven relevant studies, which showed that CA has been employed in health promotion programs, health policies, and targeted health issues such as nutrition, cardiovascular disease, substance misuse, and suicide prevention. The studies identified strengths of using CA, including its flexible impact evaluation approach, capacity to inform decision-making, and potential to enhance understanding of health programs and policies. However, challenges such as how to determine suitable evidence levels and how to best manage resource intensity were also identified. The limited number of studies indicates that CA is still a novel approach, whereas the variation in the reporting of the studies suggests that this approach could benefit from more standardized methods and detailed stakeholder engagement strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787241281745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1177/01632787231180275
Arwa Nemir, Marion Pearson, Vanessa Kitchin, Kerry Wilbur
The aim of this scoping review is to outline the existing landscape of how real patients participate in the workplace-based assessment of trainees across diverse healthcare professions. In 2019-2020, the authors searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science databases for studies that included descriptions of experiences whereby patients received care from a health professional trainee and participated in workplace-based assessments of that trainee. Full-text articles published in English from 2009 to 2020 were included in the search. Of the 8770 studies screened; 77 full-text articles were included. Analysis showed that strategies for patient participation in workplace-based assessment varied widely. Aspects studied ranged from validation of an assessment tool to evaluation of the impact of an educational intervention on trainees' performance. Assessment of patient satisfaction was the most common approach to patient involvement. The majority of studies were conducted in North America and in the context of physician training. Formal patient participation in the assessment of health professional trainees appears heterogeneous across health professions. Gaps in the literature are evident; therefore, this review points to an inclusive approach to workplace-based assessment to ensure patient feedback of the trainees who care for them is represented.
本范围综述旨在概述不同医疗保健专业中真实患者如何参与对受训者进行基于工作场所的评估的现有情况。在 2019-2020 年期间,作者检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、PsycINFO、ERIC 和 Web of Science 数据库,以查找包含患者接受医疗专业受训人员护理并参与对该受训人员进行基于工作场所评估的经历描述的研究。检索包括 2009 年至 2020 年发表的英文全文文章。在筛选出的 8770 项研究中,有 77 篇全文文章被收录。分析表明,患者参与基于工作场所的评估的策略差异很大。研究内容从评估工具的验证到教育干预对学员表现影响的评估不等。评估患者满意度是最常见的患者参与方式。大多数研究都是在北美进行的,并以医生培训为背景。患者正式参与对卫生专业受训人员的评估在各卫生专业中似乎各不相同。文献中的空白是显而易见的;因此,本综述指出了一种基于工作场所的包容性评估方法,以确保护理受训者的患者反馈得到体现。
{"title":"Real Patient Participation in Workplace-Based Assessment of Health Professional Trainees: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Arwa Nemir, Marion Pearson, Vanessa Kitchin, Kerry Wilbur","doi":"10.1177/01632787231180275","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787231180275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this scoping review is to outline the existing landscape of how real patients participate in the workplace-based assessment of trainees across diverse healthcare professions. In 2019-2020, the authors searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, and Web of Science databases for studies that included descriptions of experiences whereby patients received care from a health professional trainee and participated in workplace-based assessments of that trainee. Full-text articles published in English from 2009 to 2020 were included in the search. Of the 8770 studies screened; 77 full-text articles were included. Analysis showed that strategies for patient participation in workplace-based assessment varied widely. Aspects studied ranged from validation of an assessment tool to evaluation of the impact of an educational intervention on trainees' performance. Assessment of patient satisfaction was the most common approach to patient involvement. The majority of studies were conducted in North America and in the context of physician training. Formal patient participation in the assessment of health professional trainees appears heterogeneous across health professions. Gaps in the literature are evident; therefore, this review points to an inclusive approach to workplace-based assessment to ensure patient feedback of the trainees who care for them is represented.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"283-295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9540655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1177/01632787231177473
Sanghun Nam, Brian Downer, Suna Cha, Jae-Sung Choi, Seungmin Yang, Ickpyo Hong
We aimed to calculate disability-adjusted life expectancy (DALE) for Korean older adults based on their sex, educational attainment, and residential region across their cognitive status. We included 3,854 participants (aged 65-91 years) from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging's seventh survey data. The participant's cognitive function status (normal, moderately impaired, or severely impaired) was determined based on cognitive examination and physical function independence, which was used to calculate their DALE. Females with normal cognition had higher DALE (7.60 years, Standard Deviation (SD) = 3.88) than males (6.76, SD = 3.40); however, both sexes had comparable DALE for cognitive impairment. In contrast, the DALE values increased with higher educational achievements. Regarding residential areas, the DALE value for participants with normal cognition and moderate impairment was the highest among urban dwellers, while DALE for participants with severely impaired cognitive function was highest among rural dwellers; however, there were no statistically significant differences based on residential conditions. Our findings suggest that demographic characteristics should be considered when developing health policies and treatment strategies to meet the needs of the aging population in Korea.
{"title":"Disability-Adjusted Life Expectancy and Cognitive Function among Community-Dwelling Adults.","authors":"Sanghun Nam, Brian Downer, Suna Cha, Jae-Sung Choi, Seungmin Yang, Ickpyo Hong","doi":"10.1177/01632787231177473","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787231177473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to calculate disability-adjusted life expectancy (DALE) for Korean older adults based on their sex, educational attainment, and residential region across their cognitive status. We included 3,854 participants (aged 65-91 years) from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging's seventh survey data. The participant's cognitive function status (normal, moderately impaired, or severely impaired) was determined based on cognitive examination and physical function independence, which was used to calculate their DALE. Females with normal cognition had higher DALE (7.60 years, Standard Deviation (SD) = 3.88) than males (6.76, SD = 3.40); however, both sexes had comparable DALE for cognitive impairment. In contrast, the DALE values increased with higher educational achievements. Regarding residential areas, the DALE value for participants with normal cognition and moderate impairment was the highest among urban dwellers, while DALE for participants with severely impaired cognitive function was highest among rural dwellers; however, there were no statistically significant differences based on residential conditions. Our findings suggest that demographic characteristics should be considered when developing health policies and treatment strategies to meet the needs of the aging population in Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1177/01632787231218993
Roberto Laza-Cagigas, Marcos Seijo, Ian Swaine, Tara Rampal, Fernando Naclerio
Surgical prehabilitation aims to optimise patients' physiological reserves to better withstand the stress of surgery, reduce the risk of postoperative complications, and promote a faster and optimal recovery. The purpose of this commentary is to outline the key aspects of prehabilitation before surgery for cancer which seem to impact its effectiveness and wider implementation. Particular attention is paid to the role and integration of resistance training programmes as a key component of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with cancer. We firstly analyse some of the barriers currently hindering the implementation of prehabilitation programmes in the National Health Service (United Kingdom). Later, we describe essential aspects of resistance training design, such as exercise modality and order execution, volume and intensity, rest periods between sets or exercises, and workout frequency. Furthermore, we propose a methodology to use the perception of effort to control patients' progression during a prehabilitation programme.
{"title":"Commentary: Key Aspects of Multimodal Prehabilitation in Surgical Patients With Cancer. A Practical Approach to Integrating Resistance Exercise Programs.","authors":"Roberto Laza-Cagigas, Marcos Seijo, Ian Swaine, Tara Rampal, Fernando Naclerio","doi":"10.1177/01632787231218993","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787231218993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical prehabilitation aims to optimise patients' physiological reserves to better withstand the stress of surgery, reduce the risk of postoperative complications, and promote a faster and optimal recovery. The purpose of this commentary is to outline the key aspects of prehabilitation before surgery for cancer which seem to impact its effectiveness and wider implementation. Particular attention is paid to the role and integration of resistance training programmes as a key component of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with cancer. We firstly analyse some of the barriers currently hindering the implementation of prehabilitation programmes in the National Health Service (United Kingdom). Later, we describe essential aspects of resistance training design, such as exercise modality and order execution, volume and intensity, rest periods between sets or exercises, and workout frequency. Furthermore, we propose a methodology to use the perception of effort to control patients' progression during a prehabilitation programme.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"336-342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138458942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}