Postharvest quality deterioration in fruits and vegetables, driven primarily by cellular respiration and microbial growth, demands effective preservation strategies. To address this, we developed a multifunctional low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-based packaging film incorporating aminated diatomite as CO₂-selective channels and polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified ZnO nanoparticles for enhanced gas selectivity and antibacterial performance. The results showed that diatomite, successfully aminated via N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane grafting, exhibiting improved CO₂/O₂ selectivity and dispersion within the polymer matrix. Through extrusion casting, films containing 1–5 wt% aminated diatomite were prepared, with the 3 % formulation demonstrating a 54.9 % enhancement in CO₂/O₂ selectivity compared to pure LDPE. Subsequently, PEI-ZnO particles, synthesized via electrostatic deposition with 5–25 % PEI, showed optimal antibacterial performance at 10 % PEI modification. The composite film containing 3 % aminated diatomite and 1 % PEI-ZnO exhibited maximal CO₂/O₂ permeability ratio (P(CO₂)/P(O₂)) and water vapor transmission rate, along with exceptional antibacterial activity (98.71 % and 99 % inhibition against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively). Strawberry preservation tests at 4 °C revealed that the optimized film effectively regulated the internal atmosphere, significantly mitigating quality deterioration (including weight loss, color change, firmness reduction, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and total microbial count), thereby extending shelf life to 22 days. These findings demonstrate the potential of this gas-regulating antibacterial film for advanced postharvest preservation applications.
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