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Isolation, Characterization, and Pathogenicity of an Aeromonas veronii Strain Causing Disease in Rhinogobio ventralis 引起腹腔犀牛疾病的 veronii 气单胞菌菌株的分离、特征和致病性
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9050188
Xing-bing Wu, Baolin Cheng, Mingyang Xue, Nan Jiang, Xuemei Li, Xiaona Hu, Xiaoli Li, Tingbing Zhu, Yongjiu Zhu, Yong Zhou
Rhinogobio ventralis is a rare fish found in the Yangtze River in China and has significant ecological and economic value. In this study, a bacterial strain (RV-JZ01) was isolated from the livers of diseased R. ventralis. This isolate was identified as Aeromonas veronii based on its morphology, biochemical features and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis. The artificial infection of healthy R. ventralis (16 ± 2 cm) with RV-JZ01 resulted in the manifestation of clinical symptoms, in accordance with those of naturally infected fish. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of RV-JZ01 for R. ventralis was 6.3 × 106 CFU/mL. Histopathological examination revealed various pathological changes in the diseased fish, including intestinal villus swelling and rupture, hepatocyte vacuolization, renal tubular cell nuclear enlargement and pyknosis, and myocardial fiber fracture and atrophy. RV-JZ01 infection significantly reduced the gut flora diversity of R. ventralis, with the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria increasing, and those of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreasing. The abundance of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus dramatically increased, and the abundance of Clostridium and Escherichia reduced in the intestinal microbiota of R. ventralis infected with RV-JZ01. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that RV-JZ01 was highly susceptible to 12 antimicrobials, including erythromycin, cefalexin, norfloxacin, furazolidone, sulfonamides, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, piperacillin, florfenicol, gentamicin, and lincomycin. These results contribute to the understanding of pathological alterations in R. ventralis following A. veronii infection, offering valuable data to support the implementation of disease treatment.
腹棘鲷是中国长江中的一种珍稀鱼类,具有重要的生态和经济价值。本研究从患病腹甲犀鱼的肝脏中分离出一株细菌(RV-JZ01)。根据该菌株的形态、生化特征和 16S rDNA 系统进化分析,将其鉴定为 Aeromonas veronii。用 RV-JZ01 人工感染健康的腹黑鱼(16 ± 2 厘米)后,会出现与自然感染鱼类相同的临床症状。RV-JZ01 对腹鱼的 50%致死剂量(LD50)为 6.3 × 106 CFU/mL。组织病理学检查发现病鱼有多种病理变化,包括肠绒毛肿胀和破裂、肝细胞空泡化、肾小管细胞核增大和脓缩、心肌纤维断裂和萎缩。感染 RV-JZ01 后,腹鳍金眼鲷肠道菌群多样性明显降低,固缩菌和镰刀菌的相对丰度增加,而变形菌和类杆菌的相对丰度降低。在感染了 RV-JZ01 的腹腔蛙肠道微生物群中,乳酸杆菌和链球菌的丰度急剧增加,而梭状芽孢杆菌和埃希氏菌的丰度则有所下降。抗生素敏感性测试显示,RV-JZ01 对 12 种抗菌药物高度敏感,包括红霉素、头孢氨苄、诺氟沙星、呋喃唑酮、磺胺类药物、恩诺沙星、强力霉素、哌拉西林、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素和林可霉素。这些结果有助于人们了解腹甲虫感染维龙菌后的病理变化,为实施疾病治疗提供了宝贵的数据支持。
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引用次数: 0
Merits of Multi-Indicator Precautionary Approach Management in a Male-Only Crab Fishery 仅捕捞雄蟹的多指标预防性管理方法的优点
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9050187
Darrell R. J. Mullowney, Krista D. Baker, Julia Pantin, William Coffey, Kyle Lefort, Katie Morrissey
Snow crab replaced groundfish fisheries as the primary focus of the Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) fishing industry in the mid-1990s. Over the past three decades, management philosophies in this male-only fishery have shifted from promoting industry expansion to promoting industry rationalization to implementing Precautionary Approach (PA) management. Until the mid-2010s, there were regionalized management strategies characterized by higher exploitation rates in northern than southern sub-stock units along the NL marine shelves. However, in the late 2010s, exploitation rates were permitted to elevate to high levels across the entire stock range in association with a large resource decline, and evidence of biological harm through fishing emerged in chronically depleted areas. In 2019, when stock and fishery productivity were near historical lows, a multi-indicator PA system was informally introduced into the management of the resource. This event coincided with anticipated improvements in stock and fishery performance. This paper examines the extent to which the multi-indicator PA management system, focused on the promotion of both biological protection and maximization of fishing efficiency, may have contributed to recent improvements in stock and fishery status. A suite of indicators from areas implementing PA guidance into management in 2019 prior to the formal adoption of the PA system in 2023 suggest the system has been highly beneficial in promoting rapid recovery and improving stock and fishery performance metrics to levels matching or exceeding historical levels under similar conditions. We discuss the capacity of the system to better safeguard biological aspects of resource and fisheries productivity moving forward under a scenario of an expectant resource decline.
20 世纪 90 年代中期,雪蟹取代底层鱼类渔业成为纽芬兰和拉布拉多(NL)渔业的主要重点。在过去的三十年里,这一只捕捞雄性鱼类的渔业管理理念从促进产业扩张转变为促进产业合理化,再转变为实施预防性方法(PA)管理。直到 2010 年代中期,一直实行区域化管理战略,其特点是北大西洋海洋陆架北部子种群单元的开发率高于南部子种群单元。然而,在 2010 年代后期,随着资源的大量减少,整个种群范围的开发率被允许提高到较高水平,并且在长期枯竭的区域出现了捕捞造成生物损害的证据。2019 年,当种群和渔业生产力接近历史最低水平时,在资源管理中非正式引入了多指标 PA 系统。这一事件与预期的种群和渔业绩效改善相吻合。本文探讨了多指标保护区管理系统在多大程度上促进了近期种群和渔业状况的改善,该系统的重点是促进生物保护和渔业效率最大化。在 2023 年正式采用保护区系统之前,2019 年在管理中实施保护区指导的地区的一系列指标表明,该系统非常有利于促进快速恢复,并将种群和渔业绩效指标提高到符合或超过类似条件下的历史水平。我们讨论了该系统在预期资源衰退的情况下更好地保护资源生物方面和渔业生产力的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Light Intensity of Phosphorescent-Netting Pots and Determining Their Visibility to Snow Crab (Chionoecetes opilio) Using Visual Modeling Techniques 利用视觉建模技术确定磷光网箱的光强度和雪蟹(Chionoecetes opilio)的可见度
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9050185
Colin Frank, S. M. Bayse, Rioghnach Steiner, Pierre-Paul Bitton
This study explores the visibility of phosphorescent-netting pots to snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) using visual modeling techniques. Light emitted from such pots increases catch per unit effort, yet little is understood about the factors driving these higher catch rates. In this study, we measure pot light emission and snow crab visual acuity. Combining these data with estimates obtained in the literature for other biotic and abiotic factors, we model snow crab vision in relation to the pots. Utilizing these factors and environmental conditions, we derive a contrast ratio between the pot light and the ambient light. Findings reveal that the visibility of pot lights at 200-m depth depends primarily on solar angle (time of day) and time elapsed post-deployment. Additional factors influencing the vision of the pots include water column quality and benthic boundary layer turbidity. This study is the first to model the visual ecology of snow crab and the first to estimate snow crab visual acuity. These insights into snow crab visual ecology can potentially enhance fishing techniques, promote catch efficiency and sustainability, and help provide a path forward for visual ecology research in the fisheries science field.
这项研究利用视觉建模技术探索了磷光网箱对雪蟹(Chionoecetes opilio)的可见度。此类网箱发出的光可提高单位努力量的捕获量,但人们对提高捕获率的驱动因素知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们测量了锅的光辐射和雪蟹的视觉敏锐度。结合这些数据以及文献中对其他生物和非生物因素的估计,我们建立了雪蟹视力与锅的关系模型。利用这些因素和环境条件,我们得出了锅具光线与环境光线的对比度。研究结果表明,200 米深处的锅灯能见度主要取决于太阳角度(一天中的时间)和部署后的时间。影响锅灯可见度的其他因素还包括水体质量和底栖边界层浊度。这项研究首次建立了雪蟹视觉生态模型,并首次估算了雪蟹的视觉敏锐度。对雪蟹视觉生态学的这些见解有可能改进捕捞技术,提高捕捞效率和可持续性,并有助于为渔业科学领域的视觉生态学研究提供前进的道路。
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引用次数: 0
Another One Bites the Net: Assessing the Economic Impacts of Lagocephalus sceleratus on Small-Scale Fisheries in Greece 又有人上钩了:评估 Lagocephalus sceleratus 对希腊小型渔业的经济影响
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030104
Georgios Christidis, S. Batziakas, P. Peristeraki, E. Tzanatos, S. Somarakis, G. Tserpes
The assessment of the economic impacts of marine invasive species is fundamental for adopting mitigation measures, yet such impacts have been underreported in the Mediterranean Sea. The silver-cheeked toadfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) is a toxic pufferfish that since its introduction has seriously disturbed small-scale fisheries along the eastern Mediterranean coast. This species depredates on fishing gears, causing damage to nets, longlines and commercial catches. To quantify its economic impact on small-scale fisheries, we interviewed 141 fishers from Crete (Cretan and Libyan Sea) and the Ionian Sea (Greece) during May 2020–December 2022. The mean annual economic cost resulting from L. sceleratus depredation was estimated at EUR 6315 ± 2620 per vessel in Crete and EUR 258 ± 120 in the Ionian Sea. Additionally, observer surveys carried out on board small-scale fishing vessels in Crete showed that depredation probability was significantly influenced by fishing depth, sea surface temperature, gear type (nets, longlines) and region (Cretan, Libyan Sea). L. sceleratus was caught more frequently and in higher numbers in the Libyan Sea. In response to depredation, fishers in Crete have altered their fishing tactics in terms of fishing in deeper waters, reducing fishing time and changing the technical characteristics of fishing gears. Our results underscore the adverse impacts of L. sceleratus on Greek small-scale fishers, emphasizing the need for region-specific management plans where the species establishes large populations.
对海洋入侵物种的经济影响进行评估是采取缓解措施的基础,但在地中海,对此类影响的报告却不足。银颊蟾鱼(Lagocephalus sceleratus)是一种有毒河豚,自引入以来严重干扰了地中海东部沿海的小型渔业。该物种掠夺渔具,对渔网、延绳和商业渔获物造成损害。为了量化其对小型渔业的经济影响,我们在 2020 年 5 月至 2022 年 12 月期间采访了克里特岛(克里特岛和利比亚海)和爱奥尼亚海(希腊)的 141 名渔民。据估计,L. sceleratus 破坏造成的年平均经济损失在克里特岛为每船 6315 ± 2620 欧元,在爱奥尼亚海为 258 ± 120 欧元。此外,在克里特岛小型渔船上进行的观察调查显示,破坏概率受捕捞深度、海面温度、渔具类型(网具、延绳钓)和区域(克里特岛、利比亚海)的显著影响。在利比亚海,L. sceleratus 被捕获的频率更高,数量也更多。为了应对捕食行为,克里特岛的渔民改变了捕捞策略,在更深的水域捕捞,减少捕捞时间,并改变渔具的技术特性。我们的研究结果凸显了L. sceleratus对希腊小型渔户的不利影响,强调了在该物种大量繁殖的地区制定特定区域管理计划的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Potential Immune-Related Genes of Head Kidney in the Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) Challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila 转录组分析揭示黄颡鱼头部肾脏受嗜水气单胞菌感染的潜在免疫相关基因
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030100
Senhao Jiang, Yuting Lei, Ti Wang, Ruiting Ma, Chunqiang Hou, Qiuning Liu
Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an important freshwater fish species in aquaculture. However, as intensive farming has rapidly expanded, infectious diseases caused by various bacteria, such as Aeromonas hydrophila, have also increased. We conducted a transcriptomic analysis of head kidney from P. fulvidraco stimulated by A. hydrophila strain SHOU. A total of 43,249 unigenes with an average length of 1342 bp were obtained following assembly and annotation. By analyzing GO and KEGG enrichment, many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways related to immunity were identified. Out of the 973 DEGs that were identified, 553 were upregulated and 420 were downregulated. Moreover, KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the innate immune system, including the TNF signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway involved in the defense, is activated against infectious response. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that immune response genes were upregulated in response to A. hydrophila stimulation compared to the control. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the immune defense mechanism of P. fulvidraco and sheds light on the host immune genes involved in the response to bacterial infection.
黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)是一种重要的淡水养殖鱼类。然而,随着集约化养殖规模的迅速扩大,由嗜水气单胞菌等多种细菌引起的传染性疾病也随之增加。我们对受嗜水气单胞菌株 SHOU 刺激的黄颡鱼头肾进行了转录组分析。经过组装和注释,共获得 43,249 个平均长度为 1342 bp 的单基因。通过分析 GO 和 KEGG 富集,发现了许多与免疫相关的差异表达基因(DEG)和通路。在鉴定出的 973 个 DEGs 中,553 个上调,420 个下调。此外,KEGG富集分析显示,先天性免疫系统(包括 TNF 信号通路、NF-kappa B 信号通路和参与防御的 Toll 样受体信号通路)在感染反应中被激活。实时定量反转录-PCR(qRT-PCR)分析表明,与对照组相比,免疫反应基因在蚜虫刺激下上调。总之,本研究为了解富维德氏梭鱼的免疫防御机制提供了宝贵的信息,并揭示了参与细菌感染反应的宿主免疫基因。
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引用次数: 0
Polystyrene Micro- and Nanoplastics (PS MNPs): A Review of Recent Advances in the Use of -Omics in PS MNP Toxicity Studies on Aquatic Organisms 聚苯乙烯微塑料和纳米塑料(PS MNPs):在 PS MNP 对水生生物的毒性研究中使用 -Omics 的最新进展综述
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030098
Maria Concetta Eliso, Barbara Billè, T. Cappello, M. Maisano
In recent years, micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) have represented an emerging threat for the aquatic environment due to their persistence and widespread distribution. Indeed, their small size and increased surface area lead to a high biological reactivity, which can be crucial for the health status of biota. To date, several studies have investigated lethal and sublethal endpoints of MNPs, while one of the main challenges is to understand their mechanisms of toxicity in a comprehensive manner. With this aim, the field of aquatic ecotoxicology can now benefit from the -omics approaches. This review focuses on the recent advances related to the use of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to deeply investigate the molecular and biochemical responses of aquatic organisms, both fishes and aquatic invertebrates, to pristine polystyrene (PS) MNPs. The literature reviewed revealed that transcriptomics and metabolomics are the most frequently used -omic approaches. Overall, the studies taken into consideration shed light on the events triggered by PS MNPs at molecular and cellular levels, identifying as mechanisms of toxicity the pathways involved in oxidative stress, energy metabolism, immune response, and the nervous system. Future studies should therefore focus on the use and integration of multi-omics approaches for a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms involved in MNPs toxicity.
近年来,微塑料和纳米塑料(MNPs)因其持久性和广泛分布而成为水生环境的新威胁。事实上,它们体积小、表面积大,因此具有很高的生物反应性,这对生物群的健康状况至关重要。迄今为止,已有多项研究对 MNPs 的致死和亚致死终点进行了调查,而主要挑战之一是全面了解其毒性机制。为了实现这一目标,水生生态毒理学领域现在可以从-组学方法中获益。本综述重点介绍了利用转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学深入研究水生生物(包括鱼类和水生无脊椎动物)对原始聚苯乙烯(PS)MNP 的分子和生化反应的最新进展。查阅的文献显示,转录组学和代谢组学是最常用的组学方法。总之,所考虑的研究揭示了 PS MNP 在分子和细胞水平引发的事件,确定了氧化应激、能量代谢、免疫反应和神经系统所涉及的毒性机制。因此,未来的研究应侧重于使用和整合多组学方法,以便更全面地了解 MNPs 的毒性机制。
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引用次数: 0
Applications of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Aquaculture: Effect on Fish Pathogenic Bacteria 抗菌光动力疗法在水产养殖中的应用:对鱼类致病细菌的影响
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030099
Edith Dube, G. Okuthe
Increased infectious diseases and the reduced effectiveness of antibiotics due to antimicrobial resistance pose global challenges affecting the aquaculture industry. As bacteria increasingly develop antibiotic resistance, research scientists are shifting their focus to technologies such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), which show potential for treating and controlling fish infections without promoting the development of resistant bacteria. Various photosensitizers (PSs), both natural and synthetic, are under investigation for their application in aPDT within the aquaculture industry. This shift is crucial for the sustainability of the aquaculture industry, which plays a significant role in achieving several of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This review highlights the application of aPDT against fish pathogens in the industry and the types of PSs utilized. It also explores the potential application of this technique for treating and controlling fish infections, along with the advantages and limitations of its use in aquaculture production systems. Finally, a conclusion and future perspectives are provided.
传染病的增加以及抗生素耐药性导致的抗生素效力降低,给水产养殖业带来了全球性挑战。随着细菌越来越多地产生抗药性,科学家们正将研究重点转移到抗菌光动力疗法(aPDT)等技术上,这些技术在治疗和控制鱼类感染的同时,不会促进抗药性细菌的发展。目前正在研究天然和合成的各种光敏剂(PS)在水产养殖业中的应用。这一转变对水产养殖业的可持续发展至关重要,而水产养殖业在实现联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)中发挥着重要作用。本综述重点介绍了针对鱼类病原体的杀虫杀菌剂在该行业中的应用以及所使用的杀虫杀菌剂类型。它还探讨了该技术在治疗和控制鱼类感染方面的潜在应用,以及在水产养殖生产系统中使用该技术的优势和局限性。最后是结论和未来展望。
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引用次数: 0
Farmed Chinese Perch (Siniperca chuatsi) Coinfected with Parasites and Oomycete Pathogens 养殖的中国鲈鱼(鳜鱼)同时感染寄生虫和卵菌病原体
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030097
Xiandong Xu, Yanping Zhang, Liyun Ding, Jiangfeng Huang, Zhiyong Zhou, Wenjing Chen
Farming Chinese perch in aquaculture systems with artificial diets is a new method and developing trend. This method of raising Chinese perch has led to outbreaks of new diseases. In 2022, a disease outbreak occurred among farmed Chinese perch fed an artificial diet in Jiangxi Province, China, during which 50% of the fish died. The clinical signs exhibited by the diseased Chinese perch included decreased physical vitality, anorexia, emaciation, and dorsal fin ulceration with white cysts and flocs. Coinfection with ciliate parasites and an oomycete was found. No pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the microbial test, and the viral detection results were negative. After morphological and 18S or 28S rDNA sequence clustering analysis, the parasites were identified as Epistylis wuhanensis and Zoothamnium sp., while the oomycete was identified as Achlya klebsiana. This article discusses the interaction between parasitic and oomycete coinfections in Chinese perch from the perspective of the characteristics of Chinese perch raised with an artificial diet. The relationships between parasites, oomycete, and fish were also briefly discussed. This is the first report of the coinfection of Chinese perch with Epistylis wuhanensis, Zoothamnium sp. and Achlya klebsiana.
在水产养殖系统中使用人工饲料养殖鲈鱼是一种新方法,也是一种发展趋势。这种养殖鲈鱼的方法导致了新疾病的爆发。2022 年,中国江西省人工饲料养殖的鲈鱼爆发疾病,50% 的鱼死亡。患病中华鲈表现出的临床症状包括体力下降、厌食、消瘦、背鳍溃烂并伴有白色囊肿和絮状物。病鱼同时感染了纤毛寄生虫和一种卵菌。微生物检测未分离出致病菌,病毒检测结果为阴性。经过形态学和 18S 或 28S rDNA 序列聚类分析,寄生虫被鉴定为 Epistylis wuhanensis 和 Zoothamnium sp.,卵菌被鉴定为 Achlya klebsiana。本文从人工饲养鲈鱼的特点出发,探讨了鲈鱼寄生虫与卵菌共感染之间的相互作用。文章还简要讨论了寄生虫、卵菌和鱼类之间的关系。这是首次报道中国鲈鱼同时感染武汉鳗、Zoothamnium sp.和 Achlya klebsiana。
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引用次数: 0
Chemical Cues Released by Predators’ Consumption of Heterospecific Prey Alter the Embryogenesis of Zebrafish 捕食者捕食异性猎物时释放的化学线索会改变斑马鱼的胚胎发育
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030095
Ainuo Lin, Yaxi Li, Zhi Yan, Huilin Zhang, Baozhen Jiang, Jingjing Chen, Derui Wang, Huan Wang, Xiaodong Li, Zhen Lu, Ke Li
Environmentally cued hatching is prevalent, diverse, and crucial to many animals’ survival. Fish embryos use a variety of chemical cues to initiate hatching to avoid potential predators, yet the function of chemical cues released from the predatory consumption of heterospecific prey is largely unknown. Zebra cichlids (Metriaclima estherae) are ferocious predators that can feed on medaka (Oryzias latipes), though it is impossible for this to occur in their natural habitat. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos have been employed as experimental subjects due to their sensitivity to a variety of chemical signals. In this study, zebrafish embryos were subjected to three types of chemical signals: predator cues (PCs, released from cichlids), heterospecific cues (HCs, released from medaka), and heterospecific dietary cues (HDCs, released from cichlids that have ingested medaka). As a result, the hatching times of zebrafish embryos were accelerated by 6.8% and 12.6% by PCs and HDCs, respectively. PCs and HDCs cause significantly reduced morphology in zebrafish embryos, including regarding total length, eye length, dorsal fin length, trunk height, caudal fin height, and body cavity, and increase yolk sac height. The PCs and HDCs diminished the larvae’s motion at 120 and 144 h post fertilization (hpf), which could be attributed to non-developmental embryogenesis. Overall, the impacts of HDCs on embryonic hatching, developmental morphology, and locomotor were more pronounced in comparison with PCs. Our findings demonstrate that predators’ dietary cues, even those released after predation on heterospecific prey, can modify embryogenesis, highlighting the critical functions of chemical signals in predation risk assessment using embryos.
环境诱导孵化普遍存在,种类繁多,对许多动物的生存至关重要。鱼类胚胎利用各种化学线索启动孵化,以避开潜在的捕食者,但捕食异种猎物时释放的化学线索的功能在很大程度上是未知的。斑马慈鲷(Metriaclima estherae)是一种凶猛的捕食者,可以捕食青鳉(Oryzias latipes),但这在其自然栖息地是不可能发生的。斑马鱼(Danio rerio)胚胎对各种化学信号非常敏感,因此被用作实验对象。在这项研究中,斑马鱼胚胎受到了三种化学信号的影响:捕食者信号(PCs,由慈鲷释放)、异特异性信号(HCs,由青鱼释放)和异特异性饮食信号(HDCs,由摄入青鱼的慈鲷释放)。结果,PCs 和 HDCs 分别使斑马鱼胚胎的孵化时间加快了 6.8% 和 12.6%。多氯联苯和多氯联苯会导致斑马鱼胚胎的形态显著降低,包括总长、眼长、背鳍长、躯干高、尾鳍高和体腔,并增加卵黄囊高度。多氯化萘和多氯化萘可减少受精后 120 和 144 h(hpf)幼体的运动,这可能归因于胚胎的非发育过程。总体而言,与多氯联苯相比,HDCs对胚胎孵化、发育形态和运动的影响更为明显。我们的研究结果表明,捕食者的膳食线索,甚至是捕食异种猎物后释放的膳食线索,都能改变胚胎的发育,突出了化学信号在利用胚胎进行捕食风险评估中的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Collichthys lucidus Species in Offshore Waters of Zhejiang Province, China 中国浙江省近海水域裸鲤物种的分布特征及驱动因素
IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9030083
Wendan Xuan, Hongliang Zhang, Haobo Zhang, Tian Wu, Yongdong Zhou, Wenbin Zhu
Collichthys lucidus is a small fish found in offshore waters that is economically important for China. It is imperative to understand its distribution characteristics and driving factors. Based on survey data of trawl fishery resources offshore of Zhejiang province, China, in spring (April) and autumn (November) from 2018 to 2022, the spatial and temporal distributions of C. lucidus in this area were analyzed. The random forest (RF) model was used to determine the important marine factors affecting the distribution of C. lucidus. The relationship between the distributions of the important variables was analyzed. The results showed that C. lucidus was mainly distributed in coastal waters. The tail density of the species exhibited obvious seasonal variation and was significantly greater in autumn than in spring. The most important factor affecting the distribution of this species in spring and autumn was water depth. The bottom temperature, bottom salinity and dissolved oxygen concentration were also important influencing factors. The importance of these factors differed among the different seasons, while the chlorophyll a concentration and pH had no significant effect on the species distribution. This study revealed the distribution pattern of C. lucidus in offshore waters of Zhejiang Province and the influence of important marine factors on its distribution. This study can enrich the survey data on C. lucidus and provide basic data for its scientific management and protection.
裸鲤是一种分布于近海水域的小型鱼类,对中国具有重要的经济价值。了解其分布特征和驱动因素势在必行。基于2018年至2022年中国浙江省近海春(4月)、秋(11月)拖网渔业资源调查数据,分析了该海域胭脂鱼的时空分布。采用随机森林(RF)模型确定了影响赤潮分布的重要海洋因子。分析了重要变量分布之间的关系。结果表明,C. lucidus 主要分布在近岸海域。该物种的尾密度表现出明显的季节性变化,秋季明显大于春季。影响该物种在春秋两季分布的最重要因素是水深。底温、底盐度和溶解氧浓度也是重要的影响因素。这些因素的重要性在不同季节有所不同,而叶绿素 a 浓度和 pH 值对物种分布没有显著影响。本研究揭示了浙江省近海海域栉孔鲷的分布格局以及重要海洋因子对其分布的影响。该研究可丰富菱角藻的调查资料,为菱角藻的科学管理和保护提供基础数据。
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