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Response of Turbot Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) to Imbalanced Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Diets 大菱鲆(Linnaeus, 1758)对日粮中支链氨基酸不平衡的反应
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8110534
Lu Wang, Jinshi Liu, Yanlu Li, Qiang Ma, Houguo Xu, Mengqing Liang, Yuliang Wei
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of imbalanced dietary BCAAs, especially Leu, on the growth and BCAA metabolism in turbot. A control diet was formulated by keeping optimum levels of Leu, Ile and Val. Four experimental diets were prepared by removing supplemental crystalline Leu (deficiency) or supplementing double the amount of Leu, Ile or Val (excess) in the control diet. The growth was not significantly decreased by an excess of Leu, Ile or Val. Fish fed an excess of any particular BCAA significantly increased its postprandial (2 and 6 h) concentration in the plasma, muscles, and liver, but did not decrease the other two BCAA concentrations. The expression of intestinal b0at1 was down-regulated by excessive dietary Leu, Ile or Val. For BCAA catabolism, the mRNA levels of bcat2 in the muscles as well as bckdha and bckdha in the livers of the Leu-deficient group were the lowest among all the groups, but were up-regulated by excess dietary Leu, Ile or Val. In conclusion, in terms of growth, turbot had high plasticity to an excess of any particular BCAA. Meanwhile, the antagonistic effect caused by an excess of one BCAA were reflected in intestinal amino acid absorption and BCAA catabolism.
本研究旨在探讨饲料中不平衡的支链氨基酸(BCAAs),特别是亮氨酸(Leu)对大菱鲆生长和支链氨基酸代谢的影响。在保持最佳亮氨酸(Leu)、亮氨酸(Ile)和谷氨酸(Val)水平的基础上配制对照饲粮。在对照饲粮中剔除补充结晶亮氨酸(Leu)(不足)或在对照饲粮中双倍添加亮氨酸(Leu)、亮氨酸(Ile)或谷氨酸(Val)(过量),配制4种试验饲粮。过量的亮氨酸、亮氨酸和缬氨酸对鱼的生长没有显著影响。过量喂食任何一种BCAA均显著提高了其餐后(2和6 h)血浆、肌肉和肝脏中的BCAA浓度,但没有降低其他两种BCAA浓度。在BCAA分解代谢方面,低亮氨酸组肌肉和肝脏bcat2 mRNA表达水平最低,而高亮氨酸组、高亮氨酸组和低亮氨酸组bcat2 mRNA表达水平上调。由此可见,在生长方面,大比鱼对任何一种过量的BCAA都具有较高的可塑性。同时,过量一种BCAA引起的拮抗作用体现在肠道氨基酸吸收和BCAA分解代谢中。
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引用次数: 0
No Sex-Specific Effects of Artificial Selection for Relative Telencephalon Size during Detour Learning and Spatial Discrimination in Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) 孔雀鱼绕行学习和空间识别过程中相对端脑大小的人工选择无性别特异性影响
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8110536
Annika Boussard, Stephanie Edlund, Stephanie Fong, David Wheatcroft, Niclas Kolm
Over recent decades, substantial research has focused on fish cognitive evolution to increase our understanding of the evolution of the enormous diversity of cognitive abilities that exists in fishes. One important but understudied aspect of cognitive evolution is sexual dimorphism in cognitive abilities. Sex-specific variation in brain region morphology has been proposed to be an important mechanism in this context. However, it is also common to find sex-specific variation in behavior and cognition without associated differences in brain morphology among the sexes. The telencephalon is the major cognitive center in the vertebrate brain and variation in telencephalon size has been associated with variation in cognition. Here, we utilize recently developed guppy artificial selection lines with ca. 10% differences in relative telencephalon size to investigate whether similar responses to selection of the size of this region may affect cognitive abilities differently in males and females. To that end, we compared two ecologically relevant aspects of cognition, detour learning and binary spatial discrimination. We tested the significance of the interaction between telencephalon size and sex, and we found no sex-specific effects of evolutionary increases in telencephalon size in the cognitive abilities tested. This study indicates that no clear cognitive sex-specific effects occur in response to rapid selection of telencephalon size. We suggest that future research on sexual dimorphism in cognitive abilities in fish could use various cognitive tests and examine telencephalic sub-regions to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their evolution.
近几十年来,大量的研究集中在鱼类的认知进化上,以增加我们对鱼类存在的巨大认知能力多样性进化的理解。认知进化的一个重要但未被充分研究的方面是认知能力的两性二态性。脑区域形态的性别特异性变异被认为是这方面的一个重要机制。然而,在行为和认知上发现性别特异性的差异,而在大脑形态上却没有相关的性别差异,这也是很常见的。端脑是脊椎动物大脑的主要认知中枢,端脑大小的变化与认知能力的变化有关。在这里,我们利用最近开发的具有相对端脑大小约10%差异的孔雀鱼人工选择系来研究对该区域大小选择的相似反应是否会影响雄性和雌性的认知能力差异。为此,我们比较了两个与生态学相关的认知方面,绕行学习和二元空间辨别。我们测试了端脑大小和性别之间相互作用的重要性,我们发现端脑大小的进化增加在认知能力测试中没有性别特异性的影响。本研究表明,端脑大小的快速选择没有明显的认知性别特异性效应。我们建议未来对鱼类认知能力性别二态性的研究可以使用各种认知测试和检查端脑亚区,以获得对其进化的更全面的了解。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Dietary Lipid Supplementation on the Serum Biochemistry, Antioxidant Responses, Initial Immunity, and mTOR Pathway of Juvenile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 饲料中添加脂肪对罗非鱼幼鱼血清生化、抗氧化反应、初始免疫及mTOR通路的影响
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8110535
Yongqiang Liu, Enhao Huang, Yi Xie, Liuqing Meng, Dongsheng Liu, Ziqi Zhang, Jiang Zhou, Qin Zhang, Tong Tong
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different dietary lipid levels on the serum biochemistry, antioxidant responses, initial immunity, and mTOR pathway of juvenile genetic improvement-farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Six groups of the juveniles (initial body weight 20.66 ± 1.33 g) in triplicate were fed for 90 days using six iso-nitrogen diets with different lipid levels (0.35%, 3.35%, 6.35%, 9.35%, 12.35%, and 15.35%). The main results were as follows: Compared with the control group (0.35%), the diets with different lipid supplementation significantly improved (p < 0.05) the contents of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), complement 3 (C3), and immunoglobulin M (IgM), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), lysozyme (LYZ), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the expression level of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), Akt protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) genes in juvenile tilapia. However, diets with different lipid supplementation significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the expression level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) genes of juvenile tilapia. In conclusion, the with different lipid supplementation could significantly affect the serum biochemistry, antioxidant responses, initial immunity, and mTOR pathway of juvenile tilapia.
本试验旨在研究不同饲料脂肪水平对遗传改良罗非鱼幼鱼(GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus)血清生化、抗氧化反应、初始免疫和mTOR通路的影响。选取初始体重为20.66±1.33 g的6组幼鱼,每组3次,分别饲喂6种不同脂质水平(0.35%、3.35%、6.35%、9.35%、12.35%和15.35%)的等氮饲料,饲喂90 d。主要结果如下:与对照组(0.35%)相比,饲粮中添加不同脂质显著提高(p <0.05)总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)、补体3 (C3)和免疫球蛋白M (IgM)的含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、溶菌酶(LYZ)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性,磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)、Akt蛋白激酶B (Akt)和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)基因在罗非鱼幼鱼中的表达水平。然而,饲粮中添加不同的脂质可显著降低(p <0.05)罗非鱼幼鱼肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)基因的表达水平。由此可见,不同脂质添加量对罗非鱼幼鱼的血清生化、抗氧化反应、初始免疫及mTOR通路均有显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization and Functional Evaluation of NK-lysin from Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) 小丑鱼NK-lysin的鉴定与功能评价
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8110533
Dapeng Yu, Haohang Zhao, Yiming Wen, Tao Li, Hongli Xia, Zhiwen Wang, Zhen Gan, Liqun Xia, Jianlin Chen, Yishan Lu
In previous studies, natural killer lysin (NK-lysin) emerged as a crucial antimicrobial peptide (AMP) discharged by NK cells and CTLs. The sequence of NK-lysin was cloned and discovered in some fishes, but its function remains unclear. In our study, we obtained a copy of NK-lysin from the spleen of the healthy clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris; AoNK-lysin) through cloning and proceeded to investigate its potential functions and activities. The findings showed that the AoNK-lysin gene’s open reading frame (ORF) had a length of 465 base pairs (bp) and encoded 154 amino acids (aa), which included a saposin B domain and six cysteine residues that are highly conserved, forming three intrachain disulfide bonds to carry out antimicrobial activity. The AoNK-lysin gene was widely present in different tissues, with the skin showing the highest expression, followed by the eye, intestine, and muscle. Additionally, the expression of AoNK-lysin was significantly upregulated in the immune organs (spleen, gill, intestine, and head kidney) of A. ocellaris after being challenged by Singapore group iridovirus (SGIV). Furthermore, a 399 base pair cDNA sequence that encodes the fully developed peptide of AoNK-lysin was successfully inserted into a secretion plasmid called pPIC9K. Subsequently, a significant amount of the recombinant AoNK-lysin protein was efficiently manufactured using the Pichia pastoris expression system. The antibacterial test demonstrated that the AoNK-lysin protein significantly suppressed the growth of various pathogens, particularly Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus iniae, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aeromonas caviae. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be 7.81 μg/mL. Further analysis of antiviral assays showed all the viral mRNA of SGIV to be significantly reduced after AoNK-lysin protein stimuli in FHM cells. Collectively, these discoveries indicate that AoNK-lysin exhibits features of both direct pathogen-killing abilities and inhibited virus replication.
在以往的研究中,NK-lysin作为一种重要的抗菌肽(AMP)被NK细胞和ctl释放。NK-lysin的序列已被克隆并在一些鱼类中发现,但其功能尚不清楚。在我们的研究中,我们从健康的小丑鱼(Amphiprion ocellaris;通过克隆AoNK-lysin),进一步研究其潜在的功能和活性。结果表明,AoNK-lysin基因的开放阅读框(ORF)长度为465个碱基对(bp),编码154个氨基酸(aa),其中包括一个皂苷B结构域和6个高度保守的半胱氨酸残基,形成3个链内二硫键,具有抗菌活性。AoNK-lysin基因广泛存在于不同组织中,其中皮肤表达量最高,其次是眼睛、肠道和肌肉。此外,AoNK-lysin在新加坡组虹膜病毒(SGIV)攻毒后,在免疫器官(脾脏、鳃、肠和头肾)中的表达显著上调。此外,一个编码AoNK-lysin完全发育肽的399碱基对cDNA序列被成功插入到一个名为pPIC9K的分泌质粒中。随后,利用毕赤酵母表达系统高效地制备了大量重组AoNK-lysin蛋白。抑菌实验表明,AoNK-lysin蛋白能显著抑制多种病原菌的生长,尤其是无乳链球菌、牛链球菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、索尼氏志贺氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌和洞穴气单胞菌。最小抑制浓度(MIC)为7.81 μg/mL。进一步的抗病毒分析表明,在FHM细胞中,AoNK-lysin蛋白刺激后,SGIV的所有病毒mRNA均显著降低。总的来说,这些发现表明AoNK-lysin具有直接杀死病原体的能力和抑制病毒复制的特点。
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引用次数: 0
Effect on Muscle Cellularity of Diet Supplementation with Nannochloropsis gaditana Microalgae in the Final Fattening Phase of Gilthead Seabream Culture up to Commercial Size 饲料中添加纳米绿藻微藻对育肥期至商业规模的鳙鱼肌肉细胞的影响
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8110532
María Dolores Ayala, Elena Chaves-Pozo, María Isabel Sáez, Alba Galafat, Francisco Javier Alarcón, Tomás Francisco Martínez, Marta Arizcun
Previous studies have shown that Nannochloropsis gaditana can partially replace fishmeal in the diet of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata. However, its effect on muscle growth is hardly known. This experiment was carried out with gilthead seabream adults that were fed with N. gaditana at two inclusion levels (2.5 or 5%) either raw (R2.5 and R5 groups) or cellulose-hydrolyzed (H2.5 and H5 groups) for 45 days in the final fattening phase. The body length and body weight were measured in all fish at the beginning and end of the experiment. Also, the white muscle transverse area (WM), size, number and fibrillar density of the white fibers were measured in 9 fish group−1. After 45 days, the body parameters and the WM did not show significant differences among the groups. However, muscle cellularity did show significant differences, such that the hypertrophy values were higher in the H2.5 and H5 than in the R2.5 and R5 groups. On the contrary, R2.5 and R5 showed the highest fibrillar density and hyperplasia values, which are often positively correlated with the fillet firmness and therefore could improve the final quality of the fish. No significant differences attributable to the inclusion levels of N. gaditana were observed.
先前的研究表明,纳米绿藻可以部分替代金颡鱼(Sparus aurata)饮食中的鱼粉。然而,它对肌肉生长的影响却鲜为人知。本试验采用两种添加水平(2.5%或5%)的原饲料(R2.5和R5组)和纤维素水解饲料(H2.5和H5组)分别饲喂45 d的黄颡鱼成鱼进行育肥。在试验开始和结束时测量所有鱼的体长和体重。同时,测量了9条鱼的白色肌肉横面积(WM)、白色纤维的大小、数量和纤维密度。45 d后,各组机体参数和WM无显著差异。然而,肌肉细胞结构却存在显著差异,H2.5和H5组的肥大值高于R2.5和R5组。相反,R2.5和R5表现出最高的纤维密度和增生值,这往往与鱼片硬度呈正相关,因此可以改善鱼的最终品质。未观察到因含氮量不同而产生的显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Habitat Use of Two Coral-Associated Cryptobenthic Gobiid Fishes (Family: Gobiidae) in the Southern Caribbean 南加勒比海两种与珊瑚相关的隐底栖虾虎鱼(虾虎鱼科)的生境利用
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8100531
Ann-Christin Ziebell, Maite L. Vogel, Niklas Kjell Ratajczak, Bert W. Hoeksema
Cryptobenthic fishes make up more than half of coral reef fish fauna and contribute greatly to coral reef trophodynamics and diversity. Because of their small size, they are easily overlooked and understudied. Some of them use corals as their habitat, but this association is not well understood. In the Caribbean, two common cryptobenthic gobies, Elacatinus evelynae and Coryphopterus lipernes, are usually observed residing on corals. In order to compare their habitat use, we investigated their distributions on a range of scleractinian host-coral species at three different depths (5, 10, and 15 m) at Curaçao, southern Caribbean. The numbers of both species were relatively low at 5 m. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between fish size and depth and found that adult E. evelynae individuals were most common at 5 m depth and juveniles at 15 m depth. Novel host corals were found for both fish species. Taking host size into account, the gobies were most abundant on large coral colonies of two host species: E. evelynae on both Colpophyllia natans and Montastraea cavernosa, and C. lipernes only on C. natans. In summary, depth, host species, and host-colony size were found to be environmental factors that may determine the occurrence of both fish species.
隐底栖鱼类占珊瑚礁鱼类区系的一半以上,对珊瑚礁的营养动力学和多样性作出了重大贡献。由于规模小,它们很容易被忽视和研究不足。其中一些以珊瑚为栖息地,但这种联系尚不清楚。在加勒比海,两种常见的隐底栖虾虎鱼,即Elacatinus evelynae和Coryphopterus lipernes,通常栖息在珊瑚上。为了比较它们的栖息地利用,我们调查了它们在加勒比海南部库拉帕拉索三种不同深度(5、10和15米)的一系列硬核宿主珊瑚物种上的分布。两种植物在海拔5米处的数量都相对较低。此外,我们还研究了鱼的大小与深度的关系,发现伊纹伊蚊成虫在5 m深度最常见,而幼虫在15 m深度最常见。这两种鱼类都发现了新的宿主珊瑚。考虑到寄主的大小,虾虎鱼在两种寄主的大型珊瑚群落中最丰富:在Colpophyllia natans和Montastraea cavernosa上都有e.evelynae,而C. lipernes只在C. natans上。综上所述,深度、寄主种类和寄主群体大小可能是决定这两种鱼类发生的环境因素。
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引用次数: 0
Efficiency Analysis of China Deep-Sea Cage Aquaculture Based on the SBM–Malmquist Model 基于SBM-Malmquist模型的中国深海网箱养殖效率分析
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8100529
Ying Zhang, Meng-Fei Li, Xiao-Han Fang
Deep-sea cage aquaculture (DSCA) is an important way to expand new space for marine aquaculture, promote the transformation and upgrade of the fishery industry, and optimize the structure of marine aquaculture. Using the panel data of DSCA in China’s coastal areas from 2013 to 2021, this study constructs the SBM–Malmquist model to measure the DSCA production efficiency and analyzes its total factor productivity. The results show that the overall DSCA production efficiency exhibited an increasing trend in spite of a sharp decline in 2019. The efficiency exhibited regional differences, being the strongest in the Bohai Sea region, followed by in the Yellow Sea, the South China Sea, and the East China Sea regions. The overall total factor productivity remained generally stable, although a large fluctuation occurred between 2019 and 2021. Both pure technological efficiency and scale efficiency promoted the total factor productivity in 2019–2021, while the efficiency of technological changes in societal aspects declined. This study shows that the DSCA production efficiency is significantly influenced by input factors such as labor and capital investment. In addition, natural disasters inhibit the improvement of the production efficiency to some extent.
深海网箱养殖(DSCA)是拓展海洋养殖新空间、促进渔业产业转型升级、优化海洋养殖结构的重要途径。本文利用2013 - 2021年中国沿海地区DSCA面板数据,构建SBM-Malmquist模型,对DSCA生产效率进行测度,并对其全要素生产率进行分析。结果表明,尽管2019年DSCA生产效率大幅下降,但总体上仍呈现上升趋势。其效率表现出区域差异,渤海地区效率最高,其次是黄海、南海和东海地区。2019年至2021年,全要素生产率出现较大波动,但总体保持稳定。纯技术效率和规模效率对2019-2021年全要素生产率都有促进作用,而社会方面的技术变革效率有所下降。研究表明,DSCA生产效率受到劳动力和资本投入等投入因素的显著影响。此外,自然灾害在一定程度上抑制了生产效率的提高。
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引用次数: 1
Mitogenomic Analysis of Pterioidea (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia): Insights into the Evolution of the Gene Rearrangements 翼状总科(双壳目:翼状总科)的有丝分裂基因组分析:基因重排的进化
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8100528
Yu Zhang, Lu Qi, Fengping Li, Yi Yang, Zhifeng Gu, Chunsheng Liu, Qi Li, Aimin Wang
The complete mitogenomes of Pinctada albina and Pinctada margaritifera were sequenced in this study, with sizes of 23,841 bp and 15,556 bp, respectively. The mitochondrial genome analysis of eight Pterioidea species indicated the existence of gene rearrangements within the superfamily. The ATP8 gene was not detected in the two new mitogenomes, and rrnS was found to be duplicated in P. albina’s mitogenome. The reconstructed phylogeny based on mitogenomes strongly supported the monophyly of Pterioidea and provided robust statistical evidence of the phylogenetic relationships within Pteriomorphia. The analysis of the mitochondrial gene order revealed that of P. margaritifera to be the same as the ancestral order of Pterioidea. The gene orders of the Pterioidea species were mapped to the phylogenetic tree, and the gene rearrangement events were inferred. These results provide important insights that will support future research, such as studies extending the evolutionary patterns of the gene order from P. margaritifera to other species and determining the evolutionary status of Pterioidea within the infraclass Pteriomorphia.
本研究对白化平锥虫(Pinctada albina)和玛氏平锥虫(Pinctada margaritifera)的全有丝分裂基因组进行了测序,大小分别为23,841 bp和15,556 bp。对8个翼鸟科物种的线粒体基因组分析表明,该超科存在基因重排。在这两个新的有丝分裂基因组中未检测到ATP8基因,而在白化假单胞虫的有丝分裂基因组中发现了重复的rrnS。基于有丝分裂基因组的系统发育重建有力地支持了翼科的单系性,并为翼科内部的系统发育关系提供了强有力的统计证据。线粒体基因序列分析表明,其线粒体基因序列与翼鸟科祖先序列一致。将翼鸟科物种的基因序列映射到系统发育树中,并对基因重排事件进行了推断。这些结果为今后的研究提供了重要的见解,例如将P. margaritifera基因序列的进化模式扩展到其他物种的研究,以及确定翼科在翼形亚纲中的进化地位。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating Suitability of Fishing Areas for Squid-Jigging Vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean Derived from AIS Data 基于AIS数据的西北太平洋鱿鱼跳汰渔船捕捞区域适宜性评价
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8100530
Yingjie Fei, Shenglong Yang, Mengya Huang, Xiaomei Wu, Zhenzhen Yang, Jiangyue Zhao, Fenghua Tang, Wei Fan, Sanling Yuan
Understanding the spatial distribution of fishing activity and suitable fishing areas is important for improving sustainable fisheries management and protecting vulnerable fish stocks. To identify climate-related habitat changes and variations in the distribution of fishing activity for squid-jigging vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, two types (weighted arithmetic mean method, weighted-AMM; weighted geometric mean method, weighted-GMM) of habitat suitability index (HSI) models were developed in this study with marine environmental data at different depths. The boosted regression tree (BRT) model was adopted to access the monthly important environmental variables and the relative influence of the corresponding variables. The results showed that the weighted-AMM has better prediction performance than the weighted-GMM. The suitable fishing areas showed significant seasonal changes in both spatial location and coverage area. The hotspot map showed that the suitable fishing area for squid-jigging vessels was located in the scope of 42∘ N∼44∘ N, 155∘ E∼170∘ E throughout the year during 2012∼2019, which suggests that high squid-jigging fishing pressure should be given more attention in fishery management. The HSI model also had good prediction performance for the fishery data of Chinese companies, except for June and July. Additionally, fishing efforts could be used as alternative data for fishery research. The study has also suggested that fishery data are restricted by spatial and temporal distribution and fishing experience, which probably biases the results of the research.
了解渔业活动的空间分布和适宜的渔区对改善渔业可持续管理和保护脆弱鱼类资源具有重要意义。为了确定西北太平洋鱿鱼跳汰渔船与气候相关的栖息地变化和捕捞活动分布的变化,采用两种方法(加权算术平均值法,weighted- amm;利用不同深度的海洋环境数据,建立了生境适宜性指数(HSI)模型的加权几何平均方法(weighted geometric mean method,加权gmm)。采用增强回归树(boosting regression tree, BRT)模型获取月度重要环境变量及相应变量的相对影响。结果表明,加权amm比加权gmm具有更好的预测性能。适宜渔区在空间位置和覆盖面积上均表现出明显的季节变化。热点图显示,2012 ~ 2019年全年适合跳鱿鱼渔船的捕捞区域在42°N ~ 44°N、155°E ~ 170°E范围内,提示在渔业管理中应重视跳鱿鱼渔船的高捕捞压力。HSI模型对中国企业渔业数据除6月和7月外均有较好的预测效果。此外,捕鱼努力可以用作渔业研究的替代数据。该研究还表明,渔业数据受到时空分布和捕鱼经验的限制,这可能会使研究结果产生偏差。
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引用次数: 0
Is It All about Profit? Greek Fishers’ Motives and Objective Profiles 一切都是为了利润吗?希腊渔民的动机和目标简介
3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.3390/fishes8100527
Alexandra Sintori, Vasilia Konstantidelli, Angelos Liontakis, Stamatis Mantziaris, Irene Tzouramani
Fishing contributes significantly to food security and offers employment and income to many coastal communities worldwide. On the other hand, it has been recognized as a dangerous and demanding activity that involves high economic risk and uncertainty as well as outdoor work and interactions with nature, which makes fishing more of a way of life rather than just a way to make a living. Non-monetary attributes of fishing have been reported to affect fishers’ decision-making and management and can explain the resilience and sustainability of the sector, even in difficult economic circumstances that hinder profitability. This study uses multivariate statistical analysis to identify profiles of Greek fishers according to their motives and objectives and to link them to the main demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Overall, five fisher profiles are identified, including “profit maximizers”, “business-oriented” and “subsistence” fishers. Our analysis indicates that all fishers value the non-monetary attributes of the activity higher than monetary values like profit, though large-scale fishers seem to be more business-oriented than small-scale fishers. The identification and understanding of the objective profiles provide useful insights to researchers, advisors and policymakers regarding fishers’ decision-making and can ultimately lead to more efficient policy design and fisheries management.
渔业对粮食安全作出重大贡献,并为全世界许多沿海社区提供就业和收入。另一方面,它被认为是一项危险且要求很高的活动,涉及高经济风险和不确定性,以及户外工作和与自然的互动,这使得捕鱼更多地成为一种生活方式,而不仅仅是一种谋生方式。据报告,渔业的非货币性影响到渔民的决策和管理,并可以解释该部门的复原力和可持续性,即使在阻碍盈利的困难经济环境中也是如此。本研究使用多元统计分析,根据希腊渔民的动机和目标确定其概况,并将其与主要的人口和社会经济特征联系起来。总的来说,确定了五种渔民类型,包括“利润最大化者”、“面向商业”和“维持生计”的渔民。我们的分析表明,所有渔民都更看重活动的非货币属性,而不是利润等货币价值,尽管大规模渔民似乎比小规模渔民更以商业为导向。识别和了解客观概况为研究人员、顾问和决策者提供有关渔民决策的有用见解,并最终导致更有效的政策设计和渔业管理。
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Fishes
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