Folia medica最新文献

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of three large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT-4.0, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and DeepSeek R1-in answering multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to pediatric dentistry. Accuracy and justification quality were analyzed using Bloom's taxonomy.

In this paper, we describe how we successfully debulked a large juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) in a 15-year-old boy using the coblation technique. The child had been complaining about recurrent epistaxis and persistent nasal obstruction for several months. JNA is a rare benign tumor that predominantly affects adolescent and young adult males. JNAs exhibit gradual progression, local expansion, high vascularity, and a notable tendency for persistence and recurrence. Due to their high vascularity, JNAs require surgical removal, and treatment commonly includes preoperative embolization and endoscopic methods. Complete tumor resection is the gold standard treatment. Tumor manipulation can lead to substantial bleeding due to its rich blood supply and lack of surface muscle fibers. Using the coblation technique for tumor debulking offers distinct advantages, including better control of blood loss, reduced thermal damage, improved visibility of the surrounding area, better postoperative recovery, and less resection of vital anatomical structures.

Aim: This study investigated the relationship between erectile dysfunction and the estradiol-to-testosterone ratio in men aged 35 to 45.

Cholesteatomas are benign tumors composed of skin-related substances. They can extensively infiltrate the ear and compromise surrounding structures, requiring surgical removal. Computed tomography can assist with surgical planning by illustrating the position and impact of the cholesteatoma. Recent advancements in magnetic resonance imaging have demonstrated enhanced visualization of cholesteatomas. Whereas additional surgical intervention was formerly necessary to identify cholesteatoma recurrence, magnetic resonance imaging can now often serve as an alternative. This paper reviews the current evidence on diagnosing, managing, and following up with patients with cholesteatoma. It also presents an interesting case that highlights the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), even in cases of initial diagnosis.

Introduction: An endometrial polyp (EP) is an abnormal growth of the endometrium inside the uterine cavity. Histologically, the polyp contains glandular, stromal, vascular (thick-walled vessels), and connective tissue elements (fibrous stroma). The most common symptoms of patients with endometrial polyps are abnormal bleeding and infertility.

Root canal system decontamination is recognized as one of the main pillars of successful endodontic treatment, although variations in the efficacy of current disinfection methods have been reported. In light of this, the present study investigated the activation of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) using a 980 nm diode laser (laser-activated irrigation) as an adjunct to conventional decontamination, with the addition of photobiomodulation therapy. The objectives were to achieve optimal clinical outcomes over long-term follow-up, to alleviate post-endodontic pain, and to propose effective decontamination treatment protocols.

Introduction: Anastomotic leak (AL) in colorectal surgery remains a source of concern, as it jeopardizes patient recovery and increases morbidity, particularly if not detected early. The CRP in the drain fluid has barely been investigated as a new predictive marker of AL that would improve treatment outcomes.

Introduction: Malaria is a significant global health problem, predominantly affecting the tropical regions.

Tumors of the heart and blood vessels are relatively rare. Primary cardiac hemangiomas, in particular, are very rare benign tumors of the heart, occurring at a frequency of 2.8%. To date, just over 200 cases have been documented in scientific literature. Most have been discovered incidentally during autopsies or clinical procedures for unrelated conditions. Most reports present cardiac hemangiomas as isolated cases. According to scientific data, they can appear at any age, and their clinical presentation varies depending on their location and size. Here, we present the case of an asymptomatic cardiac tumor that was discovered incidentally in a 66-year-old male patient during treatment for infective endocarditis of the mitral valve. Despite extensive cardiac imaging, the tumor could not be diagnosed before surgical intervention. Ultimately, the tumor was found on the epicardium of the right ventricle, close to the right coronary artery. It was completely resected. Histological analysis verified it as a cardiac cavernous hemangioma.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and severe chronic inflammatory condition of the kidney. XGP's exact etiology remains unclear, although it is frequently associated with chronic urinary obstruction and infections within the urinary tract. Superinfections such as Escherichiacoli, Proteusmirabilis, and occasionally Pseudomonas species typically cause XGP. Documented cases of Raoultellaornithinolytica (R.ornithinolytica) infections in humans, particularly within the urinary tract, are limited. However, advancements in diagnostic techniques are expected to increase the detection of such rare pathogens. To the best of our knowledge, currently, there is no evidence in the literature indicating that this pathogen is responsible for XGP. We present a case of XGP in which we isolated R.ornithinolytica and discuss its treatment in the current literature.