Folia medica最新文献

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) is a rare malignancy originating from the epithelium of the appendix. The diagnosis is difficult to make, and it is often found during surgery.

Introduction: In 2010, the European Union (EU) introduced new pharmacovigilance legislation that established an additional monitoring (AM) measure for certain medicines following their marketing authorization. Since 2013, a black inverted triangle (▼), accompanied by a brief explanatory sentence, has been displayed on their leaflet and in the summary of product characteristics. This symbol is uniformly used across all EU member states to indicate medicines subject to AM.

Small cell carcinoma is a disease mainly of pulmonary origin, but in extremely rare cases it can also be observed as a primary mediastinal mass. Here, we present the case of a 48-year-old male patient with a clinical manifestation of superior vena cava syndrome and a CT scan showing a tumor mass in the upper mediastinum compressing the major vessels. A surgical intervention was performed - videomedistinoscopy with partial excision of the tumor from which primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum was detected during histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Multimodal treatment was administered, and after the surgical intervention, the patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient was actively monitored, and 8 months after diagnosis, there was a lack of persistent symptoms. From the monitoring PET/CT scan, a minimal single focus with metabolic activity in the mediastinum was observed with significant reduction in tumor size and lack of compression on the mediastinal vessels.

Introduction: Salivary melatonin is a critical antioxidant that contributes to oral health by mitigating oxidative stress. Psychological stress linked to thumb sucking may disrupt oral homeostasis, leading to conditions such as dental caries and fungal infections.

Aim: This study aimed to identify bacterial pathogens causing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and asthma attacks by evaluating nasopharyngeal swabs tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and simultaneous sputum cultures from hospitalized patients, and to assess the contribution of PCR to causative agent identification.

Introduction: Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain cancer with poor prognosis. Recurrence is common, and survival post-recurrence is limited. Identifying prognostic factors for recurrent glioblastoma can optimize treatment and improve outcomes.

Introduction: Monogenic obesity caused by mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene remains a significant health challenge, despite numerous efforts to discover effective treatments. The MC4R has emerged as a promising target for drug development due to its role in energy homeostasis and adipose tissue formation.

The increased frequency of precancerous lesions and malignant diseases of the vulva is a hallmark of the postmenopausal period. However, the development of fibroepithelial polyps, which are benign neoplasms, is also possible. The exact etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. These mesenchymal neoplasms are mostly diagnosed in women who received hormone replacement therapy or those who are of reproductive age, with pregnancy being a predisposing factor. We present a clinical case in which surgical treatment was the first choice, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis.

Aim: To investigate the value of the hematological indices to differentiate bacterial vaginosis (BV) from vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and predict treatment response.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the lesion depth and level of penetration of CPP-ACFP, SAP P11-4 and 2 newly synthesized self-assembling peptides by measuring the linear depth of fluorescence.