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CONTROL OF MR DAMPER USING ANFIS AND PID CONTROLLER FOR OPTIMUM VEHICLE RIDE COMFORT 使用反颤器和pid控制器控制Mr阻尼器,以获得最佳的车辆乘坐舒适性
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/2959-331x.1001
M. F. Yakhni, M. Ali, M. El-Gohary
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引用次数: 0
ACTIVATION OF FLY ASH TO STABILISE LEAD CONTAMINATED SOILS AND SOLUTIONS 粉煤灰活化稳定铅污染土壤及其溶液
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/2706-784x.1046
Mabrouk Hassan Arhoma
The role of pH on removal of metal contaminated solution was investigated by adding gradually drops of NaOH to lead solutions, the increase of the pH was observed and concentration of lead solution was measured by using ICP. The activated pulverised fly ash (PFA) was used as stabilizing material. The leaching behaviour of lead was investigated using 5 grams of the soil thoroughly mixed with 0.1g of the stabilising material in a polypropylene container to which 50ml of either deionised water; the mixture was shaken on a flat bed shaker for 2h, and then filtered using a What man No 542 filter paper. The lead concentration in the filtrate was determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP). The effect of adding PFA was a reduction in Pb released to an undetectable level at higher pH levels. Results from the analysis of X-ray diffraction on the soil samples retained on the filter paper showed the formation of lead sulphate and lead carbonate.
通过在铅溶液中加入逐渐下降的NaOH,考察pH对金属污染溶液去除的影响,观察pH的增加,并采用ICP测量铅溶液的浓度。采用活化粉煤灰粉(PFA)作为稳定材料。研究铅的浸出行为,将5克土壤与0.1克稳定材料彻底混合,放入聚丙烯容器中,其中50ml去离子水;将混合物在平板振动筛上摇匀2h,然后用What man 542号滤纸过滤。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定滤液中铅的浓度。添加PFA的效果是将铅的释放量降低到较高pH值时无法检测到的水平。对留存在滤纸上的土壤样品的x射线衍射分析结果表明,土壤中形成了硫酸铅和碳酸铅。
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引用次数: 1
ESSENTIAL CONTROL TO ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS FOR OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY: SPOTLIGHT ON DRILLING PROCESSES IN LEBANON 石油和天然气行业环境法规的基本控制:黎巴嫩钻井过程的焦点
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/2706-784x.1042
Rami Harkouss
At present, environmental legislation bounds the drilling operators in drilling wastes removal. The rapid increasing sensitivity of drilling waste management forced many countries to develop environmental guidelines for their drilling operations. This research studies some sorts of waste produced during upstream petroleum activities, particularly while drilling. After that, many hazards and impacts on the environment are addressed, as well as their principal treatment techniques. This paper gives a modest and theoretical vision over the present environmental standard and waste management design, realized at a universal scale. Studies show that performance fluid management and total fluid management are highly recommended in drilling waste management, taken into consideration the reduction, reuse, recycle, recover, and finally disposal of waste. Then, the technologies that could be suitable for the Lebanese drilling fields would be addressed. Experience proves that techniques and standards of drilling waste management depend highly on climate and sources soil. This research highlights foreign, specialized and suitable regulations for the Lebanese petroleum industry and advises to apply strict punishments that force companies to consider environmental issues. This may assist companies and individual approaches toward coming drilling operations in Lebanon with a concern for the environment.
目前,环境立法限制了钻井作业公司对钻井废弃物的清除。钻井废物管理问题的敏感性迅速提高,迫使许多国家为其钻井作业制定环境准则。本研究研究了上游石油活动,特别是钻井过程中产生的一些废物。之后,对环境的许多危害和影响进行了讨论,以及它们的主要处理技术。本文对目前的环境标准和废物管理设计进行了适度的理论展望,并在全球范围内实现。研究表明,在钻井废物管理中强烈建议采用性能流体管理和全面流体管理,考虑到废物的减少、再利用、再循环、回收和最终处置。然后,将讨论适用于黎巴嫩钻井油田的技术。经验证明,钻井废物管理的技术和标准在很大程度上取决于气候和来源土壤。这项研究突出了黎巴嫩石油工业的外国、专门和适当的条例,并建议实行严格的惩罚,迫使公司考虑环境问题。这可能有助于公司和个人在考虑环境的情况下在黎巴嫩进行钻井作业。
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引用次数: 0
CONCRETE MIX DESIGN USING SIMPLE EQUATIONS 混凝土配合比设计用简单方程
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/2706-784x.1043
H. Abdelgader, R. Suleiman
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引用次数: 2
CORROSION OF COATED AND UNCOATED STEEL REINFORCEMENT IN CONCRETE 混凝土中涂覆和未涂覆钢筋的腐蚀
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/nxzc6026
Jana Abou Shakra, Rouba Joumblat, J. Khatib, A. Elkordi
Corrosion of reinforcing steel is the one of the main causes of deterioration in reinforced concrete structure. During the initial stage of corrosion, the steel volume increases. This creates tensile stresses in the concrete, which can eventually lead to cracking, delamination, and spalling. This potential risk of corrosion in a structure is quite unpredictable. Therefore, this paper examines the influence of accelerated corrosion on the bond between concrete and the coated and uncoated steel bars. The bar coating consisted of epoxy rich in zinc. Six concrete mixes were prepared. Three mixes had cement contents of 300, 400 and 500 Kg/m3 and a water cement ratio of 0.4. In the rest of the mixes, cement was replaced with 10% silica fume and the water to binder ratio was 0.5. The reinforcing bars were placed inside concrete cylinders. After curing for 3 days, the specimens were immersed in a 5% NaCl solution for 7 days while a DC current of 5V flowed through them using a portable power supply. Different tests were conducted such as the accelerated corrosion test (ACT), the pull-out tests, compressive strength, and weight loss. The results show that coating the steel bars while lowering the water cement ratio with the addition of silica fume, reduces the effects of corrosion in reinforced concrete specimens
钢筋锈蚀是钢筋混凝土结构劣化的主要原因之一。在腐蚀初期,钢的体积增大。这会在混凝土中产生拉伸应力,最终导致开裂、分层和剥落。结构中这种潜在的腐蚀风险是无法预测的。因此,本文研究了加速腐蚀对混凝土与涂覆和未涂覆钢筋之间粘结的影响。棒材涂层由富含锌的环氧树脂组成。配制了6种混凝土配合比。水泥掺量分别为300、400和500 Kg/m3,水灰比为0.4。在其余的混合料中,水泥用10%的硅灰代替,水胶比为0.5。钢筋被放置在混凝土圆柱体内。固化3 d后,在5% NaCl溶液中浸泡7 d,并使用便携式电源通过5V直流电流。进行了不同的试验,如加速腐蚀试验(ACT)、拔出试验、抗压强度和重量损失。结果表明,在降低水灰比的同时,通过添加硅灰对钢筋进行涂层处理,降低了钢筋混凝土试件的腐蚀影响
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引用次数: 3
CAEE: COMMUNICATION-AWARE, ENERGY-EFFICIENT VM PLACEMENT MODEL FOR MULTI-TIER APPLICATIONS IN LARGE SCALE CLOUD DATA CENTERS Caee:大规模云数据中心中用于多层应用程序的通信感知、节能的vm放置模型
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/2959-331x.1013
Soha Rawas, A. Zekri
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引用次数: 4
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SHOOT SYSTEM OF RUBUS CANESCENS DC. GROWING IN LEBANON 红豆芽系统的抑菌作用及植物化学分析。在黎巴嫩种植
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.54729/2706-784x.1050
Omar Assafiri, H. Abdallah, Mohammed El-Dakdouki
The misuse of antibiotics followed by improved fitness of resistant strains of infectious microorganisms hindered the efficacy of many known antimicrobial agents, and fueled research for the discovery of novel remedies. The current study aims at assessing the antimicrobial activity and understanding the mechanism of action of Rubus canescens DC. growing wild in Lebanon, as well as qualitatively determining its phytochemical profile. The antibacterial activity, MIC, and MBC of the extracts were evaluated by two-fold dilution. Time-kill curves were plotted to assess the bactericidal activity of the R. canescens DC. extracts against the growth of microorganisms, and TEM images were collected to confirm such effect. Overall, the extracts exhibited good antibacterial activity against MRSA and E. coli but not against S. pneumoniae and K. pneumoniae as determined by measuring the inhibition zones in plate-diffusion assays. TEM images of treated microorganisms revealed that the R. canescens DC. extracts induced irreversible deformations and damage to the cell membranes of the microorganisms leading to the leakage of cytoplasmic components and eventual cell death. Analysis of Time-Kill curves indicated that the extracts induced 100% killing of the test microorganisms within 10-18 h at the respective MBC. Finally, qualitative phytochemical analysis was conducted to decipher the active ingredients in the plant extracts.The current study reports the first data on the antimicrobial activity of different parts of R. canescens DC. Such promising data opens new avenues for broader assessment of the pharmacological profile of the scarcely investigated R. canescens DC.
滥用抗生素之后,感染微生物耐药菌株的适应度提高,阻碍了许多已知抗菌剂的功效,并推动了发现新疗法的研究。本研究的目的是研究红莓的抑菌活性并了解其作用机制。在黎巴嫩野生生长,以及定性地确定其植物化学特征。采用2倍稀释法测定提取物的抑菌活性、MIC和MBC。绘制了时间杀伤曲线,评价了该菌株的杀菌活性。提取物对微生物生长的抑制作用,并收集TEM图像来证实这种作用。总体而言,通过平板扩散法测定其抑菌区,发现提取物对MRSA和大肠杆菌具有良好的抑菌活性,但对肺炎链球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌没有良好的抑菌活性。处理后的微生物的TEM图像显示,黑僵菌DC。提取物对微生物的细胞膜造成不可逆的变形和损伤,导致细胞质成分渗漏,最终导致细胞死亡。时间-杀伤曲线分析表明,在10 ~ 18 h内,各浸提液对试验微生物的杀伤率为100%。最后进行定性植物化学分析,破译植物提取物的有效成分。本研究首次报道了蓖麻不同部位的抑菌活性。这些有希望的数据开辟了新的途径,更广泛的评估药理学档案的研究很少黑毛霉DC。
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引用次数: 2
DYNAMIC SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION ANALYSIS: DETECTING THE RELIABILITY OF MODELLING THE PILES AS A PLATE ELEMENT FOR A MULTISTORY BUILDING RESTING ON DEEP FOUNDATION 动力土-结构相互作用分析:深基础多层建筑桩作为板单元建模的可靠性检验
Pub Date : 2020-08-11 DOI: 10.54729/2959-331x.1051
Zeinab F. Zein, Lina Jaber, Yehya Temsah
Dynamic soil-structure interaction (SSI) is one of the main subjects that has attracted the attention of researchers in the recent decades. Numerous studies were interested in examining the seismic response of buildings supported on pile footings while including SSI. Most of these studies were simulating the problem by two dimensional models in the plane strain to overcome the usual difficulties encountered in 3D models. Commonly, piles were represented by plate elements of infinite length, disregarding the spacing between piles, and thus overestimating its stiffness. Recently, Plaxis – a finite element softwarehas implemented a new feature known as “the embedded pile row”. Although this latter models the pile as a 2D structural element, it allows the definition of an out-of-plane spacing where the soil can flow around the piles upon keeping a continuous mesh. Many researchers have studied the reliability of the embedded row element and verified its validity. The objective of this paper is to define the limitations of employing the plate feature in soilstructure pile interaction analysis. This is achieved by comparing the behavior of the structure and the pile foundation using the plate feature to that of the embedded pile row. In this scope, a series of 2D finite element models consisting of multistory buildings supported on pile footings are generated while varying the soil type, the earthquake frequency content, as well as the out-of-plane piles' spacing. This paper demonstrated that the building response with piles modeled as plate elements is just adequate when the surrounding soil is dense. Yet, regarding the pile response, the plate feature is unable to capture the real behavior for all soil types. Keywords—Plaxis 2D; Embedded Pile Row; Plate Element; SSI; Dynamic Response
土-结构动力相互作用(SSI)是近几十年来引起研究人员关注的主要问题之一。许多研究都对包括SSI在内的桩基支撑建筑的地震反应感兴趣。这些研究大多是用平面应变的二维模型来模拟问题,以克服三维模型通常遇到的困难。通常用无限长的板单元来表示桩,忽略了桩间距,从而高估了桩的刚度。最近,Plaxis -一个有限元软件实现了一个被称为“嵌入式桩排”的新功能。尽管后者将桩建模为二维结构单元,但它允许定义一个面外间距,在保持连续网格的情况下,土壤可以在桩周围流动。许多研究者对嵌入行单元的可靠性进行了研究,并验证了其有效性。本文的目的是明确在土-结构-桩相互作用分析中采用板特征的局限性。这是通过比较使用板特征的结构和桩基的行为与嵌入桩排的行为来实现的。在此范围内,在改变土体类型、地震频率含量以及面外桩间距的情况下,生成一系列由多层桩基础支撑的二维有限元模型。研究结果表明,在周围土体较密的情况下,桩为板单元的建筑响应刚好合适。然而,对于桩的响应,板特征无法捕捉到所有土类型的真实行为。Keywords-Plaxis 2 d;预埋桩排;板元素;SSI;动态响应
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引用次数: 0
Blind Image Quality Assessment for Face Pose Problem 人脸姿态问题的盲图像质量评价
Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.54729/2959-331x.1025
Cerine Tafran, Mohamad El-Abed, Ziad Osman, Islam Elkabani
Abstract No-Reference image quality assessment for face images is of high interest since it can be required for biometric systems such as biometric passport applications to increase system performance. This can be achieved by controlling the quality of biometric sample images during enrollment. This paper proposes a novel no-reference image quality assessment method that extracts several image features and uses data mining techniques for detecting the pose variation problem in facial images. Using subsets from three public 2D face databases PUT, ENSIB, and AR, the experimental results recorded a promising accuracy of 97.06% when using the RandomForest Classifier, which outperforms other classifiers
摘要:人脸图像的无参考图像质量评估是生物识别系统(如生物识别护照应用程序)提高系统性能所必需的,因此备受关注。这可以通过在登记过程中控制生物识别样本图像的质量来实现。本文提出了一种新的无参考图像质量评估方法,该方法提取图像的多个特征,并利用数据挖掘技术检测人脸图像中的位姿变化问题。使用来自PUT、ENSIB和AR三个公共二维人脸数据库的子集,实验结果表明,使用随机森林分类器时,准确率达到97.06%,优于其他分类器
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引用次数: 0
Dielectric properties of Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3O10-δ superconductor added with nano-Fe2O3 纳米fe2o3对Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3O10-δ超导体介电性能的影响
Pub Date : 2020-06-29 DOI: 10.54729/2959-331x.1022
A. Abou-aly, I. Ibrahim, N. H. Mohammed, M. Rekaby
A series of high-temperature superconducting samples of type Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3O10-δ, (Cu0.5Tl0.5)-1223, added with nano-Fe2O3 (0.01.0 wt. %) was prepared by a solid-state reaction technique via short time preparation procedure and under ambient pressure. The prepared samples were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) for phase analysis and microstructure examination. The volume fraction results indicated that nano-Fe2O3 addition was significant in enhancing the formation rate of the (Cu0.5Tl0.5)-1223 phase, especially for x ≤ 0.2 wt. % samples. The electrical resistivity of the prepared samples was measured by the conventional four-probe technique from room temperature down to the zero superconducting transition temperature (T0). An increase in the superconducting temperature, Tc, is observed up to x = 0.2 wt. %, followed by a systematic decrease with increasing nano-Fe2O3 addition. The dielectric constants (ε' and ε''), dissipation factor (tan Δ) and real ac conductivity (σ'ac) were investigated as a function of temperature (113293 K) and frequency (102106 Hz). The results clarified that all these dielectric parameters show a strong dispersion with temperatures at low and moderate frequency ranges. Moreover, they are strongly dependent on nano-Fe2O3 addition. Furthermore, the high content of nanoFe2O3 addition (x = 1.0 wt. %) enhanced ε' and reduced tan D of (Cu0.5Tl0.5)-1223 phase, which is a desirable demand for practical applications.
在常压条件下,采用固相反应方法,在短时间内制备了一系列Cu0.5Tl0.5 ba2ca2cu3o10 -δ, (Cu0.5Tl0.5)-1223型高温超导样品,并添加了纳米fe2o3 (0.01.0 wt. %)。采用x射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能量色散x射线(EDX)对制备的样品进行物相分析和微观结构表征。体积分数结果表明,纳米fe2o3的加入显著提高了(Cu0.5Tl0.5)-1223相的形成速率,特别是对于x≤0.2 wt. %的样品。用传统的四探针技术测量了制备样品在室温至零超导转变温度(T0)范围内的电阻率。观察到超导温度Tc的升高高达x = 0.2 wt. %,随后随着纳米fe2o3添加量的增加而系统降低。研究了介电常数ε′和ε′′、损耗因子tan Δ和实际交流电导率σ′ac随温度(113293 K)和频率(102106 Hz)的变化规律。结果表明,这些介电参数在低、中频温度范围内均表现出较强的色散。此外,它们强烈依赖于纳米fe2o3的添加。此外,高含量的纳米fe2o3添加量(x = 1.0 wt. %)增强了(Cu0.5Tl0.5)-1223相的ε′,降低了tan D,这是实际应用的理想要求。
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引用次数: 0
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BAU Journal - Science and Technology
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