The vertebrate locality of Dorkovo yielded a rich mammalian assemblage of which some large mammals have been studied, but not smaller mammals. The previous investigations correlated this fauna to the early Pliocene (early Ruscinian, MN 14). The present paper describes lagomorph remains which consist of one fragment of mandible and 106 isolated teeth. Four species are identified: Ochotona cf. antiqua, Prolagus sorbinii, Alilepus spassovi n. sp. and Trischizolagus crusafonti. The new species is characterised by the derived pattern of its p3 which has trigonid more stretched, enamel infolding stronger than in any other species of Alilepus, and the p3 lacks anteroflexid. The presence of four species of lagomorphs at Dorkovo is in agreement with the diversity dynamics of lagomorphs toward the end of late Miocene and during the early Pliocene in Eurasia, and in particular in Eastern Europe. The time range of the Dorkovo lagomorphs encompasses the Miocene/Pliocene boundary, and this is in agreement with the previous age assignments, i.e., earliest Pliocene, or early part of MN 14 mammalian zone.
Dorkovo的脊椎动物种群产生了丰富的哺乳动物组合，其中一些大型哺乳动物被研究过，但没有研究过小型哺乳动物。先前的研究将该动物群与上新世早期(早俄罗斯，MN 14)联系起来。本文描述了由一块下颌骨碎片和106颗离体牙齿组成的lagomorph遗骸。已鉴定出4种:古斑蝽、sorbinii斑蝽、Alilepus spassovi n. sp.和Trischizolagus crusafonti。新物种的特征是其p3的衍生模式，其三角肌更拉伸，牙釉质内折叠比任何其他种类的阿利普斯都更强，p3缺乏前弯曲。在多尔科沃发现的4种lagomorphate与欧亚大陆，特别是东欧地区中新世晚期和上新世早期lagomorphate的多样性动态一致。Dorkovo lagomorphs的时间范围包括中新世/上新世的分界线，这与以往的年龄划分一致，即上新世早期或MN 14哺乳动物带早期。
{"title":"Lagomorphs (Mammalia) from the early Pliocene of Dorkovo, Bulgaria","authors":"S. Sen","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.007","url":null,"abstract":"The vertebrate locality of Dorkovo yielded a rich mammalian assemblage of which some large mammals have been studied, but not smaller mammals. The previous investigations correlated this fauna to the early Pliocene (early Ruscinian, MN 14). The present paper describes lagomorph remains which consist of one fragment of mandible and 106 isolated teeth. Four species are identified: Ochotona cf. antiqua, Prolagus sorbinii, Alilepus spassovi n. sp. and Trischizolagus crusafonti. The new species is characterised by the derived pattern of its p3 which has trigonid more stretched, enamel infolding stronger than in any other species of Alilepus, and the p3 lacks anteroflexid. The presence of four species of lagomorphs at Dorkovo is in agreement with the diversity dynamics of lagomorphs toward the end of late Miocene and during the early Pliocene in Eurasia, and in particular in Eastern Europe. The time range of the Dorkovo lagomorphs encompasses the Miocene/Pliocene boundary, and this is in agreement with the previous age assignments, i.e., earliest Pliocene, or early part of MN 14 mammalian zone.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69919948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new temnospondyl, Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov., is described on the basis of an almost complete specimen from the lover Permian Prosečné Formation of the Czech Krkonoše Piedmont Basin. The exceptional preservation of the holotype allows a detailed description of the cranial and postcranial characters: Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of vomerine fangs located anteriorly to the posterior choana, much longer than wide tabulars – as long as the supratemporals, a deeply concave posterior margin of the skull table, extraordinarily elongated exoccipitals, anteriorly widened pterygoids and a parasphenoid cultriform process swollen at its mid-length. In order to clarify the relationship between this new taxon and Intasuchus silvicola Konzhukova, 1956 from the lower Permian (late Kungurian) of the Russian Inta Basin, the latter is also redescribed here: Intasuchus silvicola exhibits a lacrimal entering the septomaxilla, a widened jugal, a posterolaterally widened interpterygoid vacuity, a subtemporal window elongated anteriorly up to the anterior orbital region, an elongated basipterygoid ramus which is as long as the orbit width, a vomer with a parachoanal tooth row, and an ectopterygoid of about the same length as the palatine. The description of Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov. and the revision of Intasuchus silvicola complete our knowledge on the origin and evolution of early stereospondylomorph temnospondyls during the lower Permian.
一种新的temnospondyl, Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov.，是在捷克Krkonoše Piedmont盆地的lover Permian prose n组的一个几乎完整的标本的基础上描述的。完整型的特殊保存使得对颅骨和颅骨后特征的详细描述成为可能:Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et p. 11 .的特征是位于后颈前部的毒牙，比宽的表骨长得多——与颞上一样长，颅骨表的后缘深凹，枕外骨异常延长，翼状骨向前加宽，副蝶状突在其中部肿胀。为了澄清该新分类群与1956年俄罗斯印塔盆地下二叠世(昆古里晚期)的Intasuchus silvicola Konzhukova的关系，对后者也进行了重新描述:silvicola的特征是泪道进入鼻中隔腋窝，颧部加宽，翼状间隙后外侧加宽，颞下窗向前延伸至眶前区，基底翼状分支延长至眶宽，翼状旁齿排，翼状外突与腭约等长。Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. 11 .的描述和Intasuchus silvicola的修正完善了我们对下二叠世早期立体脊柱体temnospondyls的起源和演化的认识。
{"title":"A new stereospondylomorph, Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov., from lower Permian of the Czech Krkonoše Piedmont Basin and a redescription of Intasuchus silvicola from the lower Permian of Russia (Temnospondyli, Amphibia)","authors":"R. Werneburg, S. Štamberg, J. Steyer","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.019","url":null,"abstract":"A new temnospondyl, Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov., is described on the basis of an almost complete specimen from the lover Permian Prosečné Formation of the Czech Krkonoše Piedmont Basin. The exceptional preservation of the holotype allows a detailed description of the cranial and postcranial characters: Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of vomerine fangs located anteriorly to the posterior choana, much longer than wide tabulars – as long as the supratemporals, a deeply concave posterior margin of the skull table, extraordinarily elongated exoccipitals, anteriorly widened pterygoids and a parasphenoid cultriform process swollen at its mid-length. In order to clarify the relationship between this new taxon and Intasuchus silvicola Konzhukova, 1956 from the lower Permian (late Kungurian) of the Russian Inta Basin, the latter is also redescribed here: Intasuchus silvicola exhibits a lacrimal entering the septomaxilla, a widened jugal, a posterolaterally widened interpterygoid vacuity, a subtemporal window elongated anteriorly up to the anterior orbital region, an elongated basipterygoid ramus which is as long as the orbit width, a vomer with a parachoanal tooth row, and an ectopterygoid of about the same length as the palatine. The description of Korkonterpeton kalnense gen. et sp. nov. and the revision of Intasuchus silvicola complete our knowledge on the origin and evolution of early stereospondylomorph temnospondyls during the lower Permian.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Masini, L. Maul, L. Abbazzi, D. Petruso, A. Savorelli
Water voles are important key fossils of the Quaternary. Given their wide distribution, regional differences were expected to exist in different areas. Early hints on possible independent evolutionary trends of water voles in Italy came from palaeontology and specifically from the comparison of enamel differentiation (SDQ value) of the first lower molars between specimens from Italy and Germany. The data available at that time indicated that in the early Middle Pleistocene there were only minor enamel differences between first lower molars of water voles from these two geographical regions, whereas from the late Middle Pleistocene onwards, two lineages were clearly distinguished. Examination of mitochondrial DNA of extant Arvicola populations from across Europe by Wust-Saucy led to a similar conclusion that Arvicola populations from the Italian Peninsula had undergone independent evolution during the last 0.2 million years. The inclusion of new fossil and extant Arvicola samples from Italy and Central Europe, together with the examination of additional morphological parameters of the occlusal surface (so-called van der Meulen indexes), have provided further support for the proposed evolutionary pattern. The combined analysis of length, SDQ and A/L index reveal a certain degree of intercorrelation and indicate an essentially continuous evolutionary trend. However, variations are discernible, related to the age and geographical origins of the samples, and become more clearly seen at least since the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. Italian samples have a characteristic tendency to grow larger, elongate the anteroconid, and have less derived SDQ. This corroborates the suggestion that Italian water voles underwent an evolutionary history distinct from that of their Central European counterparts. The differences in morphology may be related to a combination of etho-/ecological (aquatic or terrestrial habits) and palaeobiogeographical factors.
水鼠是第四纪重要的关键化石。由于它们分布广泛，预计在不同地区会存在区域差异。关于意大利水田鼠可能独立进化趋势的早期线索来自古生物学，特别是来自意大利和德国标本的第一下磨牙牙釉质分化(SDQ值)的比较。当时的资料表明，在中更新世早期，这两个地理区域的水田鼠第一下磨牙之间的牙釉质差异很小，而从中更新世晚期开始，两个谱系之间的牙釉质差异明显。Wust-Saucy对来自欧洲各地现存的Arvicola种群的线粒体DNA进行了检查，得出了类似的结论，即意大利半岛的Arvicola种群在过去的20万年中经历了独立的进化。来自意大利和中欧的新化石和现存的阿维科拉样本，以及对咬合表面的额外形态学参数(所谓的van der Meulen指数)的检查，为提出的进化模式提供了进一步的支持。对长度、SDQ和A/L指数的综合分析显示出一定程度的相关关系，并显示出基本连续的演化趋势。然而，变化是可辨的，与样品的年龄和地理来源有关，并且至少从晚更新世开始变得更加清晰。意大利的样本有一个特点，即长得更大，延长前结肠，并有较少的衍生SDQ。这证实了意大利水田鼠经历了与中欧同类不同的进化史。形态上的差异可能与动物/生态(水生或陆生习性)和古地理因素的结合有关。
{"title":"Independent water vole (Mimomys savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) lineages in Italy and Central Europe","authors":"F. Masini, L. Maul, L. Abbazzi, D. Petruso, A. Savorelli","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.005","url":null,"abstract":"Water voles are important key fossils of the Quaternary. Given their wide distribution, regional differences were expected to exist in different areas. Early hints on possible independent evolutionary trends of water voles in Italy came from palaeontology and specifically from the comparison of enamel differentiation (SDQ value) of the first lower molars between specimens from Italy and Germany. The data available at that time indicated that in the early Middle Pleistocene there were only minor enamel differences between first lower molars of water voles from these two geographical regions, whereas from the late Middle Pleistocene onwards, two lineages were clearly distinguished. Examination of mitochondrial DNA of extant Arvicola populations from across Europe by Wust-Saucy led to a similar conclusion that Arvicola populations from the Italian Peninsula had undergone independent evolution during the last 0.2 million years. The inclusion of new fossil and extant Arvicola samples from Italy and Central Europe, together with the examination of additional morphological parameters of the occlusal surface (so-called van der Meulen indexes), have provided further support for the proposed evolutionary pattern. The combined analysis of length, SDQ and A/L index reveal a certain degree of intercorrelation and indicate an essentially continuous evolutionary trend. However, variations are discernible, related to the age and geographical origins of the samples, and become more clearly seen at least since the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. Italian samples have a characteristic tendency to grow larger, elongate the anteroconid, and have less derived SDQ. This corroborates the suggestion that Italian water voles underwent an evolutionary history distinct from that of their Central European counterparts. The differences in morphology may be related to a combination of etho-/ecological (aquatic or terrestrial habits) and palaeobiogeographical factors.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The original fossil record of Allosorex stenodus Fejfar, 1966 from Ivanovce (late Ruscinian, MN 15b) is redescribed and supplemented by the description of so far unpublished fossil remains, including upper dentition (P4 and M3) and a humerus fragment as well as the enamel microstructure analysis of m2. Based on the critical evaluation of other fossil remains from sites in Romania, Hungary, and France, the Ivanovce fossils are so far the only unquestionable recorded finds of A. stenodus in Europe, which can be considered as a local early Pliocene (MN 15) endemic species. Its occurrence is connected with the forested karst area along a broad valley of “pre-Váh” River, ecologically and climatically resembling the environment of modern karst areas in south-eastern Asia. Based on enamel microstructure analysis and unique mandible and dentition morphological characters, a separate taxonomical status of the species is also discussed.
{"title":"Allosorex stenodus Fejfar, 1966 (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae): re-description of type material and re-interpretation of its fossil record","authors":"O. Fejfar, W. Koenigswald, M. Sabol","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.006","url":null,"abstract":"The original fossil record of Allosorex stenodus Fejfar, 1966 from Ivanovce (late Ruscinian, MN 15b) is redescribed and supplemented by the description of so far unpublished fossil remains, including upper dentition (P4 and M3) and a humerus fragment as well as the enamel microstructure analysis of m2. Based on the critical evaluation of other fossil remains from sites in Romania, Hungary, and France, the Ivanovce fossils are so far the only unquestionable recorded finds of A. stenodus in Europe, which can be considered as a local early Pliocene (MN 15) endemic species. Its occurrence is connected with the forested karst area along a broad valley of “pre-Váh” River, ecologically and climatically resembling the environment of modern karst areas in south-eastern Asia. Based on enamel microstructure analysis and unique mandible and dentition morphological characters, a separate taxonomical status of the species is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Teodoridis, Z. Kvaček, Miroslav Radoň, Vladislav Raprich, A. Bruch
A recently recovered site of plant macrofossils, Ludvíkovice, in the České středohoří Mts. is situated on Sokolí vrch hill, belonging to the Děčín Formation (radiometrically dated to 30.8–24.7 Ma), according to regional stratigraphy. The flora has yielded a fern, Rumohra recentior, and several angiosperms, but no conifers. The prevailing foliage is preserved without cuticles. Noteworthy are records of Daphnogene cinnamomifolia, Laurophyllum cf. acutimontanum, Platanus neptuni, Sloanea artocarpites, Carya fragiliformis / C. quadrangula, Alnus rhenana, Trigonobalanopsis rhamnoides, Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis and cf. Quercus sp. Several foliage specimens of dicots could not be identified to species level, i.e., Leguminophyllum sp., Pungiphyllum cf. cruciatum and Dicotylophyllum sp. div. The fossil plant assemblage of Ludvíkovice corresponds to zonal mesophytic vegetation accompanied by riparian elements. This is corroborated by the Integrated Plant Record vegetation analysis, which reconstructs a zonal broad-leaved evergreen forest similar to the living broad-leaved evergreen sclerophyllous forest from Southern Hunan and Northern Guangxi in SE China. The vegetation thrived under a humid climate characterized by average values of MAT (14.6–24.1 °C), WMMT (24.7–28.3 °C), CMMT (2.2–18.8 °C) and MAP (979–1724 mm). The fossil flora of Ludvíkovice is similar in composition to the floras of Markvartice, Veselíčko, also from the Oligocene Děčín Formation of the České středohoří Mts. and the Hrazený hill.
{"title":"A new Oligocene flora from Ludvíkovice near Děčín (České středohoří Mts., the Czech Republic)","authors":"V. Teodoridis, Z. Kvaček, Miroslav Radoň, Vladislav Raprich, A. Bruch","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.024","url":null,"abstract":"A recently recovered site of plant macrofossils, Ludvíkovice, in the České středohoří Mts. is situated on Sokolí vrch hill, belonging to the Děčín Formation (radiometrically dated to 30.8–24.7 Ma), according to regional stratigraphy. The flora has yielded a fern, Rumohra recentior, and several angiosperms, but no conifers. The prevailing foliage is preserved without cuticles. Noteworthy are records of Daphnogene cinnamomifolia, Laurophyllum cf. acutimontanum, Platanus neptuni, Sloanea artocarpites, Carya fragiliformis / C. quadrangula, Alnus rhenana, Trigonobalanopsis rhamnoides, Eotrigonobalanus furcinervis and cf. Quercus sp. Several foliage specimens of dicots could not be identified to species level, i.e., Leguminophyllum sp., Pungiphyllum cf. cruciatum and Dicotylophyllum sp. div. The fossil plant assemblage of Ludvíkovice corresponds to zonal mesophytic vegetation accompanied by riparian elements. This is corroborated by the Integrated Plant Record vegetation analysis, which reconstructs a zonal broad-leaved evergreen forest similar to the living broad-leaved evergreen sclerophyllous forest from Southern Hunan and Northern Guangxi in SE China. The vegetation thrived under a humid climate characterized by average values of MAT (14.6–24.1 °C), WMMT (24.7–28.3 °C), CMMT (2.2–18.8 °C) and MAP (979–1724 mm). The fossil flora of Ludvíkovice is similar in composition to the floras of Markvartice, Veselíčko, also from the Oligocene Děčín Formation of the České středohoří Mts. and the Hrazený hill.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An isolated mandible of Carnivora (Mammalia) from the phosphorites of Quercy (France) is described as a new genus. It is compared with the amphicyonid genus Cynodictis, some primitive North American amphicyonids, and with European and North American Eocene carnivoraforms. I conclude that it is a primitive amphicyonid which may be dated to the middle or late Eocene.
{"title":"New genus of amphicyonid carnivoran (Mammalia, Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the phosphorites of Quercy (France)","authors":"L. Bonis","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.013","url":null,"abstract":"An isolated mandible of Carnivora (Mammalia) from the phosphorites of Quercy (France) is described as a new genus. It is compared with the amphicyonid genus Cynodictis, some primitive North American amphicyonids, and with European and North American Eocene carnivoraforms. I conclude that it is a primitive amphicyonid which may be dated to the middle or late Eocene.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69919997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The inhibitory cascade (IC) represents a developmental model that explains the evolution of molar relative sizes, originally described in rodents but later validated in several mammalian groups. The IC comprises signalling molecules produced by the first molar buds that inhibit the development of subsequent molars and molecules from surrounding tissues that have opposite effects. Sloths, as xenarthrans, present many peculiarities in their dentition, like tooth and enamel loss, homodonty, and changes in the typically mammalian dental formula. Here, we test the existence of an IC and explore the evolution of the lower dentition in sloths. We studied the variability of molariform proportions in 20 specimens of the Late Pleistocene ground sloth Lestodon armatus. We also analysed molariforms proportions in 53 sloth genera to explore evolutionary trends. Our results show that the lower dentition of most sloths complies with the IC model, despite the difficulties of assessing dental homologies with other mammals. Furthermore, we tested the existence of different patterns among families, obtaining support for models taking mylodontids and orophodontids separately from the rest of sloths. Also, members of Mylodontidae show a unique IC pattern, with a slope considerably higher than 2 and an mf1 ≤ mf2 << mf3 configuration. This pattern could be related to the morphological adaptations to grazing showed by mylodontids during most of their evolutionary history.
{"title":"Unexpected inhibitory cascade in the molariforms of sloths (Folivora, Xenarthra): a case study in xenarthrans honouring Gerhard Storch’s open-mindedness","authors":"Luciano Varela, P. Tambusso, R. Fariña","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.002","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibitory cascade (IC) represents a developmental model that explains the evolution of molar relative sizes, originally described in rodents but later validated in several mammalian groups. The IC comprises signalling molecules produced by the first molar buds that inhibit the development of subsequent molars and molecules from surrounding tissues that have opposite effects. Sloths, as xenarthrans, present many peculiarities in their dentition, like tooth and enamel loss, homodonty, and changes in the typically mammalian dental formula. Here, we test the existence of an IC and explore the evolution of the lower dentition in sloths. We studied the variability of molariform proportions in 20 specimens of the Late Pleistocene ground sloth Lestodon armatus. We also analysed molariforms proportions in 53 sloth genera to explore evolutionary trends. Our results show that the lower dentition of most sloths complies with the IC model, despite the difficulties of assessing dental homologies with other mammals. Furthermore, we tested the existence of different patterns among families, obtaining support for models taking mylodontids and orophodontids separately from the rest of sloths. Also, members of Mylodontidae show a unique IC pattern, with a slope considerably higher than 2 and an mf1 ≤ mf2 << mf3 configuration. This pattern could be related to the morphological adaptations to grazing showed by mylodontids during most of their evolutionary history.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jozef Klembara, Marika Mikudíková, S. Štamberg, M. Hain
The first record of the seymouriamorph stem amniote Discosauriscus from the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (the Czech Republic) is described. The specimen is identified as D. pulcherrimus on the basis of the following features which are absent in D. austriacus: 1) the pointed tip of the ventrolateral process of the postorbital lies anteriorly to the tip of the wedge-shaped dorsomedial process of the jugal; and 2) the rows of small denticles diverge anteromedially and anterolaterally from the midwidth of the ventral surface of the palatal ramus of the pterygoid. This new record increases our knowledge of the occurrence of this seymouriamorph in the Permo-Carboniferous basins of Europe.
{"title":"First record of the stem amniote Discosauriscus (Seymouriamorpha, Discosauriscidae) from the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (the Czech Republic)","authors":"Jozef Klembara, Marika Mikudíková, S. Štamberg, M. Hain","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.020","url":null,"abstract":"The first record of the seymouriamorph stem amniote Discosauriscus from the Krkonoše Piedmont Basin (the Czech Republic) is described. The specimen is identified as D. pulcherrimus on the basis of the following features which are absent in D. austriacus: 1) the pointed tip of the ventrolateral process of the postorbital lies anteriorly to the tip of the wedge-shaped dorsomedial process of the jugal; and 2) the rows of small denticles diverge anteromedially and anterolaterally from the midwidth of the ventral surface of the palatal ramus of the pterygoid. This new record increases our knowledge of the occurrence of this seymouriamorph in the Permo-Carboniferous basins of Europe.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pickford, T. Kaya, Erhan Tarhan, Derya Erylmaz, Serdar Mayda
Turkey is known for the wealth of fossil suids found in deposits of middle Miocene, late Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene levels but material of this family from early Miocene and Palaeogene deposits is rare in the country, one of the few published occurrences being from Şemsettin (Kumartaş Formation, MN 4, Çankiri-Çorum Basin). For this reason, it is interesting to record the presence of small suid remains in the Soma Formation at Sabuncubeli (Manisa, SW Anatolia) in deposits correlated to MN 3 (early Miocene) and thus the earliest known Turkish members of the family. The upper and lower teeth are herein attributed to a new genus and species (Prolistriodon smyrnensis) of Listriodontinae because, in a nascent way, they show a suite of derived morphological features such as upper central incisors with apical sulci, and upper molars with lingual precrista, found in listriodonts but not in Kubanochoerinae, Palaeochoerinae, Tetracondontinae, Hyotheriinae, Namachoerinae, Cainochoerinae or Suinae.
{"title":"Small early Miocene listriodont suid (Artiodactyla: Mammalia) from Sabuncubeli (Manisa, SW Anatolia), Turkey","authors":"M. Pickford, T. Kaya, Erhan Tarhan, Derya Erylmaz, Serdar Mayda","doi":"10.37520/fi.2020.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/fi.2020.026","url":null,"abstract":"Turkey is known for the wealth of fossil suids found in deposits of middle Miocene, late Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene levels but material of this family from early Miocene and Palaeogene deposits is rare in the country, one of the few published occurrences being from Şemsettin (Kumartaş Formation, MN 4, Çankiri-Çorum Basin). For this reason, it is interesting to record the presence of small suid remains in the Soma Formation at Sabuncubeli (Manisa, SW Anatolia) in deposits correlated to MN 3 (early Miocene) and thus the earliest known Turkish members of the family. The upper and lower teeth are herein attributed to a new genus and species (Prolistriodon smyrnensis) of Listriodontinae because, in a nascent way, they show a suite of derived morphological features such as upper central incisors with apical sulci, and upper molars with lingual precrista, found in listriodonts but not in Kubanochoerinae, Palaeochoerinae, Tetracondontinae, Hyotheriinae, Namachoerinae, Cainochoerinae or Suinae.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69920576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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