Frontiers in Oncology最新文献

Sinonasal malignancies are a broad, yet rare, class of head and neck cancers with a poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for the majority of tumors. Resection of sinonasal malignancies may result in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, meningitis, pneumocephalus, and prolonged nasal crusting if not appropriately reconstructed. The advent of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has transformed the field and allowed for fully endonasal resection of sinonasal malignancies. The Hadad-Bassagasteguy flap, now colloquially known as the nasoseptal flap, has revolutionized endonasal reconstruction. The nasoseptal flap is a robust mucoperichondrial flap pedicled on the posterior septal artery, providing a rich and reliable blood supply. The nasoseptal flap has become the workhorse of anterior skull base reconstruction given its relative ease of harvest, reliability, low donor site morbidity and success: CSF leaks rates have decreased from > 20% to < 5% with the use of the nasoseptal flap. This review thoroughly discusses the history, use, and techniques for the nasoseptal flap.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1693152.].

Objective: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a prominent contributor to cancer mortality amongst women. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) participate in CC progression. This study probed into the potential mechanism of LINC00958 in CC growth.

Materials and methods: LINC00958 expression in CC tissues and cells was determined. The correlation between LINC00958 expression and CC prognosis was analyzed. LINC00958 expression was interfered in CC cells, followed by assessment of CC cell proliferation and apoptosis. An xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice. METTL3, c-MYC, and BAG3 expression was determined. m6A level was quantitatively analyzed, and the level of m6A-modified LINC00958 was detected. The binding of LINC00958 to c-MYC, as well as the binding of c-MYC to BAG3 were confirmed. Functional rescue experiments were designed to verify the effect of METTL3/BAG3 on CC growth.

Results: LINC00958 expression was elevated in CC and correlated with the prognosis and clinicopathological features of CC patients. LINC00958 silencing suppressed CC cell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis in vitro, and repressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanically, METTL3-mediated m6A modification elevated LINC00958 expression by promoting LINC00958 stability. LINC00958 activated the transcriptional activity of c-MYC, and c-MYC bound to BAG3. METTL3 overexpression or BAG3 overexpression offset the impact of LINC00958 silencing on CC growth.

Conclusion: METTL3-mediated m6A modification elevated LINC00958 expression. LINC00958 enhanced CC cell proliferation but depressed apoptosis via the c-MYC/BAG3 axis.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a nomogram prediction model based on risk factors associated with endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosed via transvaginal ultrasound (TVS)-detected non-uniform echogenicity.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 564 female patients (control group: normal/benign lesions, n = 475; observation group: EC, n = 89) was conducted. TVS findings were compared with pathological diagnoses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess diagnostic performance. Patients were split 7:3 into training and internal validation sets. Multivariate logistic regression identified predictors for nomogram construction, which was validated for performance and utility. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis was applied for model interpretability, and clinical cases were used for demonstration.

Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of TVS detection of endometrial echogenicity heterogeneity for EC diagnosis was 0.726. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, age at menopause > 50 years, and non-uniform echogenicity were risk factors for EC. The prediction model constructed demonstrated good calibration performance in the training set and excellent discrimination ability and stable predictive consistency in the internal validation set. Decision curve analysis further confirmed its clinical utility. SHAP analysis of the established nomogram revealed that age at menopause and heterogeneous endometrial echogenicity were the most influential predictors in the model, with echogenicity heterogeneity consistently associated with an increased risk of EC. When the nomogram predicted an EC probability of ≥ 0.5, the number of predicted positive cases was 93 (16.49%), showing no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) from the 89 actually confirmed EC cases (15.78%). This indicates a high agreement between model predictions and actual outcomes.

Conclusion: TVS detection of heterogeneous endometrial echogenicity holds supplementary diagnostic value for EC. The nomogram model constructed in this study integrates key clinical and sonographic features, demonstrating favorable predictive performance and clinical applicability. SHAP analysis confirmed that echogenicity heterogeneity and age at menopause are important predictors, enhancing the model's interpretability. This tool aids in early identification of high-risk patients and provides a reference for clinical decision-making.

Myelolipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements, typically found in the bone marrow. It mainly occurs in the adrenal gland, with only over 50 cases of extrarenal myelolipoma reported in literature, and extrarenal renal myelolipoma occurring in the posterior abdominal cavity is particularly rare. Currently, there are only 6 reported cases abroad. We report a case of extrarenal retroperitoneal medullary lipoma treated after abdominal pain, which was misdiagnosed as well differentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma before surgery. The patient was successfully discharged after surgical resection. This paper provides a detailed summary of the clinical presentation, imaging features, diagnosis, and management course of this case, aiming to offer diagnostic and therapeutic insights for clinicians and future research.

Introduction: The Pan-Immune-Inflammatory-Value (PIV) has shown promise as a biomarker for predicting survival outcomes in breast cancer (BC) patients. This study explores the variation of PIV across BC subtypes, with a focus on triple-negative BC (TNBC), hormone receptor positive and negative (HR+ and HR-) cancers, and racial disparities in immune response.

Methods: A retrospective review of laboratory and clinical data of 2,597 BC patients treated between 2012-2022 was conducted. PIV was calculated as a composite marker of neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. Comparative analysis of PIV with race, subtype and stage was performed using Man-Whitney. For categorical analysis of PIV, receiver operating characteristic curve was generated, and the optimal cutoff point was determined using the Youden index (cutoff = 395). Descriptive and inferential tests were used to compare high/low PIV groups based on race and BC subtype. Disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis.

Results: PIV varied significantly by race and subtype; Black women were significantly less likely to present with high PIV (OR = 0.595, 95% CI: 0.505 - 0.701) compared to White women. Lower values were also observed in Black women, TNBC patients and those with HR- tumors. Over a median follow-up of 55.4 months, high PIV was associated with worse DFS and OS in the overall cohort (p < 0.0005). Subgroup analysis showed high PIV predicted shorter DFS in both Black and White women but was not associated with OS in Black women or DFS in TNBC. In multivariable Cox regression, stage and PIV independently predicted DFS and OS. Significant interactions were observed between PIV and both race and subtype for breast cancer outcomes.

Conclusion: While PIV shows promise as a general prognostic indicator, its predictive accuracy varies across different receptor subtypes. In HR+ BC patients, PIV is linked to clinical outcomes, supporting its role as a prognostic biomarker. However, further research is needed to assess the use of PIV as a prognostic biomarker.

Methionine dependence and redox-regulated post-translational modifications (PTMs) represent well-characterized and therapeutically relevant features of cancer cell metabolism. Although established amino acid transporters and one-carbon pathways account for methionine uptake and utilization, current models do not fully explain how methionine influx is dynamically integrated with ATP-dependent membrane energetics and redox-sensitive signaling networks in malignant cells. Here, we propose a testable conceptual framework in which a thiol- and methyl-responsive, ATP-associated membrane interface operates at the membrane-metabolism boundary, coupling methionine availability with redox-regulated PTM networks. Rather than postulating a novel transporter, this model introduces a regulatory layer linking sulfur and methyl-group flux to membrane energetics and signaling adaptability. By positioning membrane energetics as an active component of metabolic-redox coordination, this framework advances a systems-level perspective in which methionine dependence emerges from coordinated energetic, metabolic, and signaling processes rather than isolated transporter activity. The hypothesis generates experimentally tractable predictions: perturbation of thiol redox balance, methyl-group flux, ion gradients, or ATP-dependent membrane processes should produce coordinated alterations in methionine uptake dynamics and PTM signaling states. This model provides a foundation for mechanistic investigation and rational therapeutic exploration.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that immune-inflammatory status and nutritional condition influence cancer prognosis. In this study, a composite score combining the systemic immune ~ inflammation index (SII) and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was investigated for its ability to stratify the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with early-stage cervical cancer (ESCC).

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study enrolled 403 individuals diagnosed with early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma and treated with surgery performed with curative intent. Optimal SII and PNI cut-points were selected based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and validated using internal bootstrapping (1,000 resamples). Disease-free survival was summarized with Kaplan ~ Meier analysis, whereas prognostic associations were quantified using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.

Results: ROC-based analyses yielded cutoff values of 580.99 for SII and 49.81 for PNI, which were subsequently used for patient stratification. The combined SII - PNI score showed improved predictive performance compared to individual indices, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.743. Survival curves demonstrated a graded increase in postoperative recurrence with rising SII - PNI scores, and intergroup differences reached statistical significance (log-rank P < 0.001). After adjustment for relevant covariates, the combined SII - PNI score remained independently associated with recurrence risk following surgery.

Conclusion: Elevated SII - PNI scores were independently associated with an increased probability of postoperative recurrence among patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Although the discriminatory ability is moderate, this combined index holds promise as a cost-effective, complementary tool for refining risk stratification in this population.

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC), also known as Bellini duct carcinoma, is an extremely rare and highly aggressive subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Most patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis, and the prognosis for CDC patients is generally poor. Surgery is the primary treatment approach. In this article, we report a case of CDC presenting primarily with hematuria and provide a comprehensive review of the published literature concerning its diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. The aim is to enhance understanding of this rare renal malignancy by elucidating its clinical and pathological characteristics and supplementing relevant treatment experiences.