Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1447509
Jianya Cai, Hongwei Cheng, Shuangta Xu
Alpha beta hydrolase domain containing 5 (ABHD5) is an essential coactivator of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a rate-limiting enzyme in various cell types that promotes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TG) into diacylglycerol (DG) and fatty acid (FA). It acts as a critical regulatory factor in cellular lipid metabolism. The reprogramming of lipid metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer, suggesting that altering lipid metabolism could become a new strategy for tumor treatment. Research has revealed a close association between ABHD5 and the development and progression of malignancies. This review summarizes the role of ABHD5 in various malignant tumors and explores the different signaling pathways and metabolic routes that may be involved, providing a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of ABHD5.
{"title":"ABHD5 as a friend or an enemy in cancer biology?","authors":"Jianya Cai, Hongwei Cheng, Shuangta Xu","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1447509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1447509","url":null,"abstract":"Alpha beta hydrolase domain containing 5 (ABHD5) is an essential coactivator of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a rate-limiting enzyme in various cell types that promotes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TG) into diacylglycerol (DG) and fatty acid (FA). It acts as a critical regulatory factor in cellular lipid metabolism. The reprogramming of lipid metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer, suggesting that altering lipid metabolism could become a new strategy for tumor treatment. Research has revealed a close association between ABHD5 and the development and progression of malignancies. This review summarizes the role of ABHD5 in various malignant tumors and explores the different signaling pathways and metabolic routes that may be involved, providing a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of ABHD5.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the increasing incidence of lung cancer, the coexistence of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and lung cancer is becoming more common. However, the standard treatment protocols for patients with both conditions are still being explored. The conflict between the rapidly evolving therapeutic approaches for tumors and the limited treatment options for PAP presents a significant challenge for clinicians. Determining the optimal timing of treatment for both conditions to maximize patient benefit is a clinical conundrum. Here, we report a rare case of PAP complicated by lung adenocarcinoma, where interstitial lung changes worsened after neoadjuvant therapy but improved significantly following surgical resection of the lung adenocarcinoma. This case highlights the importance of prioritizing tumor treatment in patients with lung cancer complicated by PAP and examines the interplay between the two conditions, as well as potential therapeutic strategies.
随着肺癌发病率的上升，肺泡蛋白沉积症（PAP）和肺癌并存的情况越来越常见。然而，针对这两种疾病患者的标准治疗方案仍在探索之中。肿瘤治疗方法的快速发展与肺泡蛋白沉积症治疗方案的有限性之间的矛盾给临床医生带来了巨大挑战。如何确定这两种疾病的最佳治疗时机，使患者获益最大化是一个临床难题。在此，我们报告了一例罕见的肺腺癌并发 PAP 病例，患者在接受新辅助治疗后肺间质病变恶化，但在手术切除肺腺癌后病情明显好转。该病例强调了对并发 PAP 的肺癌患者优先进行肿瘤治疗的重要性，并探讨了这两种疾病之间的相互作用以及潜在的治疗策略。
{"title":"Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis complicated by lung cancer with favorable prognosis: a case report and literature review","authors":"Ying Wu, Wenhui Guan, Jiaxi Deng, Wenwei Mo, Beini Xu, Jiahao Zhang, Huixin Jiang, Jie Liu, Xinqing Lin, Chengzhi Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1434631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1434631","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing incidence of lung cancer, the coexistence of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and lung cancer is becoming more common. However, the standard treatment protocols for patients with both conditions are still being explored. The conflict between the rapidly evolving therapeutic approaches for tumors and the limited treatment options for PAP presents a significant challenge for clinicians. Determining the optimal timing of treatment for both conditions to maximize patient benefit is a clinical conundrum. Here, we report a rare case of PAP complicated by lung adenocarcinoma, where interstitial lung changes worsened after neoadjuvant therapy but improved significantly following surgical resection of the lung adenocarcinoma. This case highlights the importance of prioritizing tumor treatment in patients with lung cancer complicated by PAP and examines the interplay between the two conditions, as well as potential therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1371792
Ramadevi Subramani, Animesh Chatterjee, Diego A. Pedroza, Seeta Poudel, Preetha Rajkumar, Jeffrey Annabi, Elizabeth Penner, Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy
BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with no effective targeted treatment currently available. Estrogen and its metabolites influence the growth of mammary cancer. Previously, we demonstrated the anti-cancer effects of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) on mammary carcinogenesis.Materials and methodsIn the present study, we investigated the effects of 2ME2 on TNBC cells. TNBC (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and non-tumorigenic breast (MCF10A) cell lines were used to determine the effects of 2ME2 on cell proliferation (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium; MTS assay), cell cycle (flow cytometric assay), migration (transwell migration assay), invasion (matrigel invasion assay), apoptosis (annexin V/propidium iodide assay), colony formation (soft agar assay), and miRNome (human miRNA profiling array). The miRNome data were analyzed using the c-BioPortal and Xena platforms. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Ontology, and reactome pathway analyses were performed.ResultsWe found that 2ME2 effectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, 2ME2 treatment arrested TNBC cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. Treatment with 2ME2 also significantly decreased the aggressiveness of TNBC cells by inhibiting their migration and invasion. In addition, 2ME2 altered the miRNA expression in these cells. In silico analysis of the miRNome profile of 2ME2-treated MDA-MB-468 cells revealed that miRNAs altered the target genes involved in many different cancer hallmarks.Conclusion2ME2 inhibits triple negative breast cancer by impacting major cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, etc. It further modifies gene expression by altering the miRNome of triple negative breast cancer cells. Overall, our findings suggest 2ME2 as a potent anti-cancer drug for the treatment of TNBC.
{"title":"2-methoxyestradiol inhibits the malignant behavior of triple negative breast cancer cells by altering their miRNome","authors":"Ramadevi Subramani, Animesh Chatterjee, Diego A. Pedroza, Seeta Poudel, Preetha Rajkumar, Jeffrey Annabi, Elizabeth Penner, Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1371792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1371792","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with no effective targeted treatment currently available. Estrogen and its metabolites influence the growth of mammary cancer. Previously, we demonstrated the anti-cancer effects of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) on mammary carcinogenesis.Materials and methodsIn the present study, we investigated the effects of 2ME2 on TNBC cells. TNBC (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and non-tumorigenic breast (MCF10A) cell lines were used to determine the effects of 2ME2 on cell proliferation (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium; MTS assay), cell cycle (flow cytometric assay), migration (transwell migration assay), invasion (matrigel invasion assay), apoptosis (annexin V/propidium iodide assay), colony formation (soft agar assay), and miRNome (human miRNA profiling array). The miRNome data were analyzed using the c-BioPortal and Xena platforms. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Ontology, and reactome pathway analyses were performed.ResultsWe found that 2ME2 effectively inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, 2ME2 treatment arrested TNBC cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. Treatment with 2ME2 also significantly decreased the aggressiveness of TNBC cells by inhibiting their migration and invasion. In addition, 2ME2 altered the miRNA expression in these cells. In silico analysis of the miRNome profile of 2ME2-treated MDA-MB-468 cells revealed that miRNAs altered the target genes involved in many different cancer hallmarks.Conclusion2ME2 inhibits triple negative breast cancer by impacting major cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, etc. It further modifies gene expression by altering the miRNome of triple negative breast cancer cells. Overall, our findings suggest 2ME2 as a potent anti-cancer drug for the treatment of TNBC.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1411353
Fuyu Yang, Ye Yuan, Wenwen Liu, Chenglin Tang, Fan He, Defei Chen, Junjie Xiong, Guoquan Huang, Kun Qian
BackgroundTo improve perioperative frailty status in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery (LCCS), we explored a new intensive prehabilitation program that combines prehabilitation exercises with standard enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and explored its impact.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial. Between April 2021 to August 2021, patients undergoing elective LCCS were randomized into the standardized ERAS (S-ERAS) group or ERAS based on prehabilitation (group PR-ERAS). Patients in the PR-ERAS group undergoing prehabilitation exercises in the perioperative period in addition to standard enhanced recovery after surgery. We explored the effects of this prehabilitation protocol on frailty, short-term quality of recovery (QoR), psychological status, postoperative functional capacity, postoperative outcomes, and pain.ResultsIn total, 125 patients were evaluated, and 95 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly allocated to the S-ERAS (n = 45) and PR-ERAS (n = 50) groups. The Fried score was higher in the PR-ERAS group on postoperative day (7 (2(2,3) vs. 3(2,4), P = 0.012). The QoR-9 was higher in the PR-ERAS group than in the S-ERAS group on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days. The PR-ERAS group had an earlier time to first ambulation (P < 0.050) and time to first flatus (P < 0.050).ConclusionPrehabilitation exercises can improve postoperative frailty and accelerate recovery in patients undergoing LCCS but may not improve surgical safety. Therefore, better and more targeted prehabilitation recovery protocols should be explored.Clinical trial registrationwww.clinicaltrials.org, identifier NCT04964856.
{"title":"Effect of prehabilitation exercises on postoperative frailty in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery","authors":"Fuyu Yang, Ye Yuan, Wenwen Liu, Chenglin Tang, Fan He, Defei Chen, Junjie Xiong, Guoquan Huang, Kun Qian","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1411353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1411353","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundTo improve perioperative frailty status in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery (LCCS), we explored a new intensive prehabilitation program that combines prehabilitation exercises with standard enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and explored its impact.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial. Between April 2021 to August 2021, patients undergoing elective LCCS were randomized into the standardized ERAS (S-ERAS) group or ERAS based on prehabilitation (group PR-ERAS). Patients in the PR-ERAS group undergoing prehabilitation exercises in the perioperative period in addition to standard enhanced recovery after surgery. We explored the effects of this prehabilitation protocol on frailty, short-term quality of recovery (QoR), psychological status, postoperative functional capacity, postoperative outcomes, and pain.ResultsIn total, 125 patients were evaluated, and 95 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly allocated to the S-ERAS (n = 45) and PR-ERAS (n = 50) groups. The Fried score was higher in the PR-ERAS group on postoperative day (7 (2(2,3) vs. 3(2,4), P = 0.012). The QoR-9 was higher in the PR-ERAS group than in the S-ERAS group on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th postoperative days. The PR-ERAS group had an earlier time to first ambulation (P &lt; 0.050) and time to first flatus (P &lt; 0.050).ConclusionPrehabilitation exercises can improve postoperative frailty and accelerate recovery in patients undergoing LCCS but may not improve surgical safety. Therefore, better and more targeted prehabilitation recovery protocols should be explored.Clinical trial registration<jats:ext-link>www.clinicaltrials.org</jats:ext-link>, identifier NCT04964856.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1428741
Jill M. Brooks, Yuanning Zheng, Kelly Hunter, Benjamin E. Willcox, Janet Dunn, Paul Nankivell, Olivier Gevaert, Hisham Mehanna
BackgroundThe incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasing, due mainly to a rise in Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-mediated disease. HPV-mediated OPC has significantly better prognosis compared with HPV-negative OPC, stimulating interest in treatment de-intensification approaches to reduce long-term sequelae. Routine clinical testing frequently utilises immunohistochemistry to detect upregulation of p16 as a surrogate marker of HPV-mediation. However, this does not detect discordant p16-/HPV+ cases and incorrectly assigns p16+/HPV- cases, which, given their inferior prognosis compared to p16+/HPV+, may have important clinical implications. The biology underlying poorer prognosis of p16/HPV discordant OPC requires exploration.MethodsGeoMx digital spatial profiling was used to compare the expression patterns of selected immuno-oncology-related genes/gene families (n=73) within the tumour and stromal compartments of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded OPC tumour tissues (n=12) representing the three subgroups, p16+/HPV+, p16+/HPV- and p16-/HPV-.ResultsKeratin (multi KRT) and HIF1A, a key regulator of hypoxia adaptation, were upregulated in both p16+/HPV- and p16-/HPV- tumours relative to p16+/HPV+. Several genes associated with tumour cell proliferation and survival (CCND1, AKT1 and CD44) were more highly expressed in p16-/HPV- tumours relative to p16+/HPV+. Conversely, multiple genes with potential roles in anti-tumour immune responses (immune cell recruitment/trafficking, antigen processing and presentation), such as CXCL9, CXCL10, ITGB2, PSMB10, CD74, HLA-DRB and B2M, were more highly expressed in the tumour and stromal compartments of p16+/HPV+ OPC versus p16-/HPV- and p16+/HPV-. CXCL9 was the only gene showing significant differential expression between p16+/HPV- and p16-/HPV- tumours being upregulated within the stromal compartment of the former.ConclusionsIn terms of immune-oncology-related gene expression, discordant p16+/HPV- OPCs are much more closely aligned with p16-/HPV-OPCs and quite distinct from p16+/HPV+ tumours. This is consistent with previously described prognostic patterns (p16+/HPV+ >> p16+/HPV- > p16-/HPV-) and underlines the need for dual p16 and HPV testing to guide clinical decision making.
{"title":"Digital Spatial Profiling identifies distinct patterns of immuno-oncology-related gene expression within oropharyngeal tumours in relation to HPV and p16 status","authors":"Jill M. Brooks, Yuanning Zheng, Kelly Hunter, Benjamin E. Willcox, Janet Dunn, Paul Nankivell, Olivier Gevaert, Hisham Mehanna","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1428741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1428741","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasing, due mainly to a rise in Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-mediated disease. HPV-mediated OPC has significantly better prognosis compared with HPV-negative OPC, stimulating interest in treatment de-intensification approaches to reduce long-term sequelae. Routine clinical testing frequently utilises immunohistochemistry to detect upregulation of p16 as a surrogate marker of HPV-mediation. However, this does not detect discordant p16-/HPV+ cases and incorrectly assigns p16+/HPV- cases, which, given their inferior prognosis compared to p16+/HPV+, may have important clinical implications. The biology underlying poorer prognosis of p16/HPV discordant OPC requires exploration.MethodsGeoMx digital spatial profiling was used to compare the expression patterns of selected immuno-oncology-related genes/gene families (n=73) within the tumour and stromal compartments of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded OPC tumour tissues (n=12) representing the three subgroups, p16+/HPV+, p16+/HPV- and p16-/HPV-.ResultsKeratin (multi KRT) and <jats:italic>HIF1A</jats:italic>, a key regulator of hypoxia adaptation, were upregulated in both p16+/HPV- and p16-/HPV- tumours relative to p16+/HPV+. Several genes associated with tumour cell proliferation and survival (<jats:italic>CCND1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>AKT1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CD44</jats:italic>) were more highly expressed in p16-/HPV- tumours relative to p16+/HPV+. Conversely, multiple genes with potential roles in anti-tumour immune responses (immune cell recruitment/trafficking, antigen processing and presentation), such as <jats:italic>CXCL9</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CXCL10</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ITGB2</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PSMB10</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CD74</jats:italic>, HLA-DRB and <jats:italic>B2M</jats:italic>, were more highly expressed in the tumour and stromal compartments of p16+/HPV+ OPC versus p16-/HPV- and p16+/HPV-. CXCL9 was the only gene showing significant differential expression between p16+/HPV- and p16-/HPV- tumours being upregulated within the stromal compartment of the former.ConclusionsIn terms of immune-oncology-related gene expression, discordant p16+/HPV- OPCs are much more closely aligned with p16-/HPV-OPCs and quite distinct from p16+/HPV+ tumours. This is consistent with previously described prognostic patterns (p16+/HPV+ &gt;&gt; p16+/HPV- &gt; p16-/HPV-) and underlines the need for dual p16 and HPV testing to guide clinical decision making.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, trailing only behind lung cancer, and stands as the third most prevalent malignant tumor, following lung and breast cancers. The primary cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) stems from distant metastasis. Among the various routes of metastasis in CRC, lymph node metastasis predominates, serving as a pivotal factor in both prognostication and treatment decisions for patients. This intricate cascade of events involves multifaceted molecular mechanisms, highlighting the complexity underlying lymph node metastasis in CRC. The cytokines or proteins involved in lymph node metastasis may represent the most promising lymph node metastasis markers for clinical use. In this review, we aim to consolidate the current understanding of the mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC), drawing upon insights from the most recent literatures. We also provide an overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the molecular underpinnings of lymph node metastasis in CRC, along with the potential of innovative targeted therapies. These advancements hold promise for enhancing the prognosis of CRC patients by addressing the challenges posed by lymph node metastasis.
{"title":"Biomarkers of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: update","authors":"Xiao Zhu, Shui-quan Lin, Jun Xie, Li-hui Wang, Li-juan Zhang, Ling-ling Xu, Jian-guang Xu, Yang-bo Lv","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1409627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1409627","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, trailing only behind lung cancer, and stands as the third most prevalent malignant tumor, following lung and breast cancers. The primary cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) stems from distant metastasis. Among the various routes of metastasis in CRC, lymph node metastasis predominates, serving as a pivotal factor in both prognostication and treatment decisions for patients. This intricate cascade of events involves multifaceted molecular mechanisms, highlighting the complexity underlying lymph node metastasis in CRC. The cytokines or proteins involved in lymph node metastasis may represent the most promising lymph node metastasis markers for clinical use. In this review, we aim to consolidate the current understanding of the mechanisms and pathophysiology underlying lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC), drawing upon insights from the most recent literatures. We also provide an overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the molecular underpinnings of lymph node metastasis in CRC, along with the potential of innovative targeted therapies. These advancements hold promise for enhancing the prognosis of CRC patients by addressing the challenges posed by lymph node metastasis.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1324810
Yue-Hong Qin, Xiao-Mei Shi
ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the status quo of readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery and to analyse its influencing factors.MethodA total of 300 patients with brain tumours who were admitted to the neurosurgery ward of our hospital between September 2020 and December 2022 were selected as the study participants using the convenient sampling method. The readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery was investigated using a general information questionnaire, the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS), the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale (QDTS), the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and its influencing factors were analysed.ResultsThe total RHDS score of patients with brain tumours was (155.02 ± 14.67), which was at a medium level. There was a positive correlation between readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery and the UW-QOL score (r = 0.459, p = 0.001), SSRS score (r = 0.322, p = 0.000), and QDTS score (r = 0.407, p = 0.001). The influencing factors of readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours included the content actually obtained by patients (health guidance) before discharge (p = 0.001), discharge teaching skills (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.006), swallowing status (p = 0.021), education level (p = 0.016), and objective support (p = 0.022).ConclusionThe readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours is at a medium level. Medical staff should give inpatients more targeted knowledge and implement personalised health education according to the patient’s age, education level, swallowing status, and objective support to improve the patient’s readiness for hospital discharge.
{"title":"Status quo and influencing factors of readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery","authors":"Yue-Hong Qin, Xiao-Mei Shi","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1324810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1324810","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the status quo of readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery and to analyse its influencing factors.MethodA total of 300 patients with brain tumours who were admitted to the neurosurgery ward of our hospital between September 2020 and December 2022 were selected as the study participants using the convenient sampling method. The readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery was investigated using a general information questionnaire, the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS), the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale (QDTS), the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and its influencing factors were analysed.ResultsThe total RHDS score of patients with brain tumours was (155.02 ± 14.67), which was at a medium level. There was a positive correlation between readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours after surgery and the UW-QOL score (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.459, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.001), SSRS score (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.322, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.000), and QDTS score (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> = 0.407, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.001). The influencing factors of readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours included the content actually obtained by patients (health guidance) before discharge (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.001), discharge teaching skills (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.001), age (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.006), swallowing status (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.021), education level (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.016), and objective support (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.022).ConclusionThe readiness for hospital discharge in patients with brain tumours is at a medium level. Medical staff should give inpatients more targeted knowledge and implement personalised health education according to the patient’s age, education level, swallowing status, and objective support to improve the patient’s readiness for hospital discharge.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1417053
Muhammad Muhammad, Mousa Alali, Maher Saifo
BackgroundAdvanced breast cancer (ABC) is a heterogeneous disease with varied prognoses, that is affected by many clinicopathological features. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, first-line treatment (FLx), and prognostic impact of these features on survival among Syrian patients with ABC.Materials and methodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients with ABC. The association of clinicopathological factors with survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test, as well as the Cox proportional hazards regression model to calculate the hazard ratio (HaR).ResultsA total of 423 patients with ABC were included in the study, with a median age (range) of 47 years (23-82). 83% of metastases were metachronous. Most patients (91.8%) received chemotherapy as the FLx. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of all the patients were 7 and 16 months, respectively. The median PFS was associated with four factors, which were time of metastasis (adjusted HaR=1.861, 95% CI 1.420-2.438, P<0.0001), performance status (PS) (adjusted HaR=1.456, 95% CI 1.049-2.021, P=0.025), ovarian metastasis (adjusted HaR=7.907, 95% CI 1.049-59.576, P=0.045), and FLx (adjusted HaR=2.536, 95% CI 1.581-4.068, P<0.0001). Similarly, the OS was associated with three factors, including hormone receptors (HRs) status (adjusted HaR=1.124, 95% CI 1.009-1.252, P=0.034), time of metastasis (adjusted HaR=2.099, 95% CI 1.588-2.775, P<0.0001), and PS (adjusted HaR=1.787, 95% CI 1.429-2.233, P<0.0001). In the HR-positive/human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)-negative group, endocrine therapy was significantly associated with longer PFS compared with chemotherapy (15 vs 7 months, adjusted HaR=2.699, 95% CI 1.417-5.143, P=0.003). Furthermore, there was no difference in OS between the two treatment modalities (P=0.855).ConclusionsABC survival varies depending on the location of metastases. Good PS and synchronous stage 4 disease were independent prognostic factors for longer PFS and OS. In the HR-positive/HER2-negative group, PFS for endocrine therapy was significantly longer than chemotherapy, with no differences in OS. This study confirms that endocrine therapy is preferred as an FLx for ABC in the HR-positive/HER2-negative group.
背景晚期乳腺癌（ABC）是一种预后各异的异质性疾病，受多种临床病理特征的影响。本研究旨在调查叙利亚晚期乳腺癌患者的临床病理特征、一线治疗（FLx）以及这些特征对生存期的预后影响。采用 Kaplan-Meier 曲线和对数秩检验评估临床病理因素与生存的关系，并采用 Cox 比例危险回归模型计算危险比（HaR）。结果共纳入 423 例 ABC 患者，中位年龄（范围）为 47 岁（23-82）。83%的转移灶为远期转移灶。大多数患者（91.8%）接受了 FLx 化疗。所有患者的中位无进展生存期（PFS）和总生存期（OS）分别为7个月和16个月。中位生存期与四个因素有关，即转移时间（调整后的 HaR=1.861, 95% CI 1.420-2.438, P<0.0001）、表现状态（PS）（调整后的 HaR=1.456，95% CI 1.049-2.021，P=0.025）、卵巢转移（调整后 HaR=7.907，95% CI 1.049-59.576，P=0.045）和 FLx（调整后 HaR=2.536，95% CI 1.581-4.068，P<0.0001）。同样，OS与三个因素相关，包括激素受体（HRs）状态（调整后HaR=1.124，95% CI 1.009-1.252，P=0.034）、转移时间（调整后HaR=2.099，95% CI 1.588-2.775，P<0.0001）和PS（调整后HaR=1.787，95% CI 1.429-2.233，P<0.0001）。在HR阳性/人表皮生长受体2（HER2）阴性组，与化疗相比，内分泌治疗与更长的PFS显著相关（15个月 vs 7个月，调整后HaR=2.699，95% CI 1.417-5.143, P=0.003）。此外，两种治疗方式的 OS 没有差异（P=0.855）。良好的PS和同步4期疾病是延长PFS和OS的独立预后因素。在HR阳性/HER2阴性组，内分泌治疗的PFS明显长于化疗，而OS则无差异。这项研究证实，在HR阳性/HER2阴性组中，内分泌治疗是ABC的首选前线治疗方案。
{"title":"Clinicopathological features, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes among Syrian patients with advanced breast cancer","authors":"Muhammad Muhammad, Mousa Alali, Maher Saifo","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1417053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1417053","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundAdvanced breast cancer (ABC) is a heterogeneous disease with varied prognoses, that is affected by many clinicopathological features. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, first-line treatment (FLx), and prognostic impact of these features on survival among Syrian patients with ABC.Materials and methodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients with ABC. The association of clinicopathological factors with survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test, as well as the Cox proportional hazards regression model to calculate the hazard ratio (HaR).ResultsA total of 423 patients with ABC were included in the study, with a median age (range) of 47 years (23-82). 83% of metastases were metachronous. Most patients (91.8%) received chemotherapy as the FLx. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of all the patients were 7 and 16 months, respectively. The median PFS was associated with four factors, which were time of metastasis (adjusted HaR=1.861, 95% CI 1.420-2.438, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.0001), performance status (PS) (adjusted HaR=1.456, 95% CI 1.049-2.021, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.025), ovarian metastasis (adjusted HaR=7.907, 95% CI 1.049-59.576, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.045), and FLx (adjusted HaR=2.536, 95% CI 1.581-4.068, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.0001). Similarly, the OS was associated with three factors, including hormone receptors (HRs) status (adjusted HaR=1.124, 95% CI 1.009-1.252, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.034), time of metastasis (adjusted HaR=2.099, 95% CI 1.588-2.775, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.0001), and PS (adjusted HaR=1.787, 95% CI 1.429-2.233, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.0001). In the HR-positive/human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)-negative group, endocrine therapy was significantly associated with longer PFS compared with chemotherapy (15 vs 7 months, adjusted HaR=2.699, 95% CI 1.417-5.143, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.003). Furthermore, there was no difference in OS between the two treatment modalities (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>=0.855).ConclusionsABC survival varies depending on the location of metastases. Good PS and synchronous stage 4 disease were independent prognostic factors for longer PFS and OS. In the HR-positive/HER2-negative group, PFS for endocrine therapy was significantly longer than chemotherapy, with no differences in OS. This study confirms that endocrine therapy is preferred as an FLx for ABC in the HR-positive/HER2-negative group.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1478373
Thomas Blouin, Natalie Saini
Aldehyde exposure has been shown to lead to the formation of DNA damage comprising of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs), base adducts and interstrand or intrastrand crosslinks. DPCs have recently drawn more attention because of recent advances in detection and quantification of these adducts. DPCs are highly deleterious to genome stability and have been shown to block replication forks, leading to wide-spread mutagenesis. Cellular mechanisms to prevent DPC-induced damage include excision repair pathways, homologous recombination, and specialized proteases involved in cleaving the covalently bound proteins from DNA. These pathways were first discovered in formaldehyde-treated cells, however, since then, various other aldehydes have been shown to induce formation of DPCs in cells. Defects in DPC repair or aldehyde clearance mechanisms lead to various diseases including Ruijs-Aalfs syndrome and AMeD syndrome in humans. Here, we discuss recent developments in understanding how aldehydes form DPCs, how they are repaired, and the consequences of defects in these repair pathways.
研究表明，接触醛会导致 DNA 损伤的形成，包括 DNA 蛋白交联（DPC）、碱基加合物以及链间或链内交联。由于最近在检测和量化这些加合物方面取得的进展，DPCs 最近引起了更多关注。DPC 对基因组的稳定性具有极大的破坏性，已被证明会阻断复制叉，导致大范围的突变。防止 DPC 引起的损伤的细胞机制包括切除修复途径、同源重组以及参与将共价结合的蛋白质从 DNA 中清除的专门蛋白酶。这些途径最早是在经甲醛处理的细胞中发现的，但自那时起，其他各种醛类物质也被证明可诱导细胞中 DPC 的形成。DPC 修复或醛清除机制的缺陷会导致各种疾病，包括人类的 Ruijs-Aalfs 综合征和 AMeD 综合征。在这里，我们将讨论在了解醛如何形成 DPCs、如何修复 DPCs 以及这些修复途径缺陷的后果方面的最新进展。
{"title":"Aldehyde-induced DNA-protein crosslinks- DNA damage, repair and mutagenesis","authors":"Thomas Blouin, Natalie Saini","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1478373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1478373","url":null,"abstract":"Aldehyde exposure has been shown to lead to the formation of DNA damage comprising of DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs), base adducts and interstrand or intrastrand crosslinks. DPCs have recently drawn more attention because of recent advances in detection and quantification of these adducts. DPCs are highly deleterious to genome stability and have been shown to block replication forks, leading to wide-spread mutagenesis. Cellular mechanisms to prevent DPC-induced damage include excision repair pathways, homologous recombination, and specialized proteases involved in cleaving the covalently bound proteins from DNA. These pathways were first discovered in formaldehyde-treated cells, however, since then, various other aldehydes have been shown to induce formation of DPCs in cells. Defects in DPC repair or aldehyde clearance mechanisms lead to various diseases including Ruijs-Aalfs syndrome and AMeD syndrome in humans. Here, we discuss recent developments in understanding how aldehydes form DPCs, how they are repaired, and the consequences of defects in these repair pathways.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1387952
Ju Gong, Shunhong Wang, Shuting Wang, Chaojie Li, Wenhua Li, Yingjie Chen, Ning Xia, Chen Wang, Zhongmin Wang
BackgroundIrreversible electroporation has been proved as a feasible and safe method against tumor in liver. However, few studies focused on tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure like vessels, biliary system and gall bladder. These structures limit the effectiveness of conventional treatments. The aim of this article is to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatic tumors at the special sites who received IRE treatment and provide reliable evidence for broadening the scope of IRE’s clinical application.MethodsThe clinical information of patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure between February 2017 and December 2021 was collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MRI for further evaluation at the 1-month follow-up and every 3 months thereafter. Post-ablation complications, recurrence, progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated to analyze the prognosis of IRE ablation adjacent to perihepatic important structure. Categorical variables are presented as numbers followed by percentages. Continuous data are presented as the mean ± deviation. The tumor size and IRE ablation size were evaluated by the maximum diameters.ResultsThirty-two patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumor adjacent to perihepatic important structure were studied in this research. There were 39 lesions in 32 patients treated with IRE ablation. Fourteen of them (35.9%) were located adjacent to the porta hepatis, and 8 of them (20.5%) were located adjacent to the hepatocaval confluence. Subcapsular lesions accounted for 15.4% (6 of 39 lesions). The other 11 lesions were in the para gallbladder (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%), the caudate lobe (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%) and the colonic hepatic flexure (1 of 39 lesions, 2.6%). According to the Clavien−Dindo classification system for complications, all relative patients with cancer experienced complications below class III except one patient who developed postoperative hemorrhagic shock and improved after timely treatment. Recurrence in situ was observed in 5 of 32 (15.6%) patients. The median PFS of the patients who received IRE ablation was 384 days, and the median OS was 571 days.ConclusionIRE ablation is a feasible and safe treatment strategy for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure. With improved equipment, optimized therapeutic parameters and long-term clinical trials, IRE will play an increasingly important role in the treatment of tumors in liver.
{"title":"A retrospective study of irreversible electroporation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure","authors":"Ju Gong, Shunhong Wang, Shuting Wang, Chaojie Li, Wenhua Li, Yingjie Chen, Ning Xia, Chen Wang, Zhongmin Wang","doi":"10.3389/fonc.2024.1387952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1387952","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundIrreversible electroporation has been proved as a feasible and safe method against tumor in liver. However, few studies focused on tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure like vessels, biliary system and gall bladder. These structures limit the effectiveness of conventional treatments. The aim of this article is to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatic tumors at the special sites who received IRE treatment and provide reliable evidence for broadening the scope of IRE’s clinical application.MethodsThe clinical information of patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure between February 2017 and December 2021 was collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MRI for further evaluation at the 1-month follow-up and every 3 months thereafter. Post-ablation complications, recurrence, progression-free survival and overall survival were evaluated to analyze the prognosis of IRE ablation adjacent to perihepatic important structure. Categorical variables are presented as numbers followed by percentages. Continuous data are presented as the mean ± deviation. The tumor size and IRE ablation size were evaluated by the maximum diameters.ResultsThirty-two patients who underwent IRE ablation for tumor adjacent to perihepatic important structure were studied in this research. There were 39 lesions in 32 patients treated with IRE ablation. Fourteen of them (35.9%) were located adjacent to the porta hepatis, and 8 of them (20.5%) were located adjacent to the hepatocaval confluence. Subcapsular lesions accounted for 15.4% (6 of 39 lesions). The other 11 lesions were in the para gallbladder (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%), the caudate lobe (5 of 39 lesions, 12.8%) and the colonic hepatic flexure (1 of 39 lesions, 2.6%). According to the Clavien−Dindo classification system for complications, all relative patients with cancer experienced complications below class III except one patient who developed postoperative hemorrhagic shock and improved after timely treatment. Recurrence <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> was observed in 5 of 32 (15.6%) patients. The median PFS of the patients who received IRE ablation was 384 days, and the median OS was 571 days.ConclusionIRE ablation is a feasible and safe treatment strategy for tumors adjacent to perihepatic important structure. With improved equipment, optimized therapeutic parameters and long-term clinical trials, IRE will play an increasingly important role in the treatment of tumors in liver.","PeriodicalId":12482,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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