The possibilities of out-of-lab gait analysis are ever increasing, with a recent development from Protokinetics movement analysis software (PKMAS) which, among other parameters, proposes an estimation of centre of mass (COMe) displacement. This measure can be useful in both clinical and sports performance environments.
Research question
Does PKMAS provide an accurate estimation of the COM displacement and velocity?
Methods
Fifteen participants completed 10 walking trials over the Zeno™ Walkway while simultaneously being equipped with a full-body marker set for VICON analysis. The antero-posterior and medio-lateral COMe displacement components from PKMAS were compared with the projected 3D COM obtained from marker tracking using Bland-Altman analyses and Lin’s concordance coefficient. COM velocity was also calculated from the estimated displacement data from PKMAS.
Results
Results demonstrated a high mean bias in both the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions for COMe displacement. COMe velocity showed low mean bias but high limits of agreement and low precision. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient showed good to excellent agreement in the AP direction for velocity and displacement, respectively; poor agreement was seen in the ML direction.
Significance
Based on these observations, the COMe proposed by the Protokinetics software does not produce accurate results and is to be used with caution in healthy subjects; it is not recommended for subjects presenting pathological gait.
背景:实验室外步态分析的可能性越来越大,Protokinetics运动分析软件(PKMAS)最近开发出了一种新方法,除其他参数外,还可估算质量中心(COMe)位移。这种测量方法在临床和运动表现环境中都很有用:研究问题:PKMAS 是否能准确估计 COM 位移和速度?15 名参与者在 Zeno™ Walkway 上完成了 10 次行走试验,同时配备了用于 VICON 分析的全身标记集。使用布兰-阿尔特曼分析法和林氏一致系数将 PKMAS 得出的前后和内外侧 COMe 位移分量与标记跟踪得出的投影三维 COM 进行比较。此外,还根据 PKMAS 估算的位移数据计算了 COM 速度:结果表明,COMe 位移在前胸(AP)和内外侧(ML)方向的平均偏差都很大。COMe速度的平均偏差较低,但一致性和精确度的限制较高。林氏一致性相关系数(Lin's concordance correlation coefficient)显示,在 AP 方向上,速度和位移的一致性分别为良好到极佳;在 ML 方向上,一致性较差:根据上述观察结果,Protokinetics 软件提出的 COMe 不能得出准确的结果,健康受试者应慎用;对于出现病态步态的受试者,不建议使用。
{"title":"Concurrent validity of Protokinetics movement analysis software for estimated centre of mass displacement and velocity during walking","authors":"Julia Greenfield , Romain Guichard , Romain Kubiak , Mathias Blandeau","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The possibilities of out-of-lab gait analysis are ever increasing, with a recent development from Protokinetics movement analysis software (PKMAS) which, among other parameters, proposes an estimation of centre of mass (COMe) displacement. This measure can be useful in both clinical and sports performance environments.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Does PKMAS provide an accurate estimation of the COM displacement and velocity?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen participants completed 10 walking trials over the Zeno™ Walkway while simultaneously being equipped with a full-body marker set for VICON analysis. The antero-posterior and medio-lateral COMe displacement components from PKMAS were compared with the projected 3D COM obtained from marker tracking using Bland-Altman analyses and Lin’s concordance coefficient. COM velocity was also calculated from the estimated displacement data from PKMAS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results demonstrated a high mean bias in both the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions for COMe displacement. COMe velocity showed low mean bias but high limits of agreement and low precision. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient showed good to excellent agreement in the AP direction for velocity and displacement, respectively; poor agreement was seen in the ML direction.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Based on these observations, the COMe proposed by the Protokinetics software does not produce accurate results and is to be used with caution in healthy subjects; it is not recommended for subjects presenting pathological gait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142550104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.018
Jutharat Poomulna , Brian A. Knarr , Vivek Dutt , David C. Kingston
Background
The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) is a metric clinicians use to assess overall gait pathology in children with cerebral palsy (CP) by comparing kinematic data to a normative sample. The Gait Variability Index (GVI) is a related metric that quantifies the variability in spatio-temporal variables during gait. The GDI and GVI have been verified using marker-based motion capture approaches, but video-based markerless motion capture has not been compared using these tools in children with CP.
Research question
Do GDI and GVI scores differ when measured using markerlessTheia3D and a marker-based approach between the more and less affected legs in children with CP?
Methods
Fifteen children with CP (GMFCS levels I-IV) and 24 typically developing children aged 6–18 years were recruited for this study. Overground walking was performed at a self-selected pace while the pelvis and lower limb kinematics were simultaneously recorded using both motion capture systems. Differences in GDI and GVI scores when considering the effect of system and limb impairment were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs.
Results
GDI scores were 6.9 points lower (p < 0.05) when measured using Theia3D compared to the marker-based approach and 6.8 points lower (p < 0.05) in the more affected limbs than in the less affected limbs. These GDI score differences are considered clinically significant. No differences were identified in GVI scores between systems or limb impairment. Differences in kinematic measurements were found in children with CP, including pelvic tilt, hip flexion/extension, hip rotation, and foot progression angle, where root mean square differences between systems exceeded 10°.
Significance
Theia3D can adequately measure variability in spatio-temporal gait parameters for quantifying GVI scores in children with CP compared to the marker-based approach. However, caution is needed when quantifying lower limb kinematics and interpreting GDI and GVI scores using Theia3D in children with CP.
{"title":"Comparison of gait deviation index (GDI) and gait variability index (GVI) measured by marker-based and markerless motion capture systems in children with cerebral palsy (CP)","authors":"Jutharat Poomulna , Brian A. Knarr , Vivek Dutt , David C. Kingston","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) is a metric clinicians use to assess overall gait pathology in children with cerebral palsy (CP) by comparing kinematic data to a normative sample. The Gait Variability Index (GVI) is a related metric that quantifies the variability in spatio-temporal variables during gait. The GDI and GVI have been verified using marker-based motion capture approaches, but video-based markerless motion capture has not been compared using these tools in children with CP.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Do GDI and GVI scores differ when measured using markerlessTheia3D and a marker-based approach between the more and less affected legs in children with CP?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen children with CP (GMFCS levels I-IV) and 24 typically developing children aged 6–18 years were recruited for this study. Overground walking was performed at a self-selected pace while the pelvis and lower limb kinematics were simultaneously recorded using both motion capture systems. Differences in GDI and GVI scores when considering the effect of system and limb impairment were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GDI scores were 6.9 points lower (p < 0.05) when measured using Theia3D compared to the marker-based approach and 6.8 points lower (p < 0.05) in the more affected limbs than in the less affected limbs. These GDI score differences are considered clinically significant. No differences were identified in GVI scores between systems or limb impairment. Differences in kinematic measurements were found in children with CP, including pelvic tilt, hip flexion/extension, hip rotation, and foot progression angle, where root mean square differences between systems exceeded 10°.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Theia3D can adequately measure variability in spatio-temporal gait parameters for quantifying GVI scores in children with CP compared to the marker-based approach. However, caution is needed when quantifying lower limb kinematics and interpreting GDI and GVI scores using Theia3D in children with CP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.020
Hideyuki Tashiro , Sota Hirosaki , Yui Sato , Hikaru Ihira , Megumi Toki , Naoki Kozuka
Background
Concern about falling is reportedly related to mobility and balance in older adults. While increased concern about falling may be directly related to balance deficits, establishing a causal relationship remains limited. This study aimed to investigate whether concern about falling affects threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control in older adults.
Research question
How does concern about falling affect threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control among older adults?
Methods
Sixty-two older adults (age; 78.8 ± 5.7 years, height; 152.7 ± 6.3 cm) were exposed to height-related fear while standing, leaning forward, and leaning backward on the floor and a higher surface. The mean position, root mean square, and mean velocity of the center of pressure (COP) displacement were measured during the standing task, as well as the forward and backward limits of stability (LOS) tasks. The degree of self-reported fear of falling (FoF) was also obtained during the standing and LOS tasks. The participants were categorized into lower and higher concerns about falling based on the short form of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FESI).
Results
Lower and higher concern about falling groups scored 10.2 ± 2.2 and 17.3 ± 3.3 in the short FESI. Both groups experienced increased FoF during the standing and forward LOS tasks on a higher surface. Leaning away from the edge of the surface resulted in increased COP velocity, decreased COP amplitude while standing, and decreased forward LOS. Participants with higher concern about falling had increased FoF during the backward LOS task and decreased backward LOS on a higher surface, while those with lower concern about falling did not.
Significance
Concern about falling can directly affect emotions and balance control owing to the occurrence of threat-related changes.
{"title":"Concern about falling is related to threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control in older adults","authors":"Hideyuki Tashiro , Sota Hirosaki , Yui Sato , Hikaru Ihira , Megumi Toki , Naoki Kozuka","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Concern about falling is reportedly related to mobility and balance in older adults. While increased concern about falling may be directly related to balance deficits, establishing a causal relationship remains limited. This study aimed to investigate whether concern about falling affects threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>How does concern about falling affect threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control among older adults?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-two older adults (age; 78.8 ± 5.7 years, height; 152.7 ± 6.3 cm) were exposed to height-related fear while standing, leaning forward, and leaning backward on the floor and a higher surface. The mean position, root mean square, and mean velocity of the center of pressure (COP) displacement were measured during the standing task, as well as the forward and backward limits of stability (LOS) tasks. The degree of self-reported fear of falling (FoF) was also obtained during the standing and LOS tasks. The participants were categorized into lower and higher concerns about falling based on the short form of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FESI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Lower and higher concern about falling groups scored 10.2 ± 2.2 and 17.3 ± 3.3 in the short FESI. Both groups experienced increased FoF during the standing and forward LOS tasks on a higher surface. Leaning away from the edge of the surface resulted in increased COP velocity, decreased COP amplitude while standing, and decreased forward LOS. Participants with higher concern about falling had increased FoF during the backward LOS task and decreased backward LOS on a higher surface, while those with lower concern about falling did not.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Concern about falling can directly affect emotions and balance control owing to the occurrence of threat-related changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.016
Hanna Johansson , Daniel S. Peterson , Jenny Sedhed , Breiffni Leavy
Background
Dual-task interference (DTI) on gait is well documented in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but how dual-tasks affect functional mobility is less known. Understanding how cognition and freezing of gait (FOG) further impact dual-task ability is important for risk assessment and subsequent delivery of targeted rehabilitation.
Research question
What is the DTI on completion time of the Timed Up and Go, and DTI on response rate of a serial subtraction task when performed simultaneously, and is DTI impacted by FOG or cognition?
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used. Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants were collected, including global cognition and self-reported FOG. The TUG test was performed with and without a serial subtraction task. Completion times on TUG and response rates on the serial subtraction task was compared between single and dual-task performance using paired samples t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test as appropriate. Prioritization between tasks was compared with one-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. The impact of FOG and cognition was investigated with multiple linear regression, controlling for age, sex, and disease severity.
Results
A total of 77 people with mild to moderate PD were included. Significant DTI was observed for both the gait (TUG) and cognitive (response rate) tasks. No statistically significant pattern of prioritization was observed between motor and cognitive tasks. Global cognition was significantly related to both completion time and response rate in single and dual-tasking, whereas FOG was not found to be associated to the outcomes in either condition.
Significance
Cognition appears to significantly relate to performance of functional mobility in single and dual-task conditions, which should be considered during routine mobility assessments in people with PD.
背景:在帕金森病(PD)患者中,双任务对步态的干扰(DTI)已被充分记录,但双任务如何影响功能移动性却鲜为人知。了解认知和步态冻结(FOG)如何进一步影响双任务能力,对于风险评估和随后提供有针对性的康复治疗非常重要:研究问题:在同时进行定时起立和前进任务时,DTI 对完成时间的影响是什么;在同时进行连续减法任务时,DTI 对反应率的影响是什么;DTI 是否受 FOG 或认知的影响?采用横断面研究设计。研究人员收集了参与者的人口统计学特征和临床特征,包括总体认知能力和自我报告的 FOG。在进行 TUG 测试时,可同时进行和不进行连续减法任务。根据情况使用配对样本 t 检验或 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验比较单任务和双任务的 TUG 完成时间和连续减法任务的反应率。使用单样本 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验比较任务之间的优先顺序。在控制年龄、性别和疾病严重程度的情况下,通过多元线性回归研究了FOG和认知能力的影响:结果:共纳入77名轻度至中度帕金森病患者。在步态(TUG)和认知(反应率)任务中均观察到显著的 DTI。在运动任务和认知任务之间没有观察到具有统计学意义的优先模式。在单一任务和双重任务中,全局认知与完成时间和反应率均有明显关系,而在这两种情况下,FOG 均与结果无关:意义:认知似乎与单一任务和双重任务条件下的功能性移动能力有明显关系,在对帕金森病患者进行常规移动能力评估时应考虑到这一点。
{"title":"Dual-task performance during the Timed Up and Go test in Parkinson's disease - the impact of freezing and cognition","authors":"Hanna Johansson , Daniel S. Peterson , Jenny Sedhed , Breiffni Leavy","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dual-task interference (DTI) on gait is well documented in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but how dual-tasks affect functional mobility is less known. Understanding how cognition and freezing of gait (FOG) further impact dual-task ability is important for risk assessment and subsequent delivery of targeted rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>What is the DTI on completion time of the Timed Up and Go, and DTI on response rate of a serial subtraction task when performed simultaneously, and is DTI impacted by FOG or cognition?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study design was used. Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants were collected, including global cognition and self-reported FOG. The TUG test was performed with and without a serial subtraction task. Completion times on TUG and response rates on the serial subtraction task was compared between single and dual-task performance using paired samples t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test as appropriate. Prioritization between tasks was compared with one-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. The impact of FOG and cognition was investigated with multiple linear regression, controlling for age, sex, and disease severity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 77 people with mild to moderate PD were included. Significant DTI was observed for both the gait (TUG) and cognitive (response rate) tasks. No statistically significant pattern of prioritization was observed between motor and cognitive tasks. Global cognition was significantly related to both completion time and response rate in single and dual-tasking, whereas FOG was not found to be associated to the outcomes in either condition.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Cognition appears to significantly relate to performance of functional mobility in single and dual-task conditions, which should be considered during routine mobility assessments in people with PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.003
G. Basini , D. Mazzoli , P. Prati , P. Zerbinati , M. Galletti , C. Rambelli , F. Mascioli , M.C. Bò , A. Merlo
Background
The Gait Profile Score (GPS) and the Gait Variable Score (GVS) are summary measures used to assess the long-term effects of neuro-orthopedic surgery (NOS) in children with cerebral palsy (cwCP).
Research question
What are the immediate changes after NOS as assessed by GPS and GVS, and how does GPS variation (ΔGPS) compare to the clinical opinion of the NOS outcome?
Methods
Prospective single-arm cohort study. CwCP were assessed before NOS and after the first month of weight-bearing. Popliteal angle, ankle passive dorsiflexion (pDF), and spasticity were collected at the bedside. During walking, pain was assessed using NPRS, and speed was obtained from gait analysis data, as well as GPS and GVS. Longitudinal variations were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Children were classified as Improved (I), Stable (S), or Worsened (W) according to ΔGPS and the cut-off threshold recommended in literature. Two clinicians independently classified patients either as I, S, or W based on surgical outcome. Agreement between these two classifications was analyzed using Cohen’s k.
Results
Twenty cwCP, 11.4 (3.4) years, were included. At the follow-up: the popliteal angle was reduced by 20° (p=0.015); pDF increased by 10° (p<0.001), and triceps surae spasticity decreased (p=0.008). Pain decreased in four children. GPS decreased from 12.7 (range 8.1–27.7) to 11.8 (7.6–17.6) (ES=0.514, p=0.046), despite a decrease in gait speed (p<0.001). GVS better highlighted the effect of NOS after single-level surgery. Clinically, 18/1/1 children were classified I/S/W. Based on ΔGPS, 9/8/3 children were classified I/S/W. Such disagreement (k=0.119, p=0.227) was mainly due to the different focus of the two assessments.
Significance
Following NOS, immediate improvements in walking kinematics were observed.
{"title":"Use of Gait Profile Score and Gait Variable Score to quantify patient improvement immediately following neuro-orthopedic surgery in patients with cerebral palsy – A prospective cohort study","authors":"G. Basini , D. Mazzoli , P. Prati , P. Zerbinati , M. Galletti , C. Rambelli , F. Mascioli , M.C. Bò , A. Merlo","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Gait Profile Score (GPS) and the Gait Variable Score (GVS) are summary measures used to assess the long-term effects of neuro-orthopedic surgery (NOS) in children with cerebral palsy (cwCP).</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>What are the immediate changes after NOS as assessed by GPS and GVS, and how does GPS variation (ΔGPS) compare to the clinical opinion of the NOS outcome?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prospective single-arm cohort study. CwCP were assessed before NOS and after the first month of weight-bearing. Popliteal angle, ankle passive dorsiflexion (pDF), and spasticity were collected at the bedside. During walking, pain was assessed using NPRS, and speed was obtained from gait analysis data, as well as GPS and GVS. Longitudinal variations were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Children were classified as Improved (I), Stable (S), or Worsened (W) according to ΔGPS and the cut-off threshold recommended in literature. Two clinicians independently classified patients either as I, S, or W based on surgical outcome. Agreement between these two classifications was analyzed using Cohen’s k.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty cwCP, 11.4 (3.4) years, were included. At the follow-up: the popliteal angle was reduced by 20° (p=0.015); pDF increased by 10° (p<0.001), and triceps surae spasticity decreased (p=0.008). Pain decreased in four children. GPS decreased from 12.7 (range 8.1–27.7) to 11.8 (7.6–17.6) (ES=0.514, p=0.046), despite a decrease in gait speed (p<0.001). GVS better highlighted the effect of NOS after single-level surgery. Clinically, 18/1/1 children were classified I/S/W. Based on ΔGPS, 9/8/3 children were classified I/S/W. Such disagreement (k=0.119, p=0.227) was mainly due to the different focus of the two assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Following NOS, immediate improvements in walking kinematics were observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.016
Benjamin David Weedon , Patrick Esser , Johnny Collett , Hooshang Izadi , Mario Inacio , Shawn Joshi , Andy Meaney , Anne Delextrat , Steve Kemp , Helen Dawes
Background
Children with reduced motor competence (MC) have reported differences in their walking performance when compared to their typically developed peers, albeit, with inconsistent results.
Research questions:
What is the effect of reduced balance on walking performance in adolescent boys and girls under cognitive-motor interference conditions?
Methods
This cross-sectional study assessed motor competence, in adolescents aged 13–14 years, using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd edition and walking performance from gait parameters derived from an inertial measurement unit placed over the estimated centre of mass. Each participant performed two 10 m straight-line walks at their self-selected speed. These consisted of a walk with no distractions and a cognitive-motor interference walk (reciting the alternate letters of the alphabet out loud). A two-way mixed ANOVA was used to assess for significant interactions.
Results
365 adolescents, (low balance = 58, typical balance = 307) participated in this study (boys = 204, girls = 161). Significant interactions were reported between MC groups and walking condition for walking speed in boys (F(1,195) = 5.23, p= 0.02, ηp2 = 0.03) and girls (F(1,154) = 4.05, p= 0.046, ηp2 = 0.03). Both sexes with low balance reduced their walking speed to a greater extent than their typically developed peers under cognitive-motor interference conditions compared to the single-task walk. In addition, boys with low balance reported increased stride length variability (F(1,198)= 4.40, p= 0.037, ηp2= 0.02) compared to typically developed peers.
Significance
Adolescents with low balance report altered walking. Our data could support a better understanding of the relationship between balance and gait and may help the development of interventions to support those with difficulties.
{"title":"The effects of cognitive-motor interference on walking performance in adolescents with low balance","authors":"Benjamin David Weedon , Patrick Esser , Johnny Collett , Hooshang Izadi , Mario Inacio , Shawn Joshi , Andy Meaney , Anne Delextrat , Steve Kemp , Helen Dawes","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children with reduced motor competence (MC) have reported differences in their walking performance when compared to their typically developed peers, albeit, with inconsistent results.</div><div>Research questions:</div><div>What is the effect of reduced balance on walking performance in adolescent boys and girls under cognitive-motor interference conditions?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study assessed motor competence, in adolescents aged 13–14 years, using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd edition and walking performance from gait parameters derived from an inertial measurement unit placed over the estimated centre of mass. Each participant performed two 10 m straight-line walks at their self-selected speed. These consisted of a walk with no distractions and a cognitive-motor interference walk (reciting the alternate letters of the alphabet out loud). A two-way mixed ANOVA was used to assess for significant interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>365 adolescents, (low balance = 58, typical balance = 307) participated in this study (boys = 204, girls = 161). Significant interactions were reported between MC groups and walking condition for walking speed in boys (<em>F</em><sub>(1,195)</sub> = 5.23, <em>p</em>= 0.02, η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.03) and girls (<em>F</em><sub>(1,154)</sub> = 4.05, <em>p</em>= 0.046, η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.03). Both sexes with low balance reduced their walking speed to a greater extent than their typically developed peers under cognitive-motor interference conditions compared to the single-task walk. In addition, boys with low balance reported increased stride length variability (<em>F</em><sub>(1,198)</sub>= 4.40, <em>p</em>= 0.037, η<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup>= 0.02) compared to typically developed peers.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Adolescents with low balance report altered walking. Our data could support a better understanding of the relationship between balance and gait and may help the development of interventions to support those with difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"114 ","pages":"Pages 202-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.08.070
A. Tigrini , A. Mengarelli , F. Verdini , R. Mobarak , M. Scattolini , T. Nomura , R.A. Rabini , S. Fioretti , L. Burattini
{"title":"Approximate bayesian computation and intermittent control model of balance maintenance: an attempt to “open the box” of neuromuscular control strategy in diabetic subjects with and without neuropathy","authors":"A. Tigrini , A. Mengarelli , F. Verdini , R. Mobarak , M. Scattolini , T. Nomura , R.A. Rabini , S. Fioretti , L. Burattini","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.08.070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.08.070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"114 ","pages":"Pages S42-S43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}