Gait & posture最新文献_第5页

Intra- and interobserver reliability of femoral torsion measurement using ultrasound with inertial sensor in children aged 7–9 years 7-9岁儿童超声与惯性传感器股骨扭转测量的观察者内部和观察者之间的可靠性

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110046

Xavier Ruiz-Tarrazo , Andrea Coda , Carla Sánchez-Dueñas , Salomé Tárrega , Carles Escalona-Marfil

Background

Accurate assessment of femoral torsion in children is crucial for diagnosing and managing musculoskeletal conditions. Ultrasonography offers a non-invasive, cost-effective alternative to traditional imaging, but its reliability and validity remain underexplored.

Purpose

To evaluate the reliability of two ultrasonography-based methods—single- and dual-reference—for measuring femoral torsion in children aged 7–9 years, using an inertial sensor attached to the transducer. Additionally, the study examined inter-method differences, assessed biomechanical consistency via correlation with hip rotation, and evaluated children’s satisfaction with the procedure.

Materials and methods

A prospective study was conducted with 20 children (40 femora) between November 2023 and December 2024. The single-reference method assessed the proximal femur; the dual-reference also included the femoral condyles. Intra-observer reliability was tested with repeated measurements two weeks apart; inter-observer reliability was assessed between two independent raters. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Spearman’s rho were used to evaluate reliability. Satisfaction was assessed via a five-level Faces Scale.

Results

Both the single-reference and dual-reference methods demonstrated excellent reliability, with intra-observer ICC_(2,1) values of 0.962 and 0.952, and inter-observer values of 0.915 and 0.914, respectively. The single-reference method consistently produced higher torsion values (mean differences: 9.21° and 8.45°), though results were strongly correlated. Correlations with hip rotation ranged from ρ = 0.666 to −0.676 (P < .001). Satisfaction was high: 95 % reported no or mild discomfort, 90 % found the procedure comfortable, and 75 % were willing to repeat it.

Conclusion

Ultrasonography combined with inertial sensors provides a reliable, non-invasive method for assessing femoral torsion in children, with good clinical feasibility and high acceptance.

背景：准确评估儿童股扭转对诊断和治疗肌肉骨骼疾病至关重要。超声检查提供了一种非侵入性的、低成本的传统影像学替代方法，但其可靠性和有效性仍有待进一步研究。目的评价单参考和双参考超声测量7-9岁儿童股骨扭力的可靠性，采用惯性传感器连接换能器。此外，该研究还检查了方法间的差异，通过与髋关节旋转的相关性评估了生物力学一致性，并评估了儿童对手术的满意度。材料与方法于2023年11月至2024年12月对20名儿童（40股骨）进行前瞻性研究。单参考法评估股骨近端；双参考还包括股骨髁。通过间隔两周的重复测量来测试观察者内部的信度；在两个独立的评价者之间评估观察者间的信度。用类内相关系数（ICC）和Spearman’s rho评价信度。满意度通过五级面部量表进行评估。结果单参考和双参考方法均具有良好的信度，观察者内ICC（2,1）值分别为0.962和0.952，观察者间ICC值分别为0.915和0.914。单参考方法始终产生更高的扭转值（平均差异：9.21°和8.45°），尽管结果强烈相关。与髋关节旋转相关的ρ = 0.666至- 0.676 （P <； .001）。满意度很高：95% %报告没有或轻微不适，90% %认为手术舒适，75% %愿意重复手术。结论超声联合惯性传感器是一种可靠、无创的评估儿童股扭转的方法，具有良好的临床可行性和较高的接受度。

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引用次数: 0

Using nonlinear dynamic analysis to differentiate fall status in older women 应用非线性动态分析鉴别老年妇女跌倒状况

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110032

A. Amirpourabasi , S.E. Lamb , J.Y. Chow , G.K.R. Williams

Background

Falls are a significant health concern among older adults. Nonlinear dynamic (NLD) analysis of gait offers insight into fall risk by capturing variability and complexity, but variation in methodological approaches has limited translation. This study aimed to identify NLD measures and data sources that best differentiate fallers from non-fallers.

Methods

Thirty-four healthy older women (mean age 69.3 ± 5.7 years; 17 fallers, 17 non-fallers) walked on a treadmill at preferred and at ±20 %. Kinematic data were collected using motion capture and a lower-back inertial measurement unit (IMU). Gait complexity and stability were quantified using Multiscale Entropy and Lyapunov Exponents (LyE). Principal component analysis, logistic regression, multivariate tests, ROC curves, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identified discriminative features.

Results

Fallers reported at least one fall in the past year, walked more slowly, and had a greater chronic disease burden. Short-term LyE (SLyE) from trunk acceleration in the anterior–posterior (AP) direction and sagittal-plane ankle angles best discriminated fall status. ROC analyses showed ankle SLyE provided the highest accuracy (AUC up to 0.88), and AP trunk SLyE had moderate accuracy (AUC up to 0.77). The LDA model achieved 85 % cross-validated accuracy with 82 % sensitivity and 88 % specificity.

Conclusions

The short-term Lyapunov exponent from ankle angle sagittal-plane motion and trunk AP acceleration provide robust markers of fall history in older women. Comparable performance of IMU and motion capture supports IMU-based NLD metrics for scalable fall risk screening.

在老年人中，跌倒是一个重要的健康问题。步态的非线性动态（NLD）分析通过捕获变异性和复杂性来洞察跌倒风险，但方法方法的变化限制了翻译。本研究旨在确定NLD措施和数据来源，以最好地区分跌倒者和非跌倒者。方法34名健康老年妇女（平均年龄69.3 ± 5.7岁，其中跌倒者17例，非跌倒者17例）在跑步机上以首选和±20% %的速度行走。运动学数据通过运动捕捉和下背部惯性测量单元（IMU）收集。采用多尺度熵和Lyapunov指数（LyE）对步态复杂度和稳定性进行量化。主成分分析、logistic回归、多元检验、ROC曲线及线性判别分析（LDA）确定了判别特征。结果：在过去的一年中，跌倒者报告至少跌倒一次，走路更慢，并且有更大的慢性疾病负担。躯干前后方向加速度和踝关节矢状面角度的短期LyE （SLyE）最能区分跌倒状态。ROC分析显示踝关节SLyE准确度最高（AUC高达0.88），AP躯干SLyE准确度中等（AUC高达0.77）。LDA模型的交叉验证准确率为85 %，灵敏度为82 %，特异性为88 %。结论踝关节角矢状面运动的短期Lyapunov指数和躯干AP加速度是老年女性跌倒史的可靠指标。IMU和动作捕捉的可比性性能支持基于IMU的NLD指标，用于可扩展的跌倒风险筛查。

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引用次数: 0

Bilateral blood flow restriction of the legs worsens acute walking balance of older adults – a full factorial randomised experiment 双侧血液流动限制恶化老年人急性行走平衡-一个全因子随机实验

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110022

Brook Galna , Kieran J. Marston , Morteza Ghayomzadeh , Paul S.R. Goods , Keith D. Hill , Jeremiah J. Peiffer , Brendan R. Scott

Background

Multiple sessions of walking with blood flow restriction (BFR) of the legs can improve cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and hypertrophy in older adults. However, it is unclear whether BFR impairs walking balance acutely, potentially increasing falls risk during BFR training for this at-risk population.

Research Question

Does bilateral BFR of the legs acutely worsen walking balance of older adults?

Methods

Ten older adults (mean age: 73, SD: 3 y) walked for 10 min on a treadmill at 50 %, 60 % and 70 % of their fast walking speed, with 10 cm-wide cuffs on the proximal thigh of both legs inflated to 0 % (no cuff), 40 % or 60 % of arterial occlusion pressure. We measured four characteristics of walking balance which were selected a priori and combined into a gait quality index predictive of future falls in older adults: autocorrelation of vertical accelerations; magnitude and harmonicity of sideways accelerations; and magnitude of the dominant period of forwards accelerations.

Results

Walking balance worsened with BFR, independent of walking speed, for all outcomes except the magnitude of the dominant period of forwards accelerations, with worse balance observed with increasing cuff pressure. Compared to no BFR, gait quality declined 12 % when walking with 50 % occlusion and declined 20 % with 60 % occlusion (p < 0.001).

Significance

Our findings suggest that BFR results in poorer acute walking balance, with a dose-response relationship for cuff pressure. Supervised walking trials are warranted to further assess the safety of BFR training in community settings and whether these balance-related changes may stimulate beneficial chronic balance adaptations.

背景：在限制腿部血流（BFR）的情况下进行多次步行可以改善老年人的心血管健康、肌肉力量和肥厚。然而，目前尚不清楚BFR是否会严重损害行走平衡，这可能会增加这一高危人群在BFR训练期间跌倒的风险。研究问题：双侧BFR会严重恶化老年人的行走平衡吗？方法10名老年人（平均年龄：73岁，SD: 3 y）在跑步机上以其快走速度的50% %、60% %和70% %步行10 min，双腿大腿近端10 cm宽的绑带膨胀至0 %（无绑带）、40 %和60 %的动脉闭塞压。我们测量了行走平衡的四个特征，这些特征是先验选择的，并结合成预测老年人未来跌倒的步态质量指数：垂直加速度的自相关；横向加速度的大小和谐度；以及正向加速度的主要周期的大小。结果除了向前加速的主要周期的大小外，行走平衡随BFR而恶化，与行走速度无关，随着袖带压力的增加，行走平衡变差。与没有BFR相比，在50% %的咬合下行走时，步态质量下降了12% %，在60% %的咬合下行走时，步态质量下降了20% % （p <； 0.001）。我们的研究结果表明，BFR导致较差的急性行走平衡，与袖带压力呈剂量-反应关系。有监督的步行试验是必要的，以进一步评估BFR训练在社区环境中的安全性，以及这些与平衡相关的变化是否会刺激有益的慢性平衡适应。

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引用次数: 0

Subgrouping non-specific low back pain based on spinal marker trajectory data: An unsupervised machine learning approach 基于脊柱标记物轨迹数据的非特异性腰痛亚组：一种无监督机器学习方法。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110026

Hwa-Ik Yoo , Ui-Jae Hwang , Jong-Gook Choi , Oh-Yun Kwon

Background

Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is a heterogeneous condition. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether clinically feasible assessments can identify diverse movement patterns in individuals with LBP.

Purpose

To identify distinct movement-based subgroups among individuals with non-specific LBP using thoraco-lumbo-pelvic marker trajectories during forward bending and to compare the resulting clusters with healthy controls.

Study design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Kinematic data were collected from 127 individuals with non-specific LBP and 58 healthy controls during a forward bending task using a smartphone-based video recording system. Three markers were placed over T12, L2, and S2, and their x- and y-axis displacements were extracted using an open-source software. Unsupervised machine learning (K-means clustering) was applied to classify movement patterns within the LBP group based on six kinematic features (the horizontal and vertical displacements of the T12, L2, and S2 markers).

Results

Two clusters were identified within the LBP group: cluster 1 (large-excursion, 54 %) and cluster 2 (small-excursion, 46 %). Both clusters showed significant differences from healthy controls in marker displacement (p < 0.001). Cluster 2 reported a slightly higher pain intensity (p = 0.036), with no difference in disability scores.

Conclusions

Unsupervised clustering revealed distinct spinal movement subgroups in individuals with non-specific LBP. These findings indicate that both excessive and limited movement may relate to pain-related adaptation, supporting the need for movement-based subgrouping to guide individualized management.

背景：非特异性腰痛（LBP）是一种异质性疾病。因此，研究临床可行的评估是否可以识别下腰痛患者的不同运动模式是很重要的。目的：利用前屈时的胸-腰-盆腔标记物轨迹识别非特异性腰痛患者中不同的运动亚群，并将结果与健康对照进行比较。研究设计：横断面研究。方法：使用基于智能手机的视频记录系统收集127名非特异性LBP患者和58名健康对照者在前屈任务中的运动学数据。将三个标记放置在T12、L2和S2上，并使用开源软件提取其x轴和y轴位移。基于六个运动学特征（T12、L2和S2标记的水平和垂直位移），应用无监督机器学习（K-means聚类）对LBP组内的运动模式进行分类。结果：在LBP组中确定了两个集群：集群1（大偏移，54 %）和集群2（小偏移，46 %）。结论：无监督聚类揭示了非特异性LBP个体中不同的脊柱运动亚组。这些发现表明，过度和有限的运动都可能与疼痛相关的适应有关，支持基于运动的亚组来指导个体化管理的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation on the effects of mental fatigue on drop landing motion control in individuals with functional Ankle instability: A biomechanical perspective 从生物力学角度研究精神疲劳对功能性踝关节不稳患者落体运动控制的影响。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110027

Zilong Wang , Xiangdong Wang , Mengya Lu , Hedi Yang , Lingyu Kong , Tao Liu , Qiuxia Zhang

Objective

This study examined mental fatigue (MF)’s biomechanical effects on stable/unstable lower extremities in unilateral functional ankle instability (FAI) during single-leg landings.

Methods

Eighteen unilateral FAI individuals (9 males/9 females) met International Ankle Consortium criteria (CAIT ≤24, anterior drawer test). Kinematic/kinetic data were collected via Vicon motion capture and Kistler force plates during pre-/post-MF single-leg landings (stable/unstable sides). A 2 × 2 repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for data analysis.

Results

1) At the time of initial contact, a main effect of side was observed for hip flexion angle, with significantly smaller values on the unstable side compared to the stable side (p = 0.002). At the time of peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), a main effect of MF was identified for hip flexion angle, showing a significant reduction post-MF intervention (p = 0.012). 2) At the time of initial contact, a main effect of MF was detected for ankle plantarflexion angle, which significantly decreased after MF induction (p < 0.001). At the time of peak vGRF, a main effect of MF was observed for ankle inversion angle, with a significant reduction following MF intervention (p = 0.041). 3) The time to stabilization (TTS) was significantly prolonged after MF exposure (p = 0.036). 4) No interaction effects between MF and side were observed (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

MF impaired FAI individuals’ hip/ankle biomechanics (reduced flexion/plantarflexion/inversion, prolonged stabilization), suggesting compromised motor control and elevated reinjury risks via biomechanical overload. Absent MF-side interactions imply MF’s effects are limb-independent. Rehabilitation should address bilateral cognitive load impacts to enhance stability and injury prevention.

目的：研究精神疲劳（MF）对单侧功能性踝关节不稳定（FAI）单腿着地时稳定/不稳定下肢的生物力学影响。方法：18例单侧FAI患者（男9女9）符合国际踝关节协会标准（CAIT≤24，前抽屉试验）。在mf前/后单腿着陆（稳定/不稳定侧）期间，通过Vicon运动捕捉和Kistler力板收集运动学/动力学数据。采用2 × 2重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）进行数据分析。结果：1)初次接触时，侧位对髋屈曲角有主要影响，不稳定侧的屈曲角值明显小于稳定侧（p = 0.002）。在垂直地面反力（vGRF）达到峰值时，MF对髋屈曲角的主要影响是确定的，MF干预后髋屈曲角显著降低（p = 0.012）。2)初次接触时，MF对踝关节跖屈角有主要影响，诱导后踝关节跖屈角显著降低（p  0.05）。结论：MF损害了FAI个体的髋关节/踝关节生物力学（屈曲/跖屈曲/内翻减少，稳定时间延长），表明运动控制受损，生物力学负荷增加了再损伤风险。缺乏MF侧相互作用意味着MF的作用与肢体无关。康复应解决双侧认知负荷影响，以增强稳定性和损伤预防。

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引用次数: 0

Who takes a recovery step? Predictors of step execution after tripping in individuals with stroke 谁迈出了恢复的一步？中风患者绊倒后台阶执行的预测因子。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110031

Yuji Osada , Yosuke Kobayashi , Tomo Osuka , Sumiko Yamamoto

Background

A recovery step is a crucial balance reaction that prevents falls in individuals with stroke. However, the characteristics of this response after tripping remain unclear, particularly regarding which limb is used for stepping and the factors associated with whether a step is taken.

Research question

This study aimed to identify the factors associated with whether a recovery step was taken following a trip to support the development of effective fall prevention strategies for individuals with stroke.

Methods

A large-scale motion capture database comprising 41,943 gait trials was analyzed to identify near-falls caused by paretic toe tripping in 42 patients with subacute stroke. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of physical function, walking-aid use, and near-fall velocity during tripping on step execution.

Results

Recovery steps were observed in 48 % of the participants, and 95 % of these steps were initiated with the non-paretic limb. The key factors associated with the occurrence of recovery steps included right-sided hemiparesis (p = 0.085), nonuse of a cane (p = 0.028), and higher fall velocity (p = 0.007). The full logistic regression model demonstrated good predictive ability, with an area under the curve of 0.850.

Conclusions

Individuals with stroke predominantly rely on the non-paretic limb for recovery stepping. The side of hemiparesis, cane use, and near-fall velocity were identified as key factors associated with step occurrence. These findings support the facilitation of recovery stepping through individualized training with rapid disturbances during independent walking in individuals with stroke.

背景：恢复步骤是防止中风患者跌倒的关键平衡反应。然而，绊倒后这种反应的特征尚不清楚，特别是关于哪条肢体用于行走以及是否采取行动的相关因素。研究问题：本研究旨在确定与旅行后是否采取恢复步骤相关的因素，以支持中风患者有效预防跌倒策略的发展。方法：对42例亚急性脑卒中患者中41943例步态试验组成的大规模动作捕捉数据库进行分析，以确定由麻痹性脚趾绊倒引起的近跌倒。采用Logistic回归分析来检验身体功能、助行器使用和跳闸时近坠落速度对台阶执行的影响。结果：在48 %的参与者中观察到恢复步骤，其中95 %的这些步骤是由非麻痹肢体开始的。与恢复步骤发生相关的关键因素包括右侧偏瘫（p = 0.085）、不使用手杖（p = 0.028）和较高的坠落速度（p = 0.007）。全逻辑回归模型具有较好的预测能力，曲线下面积为0.850。结论：脑卒中患者主要依靠非麻痹肢体行走恢复。偏瘫的侧边、手杖的使用和接近坠落的速度被确定为与台阶发生相关的关键因素。这些发现支持通过个体化训练促进中风患者独立行走时的快速干扰。

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引用次数: 0

Coordination index – A method for the assessment of the inter-joint coordination during gait 协调指数。一种评估步态中关节间协调的方法。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110030

Małgorzata Syczewska, Ewa Szczerbik, Małgorzata Kalinowska, Anna Święcicka

Background

The gait analysis is a relatively commonly used tool for evaluating the functional deficits of various groups of patients, regardless of the origin of these deficits, but is especially common in patients with neurological deficits. One of the problems they encounter is disrupted coordination. One of the methods to asses it is cyclogram, or angle-angle plot.

Research Question

Could cyclogram index, based on cyclograms for lower limbs contribute to understanding of the disrupted coordination in neurological patients?

Methods

This paper presents the coordination index, which is based on the perimeters of four cyclograms: hip/pelvis, knee/hip and ankle/knee in the sagittal plane and hip/pelvis in the frontal plane. Data extracted from retrospective gait analyses of patients with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy, dystrophy and Guillain-Barre syndrome were used to calculate cyclograms, coordination index and gait indices: Gillette Gait Index (GGI), Gait Deviation Index (GDI) and Gait Profile Score (GPS).

Results

The main finding of this paper is the independence of the new coordination index from commonly used indices: GGI, GDI and GPS. A discriminant analysis, in which the grouping variable was the name of the disease, revealed that cyclogram perimeters and coordination index were statistically significant predictors.

Significance

Coordination index could be used as additional measure assessing the disrupted coordination in patients.

Conclusion

This paper shows the potential usefulness of the proposed method in clinical application, especially in the long-term changes induced by the various treatment methods.

背景：步态分析是一种相对常用的评估各种患者功能缺陷的工具，无论这些缺陷的来源如何，但在神经功能缺陷患者中尤其常见。他们遇到的问题之一是协调中断。评估它的方法之一是环图，或角-角图。研究问题：基于下肢环图的环图指数是否有助于了解神经系统患者的协调性紊乱？方法：提出以矢状面髋/骨盆、膝关节/髋关节、踝关节/膝关节、额面髋/骨盆四个环的周长为基础的协调性指数。采用痉挛性双瘫脑瘫、营养不良和格林-巴利综合征患者回顾性步态分析数据，计算环图、协调指数和步态指标：吉列步态指数（GGI）、步态偏差指数（GDI）和步态轮廓评分（GPS）。结果：本文的主要发现是新的协调指标与常用指标GGI、GDI和GPS的独立性。以疾病名称为分组变量的判别分析显示，环图周长和配位指数是具有统计学意义的预测因子。意义：协调指数可作为评价患者协调障碍的附加指标。结论：所提出的方法在临床应用中具有潜在的实用性，特别是在各种治疗方法引起的长期变化中。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110024

Seok-Hyun Song

Objective

This study aimed to examine the interaction between visual search and postural control in young and older adults during a standing posture task while performing a Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) task.

Methods

The study participants consisted of 30 individuals, divided into two groups: the young adult group (n = 15) and the older adult group (n = 15). Participants performed the MOT task while maintaining a single-leg stance, during which gaze entropy and Center of Pressure (COP) displacement were measured to analyze differences in visual search strategies and postural control.

Results

The results indicated that gaze entropy was modulated by the number of targets in the MOT task. Young adults reduced gaze entropy when tracking two targets by utilizing a visual pivot to simultaneously track both targets but exhibited increased gaze entropy when tracking three targets. In contrast, the older group demonstrated a tendency for reduced gaze entropy as task difficulty increased, suggesting a strategic shift toward maintaining postural stability over active visual search. COP analysis revealed that the older group exhibited greater COP displacement compared to young adults, reflecting age-related differences in postural control. Additionally, under increased cognitive load, the older group experienced greater difficulty in maintaining postural stability, supporting the notion of limited attentional resource allocation.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that as task demands increase, older individuals prioritize postural stability over visual search. Future research should further explore the relationship between visual search and postural control across diverse contexts.

目的：本研究旨在探讨年轻人和老年人在执行多目标跟踪（MOT）任务时站立姿势任务中视觉搜索和姿势控制之间的相互作用。方法：研究对象共30人，分为两组：青壮年组（n = 15）和老年人组（n = 15）。参与者在保持单腿站立的情况下完成MOT任务，在此期间测量凝视熵和压力中心（COP）位移，以分析视觉搜索策略和姿势控制的差异。结果：注视熵受MOT任务中目标数量的调节。年轻人利用视觉枢轴同时跟踪两个目标时，注视熵降低，而同时跟踪三个目标时，注视熵增加。相比之下，随着任务难度的增加，老年人的注视熵有减少的趋势，这表明他们的策略转向了保持姿势的稳定性，而不是主动的视觉搜索。COP分析显示，与年轻人相比，老年组表现出更大的COP位移，反映了与年龄相关的姿势控制差异。此外，在认知负荷增加的情况下，老年人在保持姿势稳定性方面经历了更大的困难，这支持了注意力资源分配有限的概念。结论：这些发现表明，随着任务要求的增加，老年人优先考虑姿势稳定性而不是视觉搜索。未来的研究应进一步探讨不同情境下视觉搜索与姿势控制之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of running technique characteristics on the patellofemoral joint load: A systematic review and meta-analysis 跑步技术特征对髌股关节负荷的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110025

Shiqi Yu , Peng Yuan , Yilin Xu , Yuwen Shangguan , Xuefeng Wang , Zhongmei Wang , Mingze Zhuang , Yawei Song

Background

Recent studies have shown that gait retraining can significantly affect the biomechanical load on the patellofemoral joint. It is of great significance to understand the effects of these running technique characteristics on patellofemoral joint load for developing effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies for injury.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted on the relevant studies from PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI, and Wanfang database, and the data were synthesized. Data including patellofemoral joint contact force (PFCF) and patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS) were extracted and pooled for analysis.

Results

A total of 2102 studies were retrieved, and 32 studies were finally included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to subgroup analysis results, some running technique characteristics notably decreased PFCF (SMD = − 0.60; 95 % CI: − 0.71, − 0.49; z = 10.98, p = 0.000), including forefoot strike (FFS), decreased step length, increased step rate, decreased speed, trunk forward lean, backward running, and running softer; whereas some characteristics significantly increased PFCF (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: 0.29, 0.62; z = 5.47, p = 0.000), including increased step length, decreased step rate, increased speed, and trunk backward lean. Additionally, some characteristics remarkably decreased PFJS (SMD = − 0.59; 95 % CI: − 0.72, − 0.47; z = 9.02, p = 0.000), including FFS, decreased step length, increased step rate, decreased speed, and trunk forward lean; whereas some characteristics significantly increased PFJS (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.24, 0.62; z = 4.39, p = 0.000), such as increased step length, decreased step rate, and trunk backward lean.

Conclusion

Some specific running technique characteristics can significantly influence patellofemoral joint load. Technique characteristics, such as FFS, decreased step length, increased step rate, decreased speed, trunk forward lean, backward running, and running softer, can effectively decrease the load. Conversely, increased step length, decreased step rate, increased speed, and trunk backward lean tended to increase the load.

最近的研究表明，步态再训练可以显著影响髌股关节的生物力学负荷。了解这些跑步技术特点对髌股关节负荷的影响，对于制定有效的损伤预防和康复策略具有重要意义。方法对PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO、中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据库的相关研究进行系统综述，并对数据进行综合分析。提取髌骨股骨关节接触力（PFCF）和髌骨股骨关节应力（PFJS）数据进行汇总分析。结果共检索到2102篇研究，应用纳入和排除标准，最终纳入32篇研究。亚组分析结果显示，一些跑步技术特征显著降低了PFCF (SMD =−0.60;95 % CI:−0.71,−0.49;z = 10.98,p = 0.000)，包括前掌着地（FFS）、步长减少、步速增加、速度降低、躯干前倾、后跑、跑软；而一些特征显著增加了PFCF (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: 0.29, 0.62; z = 5.47,p = 0.000)，包括步长增加，步速降低，速度增加，躯干向后倾斜。此外，一些特征显著降低了PFJS (SMD = - 0.59; 95 % CI: - 0.72, - 0.47; z = 9.02,p = 0.000)，包括FFS、步长减少、步率增加、速度降低和躯干前倾；而一些特征显著增加了PFJS (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.24, 0.62; z = 4.39,p = 0.000)，如步长增加，步速减少，躯干向后倾斜。结论某些特定的跑步技术特点对髌股关节负荷有显著影响。FFS、缩短步长、提高步速、降低速度、躯干前倾、后跑、跑软等技术特点，可以有效减轻负荷。相反，增加步长、降低步速、增加速度和躯干向后倾斜倾向于增加负荷。

{"title":"Effects of running technique characteristics on the patellofemoral joint load: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shiqi Yu , Peng Yuan , Yilin Xu , Yuwen Shangguan , Xuefeng Wang , Zhongmei Wang , Mingze Zhuang , Yawei Song","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent studies have shown that gait retraining can significantly affect the biomechanical load on the patellofemoral joint. It is of great significance to understand the effects of these running technique characteristics on patellofemoral joint load for developing effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies for injury.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted on the relevant studies from PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, CNKI, and Wanfang database, and the data were synthesized. Data including patellofemoral joint contact force (PFCF) and patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS) were extracted and pooled for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2102 studies were retrieved, and 32 studies were finally included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to subgroup analysis results, some running technique characteristics notably decreased PFCF (SMD = − 0.60; 95 % CI: − 0.71, − 0.49; z = 10.98, <em>p</em> = 0.000), including forefoot strike (FFS), decreased step length, increased step rate, decreased speed, trunk forward lean, backward running, and running softer; whereas some characteristics significantly increased PFCF (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: 0.29, 0.62; z = 5.47, <em>p</em> = 0.000), including increased step length, decreased step rate, increased speed, and trunk backward lean. Additionally, some characteristics remarkably decreased PFJS (SMD = − 0.59; 95 % CI: − 0.72, − 0.47; z = 9.02, <em>p</em> = 0.000), including FFS, decreased step length, increased step rate, decreased speed, and trunk forward lean; whereas some characteristics significantly increased PFJS (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.24, 0.62; z = 4.39, <em>p</em> = 0.000), such as increased step length, decreased step rate, and trunk backward lean.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Some specific running technique characteristics can significantly influence patellofemoral joint load. Technique characteristics, such as FFS, decreased step length, increased step rate, decreased speed, trunk forward lean, backward running, and running softer, can effectively decrease the load. Conversely, increased step length, decreased step rate, increased speed, and trunk backward lean tended to increase the load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Five-times sit-to-stand test: Exploring movement synergies and anthropometric influences 五次坐立测试：探索运动协同效应和人体测量学影响

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Gait & posture

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110028

Arunee Promsri , Peter Federolf

Background

The five-times sit-to-stand test (5TSTS) is widely used to assess functional mobility, measuring the time required for an individual to complete five consecutive sit-to-stand movements as quickly as possible.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate movement components or synergies—termed principal movements (PMs)—underlying 5TSTS performance and to examine how anthropometric characteristics and 5TSTS completion time relate to the composition and neuromuscular control of these PMs.

Methods

Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to three-dimensional position data from 50 young adults (median age 24 [21–26] years) performing the 5TSTS. PM composition was quantified from principal positions, while the neuromuscular control was assessed from principal accelerations.

Results

Anthropometric characteristics significantly influenced the composition of specific PMs. Greater body weight (p = 0.005) and height (p = 0.002) were positively correlated with PM₁ (sit-to-stand transition) but negatively correlated with PM₂ (trunk extension, p = 0.006 for weight, p = 0.001 for height) and PM₄ (anterior body sliding on the chair, p = 0.024 for weight, p = 0.007 for height). Shorter 5TSTS times were associated with higher acceleration magnitudes across PM₁–PM₄ (all p < 0.001), reflecting greater neuromuscular output and more dynamic postural control.

Conclusion

Body size strongly shapes the composition of movement synergies during 5TSTS, underscoring the importance of anthropometric factors in functional mobility assessments. Furthermore, 5TSTS time reflects the neuromuscular control of movement synergies and may serve as a clinically meaningful indicator of neuromuscular control, dynamic stability, and functional performance.

五次坐立测试（5TSTS）被广泛用于评估功能活动能力，测量个体尽可能快地完成连续五次坐立动作所需的时间。本研究旨在探讨5TSTS表现背后的运动成分或协同作用，即主要运动（PMs），并研究人体测量特征和5TSTS完成时间与这些运动成分和神经肌肉控制的关系。方法采用主成分分析（PCA）对50例进行5TSTS的年轻成人（中位年龄24岁[21-26]岁）的三维位置数据进行分析。PM成分从主位置量化，而神经肌肉控制从主加速度评估。结果人体计量学特征显著影响特异性pmms的组成。更大的体重(p = 0.005)和高度(0.002 p = )呈正相关,与PM1 (sit-to-stand产品化)但与PM2负相关(树干扩展,p = 0.006 体重,0.001 p = 高度)和PM4(前身体在椅子上滑动,p = 0.024 体重,0.007 p = 高度)。更短的5TSTS时间与更高的PM1-PM4加速度大小相关（均p <； 0.001），反映出更大的神经肌肉输出和更动态的姿势控制。结论在5TSTS中，身体尺寸对运动协同作用的组成有很大影响，强调了人体测量因素在功能活动能力评估中的重要性。此外，5TSTS时间反映了神经肌肉对运动协同的控制，可以作为神经肌肉控制、动态稳定性和功能表现的临床有意义的指标。

{"title":"Five-times sit-to-stand test: Exploring movement synergies and anthropometric influences","authors":"Arunee Promsri , Peter Federolf","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.110028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The five-times sit-to-stand test (5TSTS) is widely used to assess functional mobility, measuring the time required for an individual to complete five consecutive sit-to-stand movements as quickly as possible.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate movement components or synergies—termed principal movements (PMs)—underlying 5TSTS performance and to examine how anthropometric characteristics and 5TSTS completion time relate to the composition and neuromuscular control of these PMs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to three-dimensional position data from 50 young adults (median age 24 [21–26] years) performing the 5TSTS. PM composition was quantified from principal positions, while the neuromuscular control was assessed from principal accelerations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Anthropometric characteristics significantly influenced the composition of specific PMs. Greater body weight (<em>p</em> = 0.005) and height (<em>p</em> = 0.002) were positively correlated with PM<sub>1</sub> (sit-to-stand transition) but negatively correlated with PM<sub>2</sub> (trunk extension, <em>p</em> = 0.006 for weight, <em>p</em> = 0.001 for height) and PM<sub>4</sub> (anterior body sliding on the chair, <em>p</em> = 0.024 for weight, <em>p</em> = 0.007 for height). Shorter 5TSTS times were associated with higher acceleration magnitudes across PM<sub>1</sub>–PM<sub>4</sub> (all <em>p</em> < 0.001), reflecting greater neuromuscular output and more dynamic postural control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Body size strongly shapes the composition of movement synergies during 5TSTS, underscoring the importance of anthropometric factors in functional mobility assessments. Furthermore, 5TSTS time reflects the neuromuscular control of movement synergies and may serve as a clinically meaningful indicator of neuromuscular control, dynamic stability, and functional performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 110028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145428918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0