Frontiers in Public Health最新文献

Background: The physical activity of the old people is affected by many factors, and the economic situation is an important factor affecting the physical activity. However, the relationship between economic autonomy and physical activity patterns among older adult Chinese has not been fully studied.

Objective: To investigate the association between different types of economic autonomy and physical activity patterns among Chinese older adults aged 60 and above.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 1,961 participants from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Economic autonomy was categorized into autonomous and non-autonomous groups. Physical activity was assessed through type, frequency, duration, and purpose, using validated questionnaires.

Results: Economic autonomy showed positive associations with low and moderate-intensity physical activities (p < 0.05). However, economically non-autonomous individuals demonstrated higher participation in high-intensity physical activities, primarily due to work-related demands (78.7%). The frequency of physical activity was significantly different among economic autonomy groups (p < 0.01).

COVID-19 has fundamentally altered the world, significantly affecting people's health and quality of life. These changes may have impacted young adults' physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). This study aims to explore lifestyle changes among young adults, particularly focusing on the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and life satisfaction before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this, we analyzed two surveys carried out in 2018 and 2024. A total of 799 participants were recruited for this age group, with 279 in 2018 and 520 in 2024. We employed T-tests, Pearson's Chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney tests, and ordinal linear regression to uncover associations between physical activity and sitting time across the two periods, alongside various socio-demographic factors and predictors of life satisfaction. Our results reveal notable trends and changes in physical activity levels and sitting times among young adults in Hungary between 2018 and 2024. The most striking changes occurred in IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) categorical scores, indicating a shift in activity levels across several demographic groups. The level of physical activity increased for both male and female respondents, residents of county seats and cities, as well as those living in relationships. In 2018, young Hungarian adults who maintained a balance of physical activity-including cycling, some home-based physical work, and limited sitting time-tended to report higher life satisfaction. In 2024, an interesting pattern emerged regarding leisure activities: individuals who engaged in very hard exercise during their free time reported varying levels of life satisfaction. Those who never engaged in very hard exercise or did so only once a week reported lower satisfaction compared to those who exercised daily. This finding aligns with existing research on the mental health benefits of regular intense physical activity. Furthermore, individuals whose physical activity was primarily work-related reported significantly lower life satisfaction compared to those whose physical activity was primarily leisure-related. This suggests that the context of physical activity is crucial in determining its impact on life satisfaction.

Background: Domestic violence is a public health concern, impacting the health and well-being of women and children globally. Shelter homes are one of the support services for victims' recovery, although providing holistic healthcare in this setting remains a struggle. Feel-Own-Move® (FOM) is an evidence-based psychomotor intervention designed to help women who have experienced domestic violence reconnect with their bodies. Hybrid FOM (H-FOM) is a version of FOM that combines in-person with online sessions for both women and children living in shelter homes. To examine the effectiveness and implementation success of H-FOM are the aims of this study.

Methods: This protocol details an effectiveness-implementation type I hybrid study, to be carried out in shelter homes across three European countries. Health outcomes of the participants, and the implementation success within professionals from the shelter homes and the psychomotor therapists responsible for implementing H-FOM will be assessed. Results will be analyzed through a mixed methods approach, following the conceptual model of implementation science and the RE-AIM framework.

Discussion: This effectiveness-implementation study is expected to contribute to understanding H-FOM health-related effects on women and children survivors of violence, as well as to its sustainable implementation, up-scaling and integration into trauma support services and associated healthcare policy. H-FOM is expected to (i) improve the known effects of FOM on women survivors of DV, while ensuring continuity of the therapeutic process following relocation, and promoting the health and well-being of children living in the shelter homes.

Background: Occupational burnout is prevalent among doctors and nurses. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of ICU doctors and nurses regarding occupational burnout.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2023 and June 2024 at the Zhejiang Medical & Health Group Hangzhou Hospital in Zhejiang Province. Demographic information and KAP scores were collected through distributed questionnaires. Occupational burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS).

Results: This study included 105 doctors and 165 nurses, with an average age of 32.23 ± 7.38 years. Among all the participants, 6 (2.22%) reported no occupational burnout, 230 (85.19%) experienced moderate occupational burnout, and 34 (12.59%) reported severe occupational burnout. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 9.64 ± 4.21 (possible range: 0-18), 29.01 ± 3.15 (possible range: 7-35), and 16.96 ± 4.29 (possible range: 6-30), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that a higher knowledge score was independently associated with more proactive practice (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: [1.18, 1.50], p < 0.001). Structural equation modeling showed that knowledge positively influenced both (β = 0.33, p < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.37, p < 0.001), while practice negatively impacted the MBI-GS (β = -0.92, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Most ICU doctors and nurses exhibited moderate occupational burnout, with insufficient knowledge, positive attitude, and moderate practice toward occupational burnout. Implementing strategies to increase knowledge and promote active practical engagement is essential to effectively mitigate occupational burnout among ICU staff.

Background: COVID-19 has worsened burnout, marked by exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy. In Lebanon, economic collapse, political instability, the Beirut Port explosion, and social unrest have compounded this, with limited gender-specific data. This study evaluates burnout levels in Lebanese women and men during COVID-19, exploring gender differences and related factors, including burnout mitigation strategies.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey included 423 adult participants aged 18 or older from Lebanon, recruited via online snowball sampling during July 2021 to August 2022. Utilizing the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), participants reported exhaustion (≥ 12), cynicism (≥ 11), and low professional efficacy (≤ 21). Burnout was defined as exhaustion with either cynicism or low efficacy. The survey gathered demographic, family, and professional data, stressors, and burnout mitigation strategies. Analyses were gender-stratified, using descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-squared test. Bivariate associations between burnout indicators and sample characteristics were tested using Pearson's chi-square. Odds ratios (OR) and adjusted ORs for burnout were estimated via logistic regressions.

Results: Lebanese women experienced higher rates of burnout compared to men during the pandemic, with significant differences observed in emotional exhaustion (p = 0.006). Factors associated with burnout varied between genders, with women more likely to exhibit exhaustion when residing in the Beqaa, Mount or North Lebanon governorates, being single, having children aged 10-15 years, and most interestingly when lacking support from their boss/institution. Stressors such as the Lebanese economic crisis and the Beirut Port Explosion were significantly linked to burnout in both genders, with the economic crisis particularly associated with higher levels of exhaustion in men (p = 0.011) and cynicism in both genders (p = 0.001 for men, p = 0.039 for women). Coping strategies, including COVID-19 precautions, social activities, and religious practices, were effective in reducing burnout among both women and men who experienced burnout (p = 0.039 and 0.03, respectively).

Conclusion: The study contributes to public health efforts, emphasizing the importance of recognizing gender dimensions in addressing burnout during the pandemic, designing targeted interventions and fostering supportive, inclusive environments for collective resilience namely for women at the workplace.

Despite the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in reducing mortality and illness severity, racial inequities in vaccination uptake persist. Among individuals with rheumatologic conditions who are often immunocompromised, the impact of disparities in preventive care threatens to widen existing inequities in adverse outcomes related to COVID-19 infection. There exists an urgent need to develop interventions that reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and promote vaccine uptake. We leveraged long-standing community-academic partnerships in two cities to develop a curriculum that will be part of an intervention to decrease COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy within Black communities. We describe the collaborative efforts that resulted in the creation of two interactive virtual curricula with similar core content but different theoretical lenses. One lens uses a racial justice approach to acknowledge the effects of historical and current structural racism on vaccine hesitancy, the other utilizes a traditional biomedical lens. In a future trial, we will compare the efficacy of these curricula to empower Black individuals identified as Popular Opinion Leaders (POLs), or trusted community members with large social networks, to disseminate health information to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Strategies to reduce racial inequities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake must begin with accurately identifying and empathetically acknowledging the root causes of vaccine hesitancy, as well as addressing nuanced concerns that drive vaccine avoidance among Black individuals. Community engagement and collaboration are central in creating interventions to develop and test culturally relevant strategies, as observed with our curricula, that bridge scientific efforts with community concerns and practices.

Aim: China is one of the countries with a relatively high degree of population aging in the world. Compared with other countries, China has the largest number of older adults and the fastest aging speed. In the increasingly serious situation of population aging, it has become the common desire of the whole society to actively develop sports for older adults and improve the health and quality of life of older adults. By identifying the needs of public sports services for older adults, this study ensures the sustainable improvement and meeting the needs of sports services for older adults in the future. The findings aim to improve the quality of life of older adults, enhance their physical and mental health.

Methods: Participants were from Haigang District, Changli County, and Funing District of Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, China. A total of 436 older adults who met the survey requirements were included. The socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire was used to investigate and analyze the needs of the participants for public sports services.

Results: Of the 23 quality attributes evaluated by participants, nine were "must quality," two were "one-dimensional quality," three were "attractive quality," and nine were "indifferent quality." The better values (satisfaction) ranged from 32.80 to 58.49%, and the worse values (dissatisfaction) ranged from 28.21 to 77.98%. In addition, the average ID of 23 service quality items was 2.25, and 12 attributes were above the average, which were high value-added attributes.

Conclusion: Based on Kano model, it is found that older adults have a positive attitude toward physical activities, and the demand for different dimensions of public sports services is different. This study provides a theoretical basis for the decision makers of public sports services for older adults to formulate corresponding policies, and provides a scientific basis for sports instructors to optimize the content of public sports services and meet the personalized and characteristic needs of public sports services for older adults which contributes to healthy aging.

Aims: To characterize the discourse trends and level of argumentation of girls and boys by analysing the differences in the conceptions and systems of conceptions of children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18.

Materials and methods: This is a multi-centre qualitative study in the human and social sciences, based on data collected in two different phases using two different tools: e.Photoexpression©, which deals with health in general, and Photonarration, which deals with cancer. The aim of this open, exploratory method, which uses photographs, is to gather data on the experiences and knowledge specific to each child and adolescent. The informative value of data from qualitative collection tools, combined with a mixed analysis methodology, enabled us to characterize the differences in perceptions of health determinants and cancer between girls and boys aged between 6 and 18.

Results: 4,174 productions were collected from 1,068 children aged 6 to 18, identifying 30 determinants of health and cancer. For all of these results, there were significant gender differences from a very early age: boys focused on leisure activities and physical activity, while girls took a more global view, focusing on the environment, food, emotional aspects of social relationships, hygiene, care, prevention, etc. As they got older, the focus shifted to health determinants. As we get older, we see a change in discourse trends and in the level of argumentation, with girls becoming richer and boys poorer.

Discussion and outlook: The trends in girls' and boys' discourse on what, in their view, determines health demonstrate the interest and relevance of adapting the prevention methods used as closely as possible to the conceptions of children and adolescents. The differences observed between boys and girls are a crucial lever that takes into account the specific characteristics of a population. They offer the possibility of taking more effective action, both in the context of interventions aimed at teenagers and in support of decision-making in the context of prevention policies.

Background: Esports has been defined as an organized and competitive approach to playing computer games. The esports industry has grown significantly and continues to develop in recent years. Within this period, monitoring and promoting physical exercise participation among esports players is important. The main aim of this study is to examine esports players' participation in physical exercise. Another aim is to investigate the impact of physical exercise on body appreciation among esports players.

Method: The study involved 183 esports players (age mean: 23.26; SD: 4.30; n = 42 female, n = 141 male). Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ), and the Body Appreciation Scale.

Results: The analysis revealed significant differences in total physical activity and body appreciation scores and their sub-dimensions based on income level and years of esports licensing. Demographic factors such as gender, income level, and duration of esports participation were found to have notable effects on physical activity and body appreciation.

Discussion: Male players had higher physical activity levels and body appreciation scores than females, and individuals with higher incomes reported better body appreciation. However, an increase in the duration of esports participation led to a decrease in physical activity levels and body appreciation scores. Increasing esports players' participation in physical activity and promoting physical exercise are recommended.