Exercise is a crucial strategy for diabetes management. However, the majority of patients with Type 2 diabetes seem reluctant to do physical activity. It increases the need of investigating the factors that are responsible for their non-exercising routine. This study aims to recognize the psychological and social barriers that prevent patients with diabetes mellitus to do exercise. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 275 patients with type 2 diabetes attending family medicine outpatient clinics for the last six months. The questionnaire has been designed to collect data regarding psychological and social barriers to exercise. A comparison of social and psychological barriers with general characteristics was performed. The findings of the study reveal that all the general characteristics were significantly associated with psychological and social barriers. The patients reported that lack of interest, no willpower, a feeling of depression, unaffordability, and time barriers were the most frequent barriers among social and psychological barriers to exercise.
{"title":"Barriers to Exercise among Non-Exercising Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Vinod Kumar, Chander Kumar Lohana","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n1p20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n1p20","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise is a crucial strategy for diabetes management. However, the majority of patients with Type 2 diabetes seem reluctant to do physical activity. It increases the need of investigating the factors that are responsible for their non-exercising routine. This study aims to recognize the psychological and social barriers that prevent patients with diabetes mellitus to do exercise. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 275 patients with type 2 diabetes attending family medicine outpatient clinics for the last six months. The questionnaire has been designed to collect data regarding psychological and social barriers to exercise. A comparison of social and psychological barriers with general characteristics was performed. The findings of the study reveal that all the general characteristics were significantly associated with psychological and social barriers. The patients reported that lack of interest, no willpower, a feeling of depression, unaffordability, and time barriers were the most frequent barriers among social and psychological barriers to exercise.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86873560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 14, No. 12, 2022.
《Global Journal of Health Science》，Vol. 14, No. 12, 2022。
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 14, No. 12","authors":"E. Grey","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p57","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 14, No. 12, 2022.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83928693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eale E. Kris, Nwafor S. Uchenna, Carole Metekoua, Mary P. Selvaggio, Ladi-Akinyemi Babatunde O
INTRODUCTION: Although HIV testing is a critical screening and entry point for accessing HIV treatment, HIV programs worldwide are strained by limited resources which require a practical and cost-effective strategy for screening and testing clients. Screening tools are becoming increasingly common given their presumed advantage of efficiency and cost-effectiveness in predicting and prioritizing clients who are most at risk of testing HIV positive. METHOD: This study assessed a Risk Assessment Tool (RAT) used by PEPFAR partners in Edo, Bayelsa, and Lagos states of Nigeria to determine the tool’s sensitivity and specificity for identifying HIV positivity. The assessment purposively selected the 20 most convenient health facilities. A penalized logistic regression model was also used to identify specific questions that predict True Positive. RESULT & CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the RAT used in the 3 states had poor accuracy, with a sensitivity of only 54%, meaning the RAT correctly identified 54% of the people who have HIV but failed to identify 46% of people who have HIV. The RAT’s specificity (77%) indicated that it correctly identified 77% of people who do not have HIV, but it also erroneously identified 23% of people as having HIV when they did not. The penalized logistic regression model demonstrated that clients who reported having unprotected sex in the previous 6 months accounted for 51% of those who tested positive to HIV. Likewise, those who reported having vaginal or urethral discharge accounted for 11%, while tuberculosis diagnosis or symptoms accounted for 8% of clients who tested positive to HIV. These three questions yielded the highest predictive values of clients who were likely to test positive.
{"title":"Sensitivity and Specificity of the HIV Risk Assessment Tool Used by PEPFAR Partners in Edo, Bayelsa and Lagos States, Nigeria","authors":"Eale E. Kris, Nwafor S. Uchenna, Carole Metekoua, Mary P. Selvaggio, Ladi-Akinyemi Babatunde O","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p39","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Although HIV testing is a critical screening and entry point for accessing HIV treatment, HIV programs worldwide are strained by limited resources which require a practical and cost-effective strategy for screening and testing clients. Screening tools are becoming increasingly common given their presumed advantage of efficiency and cost-effectiveness in predicting and prioritizing clients who are most at risk of testing HIV positive. \u0000 \u0000METHOD: This study assessed a Risk Assessment Tool (RAT) used by PEPFAR partners in Edo, Bayelsa, and Lagos states of Nigeria to determine the tool’s sensitivity and specificity for identifying HIV positivity. The assessment purposively selected the 20 most convenient health facilities. A penalized logistic regression model was also used to identify specific questions that predict True Positive. \u0000 \u0000RESULT & CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the RAT used in the 3 states had poor accuracy, with a sensitivity of only 54%, meaning the RAT correctly identified 54% of the people who have HIV but failed to identify 46% of people who have HIV. The RAT’s specificity (77%) indicated that it correctly identified 77% of people who do not have HIV, but it also erroneously identified 23% of people as having HIV when they did not. The penalized logistic regression model demonstrated that clients who reported having unprotected sex in the previous 6 months accounted for 51% of those who tested positive to HIV. Likewise, those who reported having vaginal or urethral discharge accounted for 11%, while tuberculosis diagnosis or symptoms accounted for 8% of clients who tested positive to HIV. These three questions yielded the highest predictive values of clients who were likely to test positive.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90189053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keresi Rokorua Bako, A. Reynolds, Dianne Sika-Paotonu, L. Signal, M. Mohammadnezhad
BACKGROUND: Individuals with type 2 diabetes play a pivotal role in their health. Enhancing the self-management of diabetes can improve blood glucose control, and quality of life, and reduce diabetes-related complications. We have identified factors influencing the self-management of type 2 diabetes to inform strategies that may be applied in the long-term management of blood glucose control. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review of recent studies published between January 2010 to December 2020 to identify the available evidence on effective self-management strategies for type 2 diabetes. The databases used for the searchers were Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. We assessed English language publications only. The screening of titles was duplicated by two researchers. We then conducted a thematic analysis of the key findings from eligible publications to identify reoccurring messages that may augment or abate self-management strategies. RESULTS: We identified 49 relevant publications involving 90,857 participants. Four key themes were identified from these publications: Individual drive, social capital, Knowledge base, and Insufficient health care. High motivation and self-efficacy enabled greater self-management. The importance of family, friends, and the health care professional was salient, as were the negative effects of stigma and labelling. Enablers to good self-management were the level of support provided and its affordability. Finally, the accessibility and adequacy of the health care services emerged as fundamental to permit diabetes self-management. CONCLUSIONS: Self-management of type 2 diabetes is an essential strategy given its global presence and impact, and the current resource constraints in health care. Individuals with type 2 diabetes should be empowered and supported to self-manage. This includes awareness raising on their role in self-health, engaging broader support networks, and the pivotal role of health care professionals to inform and support. Further research is needed into the capacity assessment of healthcare systems in diabetes medicine, targeted low-cost resources for self-management, and the financial requirements that enable self-management advice to be enacted.
{"title":"Identifying Factors Which Enhance the Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review with Thematic Analysis","authors":"Keresi Rokorua Bako, A. Reynolds, Dianne Sika-Paotonu, L. Signal, M. Mohammadnezhad","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n1p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n1p1","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals with type 2 diabetes play a pivotal role in their health. Enhancing the self-management of diabetes can improve blood glucose control, and quality of life, and reduce diabetes-related complications. We have identified factors influencing the self-management of type 2 diabetes to inform strategies that may be applied in the long-term management of blood glucose control. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review of recent studies published between January 2010 to December 2020 to identify the available evidence on effective self-management strategies for type 2 diabetes. The databases used for the searchers were Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. We assessed English language publications only. The screening of titles was duplicated by two researchers. We then conducted a thematic analysis of the key findings from eligible publications to identify reoccurring messages that may augment or abate self-management strategies. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: We identified 49 relevant publications involving 90,857 participants. Four key themes were identified from these publications: Individual drive, social capital, Knowledge base, and Insufficient health care. High motivation and self-efficacy enabled greater self-management. The importance of family, friends, and the health care professional was salient, as were the negative effects of stigma and labelling. Enablers to good self-management were the level of support provided and its affordability. Finally, the accessibility and adequacy of the health care services emerged as fundamental to permit diabetes self-management. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Self-management of type 2 diabetes is an essential strategy given its global presence and impact, and the current resource constraints in health care. Individuals with type 2 diabetes should be empowered and supported to self-manage. This includes awareness raising on their role in self-health, engaging broader support networks, and the pivotal role of health care professionals to inform and support. Further research is needed into the capacity assessment of healthcare systems in diabetes medicine, targeted low-cost resources for self-management, and the financial requirements that enable self-management advice to be enacted.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89568178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliana Delfino dos Reis, T. C. M. Feibelmann, B. P. Ferreira, M. A. Lima, Janaíne Machado Tomé, Flávia Alves Ribeiro, Beatriz Hallal Jorge Lara, M. Borges
BACKGROUND: Determine the clinical and laboratory features of Hashitoxicosis (Htx) and set standards that will help perform a differential diagnosis with Graves’Disease (GD). SUBJECTS & METHODS: we evaluated 45 patients with Htx (Hashi-group) diagnosed between January/1995 and July/2019 with autoimmune hyperthyroidism and cytology compatible with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT). The control group consisted of 51 patients with GD (Graves-group). RESULTS: clinical hyperthyroidism, free T4 (FT4), thyroid volume and need for antithyroid drugs were higher in the Graves-Group. Values of anti-thyroid antibodies and TSH were higher in the Hashi-Group. The definitive diagnostic criterion was cytology. Regarding the clinical course, 95% of the Hashi-Group had hyperthyroidism of short duration, while 84.3% of Graves-Group required radioactive iodine (RAI). CONCLUSION: hyperthyroidism due to HT was milder than that associated with GD. In most citology was able to distinguish HT from GD and predict spontaneous resolution preventing unnecessary RAI.
{"title":"Assessment of Clinical and Laboratory Limits between Hashitoxicosis and Graves’ Disease","authors":"Juliana Delfino dos Reis, T. C. M. Feibelmann, B. P. Ferreira, M. A. Lima, Janaíne Machado Tomé, Flávia Alves Ribeiro, Beatriz Hallal Jorge Lara, M. Borges","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p28","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Determine the clinical and laboratory features of Hashitoxicosis (Htx) and set standards that will help perform a differential diagnosis with Graves’Disease (GD). \u0000 \u0000SUBJECTS & METHODS: we evaluated 45 patients with Htx (Hashi-group) diagnosed between January/1995 and July/2019 with autoimmune hyperthyroidism and cytology compatible with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT). The control group consisted of 51 patients with GD (Graves-group). \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: clinical hyperthyroidism, free T4 (FT4), thyroid volume and need for antithyroid drugs were higher in the Graves-Group. Values of anti-thyroid antibodies and TSH were higher in the Hashi-Group. The definitive diagnostic criterion was cytology. Regarding the clinical course, 95% of the Hashi-Group had hyperthyroidism of short duration, while 84.3% of Graves-Group required radioactive iodine (RAI). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: hyperthyroidism due to HT was milder than that associated with GD. In most citology was able to distinguish HT from GD and predict spontaneous resolution preventing unnecessary RAI.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79280396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khairun Nisya Binti Ali Hasmi Nizarl, Ong Shi Joe, Teoh Gaik Kin, Z. Khalaf
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is an irreversible brain disorder that affects thinking, memory, reasoning, and daily functioning. According to World Health Organization (2020), there are approximately 50 million people diagnosed with AD, and nearly 60% of them are living in low- and middle-income countries. In Malaysia, the prevalence of dementia is 8.5% among older adults aged 60 and above. Listed as one of the leading causes of death in 2020, curbing AD is not only a burden to the public health system but also brings perpetual stress to the family members who often undertake the primary caregiving role. The research has indicated that adult children as AD patients' primary caregivers (adult-child caregivers) experience higher psychological burdens than other caregiver groups. This qualitative study intended to explore the experiences and coping strategies of adult children as the primary caregivers of AD patients in Malaysia. The recruitment was conducted with the assistance of the Alzheimer’s Disease Foundation Malaysia, whereby eight participants took part in the in-depth interviews. Both face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted to facilitate the full engagement of the participants in the research. Thematic analysis technique was used to analyze the data. The results showed that, at the personal level, adult children constantly felt emotional burnout, as they were overwhelmed by not knowing how to manage the stress they experienced. The findings reflected that caregiving for parents with AD involves a process that was depicted as the discovery of behavior changes, having difficulties accepting the diagnosis, making an adjustment to the role of a caregiver, and finally accepting their function and the reality of the disease. Recommendations for interventions and further research have been discussed.
{"title":"Adult Children as Caregivers: Preliminary Study on the Experiences and Coping Strategies of Adult Children as Primary Caregivers of Parents with Alzheimer’s Disease in Malaysia","authors":"Khairun Nisya Binti Ali Hasmi Nizarl, Ong Shi Joe, Teoh Gaik Kin, Z. Khalaf","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p18","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is an irreversible brain disorder that affects thinking, memory, reasoning, and daily functioning. According to World Health Organization (2020), there are approximately 50 million people diagnosed with AD, and nearly 60% of them are living in low- and middle-income countries. In Malaysia, the prevalence of dementia is 8.5% among older adults aged 60 and above. Listed as one of the leading causes of death in 2020, curbing AD is not only a burden to the public health system but also brings perpetual stress to the family members who often undertake the primary caregiving role. The research has indicated that adult children as AD patients' primary caregivers (adult-child caregivers) experience higher psychological burdens than other caregiver groups. This qualitative study intended to explore the experiences and coping strategies of adult children as the primary caregivers of AD patients in Malaysia. The recruitment was conducted with the assistance of the Alzheimer’s Disease Foundation Malaysia, whereby eight participants took part in the in-depth interviews. Both face-to-face and telephone interviews were conducted to facilitate the full engagement of the participants in the research. Thematic analysis technique was used to analyze the data. The results showed that, at the personal level, adult children constantly felt emotional burnout, as they were overwhelmed by not knowing how to manage the stress they experienced. The findings reflected that caregiving for parents with AD involves a process that was depicted as the discovery of behavior changes, having difficulties accepting the diagnosis, making an adjustment to the role of a caregiver, and finally accepting their function and the reality of the disease. Recommendations for interventions and further research have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91459496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Damiao, C. Cavaliere, Charie Carroll, David Charneco, E. Volkov
Occupational therapy assistant (OTA) supervision is an expected skill and role of entry-level occupational therapists (OTRs). The purpose of this convergent mixed-methods study is to provide occupational therapy students (OTSs) with an interactive and collaborative educational opportunity, using an OTA-perspective panel discussion to improve the learning of effective supervision and role delineation. Participants consisted of OTSs (n = 11) in a graduate master’s program and a panel of OTAs (n = 10). All participants were provided with a standard lecture on the topic of supervision, followed by a pre-test survey. Then, they participated in a guided panel discussion followed by a post-test survey. Results suggest that an OTA-perspective panel discussion can enhance the learning of supervisory roles and expectations to OTSs, beyond what was provided in the standard lecture (p = 0.007). Further data was gathered of all participants consisting of qualitative perspectives. Thematic analysis resulted in enhanced learning of role-delineation, professional perspectives, and supervisory experiences. The results of this study suggest that occupational therapy programs would benefit from similar OTA-led perspective discussions to enhance OTSs understanding of skills needed to be effective supervisors as entry-level occupational therapists.
{"title":"Using Occupational Therapy Assistant Perspectives to Teach Occupational Therapy Supervisory Roles and Expectations","authors":"John Damiao, C. Cavaliere, Charie Carroll, David Charneco, E. Volkov","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p11","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational therapy assistant (OTA) supervision is an expected skill and role of entry-level occupational therapists (OTRs). The purpose of this convergent mixed-methods study is to provide occupational therapy students (OTSs) with an interactive and collaborative educational opportunity, using an OTA-perspective panel discussion to improve the learning of effective supervision and role delineation. Participants consisted of OTSs (n = 11) in a graduate master’s program and a panel of OTAs (n = 10). All participants were provided with a standard lecture on the topic of supervision, followed by a pre-test survey. Then, they participated in a guided panel discussion followed by a post-test survey. Results suggest that an OTA-perspective panel discussion can enhance the learning of supervisory roles and expectations to OTSs, beyond what was provided in the standard lecture (p = 0.007). Further data was gathered of all participants consisting of qualitative perspectives. Thematic analysis resulted in enhanced learning of role-delineation, professional perspectives, and supervisory experiences. The results of this study suggest that occupational therapy programs would benefit from similar OTA-led perspective discussions to enhance OTSs understanding of skills needed to be effective supervisors as entry-level occupational therapists.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73169862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. C. Ezema, E. Aniwada, O. Ayemoba, U. Adekanye, Nathan AE. Okeji
INTRODUCTION: Substance use is on increase and a major public health problem contributing about 1.7 million deaths among teenagers globally. Ironically, some are socially acceptable and freely consumed during social activities. They are consumed commonly for social, religious and medicinal reasons. This study aims to assess substance use, types, reasons and its perceived effects among PLHIV in Benue State, Nigeria METHODS: The study was at Centre for Infectious Diseases Control (CIDC), 161 Nigerian Air Force Hospital, Makurdi at Benue state, Nigeria. Qualitative data was collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) among five homogeneous groups involving 40 discussants [30 and 10 health care workers]. The recorded discussions were transcribed verbatim, coded based on predetermined themes and reported. RESULTS: The commonest psychoactive substance used by People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV) for both males and females was Alcohol followed by Kola nut and Bitter Cola. Others were; cannabis, overdose dose of Rohypnol, Tramadol and diazepam; paracitamol mixed with ‘la-cassera’ soft drink and codeine in cough syrup as well as Marijuana. Major reasons for use included to increase work, sexual performance, reading time and appetite; reduce nausea, vomiting and to manage stress or boredom. They perceived most substance to be safe though few expressed their concern on the possible interaction with Antiretroviral (ARV) medications and possibility of increasing Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) effect of some drugs. This they said depends on type and dose of consumption. CONCLUSION: Substance use among PLWHIV is common. Misconceptions and poor appreciation of effect of these substance use among these clients abound. Every effort should be made to tame this menace.
{"title":"Spectrum of Substance Use, Reasons for Use and Perceived Effects on Treatment among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV) in Benue State, Nigeria; A Qualitative Study","authors":"G. C. Ezema, E. Aniwada, O. Ayemoba, U. Adekanye, Nathan AE. Okeji","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n12p1","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Substance use is on increase and a major public health problem contributing about 1.7 million deaths among teenagers globally. Ironically, some are socially acceptable and freely consumed during social activities. They are consumed commonly for social, religious and medicinal reasons. This study aims to assess substance use, types, reasons and its perceived effects among PLHIV in Benue State, Nigeria \u0000 \u0000METHODS: The study was at Centre for Infectious Diseases Control (CIDC), 161 Nigerian Air Force Hospital, Makurdi at Benue state, Nigeria. Qualitative data was collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) among five homogeneous groups involving 40 discussants [30 and 10 health care workers]. The recorded discussions were transcribed verbatim, coded based on predetermined themes and reported. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: The commonest psychoactive substance used by People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV) for both males and females was Alcohol followed by Kola nut and Bitter Cola. Others were; cannabis, overdose dose of Rohypnol, Tramadol and diazepam; paracitamol mixed with ‘la-cassera’ soft drink and codeine in cough syrup as well as Marijuana. Major reasons for use included to increase work, sexual performance, reading time and appetite; reduce nausea, vomiting and to manage stress or boredom. They perceived most substance to be safe though few expressed their concern on the possible interaction with Antiretroviral (ARV) medications and possibility of increasing Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) effect of some drugs. This they said depends on type and dose of consumption. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: Substance use among PLWHIV is common. Misconceptions and poor appreciation of effect of these substance use among these clients abound. Every effort should be made to tame this menace.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87630730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 14, No. 11, 2022.
《Global Journal of Health Science》，Vol. 14, No. 11, 2022。
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 14, No. 11","authors":"E. Grey","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n11p57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n11p57","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 14, No. 11, 2022.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80945100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Godfrey Kacholi, Asia Fadhil Msofe, Rogate Phinias Ibrahim, Mackfallen G. Anasel
INTRODUCTION: Several policies and programs have aimed to expand rates of extended postpartum family planning among women than among men in low- and middle-income countries and Tanzania is no exception. This study aimed to explore perceptions of men on postpartum family planning in extended postpartum period among men in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. METHODS: This qualitative study collected information using pretested interview guide from 28 male participants whose spouses were currently in the extended postpartum period. Participants were purposeful and conveniently enrolled in the study. The study was conducted in three primary health facilities in Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania from 22 February to 24 March 2021. RESULTS: The study found that most participants demonstrated a good understanding of postpartum family planning methods and their advantages. Male condoms were mostly preferred as their main postpartum family planning method; however, compliance with condom use was reported to be very low. Results on religious considerations and beliefs about postpartum family planning were mixed. CONCLUSION: The choice of postpartum family planning services among men is limited. Male involvement and strengthened accessibility of postpartum family planning services are key in accelerating progress in improving reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health outcomes.
{"title":"Perceptions of Postpartum Family Planning in Extended Postpartum Period among Men in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Godfrey Kacholi, Asia Fadhil Msofe, Rogate Phinias Ibrahim, Mackfallen G. Anasel","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v14n11p47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v14n11p47","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Several policies and programs have aimed to expand rates of extended postpartum family planning among women than among men in low- and middle-income countries and Tanzania is no exception. This study aimed to explore perceptions of men on postpartum family planning in extended postpartum period among men in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: This qualitative study collected information using pretested interview guide from 28 male participants whose spouses were currently in the extended postpartum period. Participants were purposeful and conveniently enrolled in the study. The study was conducted in three primary health facilities in Morogoro Municipality in Tanzania from 22 February to 24 March 2021. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: The study found that most participants demonstrated a good understanding of postpartum family planning methods and their advantages. Male condoms were mostly preferred as their main postpartum family planning method; however, compliance with condom use was reported to be very low. Results on religious considerations and beliefs about postpartum family planning were mixed. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: The choice of postpartum family planning services among men is limited. Male involvement and strengthened accessibility of postpartum family planning services are key in accelerating progress in improving reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86361760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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