INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is considered one of the most prevalent infections that may lead to many renal complications or dysfunctions. They are responsible for almost 10% of all infections in Saudi Arabia, which makes them the second most common cause of emergency department admission. Bacteria are the most common pathogens associated with UTIs. Nevertheless, UTIs caused by fungi have also been reported. Among fungal infections, Candida spp. has been identified as the primary cause of UTI-related mycoses. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of Candida species isolated from adult patients in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS & METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using data collected from patients who visited King Fahad General Hospital in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 16803 urine bacterial cultures data were collected from January 2019 to October 2021. RESULTS: Among the 4281 positive urine cultures, 92% (n = 3937) showed bacterial growth, while 8% (n = 344) exhibited fungal growth. Female patients had a slightly higher percentage of fungal-positive cases (53%, n = 181) compared to males (47%, n = 163). Among different nationalities, Saudi citizens had the highest prevalence of positive fungal samples (64%, n = 220). Most positive cases (49%, n = 167) were isolated in 2019, with a decline in subsequent years. Non-Candida albicans spp. (86.3%, n = 297) were the most common fungal species, followed by Candida albicans (13.7%, n = 47). CONCLUSION: Despite considering bacterial UTIs to be more prevalent than UTI-related mycoses, it remains crucial to accurately identify the causative agent for proper diagnosis and treatment. UTI-related mycosis caused by non-Candida albicans spp. has significantly increased compared to Candida albicans. Thus, monitoring these trends over time can provide valuable insights for developing preventive strategies and optimizing treatment approaches.
{"title":"Prevalence of Candida Species Isolates in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Madinah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"H. Eid, Y. Almutawif","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n9p27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n9p27","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is considered one of the most prevalent infections that may lead to many renal complications or dysfunctions. They are responsible for almost 10% of all infections in Saudi Arabia, which makes them the second most common cause of emergency department admission. Bacteria are the most common pathogens associated with UTIs. Nevertheless, UTIs caused by fungi have also been reported. Among fungal infections, Candida spp. has been identified as the primary cause of UTI-related mycoses. \u0000 \u0000OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of Candida species isolated from adult patients in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. \u0000 \u0000MATERIALS & METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using data collected from patients who visited King Fahad General Hospital in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 16803 urine bacterial cultures data were collected from January 2019 to October 2021. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Among the 4281 positive urine cultures, 92% (n = 3937) showed bacterial growth, while 8% (n = 344) exhibited fungal growth. Female patients had a slightly higher percentage of fungal-positive cases (53%, n = 181) compared to males (47%, n = 163). Among different nationalities, Saudi citizens had the highest prevalence of positive fungal samples (64%, n = 220). Most positive cases (49%, n = 167) were isolated in 2019, with a decline in subsequent years. Non-Candida albicans spp. (86.3%, n = 297) were the most common fungal species, followed by Candida albicans (13.7%, n = 47). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: Despite considering bacterial UTIs to be more prevalent than UTI-related mycoses, it remains crucial to accurately identify the causative agent for proper diagnosis and treatment. UTI-related mycosis caused by non-Candida albicans spp. has significantly increased compared to Candida albicans. Thus, monitoring these trends over time can provide valuable insights for developing preventive strategies and optimizing treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78740385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CONTEXT: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as ischemic heart diseases, heart failure, and stroke are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality (almost 30% of deaths) worldwide. Sociodemographic and clinical factors, such as obesity, diabetes, depressive symptoms, and physical inactivity, as factors behind the risk of CVDs. AIMS: This study aims to identify the factors behind the risk of CVDs in people with or at high risk for Knee Osteoarthritis (OA). SETTINGS & DESIGN: The baseline data (2004–2006) of a total of 4674 persons with or at high risk for knee OA aged 45–79 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). METHODS & MATERIAL: This study adopted a cross-sectional study. Baseline data (2004–2006) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were analyzed to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors behind CVDs in 4674 persons. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the data normality for continuous parameters. RESULTS: The results indicate 178 (62%) participants with age ≥65 years also had CVDs (p <.0001). Male gender had OR = 2.97 for heart attack and OR = 2.53 for heart failure making the implied probability of 33.7% and 39.5% respectively (p < 0.05). The OR and implied probability of diabetes and obesity for heart failure were 1.81 (55.2%) and 2.20 (45.5%) respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide a rationale for further investigation of those factors behind the risk of CVDs in cross-sectional studies among this population.
{"title":"Association between Cardiovascular Diseases and Knee Osteoarthritis","authors":"Abdulfattah S. Alqahtani, V. Vennu, S. Bindawas","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n9p17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n9p17","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as ischemic heart diseases, heart failure, and stroke are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality (almost 30% of deaths) worldwide. Sociodemographic and clinical factors, such as obesity, diabetes, depressive symptoms, and physical inactivity, as factors behind the risk of CVDs. \u0000 \u0000AIMS: This study aims to identify the factors behind the risk of CVDs in people with or at high risk for Knee Osteoarthritis (OA). \u0000 \u0000SETTINGS & DESIGN: The baseline data (2004–2006) of a total of 4674 persons with or at high risk for knee OA aged 45–79 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). \u0000 \u0000METHODS & MATERIAL: This study adopted a cross-sectional study. Baseline data (2004–2006) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were analyzed to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors behind CVDs in 4674 persons. \u0000 \u0000STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the data normality for continuous parameters. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: The results indicate 178 (62%) participants with age ≥65 years also had CVDs (p <.0001). Male gender had OR = 2.97 for heart attack and OR = 2.53 for heart failure making the implied probability of 33.7% and 39.5% respectively (p < 0.05). The OR and implied probability of diabetes and obesity for heart failure were 1.81 (55.2%) and 2.20 (45.5%) respectively (p<0.05). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide a rationale for further investigation of those factors behind the risk of CVDs in cross-sectional studies among this population.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74697503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 15, No. 8, 2023.
《全球健康科学杂志》，第15卷，第8期，2023年。
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 15, No. 8","authors":"E. Grey","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p62","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 15, No. 8, 2023.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74629394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuko Akagawa, H. Andoh, Mai Narita, Kaori Osawa, S. Heiney, Sachiko Makabe
When a parent raising a child develops cancer, he/she faces difficulties in continuing the parental role. For parents to face their own cancer treatment with peace of mind, supporting them in reducing challenges related to the parental role and promoting communication with their children is essential. This pilot study was designed to implement the Children’s Lives Include Moments of Bravery (CLIMB®) program for cancer parents and determine quality of life (QoL), psychological anxiety, and parents’ emotional changes/experiences. This study analyzed the changes in scores for QoL and psychological anxiety before and after participation in CLIMB®. The changes perceived by the parents were examined qualitatively and descriptively through semi-structured interviews. There were five participants (four mothers and one father). Their mean age was 48 ± 7.0 years. QoL increased from 63.4 ± 4.1 (63.0) to 69.2 ± 5.1 (70.0) points. On the subscale, emotional changes/experiences increased significantly from 16.6 ± 3.1 (16.0) to 20.4 ± 3.2 (20.0) points (p = 0.04). Psychological anxiety, measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), decreased for both state and trait anxiety (p = 0.04). After participating in CLIMB®, parents recognized their own hard work and felt less guilty about their children. In the parent-child relationship, parents and children were able to face cancer together and communicate their feelings to each other. It is essential to continue to intervene to promote communication between parents and children.
{"title":"Emotional Changes and Experiences of Parents with Cancer Following CLIMB® Program: A Pilot Study","authors":"Yuko Akagawa, H. Andoh, Mai Narita, Kaori Osawa, S. Heiney, Sachiko Makabe","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p43","url":null,"abstract":"When a parent raising a child develops cancer, he/she faces difficulties in continuing the parental role. For parents to face their own cancer treatment with peace of mind, supporting them in reducing challenges related to the parental role and promoting communication with their children is essential. This pilot study was designed to implement the Children’s Lives Include Moments of Bravery (CLIMB®) program for cancer parents and determine quality of life (QoL), psychological anxiety, and parents’ emotional changes/experiences. This study analyzed the changes in scores for QoL and psychological anxiety before and after participation in CLIMB®. The changes perceived by the parents were examined qualitatively and descriptively through semi-structured interviews. There were five participants (four mothers and one father). Their mean age was 48 ± 7.0 years. QoL increased from 63.4 ± 4.1 (63.0) to 69.2 ± 5.1 (70.0) points. On the subscale, emotional changes/experiences increased significantly from 16.6 ± 3.1 (16.0) to 20.4 ± 3.2 (20.0) points (p = 0.04). Psychological anxiety, measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), decreased for both state and trait anxiety (p = 0.04). After participating in CLIMB®, parents recognized their own hard work and felt less guilty about their children. In the parent-child relationship, parents and children were able to face cancer together and communicate their feelings to each other. It is essential to continue to intervene to promote communication between parents and children.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72816515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: The limited practical placement opportunities in mental health care often induce uncertainty among nursing students. To ameliorate this, simulation training, especially with standardized patients (SPs), is employed to promote clinical competence, allowing students to navigate the complexities associated with mental health nursing, including stigma and stereotypes. OBJECTIVE: This systematic literature review primarily aims to explore and synthesise the studies in simulation education research conducted related to the effects of SPs on clinical competence, knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate pre-registration mental health nursing students. METHODS: following the systematic literature review approach, a comprehensive search was conducted across five electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The PICO model guided the identification of search terms. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) evaluated study quality. RESULTS: Ten studies were included, all examining the impact of SP simulations on undergraduate nursing students. Of these, five evaluated confidence and anxiety levels, while two assessed competence and satisfaction. Other aspects such as motivation, preparation, knowledge, communication skills, and critical thinking were examined individually. The collective results indicate SP simulation as a potentially efficacious strategy for enhancing competencies in graduate nursing education. CONCLUSION: Across all studies, SPs in simulation methods exerted a positive influence on mental health nursing education, bolstering students' preparation for clinical practice by reducing anxiety and fostering confidence, competence, knowledge, and communication skills. However, limitations including insufficient supervision, small sample sizes, homogenous samples, and absence of control groups were present in all studies. Future research should address these issues to fortify evidence supporting the use of SPs in mental health nursing education. RECOMMENDATIONS: Further robust, experimental research with larger sample sizes and validated assessment tools is needed to corroborate these findings and explore the effects of SP simulations on a wider array of learning outcomes.
{"title":"Impact of Standardised Patient Simulation Training on Clinical Competence, Knowledge, and Attitudes in Mental Health Nursing Education","authors":"Aisha Rabie, A. Hakami","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n9p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n9p1","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The limited practical placement opportunities in mental health care often induce uncertainty among nursing students. To ameliorate this, simulation training, especially with standardized patients (SPs), is employed to promote clinical competence, allowing students to navigate the complexities associated with mental health nursing, including stigma and stereotypes. \u0000 \u0000OBJECTIVE: This systematic literature review primarily aims to explore and synthesise the studies in simulation education research conducted related to the effects of SPs on clinical competence, knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate pre-registration mental health nursing students. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: following the systematic literature review approach, a comprehensive search was conducted across five electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus. The PICO model guided the identification of search terms. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) evaluated study quality. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: Ten studies were included, all examining the impact of SP simulations on undergraduate nursing students. Of these, five evaluated confidence and anxiety levels, while two assessed competence and satisfaction. Other aspects such as motivation, preparation, knowledge, communication skills, and critical thinking were examined individually. The collective results indicate SP simulation as a potentially efficacious strategy for enhancing competencies in graduate nursing education. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: Across all studies, SPs in simulation methods exerted a positive influence on mental health nursing education, bolstering students' preparation for clinical practice by reducing anxiety and fostering confidence, competence, knowledge, and communication skills. However, limitations including insufficient supervision, small sample sizes, homogenous samples, and absence of control groups were present in all studies. Future research should address these issues to fortify evidence supporting the use of SPs in mental health nursing education. \u0000 \u0000RECOMMENDATIONS: Further robust, experimental research with larger sample sizes and validated assessment tools is needed to corroborate these findings and explore the effects of SP simulations on a wider array of learning outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"251 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79408027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVES: Health science students are at a high risk of contracting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to the likelihood of accidental exposure to contaminated blood. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge regarding HBV and HCV among Taibah University health science students. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health science students from Taibah University, Saudi Arabia, using a validated online questionnaire from 14 February 2022 to 9 July 2022. HBV and HCV knowledge levels among applied medical sciences (AMS), nursing, medicine, medical rehabilitation sciences (MRS), pharmacy, and dentistry undergraduate students were evaluated. The questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part comprised 5 demographic questions, while the second part comprised 10 questions regarding HBV and HCV infection. RESULTS: A total of 369 students participated in the survey. Knowledge levels regarding HBV and HCV were relatively low, with a mean knowledge score of 6.8 ± 1.8 (out of 10). Results revealed a positive correlation between students’ knowledge levels and year of education, with knowledge scores increasing with increases in participants’ academic year. Knowledge levels were primarily impacted by students’ disciplines. CONCLUSION: This study revealed inadequate levels of knowledge regarding HBV and HCV among health science students at Taibah University. There was a positive correlation between knowledge level and academic year. Efforts should be made to improve HBV and HCV knowledge through awareness campaigns, educational interventions, and preventive measure training.
{"title":"Knowledge Regarding Hepatitis B and C Infections among Health Science Students at Taibah University","authors":"Mustafa A. Najim","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p54","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES: Health science students are at a high risk of contracting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) due to the likelihood of accidental exposure to contaminated blood. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge regarding HBV and HCV among Taibah University health science students. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health science students from Taibah University, Saudi Arabia, using a validated online questionnaire from 14 February 2022 to 9 July 2022. HBV and HCV knowledge levels among applied medical sciences (AMS), nursing, medicine, medical rehabilitation sciences (MRS), pharmacy, and dentistry undergraduate students were evaluated. The questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part comprised 5 demographic questions, while the second part comprised 10 questions regarding HBV and HCV infection. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: A total of 369 students participated in the survey. Knowledge levels regarding HBV and HCV were relatively low, with a mean knowledge score of 6.8 ± 1.8 (out of 10). Results revealed a positive correlation between students’ knowledge levels and year of education, with knowledge scores increasing with increases in participants’ academic year. Knowledge levels were primarily impacted by students’ disciplines. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: This study revealed inadequate levels of knowledge regarding HBV and HCV among health science students at Taibah University. There was a positive correlation between knowledge level and academic year. Efforts should be made to improve HBV and HCV knowledge through awareness campaigns, educational interventions, and preventive measure training.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89021643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Damiao, A. Blair, N. Martinez, Rachel Reyes, Brenda Mahon
AIMS: Pressure injuries (PIs) are common issues that can be minimized through the use of pressure-redistributing support surfaces. Cushions that provide immersion and contour are considered the most effective for pressure relief; however, others are readily available on the market. The aim of this study is to determine how a wheelchair equipped with Comfort Tension Seating®(CTS) compares to standard sling seating, foam, and a high-end pressure redistributing contoured cushion. MATERIALS & METHODS: Pressure redistribution qualities as measured through peak pressure index (PPI) using pressure mapping technology were gathered on four different seating surfaces -standard sling seat, CTS, and two cushion types flat cross-section foam, contoured-cushion, and CTS. Twenty non-disabled participants trialed each cushion for five minutes each. The methods of this study are described and outcomes analyzed by comparing the PPI and comfort of the four cushions. RESULTS: A Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and related samples Friedman’s two-way analysis of variance by ranks (ANOVA) was calculated. The results show that there is a significant difference between each of the cushions in comfort and pressure redistribution. There was a statistically significant difference in mean PPI between the three groups in which the CTS performed better than the sling and flat cross-section foam, but not quite as good as the high-end contoured cushion (p <.001). CONCLUSION: While not as optimal as the contoured M2 foam cushion, the CTS seating surface appears to provide superior pressure-redistributing performance compared to sling and flat cross-section foam. This suggests that the CTS could be used as a support surface for many applications, except for individuals with high-level PI risk, without using tilt and recline features.
{"title":"Pressure Distribution Comparison among Standard Seating Surfaces and Strap Seating System","authors":"John Damiao, A. Blair, N. Martinez, Rachel Reyes, Brenda Mahon","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n7p35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n7p35","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: Pressure injuries (PIs) are common issues that can be minimized through the use of pressure-redistributing support surfaces. Cushions that provide immersion and contour are considered the most effective for pressure relief; however, others are readily available on the market. The aim of this study is to determine how a wheelchair equipped with Comfort Tension Seating®(CTS) compares to standard sling seating, foam, and a high-end pressure redistributing contoured cushion. \u0000 \u0000MATERIALS & METHODS: Pressure redistribution qualities as measured through peak pressure index (PPI) using pressure mapping technology were gathered on four different seating surfaces -standard sling seat, CTS, and two cushion types flat cross-section foam, contoured-cushion, and CTS. Twenty non-disabled participants trialed each cushion for five minutes each. The methods of this study are described and outcomes analyzed by comparing the PPI and comfort of the four cushions. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: A Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and related samples Friedman’s two-way analysis of variance by ranks (ANOVA) was calculated. The results show that there is a significant difference between each of the cushions in comfort and pressure redistribution. There was a statistically significant difference in mean PPI between the three groups in which the CTS performed better than the sling and flat cross-section foam, but not quite as good as the high-end contoured cushion (p <.001). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: While not as optimal as the contoured M2 foam cushion, the CTS seating surface appears to provide superior pressure-redistributing performance compared to sling and flat cross-section foam. This suggests that the CTS could be used as a support surface for many applications, except for individuals with high-level PI risk, without using tilt and recline features.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80453173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad M. Fairaq, M. Alharthi, Khadija M. Naghi, F. A. Alsumiry, Abdulrahman M. Alshalwi, Mazen Alyazeedi, Khushnoor Khan
The present study focuses on the prevalence of self-medication in dental patients’ pre-post dental consultation- a case study of Saudi Arabia. It was a descriptive study based on a structured close-ended interviewer-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic characteristics and also encompassed reasons, sources, duration, types of medicines used for self-medication, and reasons for hesitancy towards dental consultation. Respondents were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique, the data were analyzed using SPSS ver 22. Outcomes of the present study envisage that self-medication is quite prevalent among dental patients using both orthodox and traditional drugs. Results of Bivariate analysis revealed that the majority of patients were not cognizant of the specific dental ailments as revealed in pre-post diagnosis. The multivariate technique of decision trees exhibited that two groups of patients need to be focused on regarding self-medication – those who are less than 20 years of age and Non-Saudi Arabic speakers who are more than 20 years of age. The results of the present study can form the basis for framing future policies for easy accessibility of dental consultation to the populace which may result in containment of self-medication within the Saudian context.
目前的研究重点是自我药疗在牙科患者的牙科咨询前后的流行-沙特阿拉伯的一个案例研究。这是一项基于结构化封闭式访谈问卷的描述性研究。问卷包括社会人口特征，还包括原因、来源、持续时间、用于自我药疗的药物类型以及对牙科咨询犹豫不决的原因。受访者选择采用非概率方便抽样技术，数据分析使用SPSS ver 22。本研究的结果设想，自我药疗是相当普遍的牙科患者使用正统和传统药物。双变量分析的结果显示，大多数患者没有认识到具体的牙病的前，后诊断显示。多变量决策树技术显示两组患者需要关注自我药疗- 20岁以下的患者和20岁以上的非沙特阿拉伯语患者。本研究的结果可以作为制定未来政策的基础，使民众更容易获得牙科咨询，这可能导致在沙特范围内遏制自我药疗。
{"title":"Prevalence of Self-Medication in Dental Patients: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohammad M. Fairaq, M. Alharthi, Khadija M. Naghi, F. A. Alsumiry, Abdulrahman M. Alshalwi, Mazen Alyazeedi, Khushnoor Khan","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p32","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the prevalence of self-medication in dental patients’ pre-post dental consultation- a case study of Saudi Arabia. It was a descriptive study based on a structured close-ended interviewer-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic characteristics and also encompassed reasons, sources, duration, types of medicines used for self-medication, and reasons for hesitancy towards dental consultation. Respondents were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique, the data were analyzed using SPSS ver 22. Outcomes of the present study envisage that self-medication is quite prevalent among dental patients using both orthodox and traditional drugs. Results of Bivariate analysis revealed that the majority of patients were not cognizant of the specific dental ailments as revealed in pre-post diagnosis. The multivariate technique of decision trees exhibited that two groups of patients need to be focused on regarding self-medication – those who are less than 20 years of age and Non-Saudi Arabic speakers who are more than 20 years of age. The results of the present study can form the basis for framing future policies for easy accessibility of dental consultation to the populace which may result in containment of self-medication within the Saudian context.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86361186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and socio-economic determinants of energy drink (ED) consumption and related health outcomes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A self-report survey was used to collect data from 2,024 students (aged 13-20 years). Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between ED consumption, diet and health-related outcomes. RESULTS: In total, 54% of young people reported ED consumption at least once and 25.5% at least weekly. The most common (38.65%) reason for ED consumption was the enjoyable flavour. Male students reported higher ED consumption compared to females (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.46). ED consumption was associated with an unhealthy diet (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.53 to 1.87), tobacco use (OR = 5.91, 95% CI 3.47 to 10.07), poor quality sleep (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.99). Those who regularly ate breakfast were less likely to report ED consumption (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.95). CONCLUSION: More than 1 in 2 young people reported ED consumption among a sample of Riyadh-based students. Consumption was found to be associated with a poor-quality diet and negative health outcomes. Findings suggest that there is a public health need to reduce the consumption of EDs among this population.
目的:评估沙特阿拉伯利雅得能量饮料(ED)消费和相关健康结果的患病率和社会经济决定因素。方法:采用自我报告调查法，对2024名13-20岁学生进行数据收集。使用逻辑回归来确定ED消费、饮食和健康相关结局之间的关系。结果:总的来说，54%的年轻人报告至少服用一次ED, 25.5%的人至少每周服用一次ED。食用ED最常见的原因(38.65%)是其美味的味道。与女生相比，男生报告的ED摄入量更高(OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.08至1.46)。ED与不健康饮食(OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.53 ~ 1.87)、吸烟(OR = 5.91, 95% CI 3.47 ~ 10.07)、睡眠质量差(OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.47 ~ 0.99)相关。那些经常吃早餐的人报告ED的可能性较小(OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.83至0.95)。结论:在利雅得的学生样本中，超过1 / 2的年轻人报告了ED消费。研究发现，饮酒与低质量饮食和负面健康结果有关。研究结果表明，公共卫生需要减少这一人群的ed消费。
{"title":"The Socio-Economic Determinants of Energy Drink Consumption and Related Health Outcomes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Alhumud, S. Moore, Kelly Morgan","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p8","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and socio-economic determinants of energy drink (ED) consumption and related health outcomes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: A self-report survey was used to collect data from 2,024 students (aged 13-20 years). Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between ED consumption, diet and health-related outcomes. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: In total, 54% of young people reported ED consumption at least once and 25.5% at least weekly. The most common (38.65%) reason for ED consumption was the enjoyable flavour. Male students reported higher ED consumption compared to females (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.46). ED consumption was associated with an unhealthy diet (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.53 to 1.87), tobacco use (OR = 5.91, 95% CI 3.47 to 10.07), poor quality sleep (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.99). Those who regularly ate breakfast were less likely to report ED consumption (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.95). \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSION: More than 1 in 2 young people reported ED consumption among a sample of Riyadh-based students. Consumption was found to be associated with a poor-quality diet and negative health outcomes. Findings suggest that there is a public health need to reduce the consumption of EDs among this population.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82827311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, problems continue to arise in Thailand and many other countries worldwide. Therefore, each country has made various efforts to find solutions to these issues, some of which have been successful while others have not. In order to effectively address the spread of the disease, it is crucial to understand the variables that are related to the infection. The objective of this research was to study the correlation between various factors and the transmission of COVID-19. The sample group consisted of patients with respiratory system-related illnesses who received treatment at Phonthong Hospital, Phonthong District, Roi Et Province, in March 2022. The total number of participants was 597. The data collection tools included a questionnaire that met quality criteria and statistical analysis tools such as frequencies, percentages, and chi-square. The research findings revealed statistically significant correlations at the .05 level between the following factors and COVID-19 infection: age, vaccination status, and the number of vaccine doses received. On the other hand, factors such as gender, occupation, and underlying medical conditions showed no correlation with the infection.
{"title":"Study of Factors Associated with the Rate of COVID-19 Infection","authors":"Yaraporn Sungkasing, Thanut Khaopong, Napatson Borrisutsuksri, Kawinpop Jularee, Sirisopa Amornsin, Phutawan Phuseeorn","doi":"10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v15n8p1","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, problems continue to arise in Thailand and many other countries worldwide. Therefore, each country has made various efforts to find solutions to these issues, some of which have been successful while others have not. In order to effectively address the spread of the disease, it is crucial to understand the variables that are related to the infection. The objective of this research was to study the correlation between various factors and the transmission of COVID-19. The sample group consisted of patients with respiratory system-related illnesses who received treatment at Phonthong Hospital, Phonthong District, Roi Et Province, in March 2022. The total number of participants was 597. The data collection tools included a questionnaire that met quality criteria and statistical analysis tools such as frequencies, percentages, and chi-square. \u0000 \u0000The research findings revealed statistically significant correlations at the .05 level between the following factors and COVID-19 infection: age, vaccination status, and the number of vaccine doses received. On the other hand, factors such as gender, occupation, and underlying medical conditions showed no correlation with the infection.","PeriodicalId":12573,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81177437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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