Miguel Konradt Mascarenhas, Mariana G. Cademartori, Rafaela do Carmo Borges, Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Renata M. Bielemann, William Murray Thomson, Flávio Fernando Demarco
Objectives
This study investigated the prevalence and associations of xerostomia in older adults in southern Brazil.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Pelotas, Brazil, during 2014. A representative sample of the city's older adult population (60+) was selected. The dependent variable was self-reported feeling of dry mouth in the past 6 months. Covariates included socio-economic status, schooling, gender, age, tobacco and alcohol consumption, polypharmacy, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, depression, dentition status and use of removable dental prostheses. Descriptive analysis was carried out, and Poisson regression was used to obtain prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Analyses used STATA 15.1.
Results
Most of the 1451 participants were female (63.3%). The prevalence of xerostomia was 36.7% (95% CI 34.3–39.1). Adjusted analysis showed that xerostomia was significantly more common among females (PR 1.44, 95% CI 1.22–1.74), those with less schooling (PR 1.31, 95% CI 1.10–1.51), those exposed to polypharmacy (PR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.37), people with arthritis (PR 1.42, 95% CI 1.23–1.61) and those with depression symptoms (PR 1.45, 95% CI 1.23–1.70).
Conclusion
Xerostomia is common among older adults. Health workers need to pay attention to its associated factors for early identification and promotion of appropriate interventions, particularly the rational use of medicines.
目的：本研究调查了巴西南部老年人口干症的患病率及其相关性。方法：2014年在巴西佩洛塔斯进行横断面研究。选取了该市老年人口（60岁以上）的代表性样本。因变量为过去6个月内自我报告的口干感觉。协变量包括社会经济地位、学校教育、性别、年龄、烟酒消费、多种药物、高血压、糖尿病、关节炎、抑郁症、牙列状况和使用可移动义齿。进行描述性分析，使用泊松回归获得患病率和95%置信区间。分析使用STATA 15.1。结果：1451名参与者中以女性居多（63.3%）。口干的患病率为36.7% （95% CI 34.3-39.1）。调整后的分析显示，口干症在女性（PR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.22-1.74）、受教育程度较低的人群（PR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.10-1.51）、暴露于多种药物的人群（PR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05-1.37）、关节炎患者（PR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.23-1.61）和有抑郁症状的人群（PR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.23-1.70）中更为常见。结论：口干症常见于老年人。卫生工作者需要注意其相关因素，以便及早发现和促进适当的干预措施，特别是合理使用药物。
{"title":"Prevalence and Associations of Xerostomia in Older Adults in Southern Brazil","authors":"Miguel Konradt Mascarenhas, Mariana G. Cademartori, Rafaela do Carmo Borges, Maria Cristina Gonzalez, Renata M. Bielemann, William Murray Thomson, Flávio Fernando Demarco","doi":"10.1111/ger.12808","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12808","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the prevalence and associations of xerostomia in older adults in southern Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was carried out in Pelotas, Brazil, during 2014. A representative sample of the city's older adult population (60+) was selected. The dependent variable was self-reported feeling of dry mouth in the past 6 months. Covariates included socio-economic status, schooling, gender, age, tobacco and alcohol consumption, polypharmacy, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, depression, dentition status and use of removable dental prostheses. Descriptive analysis was carried out, and Poisson regression was used to obtain prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Analyses used STATA 15.1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most of the 1451 participants were female (63.3%). The prevalence of xerostomia was 36.7% (95% CI 34.3–39.1). Adjusted analysis showed that xerostomia was significantly more common among females (PR 1.44, 95% CI 1.22–1.74), those with less schooling (PR 1.31, 95% CI 1.10–1.51), those exposed to polypharmacy (PR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.37), people with arthritis (PR 1.42, 95% CI 1.23–1.61) and those with depression symptoms (PR 1.45, 95% CI 1.23–1.70).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Xerostomia is common among older adults. Health workers need to pay attention to its associated factors for early identification and promotion of appropriate interventions, particularly the rational use of medicines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"405-415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To summarise the current evidence on the involvement of dental hygienists (DHs) in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) with respect to the feasibility of integration improved oral health for residents with dementia and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Background
The oral health of RACF residents with dementia is reported to be poor. However, little is known about how DHs can be integrated into RACFs to improve oral health, particularly as part of a multidisciplinary team.
Method
A scoping review was undertaken in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method. Multiple databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles and grey literature that included a DH working in a RACF with dementia patients, or as part of a multidisciplinary team. Data were charted using a modified version of the JBI source of evidence template.
Results
Fifty-eight studies were identified for inclusion. Integration strategies were categorised as support-focused or service-focused, but there was little evaluation of their feasibility. Five key facilitators to multidisciplinary collaboration were identified: using multiple strategies; clearly defining roles; changes to existing administrative systems; fostering multidisciplinary collaboration skills; and encouraging innovation. However, no examples of collaboration within RACFs were identified.
Conclusion
There has been limited effort in multidisciplinary collaboration or integration of DHs into RACFs with some evidence that both support-focused and service-focused strategies can improve the oral health of residents with dementia.
{"title":"Integrating Dental Professionals Into Aged Care With Focus on Australia: A Scoping Review","authors":"Kelsey West, Julie Saunders, Linda Slack-Smith","doi":"10.1111/ger.12784","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12784","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To summarise the current evidence on the involvement of dental hygienists (DHs) in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) with respect to the feasibility of integration improved oral health for residents with dementia and multidisciplinary collaboration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The oral health of RACF residents with dementia is reported to be poor. However, little is known about how DHs can be integrated into RACFs to improve oral health, particularly as part of a multidisciplinary team.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review was undertaken in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method. Multiple databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles and grey literature that included a DH working in a RACF with dementia patients, or as part of a multidisciplinary team. Data were charted using a modified version of the JBI source of evidence template.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-eight studies were identified for inclusion. Integration strategies were categorised as support-focused or service-focused, but there was little evaluation of their feasibility. Five key facilitators to multidisciplinary collaboration were identified: using multiple strategies; clearly defining roles; changes to existing administrative systems; fostering multidisciplinary collaboration skills; and encouraging innovation. However, no examples of collaboration within RACFs were identified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There has been limited effort in multidisciplinary collaboration or integration of DHs into RACFs with some evidence that both support-focused and service-focused strategies can improve the oral health of residents with dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 2","pages":"147-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ger.12784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To identify different clusters of health-related behaviours and examine whether these clusters are associated with maintaining 20 or more teeth.
Background
Engaging in risky behaviours impacts tooth loss, particularly among older adults. Maintaining 20 teeth is a challenge for this age group. The co-occurrence of health-risk behaviours is common and has been linked to an increased risk of multiple chronic diseases, including tooth loss.
Material and Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of wave 7 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) was conducted. Functional dentition was self-reported as having 20 or more teeth. Four health-related behaviours (smoking, alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity) were analysed to investigate their association with functional dentition. Demographic characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity) and socioeconomic factors (education, wealth) were included as covariates. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was conducted using four dichotomised behaviour variables to identify clusters of behaviours. Logistic regression modelling was used to examine the association between clusters of health-related behaviours and functional dentition. The model was adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors.
Results
A total of 7783 participants were included. The LCA model identified three clusters: (1) risky, (2) moderate and (3) healthy. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, the odds of having a functional dentition were 1.42 higher among those in the moderate cluster (95% CI: 1.23, 1.65), and 1.70 higher among those in the healthy cluster (95% CI: 1.39, 2.09) than for participants in the risky cluster.
Conclusion
Risky behaviours tend to cluster among older adults. Engaging in multiple risky behaviours is associated with having fewer than 20 teeth. Initiatives and public health campaigns that focus on these clustering patterns, as well as the underlying factors, could benefit both oral and general health.
{"title":"Health-Related Behaviour Clusters and Functional Dentition in Older People","authors":"Fatimah Alobaidi, Ellie Heidari, Wael Sabbah","doi":"10.1111/ger.12807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12807","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify different clusters of health-related behaviours and examine whether these clusters are associated with maintaining 20 or more teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Engaging in risky behaviours impacts tooth loss, particularly among older adults. Maintaining 20 teeth is a challenge for this age group. The co-occurrence of health-risk behaviours is common and has been linked to an increased risk of multiple chronic diseases, including tooth loss.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional analysis of wave 7 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) was conducted. Functional dentition was self-reported as having 20 or more teeth. Four health-related behaviours (smoking, alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity) were analysed to investigate their association with functional dentition. Demographic characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity) and socioeconomic factors (education, wealth) were included as covariates. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was conducted using four dichotomised behaviour variables to identify clusters of behaviours. Logistic regression modelling was used to examine the association between clusters of health-related behaviours and functional dentition. The model was adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 7783 participants were included. The LCA model identified three clusters: (1) risky, (2) moderate and (3) healthy. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, the odds of having a functional dentition were 1.42 higher among those in the moderate cluster (95% CI: 1.23, 1.65), and 1.70 higher among those in the healthy cluster (95% CI: 1.39, 2.09) than for participants in the risky cluster.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Risky behaviours tend to cluster among older adults. Engaging in multiple risky behaviours is associated with having fewer than 20 teeth. Initiatives and public health campaigns that focus on these clustering patterns, as well as the underlying factors, could benefit both oral and general health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"396-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ger.12807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To evaluate various oral functions in patients with jaw defects after oral tumour surgery and to clarify factors associated with their quality of life (QoL).
Background
In patients with jaw defects, oral function and QoL are severely impaired. No studies have evaluated oral functions of patients with jaw defects and examined their relationships with QoL.
Materials and Methods
The study participants were 72 patients (mean age: 70.7 ± 10.1 years, range 48–93 years) who underwent prosthetic treatment with a removable denture to treat a jaw defect following oral tumour surgery. Masticatory performance, maximum bite force, oral dryness, tongue pressure, and tongue-lip motor function (oral diadochokinesis, /pa/, /ta/, /ka/ syllables) were evaluated after prosthetic treatment. The Japanese version of the EORTC QLQ-H&N 35 was used to assess QoL. From the QoL assessment, the “Pain”, “Swallowing”, “Sense”, “Speech”, “Social eating”, and “Social contact” scales were extracted. Multiple regression analysis was conducted using each QoL scale as the dependent variable and oral functions as explanatory variables.
Results
In the multiple regression model for “Swallowing”, the oral diadochokinesis /ta/ was a significant explanatory variable. In the model for “Sense”, tongue pressure was a significant explanatory variable. In the model for “Speech”, age was a significant explanatory variable. In the model for “Social contact”, tongue pressure was the significant explanatory variable.
Conclusion
In patients with jaw defects following oral tumour surgery, lower tongue pressure is associated with poorer QoL in a wider range of ways than other oral functions are.
{"title":"Quality of Life and Oral Function in Patients With Jaw Defects Following Oral Tumour Surgery","authors":"Takayuki Kosaka, Manami Tsuji, Momoyo Kida, Shuri Fushida, Suzuna Akema, Daisuke Hasegawa, Kazunori Ikebe","doi":"10.1111/ger.12800","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12800","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate various oral functions in patients with jaw defects after oral tumour surgery and to clarify factors associated with their quality of life (QoL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with jaw defects, oral function and QoL are severely impaired. No studies have evaluated oral functions of patients with jaw defects and examined their relationships with QoL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study participants were 72 patients (mean age: 70.7 ± 10.1 years, range 48–93 years) who underwent prosthetic treatment with a removable denture to treat a jaw defect following oral tumour surgery. Masticatory performance, maximum bite force, oral dryness, tongue pressure, and tongue-lip motor function (oral diadochokinesis, /pa/, /ta/, /ka/ syllables) were evaluated after prosthetic treatment. The Japanese version of the EORTC QLQ-H&N 35 was used to assess QoL. From the QoL assessment, the “Pain”, “Swallowing”, “Sense”, “Speech”, “Social eating”, and “Social contact” scales were extracted. Multiple regression analysis was conducted using each QoL scale as the dependent variable and oral functions as explanatory variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the multiple regression model for “Swallowing”, the oral diadochokinesis /ta/ was a significant explanatory variable. In the model for “Sense”, tongue pressure was a significant explanatory variable. In the model for “Speech”, age was a significant explanatory variable. In the model for “Social contact”, tongue pressure was the significant explanatory variable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with jaw defects following oral tumour surgery, lower tongue pressure is associated with poorer QoL in a wider range of ways than other oral functions are.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"362-370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Won Won, Seung-Yun Shin, Miji Kim, Min Jung Ko, Seongwoo Seo, Jong Seob So, Hoi-In Jung, Hong-Seop Kho, Kyung Lhi Kang, Seung-Ryong Ha, Nam-Hee Kim, Jina Lee Linton, Jeong-Hyun Kang
Objectives
This study evaluated the impact of masticatory difficulty on the development and progression of malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, and disability in community-dwelling adults, using data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.
Methods
Participants were categorised by presence of masticatory difficulty. The Fried frailty phenotype, mini-nutritional assessments, and diagnostic criteria proposed by Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia were adopted to diagnose frailty, malnutrition, and sarcopenia respectively. Physical disabilities were measured using the Korean activities of daily living (ADL) and Korean instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales.
Results
A total of, 3010 participants were initially enrolled, 2864 participants remained in the study after 2 years, reflecting a 95.1% retention compliance. At baseline, the prevalence of frailty (28.0% vs. 18.1%), malnutrition (1.5% vs. 0.8%), IADL disability (10.1% vs. 7.7%), and ADL disability (10.8% vs. 8.0%) was higher among those experiencing masticatory difficulty than in those without. After 2 years, baseline masticatory difficulty was associated with the incidence of malnutrition (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 0.99–6.90; p = 0.042) after full adjustment for confounders. However, no associations were found between baseline masticatory difficulty and the incidence of frailty, sarcopenia or physical disability over 2 years after adjustment. Additionally, masticatory difficulty did not affect the persistence or remission of malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, IADL disability, and ADL disability in individuals who already had these conditions at baseline.
Conclusion
Restoring chewing function and masticatory satisfaction improves not only oral health but also contributes to overall health and promotes healthy aging in older individuals.
{"title":"Impact of Subjective Masticatory Difficulty on Malnutrition and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults","authors":"Chang Won Won, Seung-Yun Shin, Miji Kim, Min Jung Ko, Seongwoo Seo, Jong Seob So, Hoi-In Jung, Hong-Seop Kho, Kyung Lhi Kang, Seung-Ryong Ha, Nam-Hee Kim, Jina Lee Linton, Jeong-Hyun Kang","doi":"10.1111/ger.12806","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12806","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated the impact of masticatory difficulty on the development and progression of malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, and disability in community-dwelling adults, using data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were categorised by presence of masticatory difficulty. The Fried frailty phenotype, mini-nutritional assessments, and diagnostic criteria proposed by Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia were adopted to diagnose frailty, malnutrition, and sarcopenia respectively. Physical disabilities were measured using the Korean activities of daily living (ADL) and Korean instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of, 3010 participants were initially enrolled, 2864 participants remained in the study after 2 years, reflecting a 95.1% retention compliance. At baseline, the prevalence of frailty (28.0% vs. 18.1%), malnutrition (1.5% vs. 0.8%), IADL disability (10.1% vs. 7.7%), and ADL disability (10.8% vs. 8.0%) was higher among those experiencing masticatory difficulty than in those without. After 2 years, baseline masticatory difficulty was associated with the incidence of malnutrition (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 0.99–6.90; <i>p</i> = 0.042) after full adjustment for confounders. However, no associations were found between baseline masticatory difficulty and the incidence of frailty, sarcopenia or physical disability over 2 years after adjustment. Additionally, masticatory difficulty did not affect the persistence or remission of malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, IADL disability, and ADL disability in individuals who already had these conditions at baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Restoring chewing function and masticatory satisfaction improves not only oral health but also contributes to overall health and promotes healthy aging in older individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"386-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To evaluate the changes in nutritional status, chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life in edentulous individuals who have initially been rehabilitated with immediate complete dentures (CD) which are then transformed to implant-supported overdentures (IOD) after a period of osseointegration.
Background
Compared to those with conventional dentures, individuals with IODs exhibit improved patient-reported outcomes, chewing capacity and biting force. While prior research highlights differences in nutritional markers between these groups, there is limited investigation into intra-individual changes in nutritional status, chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life during the transition from CDs to IODs.
Materials and Methods
Edentulous individuals aged 50 years or older and needing oral rehabilitation with IODs were eligible for this prospective study. The primary outcome measure was the nutritional status as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire and chewing ability questionnaire represented secondary outcome measures. These measures were assessed at baseline (T0), 3-month follow-up after application of the CD (T1), and 3- and 6-month follow-up after the CD had been transformed to IOD (T2 and T3). Statistical analyses used repeated measures ANOVA or the Friedman test for OHIP-14 and MNA scores, with logistic regression used for malnutrition risk.
Results
Thirty-five participants were included in the final analysis. MNA scores significantly worsened from the baseline to the 3-month follow-up after the application of the CD. There was no significant change in nutritional status between baseline and the IOD 3- and 6-month follow-up appointment. IODs led to significant improvements in the OHIP total score at both the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (p < 0.001, W = 0.60) with a strong effect size. Difficulty in chewing decreased significantly, affecting 91.4% of participants at baseline, which reduced to 51.4% (18/35) by the 6th month.
Conclusion
Implant-supported overdentures do not influence nutritional status, but they improve chewing ability and oral–health related quality of life in older adults.
{"title":"Nutrition, Chewing Ability and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Implant Overdentures: A Prospective Clinical Study","authors":"Ceren Küçük, Güleren Sabuncular, Ferit Bayram, Şule Aktaç, Buket Evren, Fatma Esra Güneş","doi":"10.1111/ger.12802","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12802","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the changes in nutritional status, chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life in edentulous individuals who have initially been rehabilitated with immediate complete dentures (CD) which are then transformed to implant-supported overdentures (IOD) after a period of osseointegration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to those with conventional dentures, individuals with IODs exhibit improved patient-reported outcomes, chewing capacity and biting force. While prior research highlights differences in nutritional markers between these groups, there is limited investigation into intra-individual changes in nutritional status, chewing ability and oral health-related quality of life during the transition from CDs to IODs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Edentulous individuals aged 50 years or older and needing oral rehabilitation with IODs were eligible for this prospective study. The primary outcome measure was the nutritional status as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire and chewing ability questionnaire represented secondary outcome measures. These measures were assessed at baseline (T0), 3-month follow-up after application of the CD (T1), and 3- and 6-month follow-up after the CD had been transformed to IOD (T2 and T3). Statistical analyses used repeated measures ANOVA or the Friedman test for OHIP-14 and MNA scores, with logistic regression used for malnutrition risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-five participants were included in the final analysis. MNA scores significantly worsened from the baseline to the 3-month follow-up after the application of the CD. There was no significant change in nutritional status between baseline and the IOD 3- and 6-month follow-up appointment. IODs led to significant improvements in the OHIP total score at both the 3- and 6-month follow-ups (<i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>W</i> = 0.60) with a strong effect size. Difficulty in chewing decreased significantly, affecting 91.4% of participants at baseline, which reduced to 51.4% (18/35) by the 6th month.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Implant-supported overdentures do not influence nutritional status, but they improve chewing ability and oral–health related quality of life in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"371-379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jesper Dalum, Pia Skott, Elisabet Åkesson, Emmelie Persson, Åsa Karlsson, Henrike Häbel, Åke Seiger, Anita McAllister, Kerstin Johansson, Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund
Objective
To assess the effects of oral screen training in patients with dysphagia post-stroke.
Background
Oral screen training has been identified as an effective method for improving orofacial and oropharyngeal motor functions. However, the evidence supporting a positive transfer effect on swallowing capacity post-primary stroke rehabilitation is still unclear. The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to investigate the effect of a 12-week oral screen training programme using a prefabricated oral screen, with swallowing capacity as the primary outcome.
Materials and Methods
In a randomised trial, stroke survivors with residual dysphagia post-rehabilitation were randomised into intervention group (n = 12) and control group (n = 12). The intervention group underwent 12 weeks of oral screen training. The main outcome was swallowing capacity, with lip force as a training indicator. Secondary outcomes were assessed by the Eating Assessment Tool, Masticatory performance, Nordic Orofacial Test—Screening, Life Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System.
Results
At the 3-month follow-up, the group that trained with an oral screen showed a significantly greater increase in lip force than the control group (mean lip force increase 10.2 N vs. 3.1 N; p = 0.02). There was no significant improvement in swallowing capacity (mean increase 0.7 mL/min vs. 0.8 mL/min; p = 0.43), or in any of the secondary variables in the intervention group relative to the control group.
Conclusion
The findings from this study showed that oral screen training initiated after completion of regular rehabilitation post-stroke can increase lip force. However, there was no indication of any transfer effect on swallowing capacity.
{"title":"Effect of Oral Screen Training After Stroke—A Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Jesper Dalum, Pia Skott, Elisabet Åkesson, Emmelie Persson, Åsa Karlsson, Henrike Häbel, Åke Seiger, Anita McAllister, Kerstin Johansson, Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund","doi":"10.1111/ger.12803","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12803","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the effects of oral screen training in patients with dysphagia post-stroke.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral screen training has been identified as an effective method for improving orofacial and oropharyngeal motor functions. However, the evidence supporting a positive transfer effect on swallowing capacity post-primary stroke rehabilitation is still unclear. The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to investigate the effect of a 12-week oral screen training programme using a prefabricated oral screen, with swallowing capacity as the primary outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a randomised trial, stroke survivors with residual dysphagia post-rehabilitation were randomised into intervention group (<i>n</i> = 12) and control group (<i>n</i> = 12). The intervention group underwent 12 weeks of oral screen training. The main outcome was swallowing capacity, with lip force as a training indicator. Secondary outcomes were assessed by the Eating Assessment Tool, Masticatory performance, Nordic Orofacial Test—Screening, Life Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the 3-month follow-up, the group that trained with an oral screen showed a significantly greater increase in lip force than the control group (mean lip force increase 10.2 N vs. 3.1 N; <i>p</i> = 0.02). There was no significant improvement in swallowing capacity (mean increase 0.7 mL/min vs. 0.8 mL/min; <i>p</i> = 0.43), or in any of the secondary variables in the intervention group relative to the control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings from this study showed that oral screen training initiated after completion of regular rehabilitation post-stroke can increase lip force. However, there was no indication of any transfer effect on swallowing capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinicaltrial.gov identifier: NCT03167892</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"380-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ger.12803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayaka Hori, Midori Ohta, Yasuhiro Horibe, Masahiro Ryu, Takayuki Ueda
Objective
This study aimed to examine the effects of an oral hypofunction management protocol incorporating oral function training and provision of dietary advice for 3 months on the nutritional status and oral function of older patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction.
Background
Oral hypofunction is associated with poor nutritional status, emphasising the need for management protocols incorporating provision of nutritional guidance and dietary advice. However, the efficacy of such protocols remains unclear.
Materials and Methods
This quasi-randomised controlled clinical trial included 80 patients (age ≥ 65 years) diagnosed with oral hypofunction who were divided into two groups (intervention and control). The intervention group was provided with dietary advice and instructed to perform daily oral function training. The patients' nutritional status and oral function were evaluated every 1.5 months. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were made.
Results
The intervention group exhibited a significant increase in the mean Mini Nutritional Assessment score over the study period (baseline: 25.4 ± 3.2; after 3 months: 26.3 ± 3.0), whereas no significant difference was observed in the control group (baseline: 26.4 ± 2.4; after 3 months: 26.4 ± 2.7). The mean number of symptoms of poor oral function was 4.0 ± 1.0 and 3.9 ± 0.9 at baseline and 2.8 ± 1.3 and 3.0 ± 1.3 after 3 months in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with a significant difference within the groups.
Conclusion
Management protocols incorporating provision of nutritional advice effectively improved the oral function and nutritional status of older patients with oral hypofunction.
{"title":"Efficacy of a 3-Month Oral Function Management Protocol Incorporating Provision of Dietary Advice for Older Outpatients: A Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"Ayaka Hori, Midori Ohta, Yasuhiro Horibe, Masahiro Ryu, Takayuki Ueda","doi":"10.1111/ger.12799","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12799","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to examine the effects of an oral hypofunction management protocol incorporating oral function training and provision of dietary advice for 3 months on the nutritional status and oral function of older patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral hypofunction is associated with poor nutritional status, emphasising the need for management protocols incorporating provision of nutritional guidance and dietary advice. However, the efficacy of such protocols remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This quasi-randomised controlled clinical trial included 80 patients (age ≥ 65 years) diagnosed with oral hypofunction who were divided into two groups (intervention and control). The intervention group was provided with dietary advice and instructed to perform daily oral function training. The patients' nutritional status and oral function were evaluated every 1.5 months. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were made.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intervention group exhibited a significant increase in the mean Mini Nutritional Assessment score over the study period (baseline: 25.4 ± 3.2; after 3 months: 26.3 ± 3.0), whereas no significant difference was observed in the control group (baseline: 26.4 ± 2.4; after 3 months: 26.4 ± 2.7). The mean number of symptoms of poor oral function was 4.0 ± 1.0 and 3.9 ± 0.9 at baseline and 2.8 ± 1.3 and 3.0 ± 1.3 after 3 months in the intervention and control groups, respectively, with a significant difference within the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Management protocols incorporating provision of nutritional advice effectively improved the oral function and nutritional status of older patients with oral hypofunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"351-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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