Gerodontology最新文献

{"title":"Acceptance of a Mobile Oral Healthcare Tool Among Nursing Home Caregivers: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the Technology Acceptance Model.","authors":"Enes Karamehmedovic, Elisabeth Lind Melbye","doi":"10.1111/ger.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rapid evolution of mobile healthcare technology holds promise for enhancing efficiency and care outcomes in nursing homes. However, accepting and effectively using such technologies poses challenges for caregivers, exacerbated by limited resources and various barriers. SmartJournal represents an innovative mobile healthcare application (app) designed specifically for enhancing oral healthcare in nursing home settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate factors associated with intentions to use SmartJournal, focusing on the contributions of variables within the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 85 nursing home caregivers in Norway utilising the SmartJournal app, followed by a survey assessing predictors of technology acceptance based on extended versions of the TAM framework. Factor analysis was utilised to identify and evaluate the underlying dimensions of the measured constructs and their relationships. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the factors associated with intentions for future SmartJournal usage explained by the constructs in the chosen framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TAM variables perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and image were revealed as predictors of intention for future SmartJournal usage in the present study sample. Together, these variables explained 41.8% of the variance, with perceived usefulness being the most influential factor, accounting for 19.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) as key factors associated with nursing home caregivers' intention to use SmartJournal, providing insights for future implementation of the tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Training Modules for Geriatric Oral Care in a Residential Aged Care Facility: A Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Kuei-Hsiang Huang, Pei-Chen Lin, Hsiu-Fen Hsieh, Yi-Ching Lin, Hsiao-Lin Huang, Shu-Fen Wung, Pei-Chao Lin","doi":"10.1111/ger.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) geriatric oral care modules with traditional teaching methods for training nurses, nursing assistants (NAs), and residents in a residential aged care facility (RACF).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>VR/AR geriatric oral care modules have been used to enhance the knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of nursing students and NAs regarding geriatric oral health.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study employed a quasi-experimental design. The experimental group, consisting of nurses and NAs, received training through VR/AR geriatric oral care modules, whereas the control group attended a traditional 2-h lecture on oral care. The effectiveness of the training in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy related to geriatric oral care among nurses and NAs was analysed using generalised estimating equations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three months after the training, the oral care attitude scores of the nurses and NAs in the experimental group (26.0 ± 1.3) were significantly higher than those in the control group (23.5 ± 2.4, β = -3.7). The two training methods showed similar effects on knowledge and self-efficacy immediately after the training and 3 months later. However, no improvement in oral function was observed in residents of either group at the three-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Training with VR/AR modules for geriatric oral care can significantly enhance the attitudes of nurses and NAs 3 months after training in an RACF. It is recommended that such training be conducted regularly for nurses and NAs to further evaluate its effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth Loss, Denture Use and Malnutrition in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)","authors":"Xiaowen Ma,&nbsp;Huiwen Zeng,&nbsp;Yajin Li,&nbsp;Yue Yang","doi":"10.1111/ger.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the associations among tooth loss, denture use and malnutrition in Chinese older adults, and to identify malnutrition risk factors by dentition status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malnutrition affects 7.7% of older adults in China and is associated with tooth loss, which impairs chewing. Dentures are commonly used to mitigate this, but their influence on malnutrition remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional analysis of 13,234 individuals aged 60 and older from the 8th wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was conducted. Data on tooth loss, denture use, malnutrition and socio-demographic factors were collected. Modified Poisson regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios (PRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malnutrition was more common among partially dentate older women without dentures (APR 1.75, 95% CI 1.29–2.37), and those with edentulism, both with dentures (APR 1.61, 95% CI 1.18–2.20) and without dentures (APR 1.93, 95% CI 1.41–2.64). Denture use was associated with a lower malnutrition risk in partially dentate (APR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.91) and edentulous older adults (APR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70–0.80).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Denture use is associated with a lower malnutrition risk, especially in women, though it may not fully restore nutritional status. Strategies to prevent tooth loss and promote denture use are vital for reducing malnutrition in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 4","pages":"611-619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Self-Administered Tongue Exercises on Tongue Strength and Endurance in Older Adults","authors":"Thunchanok Suppapatpong,&nbsp;Atiphan Pimkhaokham,&nbsp;Boosana Kaboosaya","doi":"10.1111/ger.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-administered tongue exercises (TEs) are proposed as an effective, low-cost and convenient intervention for improving maximum tongue strength and endurance. However, age-related factors make self-administered TEs more challenging for older individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of self-administered TEs on maximum tongue strength and endurance in older individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-two healthy volunteers, both young and older groups, were randomly allocated to three self-administered TE groups: tongue wrap, tongue corner and tongue paint. Maximum tongue strength and tongue endurance were assessed at baseline (T0) and after 4 weeks of training (T1) using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes within groups, and the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare gains among groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 4 weeks of self-administered TEs, the average gains in maximum tongue strength and endurance did not differ significantly between young and older participants. The gains in maximum tongue strength for young and older participants were as follows: tongue wrap (7.7 vs. 3.3 kPa, <i>p</i> = 0.2), tongue corner (4.0 vs. 1.7 kPa, <i>p</i> = 0.6) and tongue paint (3.5 vs. 3.7 kPa, <i>p</i> = 1.0). For tongue endurance, young and older participants gained 3.9 vs. 13.0 s (<i>p</i> = 0.2), 1.3 vs. 11.0 s (<i>p</i> = 0.1) and 3.8 vs. −0.2 s (<i>p</i> = 0.5), respectively. While the tongue paint exercise resulted in the highest gains in maximum tongue strength, and the tongue wrap exercise showed the greatest improvement in tongue endurance among older adults, these differences were not statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four weeks of self-administered TEs had a positive impact on tongue strength and endurance in older individuals. Although our findings are most compatible with no important difference among exercise types in the older, notable patterns suggest potential benefits. Future studies should explore optimal exercise intensity and duration to maximise effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 4","pages":"602-610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive Epidemiology of Oral Function in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Individuals","authors":"Maki Shirobe,&nbsp;Masanori Iwasaki,&nbsp;Kentaro Igarashi,&nbsp;Keiko Motokawa,&nbsp;Ayako Edahiro,&nbsp;Shiho Morishita,&nbsp;Chiaki Matsubara,&nbsp;Tatsunosuke Gomi,&nbsp;Manami Ejiri,&nbsp;Hisashi Kawai,&nbsp;Maki Inoue,&nbsp;Shino Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Ayaka Isobe,&nbsp;Hisako Hikiji,&nbsp;Tatsuji Nishihara,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Sasai,&nbsp;Kazushige Ihara,&nbsp;Yoshinori Fujiwara,&nbsp;Shuichi Obuchi,&nbsp;Hirohiko Hirano","doi":"10.1111/ger.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe age-group differences in oral function in middle-aged and older Japanese adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To facilitate oral function management, it is essential research spanning a wider age range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a secondary analysis of data in 2023 from two distinct populations. The Otassha Study included community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years in Tokyo. The second sample consisted of middle-aged workers aged ≥ 40 years employed at municipal offices in Fukuoka. Survey items included tongue coating index, mucosal wetness, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure, masticatory function, swallowing function and the prevalence of oral hypofunction. Trend tests and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted. The dependent variable was the presence of oral hypofunction, and the independent variable was the age group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis included 645 participants (275 men and 370 women, aged 40–89 years). The prevalence of oral hypofunction and low oral function in six elements, except mucosal wetness, showed a significant linear association by age group. The prevalence of oral hypofunction was higher in the 80s (adjusted odds ratio: 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.4–8.3) than in the reference category (60s).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Expanding middle-aged participant data and conducting longitudinal studies are essential for understanding age-related changes in oral function. These efforts will help inform effective strategies to address oral functional decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 4","pages":"580-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Oral Diseases, Symptoms, and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in 70-Year-Olds: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Linda C. K. Hasselgren,&nbsp;Ellen Berggreen,&nbsp;Hager Zein Elabdeen,&nbsp;Siri F. Kvalheim,&nbsp;Gerhard Sulo,&nbsp;Anne N. Åstrøm","doi":"10.1111/ger.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the association between oral diseases, self-reported symptoms and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in 70-year-olds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies have found inconsistent evidence of the association between certain oral diseases and OHRQoL in adults aged 65 years or older, indicating a need for further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults who had been born in 1950–51 and residing in Western Norway were invited to a comprehensive oral health examination, collecting information on the number of teeth, caries, periodontitis, hyposalivation, xerostomia and temporomandibular pain (TMD). OHRQoL was assessed using two instruments, the Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). We used a causal model approach to identify potential confounders. The association between oral diseases, self-reported symptoms, and OHRQoL was explored using multivariable negative binomial regression models, reporting rate ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The final study sample consisted of 1189 individuals. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) OIDP and OHIP-14 scores were 0 (0–1) and 1 (0–4), respectively. OHRQoL was significantly associated with having fewer than 20 teeth (RR: 5.36 for OIDP and RR: 3.57 for OHIP-14), hyposalivation (RR: 1.38 for OHIP-14), xerostomia during daytime (RR: 2.25 for OIDP and RR: 2.07 for OHIP-14), xerostomia at night (RR: 1.72 for OIDP and RR: 1.71 for OHIP-14) and TMD pain (RR: 3.29 for OIDP and RR: 2.68 for OHIP-14).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study of Norwegian 70-year-olds indicates that preserving teeth is essential for OHRQoL and signals the importance of addressing hyposalivation, xerostomia, and TMD in the management of oral health in older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 4","pages":"591-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ger.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144539955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of Foreign Domestic Caregivers in Oral Hygiene Care for Older Adults With Dementia in Taiwan: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Sumandar,&nbsp;Kuo-Hsun Lu,&nbsp;Min-Tao Hsu,&nbsp;Hsiao-Ling Huang,&nbsp;Shu-Fen Wung,&nbsp;Chang-Chun Chen,&nbsp;Pei-Chao Lin","doi":"10.1111/ger.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore the experiences of Indonesian domestic paid caregivers in providing oral hygiene care for older adults with dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As dementia progresses, individuals increasingly rely on their caregivers for help with daily oral care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Indonesian domestic caregivers were recruited through purposive sampling at four community-based dementia service sites in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. A total of 12 Indonesian female domestic caregivers participated in face-to-face interviews, which lasted between 30 and 70 min. The interview transcripts were analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three main themes and six sub-themes were identified from the interviews: (1) caring for the oral health of older adults with dementia as one would for a family member, (2) providing person-centred interactions during oral hygiene routines and (3) addressing the systemic and practical challenges related to oral hygiene.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Indonesian female domestic caregivers recognise the importance of consistently providing oral hygiene care to older adults with dementia. There is a need for training programmes to improve caregiving skills, create supportive environments and foster a positive approach to care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 4","pages":"571-579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on ‘Root Caries in Older Adults: A Co-Citation Network Analysis (1980–2023)’ by Su and Chang","authors":"Yuh-Shan Ho,&nbsp;Nikolaos Christidis","doi":"10.1111/ger.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"438-439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the Letter to the Editor Regarding ‘Root Caries in Older Adults: A Co-Citation Network Analysis (1980–2023)’","authors":"Wen-Song Su,&nbsp;Ching-Yi Chang","doi":"10.1111/ger.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"436-437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinguishing Between Gerodontology and Geriatric Dentistry: Key Perspectives on Oral Health in Older Adults","authors":"Dachel Martínez Asanza,&nbsp;Isis Anastasia Rojas Herrera,&nbsp;Noralydis Rodríguez Washington","doi":"10.1111/ger.12820","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.12820","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"434-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}