Amina Maria Geibel, Constanze Keutel, Daniela Kildal, Margrit-Ann Geibel
Background
Radiography is required in domiciliary dentistry in order to ensure accurate diagnosis, but the available devices have not yet been approved due to a lack of research regarding the quality of single tooth radiography.
Aim
To examine dental radiographs taken using the mobile X-ray device (Nomad Pro 2, Envista, Brea, CA) with regard to their quality, examinability and their benefit for treatment planning in mobile dentistry.
Methods
The image quality of radiographs using a mobile handheld X-ray system was assessed. The quality criteria catalogue of the German Dental Association was applied.
Results
Of 127 dental radiographs, 80% (101) showed no quality defects. Diagnosis-relevant quality defects were found in 17% (21). 61% (78) of radiographs had clinically relevant secondary findings that had an influence on further dental treatment and on the prognosis of the teeth.
Conclusions
Dental care in nursing homes presents significant challenges, particularly regarding oral preventive medicine. Surgical procedures are legally contestable without dental radiology, and this raises professional and ethical concerns. Mobile dental radiology is an important component of treatment in mobile dentistry. Unexpected findings such as apical osteolysis or root remnants can only be identified and treated by means of radiography.
背景：为了确保准确的诊断，在家庭牙科中需要x线摄影，但由于缺乏关于单牙x线摄影质量的研究，可用的设备尚未获得批准。目的：检查使用移动x光设备（Nomad Pro 2, Envista, Brea， CA）拍摄的牙科x光片的质量，可检查性及其对移动牙科治疗计划的益处。方法：对移动手持x线系统拍摄的x线片图像质量进行评价。采用德国牙科协会的质量标准目录。结果：127张口腔x线片中，80%（101张）未发现质量缺陷。诊断相关的质量缺陷占17%（21）。61%（78）的x线片有临床相关的继发发现，对进一步的牙科治疗和牙齿预后有影响。结论：牙科护理在养老院提出了重大挑战，特别是在口腔预防医学。在没有牙科放射学的情况下，外科手术在法律上是有争议的，这引起了专业和道德上的关注。移动牙科放射学是移动牙科治疗的重要组成部分。意外的发现，如根尖骨溶解或根残余只能通过x线摄影识别和治疗。
{"title":"Mobile Dental Radiology—Evaluation of Quality Requirements for Radiographs Applying Handheld Mobile Radiography","authors":"Amina Maria Geibel, Constanze Keutel, Daniela Kildal, Margrit-Ann Geibel","doi":"10.1111/ger.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Radiography is required in domiciliary dentistry in order to ensure accurate diagnosis, but the available devices have not yet been approved due to a lack of research regarding the quality of single tooth radiography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine dental radiographs taken using the mobile X-ray device (Nomad Pro 2, Envista, Brea, CA) with regard to their quality, examinability and their benefit for treatment planning in mobile dentistry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The image quality of radiographs using a mobile handheld X-ray system was assessed. The quality criteria catalogue of the German Dental Association was applied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 127 dental radiographs, 80% (101) showed no quality defects. Diagnosis-relevant quality defects were found in 17% (21). 61% (78) of radiographs had clinically relevant secondary findings that had an influence on further dental treatment and on the prognosis of the teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dental care in nursing homes presents significant challenges, particularly regarding oral preventive medicine. Surgical procedures are legally contestable without dental radiology, and this raises professional and ethical concerns. Mobile dental radiology is an important component of treatment in mobile dentistry. Unexpected findings such as apical osteolysis or root remnants can only be identified and treated by means of radiography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"119-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To describe edentulism and its associations in older adult Indonesians.
Background
Indonesia is the fourth largest population in the world, with a total population of 274.859 million people in 2022. The prevalence of edentulism was 7.2% in 2018. The population aged 60 and above was around 9.6% in 2019 and is projected to reach around 20% by 2045.
Methods
The data were obtained from the most recent Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5), which investigated edentulism in individuals aged 65 and older. The exposure variables were social determinants of health and medical conditions, with the outcome being edentulism status. Log binomial regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio.
Results
The overall weighted prevalence of edentulism was 15.7% (95% CI = 13.5–18.1). The sample comprised 2598 respondents aged 65 years or above. The prevalence of edentulism was 2.1 times higher in individuals over 75 years old. Higher education is linked to a lower prevalence of tooth loss. Insurance holders had a 20% lower prevalence. Hypertension increased prevalence by 20%, and chronic lung disease raised it by 1.5 times. Multivariate analysis confirmed significant interactions between education, economic status and age, affecting edentulism rates.
Conclusion
The social determinants of health (education level, economic status, insurance and age) and medical conditions influenced the prevalence of edentulism in Indonesia's aging population. Addressing these upstream factors is essential for reducing oral health disparities and improving population-level oral health outcomes.
目的：描述印度尼西亚老年人的牙长牙症及其相关性。背景：印尼是世界第四大人口大国，2022年总人口为27485.9万人。2018年，蛀牙症的患病率为7.2%。2019年，60岁及以上人口约为9.6%，预计到2045年将达到20%左右。方法：数据来自最近的印度尼西亚家庭生活调查（IFLS-5），该调查调查了65岁及以上个体的牙齿问题。暴露变量是健康和医疗状况的社会决定因素，其结果是牙齿状况。采用对数二项回归估计患病率。结果：全牙化加权患病率为15.7% （95% CI = 13.5-18.1）。样本包括2598名年龄在65岁或以上的受访者。在75岁以上的人群中，蛀牙的患病率要高出2.1倍。高等教育与较低的牙齿脱落率有关。保险持有人的患病率降低了20%。高血压的患病率增加了20%，慢性肺病的患病率增加了1.5倍。多变量分析证实，教育程度、经济状况和年龄之间存在显著的交互作用，影响蛀牙率。结论：健康的社会决定因素（教育水平、经济状况、保险和年龄）和医疗条件影响着印度尼西亚老龄人口中蛀牙症的流行。解决这些上游因素对于减少口腔健康差距和改善人口水平的口腔健康结果至关重要。
{"title":"The Associations of Social Determinants and Medical Conditions With Edentulism in Indonesia's Aging Population","authors":"Mustika Arini, Ahmad Watsiq Maula, Rahmi Khairani Aulia, Renaissa Prithasuri Darajati, Judy Chia-Chun Yuan, Cortino Sukotjo","doi":"10.1111/ger.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe edentulism and its associations in older adult Indonesians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Indonesia is the fourth largest population in the world, with a total population of 274.859 million people in 2022. The prevalence of edentulism was 7.2% in 2018. The population aged 60 and above was around 9.6% in 2019 and is projected to reach around 20% by 2045.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data were obtained from the most recent Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5), which investigated edentulism in individuals aged 65 and older. The exposure variables were social determinants of health and medical conditions, with the outcome being edentulism status. Log binomial regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall weighted prevalence of edentulism was 15.7% (95% CI = 13.5–18.1). The sample comprised 2598 respondents aged 65 years or above. The prevalence of edentulism was 2.1 times higher in individuals over 75 years old. Higher education is linked to a lower prevalence of tooth loss. Insurance holders had a 20% lower prevalence. Hypertension increased prevalence by 20%, and chronic lung disease raised it by 1.5 times. Multivariate analysis confirmed significant interactions between education, economic status and age, affecting edentulism rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The social determinants of health (education level, economic status, insurance and age) and medical conditions influenced the prevalence of edentulism in Indonesia's aging population. Addressing these upstream factors is essential for reducing oral health disparities and improving population-level oral health outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aster De Vleeschauwer, Ellen Baele, Fien Mertens, Natalie Hoste, Louise Poppe, Peter Pype, Barbara Janssens
Introduction
Frailty has a profound negative impact on the abilities to perform daily oral hygiene and to regularly attend a dental professional. To inform effective oral care and oral health services for older adults, this research aimed to explore frail, home-dwelling older adults' experiences, needs, and barriers to daily oral hygiene and professional care.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-seven home-dwelling frail older adults in Belgium. Interviews were analysed using a reflexive thematic approach.
Results
Three themes were identified: ‘importance of oral healthcare’; ‘performing daily oral hygiene’; and ‘seeking professional care’. All participants confirmed the importance of maintaining good oral health. Nevertheless, daily oral hygiene was often not performed as the latest guidelines recommend. Functional independence was considered an important issue, and participants expressed reluctance to ask home care nurses for help. Opinions on the usefulness of preventive dental visits were mixed.
Conclusion
The findings highlight a gap between older adults' oral health knowledge or practices and the awareness of its importance. Consequently, efforts are needed to enhance older adults' self-efficacy in oral care. Non-oral healthcare providers could play a key role in encouraging and referring older adults to oral health professionals.
{"title":"Oral Care Experiences of Home-Dwelling Frail Older Adults in Flanders, Belgium—A Qualitative Study","authors":"Aster De Vleeschauwer, Ellen Baele, Fien Mertens, Natalie Hoste, Louise Poppe, Peter Pype, Barbara Janssens","doi":"10.1111/ger.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Frailty has a profound negative impact on the abilities to perform daily oral hygiene and to regularly attend a dental professional. To inform effective oral care and oral health services for older adults, this research aimed to explore frail, home-dwelling older adults' experiences, needs, and barriers to daily oral hygiene and professional care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-seven home-dwelling frail older adults in Belgium. Interviews were analysed using a reflexive thematic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three themes were identified: ‘importance of oral healthcare’; ‘performing daily oral hygiene’; and ‘seeking professional care’. All participants confirmed the importance of maintaining good oral health. Nevertheless, daily oral hygiene was often not performed as the latest guidelines recommend. Functional independence was considered an important issue, and participants expressed reluctance to ask home care nurses for help. Opinions on the usefulness of preventive dental visits were mixed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings highlight a gap between older adults' oral health knowledge or practices and the awareness of its importance. Consequently, efforts are needed to enhance older adults' self-efficacy in oral care. Non-oral healthcare providers could play a key role in encouraging and referring older adults to oral health professionals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maud Jonker, Coos Engelsma, David J. Manton, Anita Visser
Background
Individuals with dementia frequently show care-resistant behaviour toward the provision of oral care. Providing oral care despite care-resistant behaviour is legally considered to be involuntary oral care. In the Netherlands, the provision of involuntary oral care to incapacitated individuals with dementia is regulated by the Care and Coercion Act (CCA) since 2020.
Objective
This study aimed to assess how care providers experienced the CCA in the context of involuntary oral care for individuals with dementia.
Methods
32 one-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with different care providers involved in oral care for incapacitated individuals with dementia.
Results
Through the interviews, multiple experiences concerning the CCA were identified. These experiences were related to: (1) awareness of involuntary care, (2) implementation of the law, (3) definitions, (4) circumvention of the law and (5) responsibility for involuntary care.
Conclusion
The CCA creates awareness about involuntary oral care among care providers. However, many care providers view the legal definitions differently, causing variation in the interpretations and applications of the legislation. Also, several care providers feel that the law could result in quicker discontinuation of oral care provision. Care organisations and policymakers should provide clarity concerning the legal definitions and provide training on legislation and the provision of oral health care in cases of care-resistant behaviour.
{"title":"Caregivers' Experiences With Involuntary Oral Care for Individuals With Dementia Within the Dutch Care and Coercion Act","authors":"Maud Jonker, Coos Engelsma, David J. Manton, Anita Visser","doi":"10.1111/ger.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with dementia frequently show care-resistant behaviour toward the provision of oral care. Providing oral care despite care-resistant behaviour is legally considered to be involuntary oral care. In the Netherlands, the provision of involuntary oral care to incapacitated individuals with dementia is regulated by the Care and Coercion Act (CCA) since 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess how care providers experienced the CCA in the context of involuntary oral care for individuals with dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>32 one-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with different care providers involved in oral care for incapacitated individuals with dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through the interviews, multiple experiences concerning the CCA were identified. These experiences were related to: (1) awareness of involuntary care, (2) implementation of the law, (3) definitions, (4) circumvention of the law and (5) responsibility for involuntary care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CCA creates awareness about involuntary oral care among care providers. However, many care providers view the legal definitions differently, causing variation in the interpretations and applications of the legislation. Also, several care providers feel that the law could result in quicker discontinuation of oral care provision. Care organisations and policymakers should provide clarity concerning the legal definitions and provide training on legislation and the provision of oral health care in cases of care-resistant behaviour.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"83-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiuping Zhou, Reinhard Chun Wang Chau, Hui Min Chen, Hui Chen, Colman McGrath
Objectives
To determine the prevalence of edentulism and its rehabilitation in China's older population and describe socio-demographic differences in edentulism and rehabilitation.
Methods
Secondary analyses of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Bivariate and regression analyses were performed.
Results
The weighted prevalence of edentulism was 26.0% (95% CI 24.8–27.2). Approximately two-thirds of edentulous elders had been rehabilitated (63.6%, 95% CI 57.4–69.4). In regression analyses, older people had a higher prevalence ratio (PR) for edentulism than younger elders: PR 3.0 (95% CI 2.7–3.4) for those aged 80 and older and PR 1.9 (95% CI 1.7–2.1) for those aged 70–79, with reference to those aged 60–69. Those who had attained secondary education had a lower PR for edentulism than those with no formal education: PR 0.7 (95% CI 0.6–0.8). Those from Non-Agricultural Hukou (Urban area) had a lower PR than those from Agricultural Hukou (Rural area): PR 0.8 (95% CI 0.7, 1.0). Older adults aged 80 and above were less likely to receive denture rehabilitation compared to those aged 60–69, with a PR of 0.6 (95% CI: 0.5–0.9). In contrast, individuals with secondary education showed a greater likelihood of denture rehabilitation than those without formal education, with a PR of 1.3 (95% CI: 1.0–1.6). Additionally, non-Han ethnic groups had a slightly higher chance of denture rehabilitation compared to their Han counterparts, with a PR of 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0–1.5).
Conclusions
Approximately one in four older people in China are edentulous, and approximately two in three of them have been rehabilitated. Socio-demographic differences in edentulism rates and rates of rehabilitation are apparent. These findings reveal disparities in edentulism and denture rehabilitation among China's older adults (60+), urging targeted policies to enhance access for less-educated and rural elders while offering insights for global ageing populations.
目的：确定中国老年人口的牙牙病及其康复的患病率，并描述牙牙病和康复的社会人口差异。方法：对中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）进行二次分析。进行了双变量和回归分析。结果：全牙化加权患病率为26.0% （95% CI 24.8 ~ 27.2）。大约三分之二的无牙老年人得到了康复（63.6%,95% CI 57.4-69.4）。在回归分析中，老年人的牙髓病患病率（PR）高于年轻人：80岁及以上人群的PR为3.0 (95% CI 2.7-3.4)， 70-79岁人群的PR为1.9 (95% CI 1.7-2.1)，与60-69岁人群相比。接受过中等教育的人患蛀牙症的风险比没有接受过正规教育的人低：风险比为0.7 （95% CI 0.6-0.8）。非农业户口（城市地区）的PR低于农业户口（农村地区）的PR: PR为0.8 （95% CI 0.7, 1.0）。与60-69岁的老年人相比，80岁及以上的老年人接受假牙康复的可能性较小，PR为0.6 （95% CI: 0.5-0.9）。相比之下，受过中等教育的个体比没有受过正规教育的个体表现出更大的假牙康复的可能性，PR为1.3 （95% CI: 1.0-1.6）。此外，与汉族相比，非汉族群体的假牙康复机会略高，PR为1.2 （95% CI: 1.0-1.5）。结论：中国大约四分之一的老年人缺牙，其中大约三分之二的人已经康复。龋齿率和康复率的社会人口差异是明显的。这些研究结果揭示了中国老年人（60岁以上）在义齿治疗和义齿康复方面的差异，敦促制定有针对性的政策，提高受教育程度较低和农村老年人的获得机会，同时为全球老龄化人口提供见解。
{"title":"Edentulism and Its Rehabilitation Among Older People in China","authors":"Qiuping Zhou, Reinhard Chun Wang Chau, Hui Min Chen, Hui Chen, Colman McGrath","doi":"10.1111/ger.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the prevalence of edentulism and its rehabilitation in China's older population and describe socio-demographic differences in edentulism and rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Secondary analyses of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Bivariate and regression analyses were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The weighted prevalence of edentulism was 26.0% (95% CI 24.8–27.2). Approximately two-thirds of edentulous elders had been rehabilitated (63.6%, 95% CI 57.4–69.4). In regression analyses, older people had a higher prevalence ratio (PR) for edentulism than younger elders: PR 3.0 (95% CI 2.7–3.4) for those aged 80 and older and PR 1.9 (95% CI 1.7–2.1) for those aged 70–79, with reference to those aged 60–69. Those who had attained secondary education had a lower PR for edentulism than those with no formal education: PR 0.7 (95% CI 0.6–0.8). Those from Non-Agricultural Hukou (Urban area) had a lower PR than those from Agricultural Hukou (Rural area): PR 0.8 (95% CI 0.7, 1.0). Older adults aged 80 and above were less likely to receive denture rehabilitation compared to those aged 60–69, with a PR of 0.6 (95% CI: 0.5–0.9). In contrast, individuals with secondary education showed a greater likelihood of denture rehabilitation than those without formal education, with a PR of 1.3 (95% CI: 1.0–1.6). Additionally, non-Han ethnic groups had a slightly higher chance of denture rehabilitation compared to their Han counterparts, with a PR of 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0–1.5).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately one in four older people in China are edentulous, and approximately two in three of them have been rehabilitated. Socio-demographic differences in edentulism rates and rates of rehabilitation are apparent. These findings reveal disparities in edentulism and denture rehabilitation among China's older adults (60+), urging targeted policies to enhance access for less-educated and rural elders while offering insights for global ageing populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farah Zahiah Ahmad Zainuddin, Guangzhao Guan, Graeme S. Ting, William Murray Thomson
Aims
To investigate and describe the concordance between salivary flow rates and xerostomia among older dependent adults, describe the association between medication use and dry mouth, and describe the impact of dry mouth on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).
Methods
A clinical examination survey was conducted with 50 older adults residing in residential care facilities in Dunedin, New Zealand. Xerostomia was measured using the five-item Summated Xerostomia Inventory-Dutch Version (SXI-D), and the unstimulated salivary flow rate was also measured. The clinical manifestations of oral dryness were evaluated using the Clinical Oral Dryness Scoring (CODS) scale. Medications were recorded.
Results
Participants ranged in age from 65 to 99 years (mean 83.0, SD 9.1). The prevalence of xerostomia was 34.8%, while salivary gland hypofunction (SGH) was present in 26.1%. Only 13.0% of participants had both conditions, and 52.2% had neither. A weak negative correlation was observed between the SXI-D score and salivary flow rate (r = −0.20), while a moderate positive correlation was found between the SXI-D and the CODS scale (r = 0.55). Additionally, the CODS scale showed a moderate negative correlation with the salivary flow rate (r = −0.47).
Conclusion
Dry mouth is common among older adults in residential care, but the relationship between its signs and symptoms is complex. Salivary hypofunction data alone do not fully capture the experience of oral dryness, emphasising the need for a more comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment.
{"title":"Measuring Dry Mouth in Older People in Residential Care","authors":"Farah Zahiah Ahmad Zainuddin, Guangzhao Guan, Graeme S. Ting, William Murray Thomson","doi":"10.1111/ger.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate and describe the concordance between salivary flow rates and xerostomia among older dependent adults, describe the association between medication use and dry mouth, and describe the impact of dry mouth on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A clinical examination survey was conducted with 50 older adults residing in residential care facilities in Dunedin, New Zealand. Xerostomia was measured using the five-item Summated Xerostomia Inventory-Dutch Version (SXI-D), and the unstimulated salivary flow rate was also measured. The clinical manifestations of oral dryness were evaluated using the Clinical Oral Dryness Scoring (CODS) scale. Medications were recorded.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants ranged in age from 65 to 99 years (mean 83.0, SD 9.1). The prevalence of xerostomia was 34.8%, while salivary gland hypofunction (SGH) was present in 26.1%. Only 13.0% of participants had both conditions, and 52.2% had neither. A weak negative correlation was observed between the SXI-D score and salivary flow rate (<i>r</i> = −0.20), while a moderate positive correlation was found between the SXI-D and the CODS scale (<i>r</i> = 0.55). Additionally, the CODS scale showed a moderate negative correlation with the salivary flow rate (<i>r</i> = −0.47).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dry mouth is common among older adults in residential care, but the relationship between its signs and symptoms is complex. Salivary hypofunction data alone do not fully capture the experience of oral dryness, emphasising the need for a more comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While clinical training is considered a key strategy for fostering positive attitudes, the impact of exposure to older patients—particularly in home-visit dentistry—on dental residents' attitudes remains unclear. This study examines the effect of clinical training in home-visit dentistry on ageism in dental residents.
Methods
A longitudinal single-arm pre-post design was employed. The study was conducted at Kyushu Dental University from April 2024 to March 2025. A total of 63 dental residents participated at baseline. Of these, 36 (57.1%) completed all assessments and were included in the final analysis. Participants completed two validated Japanese instruments: the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) for general ageism and the Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) for profession-specific ageism. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Participants were categorised by number of home-visit sessions: ≤ 3 or ≥ 4 visits at 6 months, and ≤ 6 or ≥ 7 at 12 months.
Results
ASDS scores remained largely stable over a 12-month period (mean difference from baseline to 12 months: +2.0; effect size [ES] = −0.29). In contrast, FSA scores at 6 months (37.0 [23–73], ES = −1.08), and at 12 months (49.0 [25–87], ES = −2.76) were higher than the baseline median of 33.5 [14–42], indicating a very large deterioration in general ageism. FSA scores were even higher among residents with greater exposure to home-visit dentistry.
Conclusion
General ageism increased during the clinical training period, particularly among residents with greater exposure to home-visit dentistry. In contrast, profession-specific ageism remained largely unchanged.
{"title":"Clinical Exposure to Visiting Dental Practice Heightens General Ageism in Dental Residents: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Maya Izumi, Jumpei Kubota, Shinji Yoshii, Sumio Akifusa","doi":"10.1111/ger.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While clinical training is considered a key strategy for fostering positive attitudes, the impact of exposure to older patients—particularly in home-visit dentistry—on dental residents' attitudes remains unclear. This study examines the effect of clinical training in home-visit dentistry on ageism in dental residents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A longitudinal single-arm pre-post design was employed. The study was conducted at Kyushu Dental University from April 2024 to March 2025. A total of 63 dental residents participated at baseline. Of these, 36 (57.1%) completed all assessments and were included in the final analysis. Participants completed two validated Japanese instruments: the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) for general ageism and the Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS) for profession-specific ageism. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Participants were categorised by number of home-visit sessions: ≤ 3 or ≥ 4 visits at 6 months, and ≤ 6 or ≥ 7 at 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ASDS scores remained largely stable over a 12-month period (mean difference from baseline to 12 months: +2.0; effect size [ES] = −0.29). In contrast, FSA scores at 6 months (37.0 [23–73], ES = −1.08), and at 12 months (49.0 [25–87], ES = −2.76) were higher than the baseline median of 33.5 [14–42], indicating a very large deterioration in general ageism. FSA scores were even higher among residents with greater exposure to home-visit dentistry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>General ageism increased during the clinical training period, particularly among residents with greater exposure to home-visit dentistry. In contrast, profession-specific ageism remained largely unchanged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tien-Wei Hsu, Ming-Chu Feng, Chi Lin, Chih-Hsing Hung, Chih-Hung Ko
Background
Although swallowing function is crucial for older adults, the effects of oropharyngeal exercise interventions on older adults without stroke or cancer remain uncertain.
Methods
A systematic search of five major databases was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials involving oropharyngeal exercise interventions conducted on older adults. The primary outcomes investigated were the changes in maximum tongue pressure (MTP) and the results from the repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST). The secondary outcomes examined were swallowing pressure and oral motor coordination (oral diadochokinesis, DDK). A subgroup analysis was conducted to compare outcomes between dementia and non-dementia populations. Data synthesis was performed by conducting a random-effects meta-analysis.
Results
Eleven randomised controlled trials were included (n = 622). The oropharyngeal exercise intervention groups exhibited greater improvements in MTP (k = 11, standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.31–1.17) and RSST results (k = 4, SMD = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.28–0.98) than the control group. Positive outcomes were reported in both dementia and non-dementia subgroups. Oropharyngeal exercise interventions also led to increased efficacy for swallowing pressure (k = 4, SMD = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.20–1.22) and oral DDK (k = 3, syllable/pa/, SMD = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.34–1.67; syllable/ta/, SMD = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.02–1.43; syllable/ka/, SMD = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.16–1.42).
Conclusion
Our findings suggested that oropharyngeal exercise intervention is beneficial as a rehabilitative measure for patients with dysphagia and as a preventive measure for healthy older adults.
{"title":"Oropharyngeal Exercise Intervention for Swallowing Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Tien-Wei Hsu, Ming-Chu Feng, Chi Lin, Chih-Hsing Hung, Chih-Hung Ko","doi":"10.1111/ger.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ger.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although swallowing function is crucial for older adults, the effects of oropharyngeal exercise interventions on older adults without stroke or cancer remain uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search of five major databases was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials involving oropharyngeal exercise interventions conducted on older adults. The primary outcomes investigated were the changes in maximum tongue pressure (MTP) and the results from the repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST). The secondary outcomes examined were swallowing pressure and oral motor coordination (oral diadochokinesis, DDK). A subgroup analysis was conducted to compare outcomes between dementia and non-dementia populations. Data synthesis was performed by conducting a random-effects meta-analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eleven randomised controlled trials were included (<i>n</i> = 622). The oropharyngeal exercise intervention groups exhibited greater improvements in MTP (<i>k</i> = 11, standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.31–1.17) and RSST results (<i>k</i> = 4, SMD = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.28–0.98) than the control group. Positive outcomes were reported in both dementia and non-dementia subgroups. Oropharyngeal exercise interventions also led to increased efficacy for swallowing pressure (<i>k</i> = 4, SMD = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.20–1.22) and oral DDK (<i>k</i> = 3, syllable/pa/, SMD = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.34–1.67; syllable/ta/, SMD = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.02–1.43; syllable/ka/, SMD = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.16–1.42).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggested that oropharyngeal exercise intervention is beneficial as a rehabilitative measure for patients with dysphagia and as a preventive measure for healthy older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144950623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Robin Heath Citation Award 2025","authors":"W. Murray Thomson","doi":"10.1111/ger.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.70009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Li, Mai Murase, Yuichi Yamatani, Keita Masaki, Mariko Hattori, Noriyuki Wakabayashi
Objective
To report that digital technology for palatal augmentation prosthesis in older adult hemiglossectomy patients can be fabricated with less burden and effectively improves oral function.
Background
The palatal augmentation prosthesis is a dental prosthesis featuring a thickened palatal plate, designed for patients with significant tongue movement disorders to achieve proper contact between the tongue and the palate. This prosthesis compensates for the impaired tongue function and serves to improve both dysphagia and speech disorders in patients with post-operative oral cancer, cerebrovascular disease and oral frailty.
Materials and Methods
An 81-year-old patient, who had been treated for tongue cancer since theage of 72 and who underwent hemiglossectomy, required palatal augmentation prosthesisreproduction. The existing palatal augmentation prosthesis was scanned and 3D printed. The copied palatal augmentation prosthesis was then adjusted intraorally, scanned again and used to produce a new milled palatal augmentation prosthesis with cast metal clasps.
Result
The palatal augmentation prosthesis was fabricated in four appointments using a digital workflow, successfully restoring the patient's oral function without any adjustments. An oral hypofunction test was then performed, demonstrating satisfactory recovery.
Conclusion
Digital technology enables rapid fabrication of palatal augmentation prostheses with reduced patient burden, facilitating the creation of lightweight hollow prostheses that protect remaining teeth while ensuring satisfactory functional recovery.
{"title":"Applying Digital Technology to a Hollow Palatal Augmentation Prosthesis in an Older Adult Hemiglossectomy Patient: A Case Report","authors":"Bin Li, Mai Murase, Yuichi Yamatani, Keita Masaki, Mariko Hattori, Noriyuki Wakabayashi","doi":"10.1111/ger.12828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ger.12828","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To report that digital technology for palatal augmentation prosthesis in older adult hemiglossectomy patients can be fabricated with less burden and effectively improves oral function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The palatal augmentation prosthesis is a dental prosthesis featuring a thickened palatal plate, designed for patients with significant tongue movement disorders to achieve proper contact between the tongue and the palate. This prosthesis compensates for the impaired tongue function and serves to improve both dysphagia and speech disorders in patients with post-operative oral cancer, cerebrovascular disease and oral frailty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An 81-year-old patient, who had been treated for tongue cancer since theage of 72 and who underwent hemiglossectomy, required palatal augmentation prosthesisreproduction. The existing palatal augmentation prosthesis was scanned and 3D printed. The copied palatal augmentation prosthesis was then adjusted intraorally, scanned again and used to produce a new milled palatal augmentation prosthesis with cast metal clasps.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The palatal augmentation prosthesis was fabricated in four appointments using a digital workflow, successfully restoring the patient's oral function without any adjustments. An oral hypofunction test was then performed, demonstrating satisfactory recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Digital technology enables rapid fabrication of palatal augmentation prostheses with reduced patient burden, facilitating the creation of lightweight hollow prostheses that protect remaining teeth while ensuring satisfactory functional recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12583,"journal":{"name":"Gerodontology","volume":"42 3","pages":"429-433"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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