Frontiers in Psychiatry最新文献

Objective: This study examined heterogeneous patterns of trauma-related adaptation among Chinese adolescents during the post-COVID-19 recovery phase, focusing on the co-occurrence of posttraumatic distress (PTD) and posttraumatic growth (PTG). We also investigated how modifiable psychosocial protective and vulnerability factors were associated with membership in different adaptation profiles.

Method: A large-scale cross-sectional survey was administered to 5, 044 students (aged 9-17 years; 46.6% male) from 15 primary and secondary schools in Wuhan, China. Validated instruments assessed posttraumatic stress symptoms (PCL-C), posttraumatic growth (PTGI), depressive symptoms (CES-D), and anxiety (SAS). Protective and vulnerability factors included resilience (CD-RISC), perceived social support (SSRS), physical activity (PARS-3), school belonging (PSSM), adaptive coping (SCSQ), and trait anxiety (TAI). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify adaptation profiles, and multinomial logistic regression examined how modifiable psychosocial factors were associated with profile membership.

Results: LPA revealed four empirically derived profiles: a High Distress/High Growth-Moderate PTSD profile (76.9%), a Low Distress-High Growth profile (4.8%), a Low Growth-Moderate Distress profile (3.9%), and a High Distress/High Growth-High PTSD profile (14.4%). The vast majority of adolescents showed some degree of both PTD and PTG, consistent with dual-process perspectives. In multinomial models, higher resilience, social support, school belonging, adaptive coping, and physical activity were associated with greater likelihood of belonging to the Low Distress-High Growth profile rather than more distressed profiles, whereas higher trait anxiety was associated with increased odds of membership in profiles characterized by greater distress.

Conclusions: In this large school-based sample of Chinese adolescents, distress and growth frequently co-occurred and clustered into distinct adaptation profiles that differed systematically in psychosocial resources. Resilience, social connectedness, school belonging, and physical activity emerged as promising targets for trauma-informed, school-based support, whereas trait anxiety appeared to mark heightened vulnerability. Given the cross-sectional and single-region design, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory, and longitudinal and cross-cultural studies are needed to clarify temporal and contextual influences on adolescent trauma adaptation.

Background and objectives: Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are cognitive-emotional patterns linked to depression. Their role in psychiatric rehabilitation and treatment success remains unclear. This study examines the association between EMSs and depressive symptom severity at admission and its impact on treatment outcomes.

Materials and methods: A total of 2,568 patients in a 6-week outpatient psychiatric rehabilitation program in Austria were assessed. EMSs were measured using the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 (YSQ-S3), and depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-2). Multiple regression analyses determined the predictive value of EMSs on symptom severity and treatment response. Cluster analyses identified schema profiles and their relation to treatment success.

Results: Higher EMS scores, especially in Disconnection/Rejection and Impaired Autonomy/Performance, correlated with higher depression levels at admission. Regression models explained 46% of symptom variance. However, EMSs had limited predictive value for treatment success, with small effects for Dependence/Incompetence and Subjugation. Cluster analyses showed that patients with high EMSs had more severe symptoms but similar clinical improvement.

Discussion: EMSs showed a significant influence on the severity of depressive symptoms at admission. However, their impact on treatment success was limited; namely, similar clinical improvement was found in patients with high EMSs.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become a major public health issue of global concern and has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Due to the high incidence and persistent lifelong dysfunction of children with ASD, exploring active and effective intervention strategies plays a key role in their prognosis. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and auditory integration training (AIT) are both promising neuromodulation methods and play an important role in clinical intervention in children with ASD. This study aims to explore the clinical effectiveness of rTMS and AIT combined intervention compared with single intervention through randomized controlled experiments, and provide scientific basis for clinical intervention in ASD.

Methods: A total of 60 participants with ASD were randomly assigned to the study group (rTMS combined with AIT) and the control group (rTMS) in a 1:1 ratio, with 30 participants in each group. The outcome indicators were the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R). Clinical data were collected at baseline and after intervention. Data were processed and analyzed by SPSS.

Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, the total scores of ABC, CARS, SDQ and RBS-R in the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before intervention (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, after 12 weeks of intervention, the total scores of ABC and CARS, as well as the total scores and some dimensions of SDQ and RBS-R were significantly improved (P < 0.05).

Discussion: The intervention therapy of rTMS combined with AIT has significant efficacy in children with ASD, which can significantly improve the core symptoms and emotional behavioral problems of children with ASD. This method is worthy of being promoted and applied in clinical practice.

Clinical trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=225665, identifier ChiCTR2400082706.

Objective: It is increasingly recognized that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with major depressive disorder(MDD) and a spectrum of psychotic symptoms. However, a paucity of data exists regarding the connection of IR with concurrent psychotic symptoms in adolescent MDD patients. Consequently, we aimed to examine the correlation of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), an alternative measure of IR, with psychotic symptoms among adolescents presenting with MDD.

Methods: The study included 1,556 adolescents aged 13-17 years with depressive disorders. Demographic data were collected, and psychotic symptoms were assessed through clinical interviews. Assessment of depressive and anxiety symptoms was conducted with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and the 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA). Levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides (TG), and other serum markers were determined. The relationship between the TyG index and psychotic symptoms was subsequently investigated by applying multivariable binary logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and threshold effect analyses.

Results: A total of 1,556 patients were included in this study, with 1,158 females (74.4%) and 398 males (25.6%). Among all participants, 402 (25.8%) exhibited psychotic symptoms. A positive association persisted between the TyG index and psychotic symptoms after comprehensive covariate adjustment, demonstrating a 98.2% increase in odds per 1-unit increment in the index (OR = 1.982; 95% CI: 1.499, 2.620). Compared to the reference tertile (T1), participants in the highest TyG tertile (T3) exhibited significantly greater odds of psychotic symptoms (OR = 2.138; 95% CI: 1.526, 2.994). Furthermore, multivariable RCS analysis established that this relationship was nonlinear in nature (p = 0.045). Subsequent analysis pinpointed a TyG index of 8.06 as a critical threshold, beyond which the risk of psychotic symptoms emerged as significant (OR = 1.618, 95% CI: 1.108-2.363).

Conclusions: Analysis of the dose-response relationship revealed a J-shaped curve linking the TyG index to psychotic symptoms among adolescents with MDD, characterized by a threshold value near 8.06.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1722447.].

Individuals suffering from mental illness often report an abnormal family of origin. Previous family theories have primarily focused solely on family risk factors or treated family members equally and have largely overlooked the critical role of family of origin in offspring development. In this study, we proposed a Family Dominant Hypothesis to emphasize the critical role of family of origin in the lifelong mental health of offspring. The core concept is that family and environmental variables, encompassing both risk and protective factors, contribute to different mental health outcomes in offspring, with the family of origin playing a directly dominant and indirectly mediating role in child development. This theoretical hypothesis highlights the dominant and mediating role of family of origin, considering both risk and protective factors--including biological genetics, family conditions, parental mental wellness, the relationship between parents, parenting style, and the parent-child relationship--in child development. Potential neurobiological mechanisms underlying the influence of the family of origin were also explored. Meanwhile, potential family interventions targeting the identified risk factors were proposed. The Family Dominant Theory is proposed to draw attention from society, particularly families and young parents, to emphasize the importance to family of origin environment. A comprehensive understanding of family of origin can help establish a healthier family environment and promote lifelong mental health of offspring.

Introduction: Blockchain-enabled products (e.g., cryptocurrencies and fan tokens) have rapidly expanded across professional sport, but the research landscape remains dispersed across finance, marketing, information systems, and sport management.

Methods: This study conducted a thematic review of Web of Science Core Collection records supplemented by snowball searching, yielding 30 English-language peer-reviewed studies published between 2019 and 2025.

Results: Based on the included titles, we mapped how the literature has developed and what it collectively implies for sport organizations, platforms, and consumers. Five recurring strands were identified: (1) fan tokens and sport cryptoassets as financial assets, emphasizing volatility, spillovers, and sensitivity to sport- and crypto-market events; (2) adoption, identity, and engagement research explaining why supporters buy/hold tokens, participate in voting, and engage in advocacy; (3) computational and platform-data approaches (e.g., sentiment/discourse analyses and poll/voting participation patterns) to quantify online engagement and market narratives; (4) blockchain applications and governance, including stakeholder-oriented discussions and ethical critiques regarding value creation, transparency, and power asymmetries; and (5) gambling-like risks and addiction-related correlates, highlighting the convergence of trading, betting-like dynamics, and potentially harmful consumption.

Discussion: Limitations include dependence on WoS-indexed English-language publications, topic and context concentration (especially European football and major platforms), and heterogeneity in study designs and outcomes that precludes comprehensive data synthesis. Future research should broaden contexts beyond dominant sports/regions and use stronger longitudinal or quasi-experimental designs to test mechanisms and harms.

Despite decades of neuroscience research and significant investment in addiction neuroimaging, clinical outcomes for individuals with substance use and behavioural addictions remain poor. Only 1.8% of people with substance use disorders receive effective treatment, highlighting a major disconnect between mechanistic understanding and clinical utility. This paper calls for a reorientation of addiction neuroscience, from a predominantly diagnostic focus toward a theragnostic framework, in which biomarkers are used to stratify patients, guide treatment decisions, and predict outcomes. We argue that the integration of translational neuroimaging biomarkers, particularly fMRI, EEG, and PET, within psychedelic addiction research offers a unique and timely opportunity to catalyse this shift. Psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin represent a new class of therapeutics capable of engaging neuroplasticity, reward and emotional processing, and cognitive control networks central to addiction pathophysiology. We review how acute and pre-post neuroimaging paradigms can index pharmacodynamic effects and longer-term treatment response and propose a roadmap for embedding biomarkers in early and late phase clinical trials. Drawing on ongoing studies at the Centre for Psychedelic Research at Imperial College London, we outline how multimodal biomarkers are being co-developed alongside clinical trials in gambling and opioid use disorders to identify biotype-specific responses and build a deeply phenotyped treatment population. We argue that these biomarkers, if validated, could serve as regulatory-grade tools for drug theragnostic co-development, mirroring successful models in oncology and neurology. Importantly, we emphasise that realising this vision will require robust multi-stakeholder collaboration, including academia, industry, regulatory agencies, funders, healthcare systems, and patient groups alongside dedicated investment to build a scalable theragnostic infrastructure for addiction research and medicine. In conclusion, psychedelic therapy offers more than symptomatic relief, it presents a vehicle for transforming how we diagnose, treat, and understand addiction. By embracing theragnostic principles and prioritising biomarker integration, addiction medicine has the potential to move towards personalised and precision-guided care.

Over the years, attentional characteristics such as reduced attention to faces or eye contact have been considered impairments and in need of correction in people with autism. This work proposes a reinterpretation of visual attention in people with autism, going beyond the traditional deficit-based approach. It proposes a shift in perspective by examining the characteristics of visual attention in people with autism as a resource for personal orientation strategies in complex and challenging environments. To better study and observe these mechanisms, the use of digital technologies such as mobile eye trackers, virtual reality, and other digital technologies can offer valuable support for better delineating the different strengths of this type of attentional modality, which deviates from the "norm." Therefore, rather than focusing on correction, the shift in perspective should focus much more on the understanding, well-being, and autonomy of people with autism. Viewing autistic attention not as a problem, but as a resource to be valued, is the first step towards building a truly inclusive society.