T. Chowdhury, E. Golanov, R. Gelpi, R. Bayford, B. Schaller
{"title":"The trigeminocardiac reflex: the course of the emerged definition over the last 21 years","authors":"T. Chowdhury, E. Golanov, R. Gelpi, R. Bayford, B. Schaller","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44240301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Gatto, E. Franceschi, V. D. Nunno, C. Tomasello, S. Bartolini, A. Brandes
Glioneuronal tumors are very rare CNS neoplasms that demonstrate neuronal differentiation, composed of mixed glial and neuronal cells. The majority of these lesions are low grade and their correct classification is crucial in order to avoid misidentification as ‘ordinary’ gliomas and prevent inappropriate aggressive treatment; nevertheless, precise diagnosis is a challenge due to phenotypic overlap across different histologic subtype. Surgery is the standard of therapeutic approach; literature concerning the benefit of adjuvant treatments is inconclusive and a globally accepted treatment of recurrence does not exist. Targetable mutations in the genes BRAF and FGFR1/2 are recurrently found in these tumors and could take a promising role in future treatment management.
{"title":"Glioneuronal tumors: clinicopathological findings and treatment options","authors":"L. Gatto, E. Franceschi, V. D. Nunno, C. Tomasello, S. Bartolini, A. Brandes","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Glioneuronal tumors are very rare CNS neoplasms that demonstrate neuronal differentiation, composed of mixed glial and neuronal cells. The majority of these lesions are low grade and their correct classification is crucial in order to avoid misidentification as ‘ordinary’ gliomas and prevent inappropriate aggressive treatment; nevertheless, precise diagnosis is a challenge due to phenotypic overlap across different histologic subtype. Surgery is the standard of therapeutic approach; literature concerning the benefit of adjuvant treatments is inconclusive and a globally accepted treatment of recurrence does not exist. Targetable mutations in the genes BRAF and FGFR1/2 are recurrently found in these tumors and could take a promising role in future treatment management.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2020-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45619649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Chakrabarti, V. S. Sunder, Upinder Kaur, Sapna Bala, Priyanka Sharma, Manjari Kiran, R. Rawal, S. Chakrabarti
Aim: A large body of evidence has implicated the cytotoxicity of α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We planned to use a bioinformatics-based approach to gain further insight into this process. Materials & methods: Using STRING version 10, we identified interacting proteins of α-synuclein. Using α-synuclein and one of these interactors involved in apoptosis as query proteins, we identified other linked proteins. We further analyzed the interactions between some of these proteins by Protein–Protein Docking using ClusPro. Results: We identified BAX as an interacting protein of α-synuclein. Interactions of α-synuclein and BAX as well as BAX and BCL2L1 were determined. Conclusion: The interaction of α-synuclein and BAX could play a crucial role in the cell death process of PD where apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition-driven necrosis may coexist.
{"title":"Identifying the mechanisms of α-synuclein-mediated cytotoxicity in Parkinson’s disease: new insights from a bioinformatics-based approach","authors":"S. Chakrabarti, V. S. Sunder, Upinder Kaur, Sapna Bala, Priyanka Sharma, Manjari Kiran, R. Rawal, S. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: A large body of evidence has implicated the cytotoxicity of α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We planned to use a bioinformatics-based approach to gain further insight into this process. Materials & methods: Using STRING version 10, we identified interacting proteins of α-synuclein. Using α-synuclein and one of these interactors involved in apoptosis as query proteins, we identified other linked proteins. We further analyzed the interactions between some of these proteins by Protein–Protein Docking using ClusPro. Results: We identified BAX as an interacting protein of α-synuclein. Interactions of α-synuclein and BAX as well as BAX and BCL2L1 were determined. Conclusion: The interaction of α-synuclein and BAX could play a crucial role in the cell death process of PD where apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition-driven necrosis may coexist.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2020-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41786009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a fivefold higher risk of stroke than persons in sinus rhythm. Effective stroke prevention is achieved with oral anticoagulants such as vitamin K antagonists or nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants. An alternative for stroke prevention in patients with AF is the closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) with a percutaneously applied closure system. The two large randomized studies PROTECT-AF and PREVAIL failed to show superiority of LAA closure over anticoagulation in patients with AF. Meta-analyses of studies and registries, however, suggest that LAA closure has particular advantages with regard to the reduction of severe bleeding complications. Currently, several prospective randomized studies are being conducted in different patient populations to evaluate the benefit of LAA closure in comparison to standard of care. Currently, LAA closure is recommended in patients after intracranial hemorrhage, with advanced renal failure, after severe gastrointestinal bleeding, in patients with a high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and elderly patients with high risk of bleeding and falling.
{"title":"Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation","authors":"H. Diener, U. Landmesser","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a fivefold higher risk of stroke than persons in sinus rhythm. Effective stroke prevention is achieved with oral anticoagulants such as vitamin K antagonists or nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants. An alternative for stroke prevention in patients with AF is the closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA) with a percutaneously applied closure system. The two large randomized studies PROTECT-AF and PREVAIL failed to show superiority of LAA closure over anticoagulation in patients with AF. Meta-analyses of studies and registries, however, suggest that LAA closure has particular advantages with regard to the reduction of severe bleeding complications. Currently, several prospective randomized studies are being conducted in different patient populations to evaluate the benefit of LAA closure in comparison to standard of care. Currently, LAA closure is recommended in patients after intracranial hemorrhage, with advanced renal failure, after severe gastrointestinal bleeding, in patients with a high risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and elderly patients with high risk of bleeding and falling.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2020-0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49077018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What is new about somatosensory evoked potentials as neurological predictors of comatose survivors after cardiac arrest?","authors":"M. Scarpino, G. Lanzo, A. Amantini, A. Grippo","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2020-0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mazdeh, M. Heidari, M. Taheri, S. Ghafouri-Fard
Aim: Sexual dysfunction is common in patients with epilepsy. The aim of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the effect of anticonvulsant drugs on hormonal and sexual function in men with epilepsy. Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with epilepsy were divided into three groups of 23 subjects who received monotherapy with sodium valproate, carbamazepine and levetiracetam, respectively. Findings: At the beginning of the study, sexual function and sexual hormones were comparable between the control group and the patient group (p > 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, patients who received sodium valproate had the weakest sexual function. Conclusion: According to the present findings, levetiracetam appears to be a good choice for sexually active patients compared with other conventional anticonvulsants.
{"title":"Anticonvulsant drugs effects on sex hormone levels and sexual function in men with epilepsy","authors":"M. Mazdeh, M. Heidari, M. Taheri, S. Ghafouri-Fard","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2019-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2019-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Sexual dysfunction is common in patients with epilepsy. The aim of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the effect of anticonvulsant drugs on hormonal and sexual function in men with epilepsy. Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with epilepsy were divided into three groups of 23 subjects who received monotherapy with sodium valproate, carbamazepine and levetiracetam, respectively. Findings: At the beginning of the study, sexual function and sexual hormones were comparable between the control group and the patient group (p > 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, patients who received sodium valproate had the weakest sexual function. Conclusion: According to the present findings, levetiracetam appears to be a good choice for sexually active patients compared with other conventional anticonvulsants.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":"13 1","pages":"7-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2019-0028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44471398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mazdeh, Rihane Mahmudian, S. Vafaei, M. Taheri, S. Ghafouri-Fard
Aim: To investigate the effect of rosuvastatin in combination with propranolol in reducing migraine attacks. Patients & methods: In a clinical trial study with census method, 120 patients with migraine headache were included. Patients were randomly assigned (using block randomization) to either propranolol (10 mg twice a day) with rosuvastatin (10 mg daily; intervention group [n = 60]) or propranolol (10 mg twice a day) with placebo (control [n = 60]). Results: The numbers of attacks were significantly decreased in the intervention group at the end of second, third and fourth weeks from the beginning of the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In patients with migraine, concomitant administration of propranolol (10 mg twice a day) and rosuvastatin (10 mg daily) is effective in reducing migraine attacks.
{"title":"Effect of propranolol with and without rosuvastatin on migraine attacks: a triple blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"M. Mazdeh, Rihane Mahmudian, S. Vafaei, M. Taheri, S. Ghafouri-Fard","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2019-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2019-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the effect of rosuvastatin in combination with propranolol in reducing migraine attacks. Patients & methods: In a clinical trial study with census method, 120 patients with migraine headache were included. Patients were randomly assigned (using block randomization) to either propranolol (10 mg twice a day) with rosuvastatin (10 mg daily; intervention group [n = 60]) or propranolol (10 mg twice a day) with placebo (control [n = 60]). Results: The numbers of attacks were significantly decreased in the intervention group at the end of second, third and fourth weeks from the beginning of the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In patients with migraine, concomitant administration of propranolol (10 mg twice a day) and rosuvastatin (10 mg daily) is effective in reducing migraine attacks.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2019-0029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44165628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Scalise, L. Brechtel, Zach Conn, B. Bailes, Jordan C. Gainey, T. Nathaniel
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of clinical presentations on functional ambulation following thrombolytic therapy. Materials & methods: Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between functional ambulation and thrombolytic therapy. Results & conclusion: In the results, Hispanic ethnicity (odds ratio (OR): 2.808; p = 0.034; 95% CI: 1.08–7.30), high National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (OR: 1.112; p ≤ 0.001; 95% CI: 1.06–1.17), weakness/paresis (OR: 1.796; p = 0.005; 95% CI: 1.19–2.71), Broca’s aphasia (OR: 1.571; p = 0.003; 95% CI = 1.16–2.12) and antihypertensive medication (OR: 1.530; p = 0.034; 95% CI: 1.03–2.26) were associated with an improved ambulation in patients without thrombolytic therapy. In thrombolytic treated patients, Broca’s aphasia was associated with improved functional outcome.
{"title":"Predicting ambulatory recovery in acute ischemic stroke patients with thrombolytic therapy","authors":"M. Scalise, L. Brechtel, Zach Conn, B. Bailes, Jordan C. Gainey, T. Nathaniel","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of clinical presentations on functional ambulation following thrombolytic therapy. Materials & methods: Logistic regression analysis was used to determine associations between functional ambulation and thrombolytic therapy. Results & conclusion: In the results, Hispanic ethnicity (odds ratio (OR): 2.808; p = 0.034; 95% CI: 1.08–7.30), high National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (OR: 1.112; p ≤ 0.001; 95% CI: 1.06–1.17), weakness/paresis (OR: 1.796; p = 0.005; 95% CI: 1.19–2.71), Broca’s aphasia (OR: 1.571; p = 0.003; 95% CI = 1.16–2.12) and antihypertensive medication (OR: 1.530; p = 0.034; 95% CI: 1.03–2.26) were associated with an improved ambulation in patients without thrombolytic therapy. In thrombolytic treated patients, Broca’s aphasia was associated with improved functional outcome.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2020-0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46424731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tate, R. Shugart, Robyn Moraney, L. Brechtel, Brice Blum, Thomas I Nathaniel
Aim: This study investigated the clinical factors associated with functional ambulatory outcomes and gender differences in prestroke depressive patients. Materials & methods: Clinical risk factors associated with improved functional outcomes with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator-treated cohorts were determined using binary logistic regression. Results: In the adjusted analysis, improvement in ambulation was associated with male patients that had higher National Institute of Health stroke scale score (p = 0.04), a stroke history (p = 0.026), lower serum creatinine levels (p = 0.049) and were taking cholesterol reducing medication (p = 0.014). Improvement in females was associated with taking antidepressants (p = 0.027) and having lower National Institute of Health stroke scale score (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Our findings indicate gender disparities between male and female prestroke depressive patients.
{"title":"Gender and functional outcomes in prestroke depressive patients treated with thrombolytic therapy","authors":"M. Tate, R. Shugart, Robyn Moraney, L. Brechtel, Brice Blum, Thomas I Nathaniel","doi":"10.2217/fnl-2019-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/fnl-2019-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study investigated the clinical factors associated with functional ambulatory outcomes and gender differences in prestroke depressive patients. Materials & methods: Clinical risk factors associated with improved functional outcomes with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator-treated cohorts were determined using binary logistic regression. Results: In the adjusted analysis, improvement in ambulation was associated with male patients that had higher National Institute of Health stroke scale score (p = 0.04), a stroke history (p = 0.026), lower serum creatinine levels (p = 0.049) and were taking cholesterol reducing medication (p = 0.014). Improvement in females was associated with taking antidepressants (p = 0.027) and having lower National Institute of Health stroke scale score (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Our findings indicate gender disparities between male and female prestroke depressive patients.","PeriodicalId":12606,"journal":{"name":"Future Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/fnl-2019-0030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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