Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.1.2120
J. Asfahani
Aerial gamma-ray spectrometric technique is used herein to evaluate the radioactive heat production (HP) of Ar-Rassafeh Badyieh Area (Area-2), Syria. The nine already established lithological scored units of Area-2 have been separately characterized for the heat production HP parameter. The Concentration-number (C-N) model and the log-log plots associated with fractal technique are proposed and applied as a new approach to map the measured equivalent uranium (eU), the equivalent thorium (eTh), and potassium (K%) and the computed heat production (HP) of Area-2. The HP of Area-2 varies between a minimum of 0.06 and a maximum of 4.28 ?w/m3 with an average of 0.548 ?w/m3 and a standard deviation of 0.27?w/m3. The highest observed HP values are related to the phosphatic environments represented by two lithological scored units A and B.
{"title":"Radioactive heat production characterization of Ar-Rassafeh Badyieh area (area-2), Syria by using aerial gamma ray spectrometric and fractal modeling techniques","authors":"J. Asfahani","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.1.2120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.1.2120","url":null,"abstract":"Aerial gamma-ray spectrometric technique is used herein to evaluate the radioactive heat production (HP) of Ar-Rassafeh Badyieh Area (Area-2), Syria. The nine already established lithological scored units of Area-2 have been separately characterized for the heat production HP parameter. The Concentration-number (C-N) model and the log-log plots associated with fractal technique are proposed and applied as a new approach to map the measured equivalent uranium (eU), the equivalent thorium (eTh), and potassium (K%) and the computed heat production (HP) of Area-2. The HP of Area-2 varies between a minimum of 0.06 and a maximum of 4.28 ?w/m3 with an average of 0.548 ?w/m3 and a standard deviation of 0.27?w/m3. The highest observed HP values are related to the phosphatic environments represented by two lithological scored units A and B.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45152709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.1.2204
I. Yokoyama
Volcanic calderas, plentiful on the Earth and the moon, have been of much interest to volcanologists because of their large dimensions and extensive volumes of ejecta. Here, we consider the dynamics of caldera-forming by major explosive eruptions, examining how the breakdown of the earth's surface is caused by violent igneous activity. This leads to the definition of “typical explosion caldera”, which is a prototype of several newly-formed calderas in the historical timescale. There are three examples of such calderas: Tambora (Sumbawa), Krakatau (Sunda Straits), and Novarupta (Alaska). Tam- bora Caldera is the best example of a well-documented, recently formed typical explosion caldera, with no significant subsequent eruptions occurring after its formation. The subsurface structure of Tambora Caldera is discussed and compared to the 1883 eruption of Krakatau, the second largest eruption in historical times. Then, contrasting with the typically basaltic “collapse-type” calderas, a “Tambora-caldera type” is defined as a large “explosion-type” caldera, that may reach up to 10 km in diameter. The Tambora- type caldera concept is useful to qualify and understand the structure and components of other major calderas in the world. Fully developed larger explosion calderas such as Aso and Aira Calderas in Kyushu, Japan are discussed and explained as composite calderas based on geophysical data. Those calderas have repeatedly ejected massive pyroclastic products causing their original structures to grow wider than 10 km.
{"title":"The 1815 Tambora eruption: Its significance to the understanding of large-explosion caldera formations","authors":"I. Yokoyama","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.1.2204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.1.2204","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Volcanic calderas, plentiful on the Earth and the moon, have been of much interest to volcanologists because of their large dimensions and extensive volumes of ejecta. Here, we consider the dynamics of caldera-forming by major explosive eruptions, examining how the breakdown of the earth's surface is caused by violent igneous activity. This leads to the definition of “typical explosion caldera”, which is a prototype of several newly-formed calderas in the historical timescale. There are three examples of such calderas: Tambora (Sumbawa), Krakatau (Sunda Straits), and Novarupta (Alaska). Tam- bora Caldera is the best example of a well-documented, recently formed typical explosion caldera, with no significant subsequent eruptions occurring after its formation. The subsurface structure of Tambora Caldera is discussed and compared to the 1883 eruption of Krakatau, the second largest eruption in historical times. Then, contrasting with the typically basaltic “collapse-type” calderas, a “Tambora-caldera type” is defined as a large “explosion-type” caldera, that may reach up to 10 km in diameter. The Tambora- type caldera concept is useful to qualify and understand the structure and components of other major calderas in the world. Fully developed larger explosion calderas such as Aso and Aira Calderas in Kyushu, Japan are discussed and explained as composite calderas based on geophysical data. Those calderas have repeatedly ejected massive pyroclastic products causing their original structures to grow wider than 10 km.\u0000 \u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44940529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2124
V. Zobin
The wind and products of snowfalls and rainfalls touching the ground generate the seismic signals. During the decades, the study of seismic signatures of atmospheric disturbances, cyclones, was based on analysis of the ambient seismic noise in the low-frequency range which allowed identification of cyclones and location of the storm position. The methodology of monitoring of the atmospheric events using the short-period seismic signals recorded by a sensor installed at a height of about 4 km above sea level at the summit of dormant volcano Nevado de Colima is proposed. The methodology includes the indication of the seismic signatures of atmospheric disturbances on the daily helicorder displays of seismic signals with following analysis of waveforms, produced by the impact of rainfalls and snowfalls with the ground surface, and their Fourier spectral characteristics. Then, the reconstruction of the passage of the atmospheric events, based on the power spectral densities of the one-hour seismic records, which is performed mutually with the satellite observations. The methodology was applied to study the passage of hurricane Dora and its preceding tropical storm (June 2017) and the cold front system number 25 (January 2018). There were indicated the periods of actions of tropical storm, hurricane, and two stages of the cold front on the helicorder images. Then the characteristic waveforms for each period were selected. Analysis of the spectral characteristics of these waveforms demonstrated that the rainfalls, occurring during the tropical storm, hurricane and the initial stage of the cold front passage, generated the seismic signals within the frequency range between 1.0-1.8 Hz while the snowfall during the second stage of the cold front passage generated the seismic signals within the frequency range between 2.6 and 3.7 Hz. The reconstruction of dynamics of the passage of the atmospheric events based on the power spectral densities of the one-hour seismic records allowed to see the comparable intensity of tropical storm and hurricane, and two stages of the cold front. These results demonstrate a possibility for monitoring the passage of atmospheric disturbances in real time or to perform the reconstruction the dynamics of these events during past time using the short-period seismic signals recorded at the high heights.
{"title":"Seismic signatures of atmospheric disturbances in the Western Pacific as a tool for reconstruction of their dynamics","authors":"V. Zobin","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2124","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000The wind and products of snowfalls and rainfalls touching the ground generate the seismic signals. During the decades, the study of seismic signatures of atmospheric disturbances, cyclones, was based on analysis of the ambient seismic noise in the low-frequency range which allowed identification of cyclones and location of the storm position. The methodology of monitoring of the atmospheric events using the short-period seismic signals recorded by a sensor installed at a height of about 4 km above sea level at the summit of dormant volcano Nevado de Colima is proposed. The methodology includes the indication of the seismic signatures of atmospheric disturbances on the daily helicorder displays of seismic signals with following analysis of waveforms, produced by the impact of rainfalls and snowfalls with the ground surface, and their Fourier spectral characteristics. Then, the reconstruction of the passage of the atmospheric events, based on the power spectral densities of the one-hour seismic records, which is performed mutually with the satellite observations. The methodology was applied to study the passage of hurricane Dora and its preceding tropical storm (June 2017) and the cold front system number 25 (January 2018). There were indicated the periods of actions of tropical storm, hurricane, and two stages of the cold front on the helicorder images. Then the characteristic waveforms for each period were selected. Analysis of the spectral characteristics of these waveforms demonstrated that the rainfalls, occurring during the tropical storm, hurricane and the initial stage of the cold front passage, generated the seismic signals within the frequency range between 1.0-1.8 Hz while the snowfall during the second stage of the cold front passage generated the seismic signals within the frequency range between 2.6 and 3.7 Hz. The reconstruction of dynamics of the passage of the atmospheric events based on the power spectral densities of the one-hour seismic records allowed to see the comparable intensity of tropical storm and hurricane, and two stages of the cold front. These results demonstrate a possibility for monitoring the passage of atmospheric disturbances in real time or to perform the reconstruction the dynamics of these events during past time using the short-period seismic signals recorded at the high heights. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48881041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2118
Joseline Mena-Negrete, O. Valdiviezo-Mijangos, E. Coconi-Morales, R. Nicolás-López
This work presents an approach to characterize the pore-structure and anisotropy in carbonate samples based on the Effective Medium Method (EMM). It considers a matrix with spheroidal inclusions which induce a transverse anisotropy. The compressional wave (VP), vertical (VSV) and horizontal (VSH) shear wave velocities are estimated taking into account parameters as characteristic length, frequency, angle of wave incidence, aspect ratio, mineralogy, and pore-filling fluid to predict pore shape in carbonates. Ranges of aspect ratios are shown to discriminate different pore types: intercrystalline, intergranular, moldic, and vuggy. The angle of wave incidence is a determinant parameter in the estimation of VP(0º, 45º, 90º), VSV(0º) and VSH(90º) to calculate dynamic anisotropic Young’s modulus (E33) and Poisson’s ratio (v31), as well as the Thomsen parameters, Epsilon, Gamma and Delta for quantification of the anisotropic pore-structure. The obtained results establish that the size, as well as the pore-structure, have a more significant impact on the elastic properties when the porosity takes values greater than 4% for the three frequencies, ultrasonic, sonic, and seismic. This investigation predicts the pore-structure and pore-size to improve characterization and elastic properties modeling of carbonate reservoirs. Validation of results includes porosity measurements and ultrasonic velocity data for different carbonate samples.
{"title":"Micromechanical modeling of ultrasonic velocity for pore-structure and porosity characterization considering anisotropy in carbonate samples","authors":"Joseline Mena-Negrete, O. Valdiviezo-Mijangos, E. Coconi-Morales, R. Nicolás-López","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2118","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an approach to characterize the pore-structure and anisotropy in carbonate samples based on the Effective Medium Method (EMM). It considers a matrix with spheroidal inclusions which induce a transverse anisotropy. The compressional wave (VP), vertical (VSV) and horizontal (VSH) shear wave velocities are estimated taking into account parameters as characteristic length, frequency, angle of wave incidence, aspect ratio, mineralogy, and pore-filling fluid to predict pore shape in carbonates. Ranges of aspect ratios are shown to discriminate different pore types: intercrystalline, intergranular, moldic, and vuggy. The angle of wave incidence is a determinant parameter in the estimation of VP(0º, 45º, 90º), VSV(0º) and VSH(90º) to calculate dynamic anisotropic Young’s modulus (E33) and Poisson’s ratio (v31), as well as the Thomsen parameters, Epsilon, Gamma and Delta for quantification of the anisotropic pore-structure. The obtained results establish that the size, as well as the pore-structure, have a more significant impact on the elastic properties when the porosity takes values greater than 4% for the three frequencies, ultrasonic, sonic, and seismic. This investigation predicts the pore-structure and pore-size to improve characterization and elastic properties modeling of carbonate reservoirs. Validation of results includes porosity measurements and ultrasonic velocity data for different carbonate samples.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48307681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2161
A. Filonov, I. Tereshchenko, L. Ladah, C. Monzón, Jorge Montes-Arrechiga, F. A. Velázquez-Muñoz
In situ coastal oceanographic and meteorological data were collected on the Mexican Tropical Pacific coast near Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico during September 2001 from before and after the passing of Hurricane Juliette. When the leading and trailing edges of the hurricane passed through the study area, wind speeds reached 15 m s-1 and caused a significant deepening of the thermocline, mixing of the upper 40 m of the water column, and a rise in sea level of almost 50 cm at the coast, with effects lasting for about 5 days. A decrease in temperature and an increase in salinity occurred in the upper 20 m, with the opposite occurring below 20 m. Although analyses of open ocean responses to hurricanes are widely available from satellite data, in situ coastal water-column and sea-level data are difficult to acquire, yet crucial to inform coastal flooding models and risk assessment studies. This short data set provides a rare opportunity to explore in situ hurricane effects on this understudied coast.
{"title":"Coastal response to the passage of tropical cyclone Juliette on the Central Pacific Coast of Mexico","authors":"A. Filonov, I. Tereshchenko, L. Ladah, C. Monzón, Jorge Montes-Arrechiga, F. A. Velázquez-Muñoz","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2161","url":null,"abstract":"In situ coastal oceanographic and meteorological data were collected on the Mexican Tropical Pacific coast near Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico during September 2001 from before and after the passing of Hurricane Juliette. When the leading and trailing edges of the hurricane passed through the study area, wind speeds reached 15 m s-1 and caused a significant deepening of the thermocline, mixing of the upper 40 m of the water column, and a rise in sea level of almost 50 cm at the coast, with effects lasting for about 5 days. A decrease in temperature and an increase in salinity occurred in the upper 20 m, with the opposite occurring below 20 m. Although analyses of open ocean responses to hurricanes are widely available from satellite data, in situ coastal water-column and sea-level data are difficult to acquire, yet crucial to inform coastal flooding models and risk assessment studies. This short data set provides a rare opportunity to explore in situ hurricane effects on this understudied coast.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46740132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.1949
H. Alimohammadian, Fereshteh Mahdipour Haskouei, J. Sabouri
Environmental magnetism techniques enable us to reconstruct paleoclimate conditions in some deposition such as losses. The magnetic properties of minerals are used as proxies for environmental changes. For this study, loess/paleosol sequence of Kolet section at Neka, north-east of Iran were magnetically investigated. We applied environmental magnetism methods, to reconstruct paleoclimate changes. We investigated relationship between paleoclimate changes and environmental magnetism proxies like magnetic susceptibility (?) variation. The laboratory techniques indicated the presence of main factor of magnetic property in loess/paleosol sequence, such as magnetite, maghemite and etc. We also estimated magnetically parameters (like SIRM, HIRM and etc.) to confirm concentrations of both aeolian and pedogenic particles versus variations of magnetic susceptibility enhancement. The ? values show prominent peaks for the three well developed soil and paleosol horizons, Recent Soil (S0), Upper Paleosol (S1) and Lower Paleosol (S2); which refer to warmer and wetter conditions. As result, we concluded that the increase/decreasing of magnetic susceptibility is coinciding with palaeosol/loess sequence, and probably with humid/arid conditions. Moreover, variations of magnetic susceptibility versus lithological column of Kolet section enabled us to recognize paleoclimatically periods known as interglacial/glacial cycles. The obtained magnetic data indicate that during over the past 50 ka, there have been at least two glacial/interglacial periods and since last 20 ka, there was no main glaciation occurrence, in the study area.
{"title":"Magnetic parameters and palaeoclimate: A case study of loess deposits of North-East of Iran","authors":"H. Alimohammadian, Fereshteh Mahdipour Haskouei, J. Sabouri","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.1949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.1949","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental magnetism techniques enable us to reconstruct paleoclimate conditions in some deposition such as losses. The magnetic properties of minerals are used as proxies for environmental changes. For this study, loess/paleosol sequence of Kolet section at Neka, north-east of Iran were magnetically investigated. We applied environmental magnetism methods, to reconstruct paleoclimate changes. We investigated relationship between paleoclimate changes and environmental magnetism proxies like magnetic susceptibility (?) variation. The laboratory techniques indicated the presence of main factor of magnetic property in loess/paleosol sequence, such as magnetite, maghemite and etc. We also estimated magnetically parameters (like SIRM, HIRM and etc.) to confirm concentrations of both aeolian and pedogenic particles versus variations of magnetic susceptibility enhancement. The ? values show prominent peaks for the three well developed soil and paleosol horizons, Recent Soil (S0), Upper Paleosol (S1) and Lower Paleosol (S2); which refer to warmer and wetter conditions. As result, we concluded that the increase/decreasing of magnetic susceptibility is coinciding with palaeosol/loess sequence, and probably with humid/arid conditions. Moreover, variations of magnetic susceptibility versus lithological column of Kolet section enabled us to recognize paleoclimatically periods known as interglacial/glacial cycles. The obtained magnetic data indicate that during over the past 50 ka, there have been at least two glacial/interglacial periods and since last 20 ka, there was no main glaciation occurrence, in the study area.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43250373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2119
P. Larocca, M. A. Arecco, M. Mora
This paper analyzes geomagnetic disturbances associated with seismic events in the northern transcurrent margin of the South Sandwich microplate and South American plate, with their epicenter at distances within 350 km from King Edward Point geomagnetic observatory on the archipelago of the Georgias del Sur islands. Geomagnetic field records measured over a one-year period in three observatories of the INTERMAGNET network near the area under study are examined. Anomalous variations in geomagnetic records can be detected within approximately 3 hours before the manifestation of seismic events with a magnitude above 4.4 Mw. Based on the analysis of the differences in horizontal field components among the observatories and the frequency spectrum of the geomagnetic field observations using the wavelet method, oscillations of several nT can be observed before an event, in addition to magnetic peaks with variable amplitude and duration. It is worth noting that, during the period of study, no severe ionospheric effects were recorded as this was a phase of low solar activity (solar cycle 24 minimum). The observation of these potential magnetic precursors suggests that there is a critical preparatory period in a region with geological faults related to the stress generated in the rocks before the built-up energy is released in the hypocenter area, within the lithosphere, which may predict the mechanical motion based on anomalous geomagnetic records.
{"title":"Wavelet-based Characterization of Seismicity and Geomagnetic Disturbances in the South Sandwich Microplate Area","authors":"P. Larocca, M. A. Arecco, M. Mora","doi":"10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2021.60.4.2119","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes geomagnetic disturbances associated with seismic events in the northern transcurrent margin of the South Sandwich microplate and South American plate, with their epicenter at distances within 350 km from King Edward Point geomagnetic observatory on the archipelago of the Georgias del Sur islands. \u0000Geomagnetic field records measured over a one-year period in three observatories of the INTERMAGNET network near the area under study are examined. Anomalous variations in geomagnetic records can be detected within approximately 3 hours before the manifestation of seismic events with a magnitude above 4.4 Mw. \u0000Based on the analysis of the differences in horizontal field components among the observatories and the frequency spectrum of the geomagnetic field observations using the wavelet method, oscillations of several nT can be observed before an event, in addition to magnetic peaks with variable amplitude and duration. \u0000It is worth noting that, during the period of study, no severe ionospheric effects were recorded as this was a phase of low solar activity (solar cycle 24 minimum). \u0000The observation of these potential magnetic precursors suggests that there is a critical preparatory period in a region with geological faults related to the stress generated in the rocks before the built-up energy is released in the hypocenter area, within the lithosphere, which may predict the mechanical motion based on anomalous geomagnetic records.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48498951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.1917
A. K. Gupta, A. Mukhopadhyay, S. Kundu, P. Patra
In the present paper, effect of initial stresses and gravity on the propagation of Love waves has been studied in porous layer surface over a heterogeneous half-space. We have considered two types of boundary on free surfaces: (a) rigid boundary and (b) traction free boundary. The propagation of Love waves has been investigated under assumed media in both the cases of boundary and discusses a comparison study of two cases. The dispersion equations and phase velocities have been obtained in both the cases. The numerical calculations have been done and presented graphically. This study of Love waves in the assumed medium reveals that the presence of initial stress in the half-space and absence of initial stress in the layer, the displacement of phase velocity in rigid boundary is more than the traction free boundary.
{"title":"Love wave in porous layer under initial stress over heterogeneous elastic half-space under gravity and initial stress","authors":"A. K. Gupta, A. Mukhopadhyay, S. Kundu, P. Patra","doi":"10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.1917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.1917","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, effect of initial stresses and gravity on the propagation of Love waves has been studied in porous layer surface over a heterogeneous half-space. We have considered two types of boundary on free surfaces: (a) rigid boundary and (b) traction free boundary. The propagation of Love waves has been investigated under assumed media in both the cases of boundary and discusses a comparison study of two cases. The dispersion equations and phase velocities have been obtained in both the cases. The numerical calculations have been done and presented graphically. This study of Love waves in the assumed medium reveals that the presence of initial stress in the half-space and absence of initial stress in the layer, the displacement of phase velocity in rigid boundary is more than the traction free boundary.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49507582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.2041
Omar Delgado Rodríguez, A. Mousatov, Edgar Kiyoshi Nakamura Labastida, V. Shevnin
There are several surface inspection methods to evaluate the integrity of the pipe coating, obtaining acceptable qualitative results in some soil types and low complexity pipeline systems. However, these methods do not determine the necessary parameters for a quantitative evaluation of coating quality. The Mexican Petroleum Institute has developed Surface Electromagnetic Pipeline Inspection (SEMPI) technology for the quantitative assessment of buried pipeline coating integrity. SEMPI is a theory-based technology that enables the development of instrumentation, field methodology, as well as data processing and interpretation techniques. The application of SEMPI consists of two stages: regional and local. The regional stage includes magnetic field, voltage and, soil resistivity (rs) measurements, where the main result is the determination of the electrical resistance of the coating (Tc) along the pipeline as an indicating parameter of the coating quality. A scale signalized from Tc data allows classifying the quality of pipe coating as good (green), fair (yellow) and poor (red). The local stage includes detailed electric field measurements of on anomalous pipeline sections (Tc < 50 Ohm.m2), locating damage in the coating with a detection accuracy of the ± 0.5 m. The equivalent unlined (holiday) area per meter of the inspected pipeline is calculated during the local stage. This work presents successful results from the implementation of regional and local stages of SEMPI technology in two pipelines located in the southeast region of Mexico.
{"title":"Application of quantitative electromagnetic technology to asses coating integrity of pipelines in México","authors":"Omar Delgado Rodríguez, A. Mousatov, Edgar Kiyoshi Nakamura Labastida, V. Shevnin","doi":"10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.2041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.2041","url":null,"abstract":"There are several surface inspection methods to evaluate the integrity of the pipe coating, obtaining acceptable qualitative results in some soil types and low complexity pipeline systems. However, these methods do not determine the necessary parameters for a quantitative evaluation of coating quality. The Mexican Petroleum Institute has developed Surface Electromagnetic Pipeline Inspection (SEMPI) technology for the quantitative assessment of buried pipeline coating integrity. SEMPI is a theory-based technology that enables the development of instrumentation, field methodology, as well as data processing and interpretation techniques. The application of SEMPI consists of two stages: regional and local. The regional stage includes magnetic field, voltage and, soil resistivity (rs) measurements, where the main result is the determination of the electrical resistance of the coating (Tc) along the pipeline as an indicating parameter of the coating quality. A scale signalized from Tc data allows classifying the quality of pipe coating as good (green), fair (yellow) and poor (red). The local stage includes detailed electric field measurements of on anomalous pipeline sections (Tc < 50 Ohm.m2), locating damage in the coating with a detection accuracy of the ± 0.5 m. The equivalent unlined (holiday) area per meter of the inspected pipeline is calculated during the local stage. This work presents successful results from the implementation of regional and local stages of SEMPI technology in two pipelines located in the southeast region of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42454605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.1920
J. Asfahani
Fractal modeling technique, with adapting the concentration-number (C-N) model and the threshold break points concept is newly proposed to interpret vertical electrical sounding (VES) measurements distributed along a given profile. New semi quantitative approach is consequently proposed to rapidly differentiate between different apparent resistivity populations, where 2D semi quantitative interpretation and a primary geological analysis could be constructed. The new technique is practiced and tested on a case study taken from Khanasser Valley, Northern Syria, where different selected profiles (LP1, LP2, LP3, and TP5) are interpreted. The availability and the feasibility of the proposed approached are confirmed and approved through the different comparisons between the multi fractal established cross sections and the traditional 1D VES interpretation models. It is recommended to routinely use this new proposed fractal approach in the geoelectrical researches for interpreting VES measurements distributed along a given profile.
{"title":"New Semi Quantitative Approach for Interpreting Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Measurements by Using Fractal Modeling Technique, Case Study from Khanasser Valley, Northern Syria","authors":"J. Asfahani","doi":"10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.1920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IGEOF.00167169P.2021.60.3.1920","url":null,"abstract":"Fractal modeling technique, with adapting the concentration-number (C-N) model and the threshold break points concept is newly proposed to interpret vertical electrical sounding (VES) measurements distributed along a given profile. New semi quantitative approach is consequently proposed to rapidly differentiate between different apparent resistivity populations, where 2D semi quantitative interpretation and a primary geological analysis could be constructed. The new technique is practiced and tested on a case study taken from Khanasser Valley, Northern Syria, where different selected profiles (LP1, LP2, LP3, and TP5) are interpreted. The availability and the feasibility of the proposed approached are confirmed and approved through the different comparisons between the multi fractal established cross sections and the traditional 1D VES interpretation models. It is recommended to routinely use this new proposed fractal approach in the geoelectrical researches for interpreting VES measurements distributed along a given profile.","PeriodicalId":12624,"journal":{"name":"Geofisica Internacional","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44365154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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