Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0002
J. Vanderheide
abstract:Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian is prefaced by an epigraph from seventeenth-century German philosopher and theologian Jacob Boehme and the last chapter heading of the novel is a quotation in German that references as many as three other famous figures in German literature, including twentieth-century writer Thomas Mann. This article investigates the significance of this framing of the novel by Germanic writing. With close readings of Mann and Boehme in particular, I argue that what McCarthy takes from these writers is a dualistic or double-voiced aesthetic that allows him to present to the reader the antithetical sides of America's Germanic or Teutonic heritage, allowing them to render their judgment of it. In Blood Meridian, the historical legacy of American Anglo-Saxonism is ostentatiously evident in the narrative of Indigenous genocide, but so too are divergent or opposing aesthetic and theological legacies of German culture. This includes McCarthy's borrowing of Germanic allegorical techniques, which precipitate out of the narrative material a distinct if obscure meaning that permeates the narrative without controlling or containing it. The Germanic element in Blood Meridian thus speaks to some of the most important of the novel's aesthetic, political, and theological concerns.
{"title":"On the Germanic Element in Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian","authors":"J. Vanderheide","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0002","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian is prefaced by an epigraph from seventeenth-century German philosopher and theologian Jacob Boehme and the last chapter heading of the novel is a quotation in German that references as many as three other famous figures in German literature, including twentieth-century writer Thomas Mann. This article investigates the significance of this framing of the novel by Germanic writing. With close readings of Mann and Boehme in particular, I argue that what McCarthy takes from these writers is a dualistic or double-voiced aesthetic that allows him to present to the reader the antithetical sides of America's Germanic or Teutonic heritage, allowing them to render their judgment of it. In Blood Meridian, the historical legacy of American Anglo-Saxonism is ostentatiously evident in the narrative of Indigenous genocide, but so too are divergent or opposing aesthetic and theological legacies of German culture. This includes McCarthy's borrowing of Germanic allegorical techniques, which precipitate out of the narrative material a distinct if obscure meaning that permeates the narrative without controlling or containing it. The Germanic element in Blood Meridian thus speaks to some of the most important of the novel's aesthetic, political, and theological concerns.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126791572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0065
F. Bellini
“The work is everything,” says Ben, the main character of McCarthy's play The Stonemason, summing up his grandfather Papaw's view of the craft of the stonemason as the ground of beauty, justice, and truth. Judging from McCarthy's inclination to indulge in extended descriptions of all sorts of labors and crafts he must, at least in part, agree with his character. As has been noted elsewhere, craftsmanship is a privileged theme in Cormac McCarthy's oeuvre, and the available archival material proves that the author has always been meticulous in gathering information about the crafts he has set himself to describe, undertaking extensive bibliographical research in all technical aspects and at times seeking help from specialist advisers. Relying on some manuscripts and letters held at the Wittliff Collections in San Marcos, Texas, this article investigates the way McCarthy collaborated with two specialist medical advisers, Dr. Oren Ellis and Dr. Barry King, in the writing of a scene of his novel The Crossing. The intention is to provide insight into McCarthy's creative process and to further understand the way descriptions of crafts integrate within his overall poetics in what can be defined as an attempt to oversaturate the representation of reality.
{"title":"Cormac McCarthy's Poetics of Craftsmanship","authors":"F. Bellini","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0065","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 “The work is everything,” says Ben, the main character of McCarthy's play The Stonemason, summing up his grandfather Papaw's view of the craft of the stonemason as the ground of beauty, justice, and truth. Judging from McCarthy's inclination to indulge in extended descriptions of all sorts of labors and crafts he must, at least in part, agree with his character. As has been noted elsewhere, craftsmanship is a privileged theme in Cormac McCarthy's oeuvre, and the available archival material proves that the author has always been meticulous in gathering information about the crafts he has set himself to describe, undertaking extensive bibliographical research in all technical aspects and at times seeking help from specialist advisers. Relying on some manuscripts and letters held at the Wittliff Collections in San Marcos, Texas, this article investigates the way McCarthy collaborated with two specialist medical advisers, Dr. Oren Ellis and Dr. Barry King, in the writing of a scene of his novel The Crossing. The intention is to provide insight into McCarthy's creative process and to further understand the way descriptions of crafts integrate within his overall poetics in what can be defined as an attempt to oversaturate the representation of reality.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128215033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0023
B. Schill
abstract:Overlaying Michel Foucault's early "archaeological" works—The Order of Things, The Archaeology of Knowledge—with Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian reveals remarkable similarities between not only Foucault and the historical and fictional versions of Judge Holden, but McCarthy and Foucault as historiographers of the West's senescence. Building on Michael Lynn Crews's demonstration that McCarthy was reading Foucault during the drafting of his "western," this article posits that McCarthy was also grappling with Foucault's justification and expansion of the neoliberal economics that was then emerging in the West, in the United States in particular, by embedding Foucault's thought (and in some ways the thinker himself) in his novel in a critical way. In so doing, McCarthy one-upped the philosopher, showing readers how Foucault's late economics were problematic both on their own terms and likely contributed to the very "End of Man" that Foucault seemed to be anticipating with glee and that made its way into several of McCarthy's late novels.
{"title":"The Glanton Gang's Michel Foucault","authors":"B. Schill","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0023","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Overlaying Michel Foucault's early \"archaeological\" works—The Order of Things, The Archaeology of Knowledge—with Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian reveals remarkable similarities between not only Foucault and the historical and fictional versions of Judge Holden, but McCarthy and Foucault as historiographers of the West's senescence. Building on Michael Lynn Crews's demonstration that McCarthy was reading Foucault during the drafting of his \"western,\" this article posits that McCarthy was also grappling with Foucault's justification and expansion of the neoliberal economics that was then emerging in the West, in the United States in particular, by embedding Foucault's thought (and in some ways the thinker himself) in his novel in a critical way. In so doing, McCarthy one-upped the philosopher, showing readers how Foucault's late economics were problematic both on their own terms and likely contributed to the very \"End of Man\" that Foucault seemed to be anticipating with glee and that made its way into several of McCarthy's late novels.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"516 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116222230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0044
Trevor A. Jackson
abstract:This article examines the case of modernity (as an enclosing device) and the impact its pervasive epistemological assumptions have on its subjects. In particular, I propose several heavily freighted examples from Cormac McCarthy's Child of God in order to foreground the ways in which the central character Lester Ballard's ideas arise from the social circumstances out of which he comes and from which he takes his cues. To do so, this article first contextualizes modernity and its system of social and official recursiveness where authenticity is compromised before moving to specific scenes from the novel. It examines three incidents of Ballard's actions, including his encounters with and encouragement by the legal system, his performances of hypermasculinity and the endorsement of rape culture, and his voyeurism before returning to the two accusatory quotations where the novel addresses the reader to clarify the position of our social responsibility.
{"title":"A Peculiar High Synthesis: Cormac McCarthy's Child of God and the Community-Created Other","authors":"Trevor A. Jackson","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0044","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article examines the case of modernity (as an enclosing device) and the impact its pervasive epistemological assumptions have on its subjects. In particular, I propose several heavily freighted examples from Cormac McCarthy's Child of God in order to foreground the ways in which the central character Lester Ballard's ideas arise from the social circumstances out of which he comes and from which he takes his cues. To do so, this article first contextualizes modernity and its system of social and official recursiveness where authenticity is compromised before moving to specific scenes from the novel. It examines three incidents of Ballard's actions, including his encounters with and encouragement by the legal system, his performances of hypermasculinity and the endorsement of rape culture, and his voyeurism before returning to the two accusatory quotations where the novel addresses the reader to clarify the position of our social responsibility.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131938373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0078
B. Giemza
{"title":"Cormac McCarthy: A Complexity Theory of Literature","authors":"B. Giemza","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.20.1.0078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"638 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131768817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0138
J. Elmore, Rick Elmore
abstract:Forty years after publication, Suttree remains McCarthy's most enigmatic novel. The one consistent element of what is by now an expansive body of scholarship is an agreement regarding the centrality of the title character. Yet while critics agree Suttree is the key to Suttree, there exists little agreement about the larger message of the novel. Against this confusion, we argue that it is a quest to reconcile his sense of self and understanding of life that drives Suttree's actions throughout the novel, this quest illuminating not only McCarthy's well-documented critique of Western culture but, more importantly, his own alternative conception of life, this alternative an egalitarian vision of society that brings to light the novel's ethical imperative.
{"title":"Life, Unity, and Suffering: The Moral of Cormac McCarthy's Suttree","authors":"J. Elmore, Rick Elmore","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0138","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Forty years after publication, Suttree remains McCarthy's most enigmatic novel. The one consistent element of what is by now an expansive body of scholarship is an agreement regarding the centrality of the title character. Yet while critics agree Suttree is the key to Suttree, there exists little agreement about the larger message of the novel. Against this confusion, we argue that it is a quest to reconcile his sense of self and understanding of life that drives Suttree's actions throughout the novel, this quest illuminating not only McCarthy's well-documented critique of Western culture but, more importantly, his own alternative conception of life, this alternative an egalitarian vision of society that brings to light the novel's ethical imperative.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121352770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0109
D. M. Decoste
abstract:While critics have remarked how The Sunset Limited stresses White's identity as a professor, they have had little to say regarding what this fact and White's suicidal longing reveal concerning McCarthy's view of the contemporary university. This article fills this gap by scrutinizing White's death wish through the lens of the academy's engagement with virtue. Drawing upon John Henry Newman's understanding of the relationship between the university and character formation, as well as traditional formulations of classical and Christian virtues, I show how White's arguments in favor of self-annihilation are grounded in an education lacking any pursuit of virtue of either kind. Representative of the modern academy, White has located all value not in an ethical consideration of how to be a good man in community with others, but in the artistic achievements of humanity; his vocation has concerned itself with aesthetics at the expense of virtue. Divorced especially from the theological virtues, the education White professes darkness by combining intellectual pride with moral skepticism in such a way as to subvert human solidarity, individual purpose, and indeed the project of the university itself.
{"title":"\"A professor of darkness\": Higher Education and the Annihilation of Virtue in Cormac McCarthy's The Sunset Limited","authors":"D. M. Decoste","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0109","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:While critics have remarked how The Sunset Limited stresses White's identity as a professor, they have had little to say regarding what this fact and White's suicidal longing reveal concerning McCarthy's view of the contemporary university. This article fills this gap by scrutinizing White's death wish through the lens of the academy's engagement with virtue. Drawing upon John Henry Newman's understanding of the relationship between the university and character formation, as well as traditional formulations of classical and Christian virtues, I show how White's arguments in favor of self-annihilation are grounded in an education lacking any pursuit of virtue of either kind. Representative of the modern academy, White has located all value not in an ethical consideration of how to be a good man in community with others, but in the artistic achievements of humanity; his vocation has concerned itself with aesthetics at the expense of virtue. Divorced especially from the theological virtues, the education White professes darkness by combining intellectual pride with moral skepticism in such a way as to subvert human solidarity, individual purpose, and indeed the project of the university itself.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121138226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0203
Peter. Josyph
abstract:Peter Josyph considers McCarthy's most recent work, a nonfiction essay titled "The Kekulé Problem" and published in Nautilus in 2017. He reads it as a kind of memoir, "notes of a mental traveller," and more revealing of direct personal experience than any of McCarthy's writing to date. Josyph considers the background of the story about the German chemist Frederich August von Kekulé that's at the heart of the essay and how McCarthy engages with the ideas it presents.
{"title":"A Few Nice Things and a Few Problems with \"The Kekulé Problem\"","authors":"Peter. Josyph","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0203","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Peter Josyph considers McCarthy's most recent work, a nonfiction essay titled \"The Kekulé Problem\" and published in Nautilus in 2017. He reads it as a kind of memoir, \"notes of a mental traveller,\" and more revealing of direct personal experience than any of McCarthy's writing to date. Josyph considers the background of the story about the German chemist Frederich August von Kekulé that's at the heart of the essay and how McCarthy engages with the ideas it presents.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123005155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0178
Sanborn
abstract:Horsemanship as Cormac McCarthy represents it in his novels of the border Southwest is a variable craft—horsemanship contingent upon the particular needs and practices of the horsemen in each work. In Blood Meridian, the scalphunters use horses as tools to aid in killing. In All the Pretty Horses, John Grady Cole's abilities with horses strain credulity as a nearly chimerical communicative experience exists between the working cowboy and his horses. In The Crossing, Billy and Boyd Parham, who are not professional cowboys, use horses as vehicles, and Billy's horsemanship rests upon an emotional bond to the Parham horses, a bond that is based upon his psychological and emotional ties to the horses. In Cities of the Plain, horsemanship returns to the horse as tool for both constructive utility and extermination, while the working cowboys use horses to eradicate a wild dog population in a bloody excursion that mirrors Blood Meridian and All the Pretty Horses. Thus, in Blood Meridian and the Border Trilogy, horsemanship is a gradation shaped by the means and purposes of the riders as well as the historical locus in which the works are set.
{"title":"Reconsidering Horses and Horsemanship in Blood Meridian and the Border Trilogy","authors":"Sanborn","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0178","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Horsemanship as Cormac McCarthy represents it in his novels of the border Southwest is a variable craft—horsemanship contingent upon the particular needs and practices of the horsemen in each work. In Blood Meridian, the scalphunters use horses as tools to aid in killing. In All the Pretty Horses, John Grady Cole's abilities with horses strain credulity as a nearly chimerical communicative experience exists between the working cowboy and his horses. In The Crossing, Billy and Boyd Parham, who are not professional cowboys, use horses as vehicles, and Billy's horsemanship rests upon an emotional bond to the Parham horses, a bond that is based upon his psychological and emotional ties to the horses. In Cities of the Plain, horsemanship returns to the horse as tool for both constructive utility and extermination, while the working cowboys use horses to eradicate a wild dog population in a bloody excursion that mirrors Blood Meridian and All the Pretty Horses. Thus, in Blood Meridian and the Border Trilogy, horsemanship is a gradation shaped by the means and purposes of the riders as well as the historical locus in which the works are set.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126610104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-16DOI: 10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0157
Favero
abstract:This article engages debate on how Cormac McCarthy's novel No Country for Old Men (2005) grapples with what it means to live a life of courage in the face of existential threats by exploring the motives behind key moral choices made by main characters Anton Chigurh and Ed Tom Bell. With support from Paul Tillich's 1952 book The Courage to Be, the article finds that the primary intention behind these characters' choices is to protect themselves against the existential anxiety of self-condemnation. This reading contests notions that Chigurh either has no sense of moral responsibility or aims to evade it, and that Bell's story is one of moral cowardice to the end, concluding that the author's vision meets challenges presented by overwhelming external forces rather than resigning to them. These results may serve future research about self-affirmation in McCarthy's work.
{"title":"\"You don't have to do this\": Cormac McCarthy's No Country for Old Men and the Courage to Be","authors":"Favero","doi":"10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/cormmccaj.19.2.0157","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article engages debate on how Cormac McCarthy's novel No Country for Old Men (2005) grapples with what it means to live a life of courage in the face of existential threats by exploring the motives behind key moral choices made by main characters Anton Chigurh and Ed Tom Bell. With support from Paul Tillich's 1952 book The Courage to Be, the article finds that the primary intention behind these characters' choices is to protect themselves against the existential anxiety of self-condemnation. This reading contests notions that Chigurh either has no sense of moral responsibility or aims to evade it, and that Bell's story is one of moral cowardice to the end, concluding that the author's vision meets challenges presented by overwhelming external forces rather than resigning to them. These results may serve future research about self-affirmation in McCarthy's work.","PeriodicalId":126318,"journal":{"name":"The Cormac McCarthy Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126145900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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