Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062458
M. Al-Badri, P. Pillay
Any measurement process has always its inherent uncertainty due to different error sources. Identifying measurement uncertainties is important to make any measurement results reliable and credible. In this paper, 3 different induction motors were tested for efficiency using the direct method (dynamometer procedure) and a proposed algorithm of estimating full-load efficiency from only one no-load test.
{"title":"Evaluation of measurement uncertainty in induction machines efficiency estimation","authors":"M. Al-Badri, P. Pillay","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062458","url":null,"abstract":"Any measurement process has always its inherent uncertainty due to different error sources. Identifying measurement uncertainties is important to make any measurement results reliable and credible. In this paper, 3 different induction motors were tested for efficiency using the direct method (dynamometer procedure) and a proposed algorithm of estimating full-load efficiency from only one no-load test.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121186899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062407
C. S. Chai, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, M. Izadi, J. Jasni, C. Gomes
The effects of electromagnetic fields(EMF) due to high voltage line on the parallel pipeline are not a common issue nowadays. The EMF will bring up some pipeline problems and safety issues. There are only a few of previous studies about EMF effects consider in the lightning fault parameter and study in term of currents. This means the EMF effect of the transmission line to the pipeline still not completed. A study has been carried out to determine the effect of electromagnetic field in term of voltage and current of the shared corridor between the transmission tower and the pipeline. This study is simulated by using ANSYS Maxwell software. The induced voltage obtained is in the range of 2.6089V to 4.7723V which within the maximum acceptable value (15V) of IEEE 80-2000 standards. The induced current obtained is in the range of 3.1893nA to 61.4640 nA. Besides, mitigation is also discussed.
{"title":"The effect of electromagnetic fields due to hv line on the parallel pipeline","authors":"C. S. Chai, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, M. Izadi, J. Jasni, C. Gomes","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062407","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of electromagnetic fields(EMF) due to high voltage line on the parallel pipeline are not a common issue nowadays. The EMF will bring up some pipeline problems and safety issues. There are only a few of previous studies about EMF effects consider in the lightning fault parameter and study in term of currents. This means the EMF effect of the transmission line to the pipeline still not completed. A study has been carried out to determine the effect of electromagnetic field in term of voltage and current of the shared corridor between the transmission tower and the pipeline. This study is simulated by using ANSYS Maxwell software. The induced voltage obtained is in the range of 2.6089V to 4.7723V which within the maximum acceptable value (15V) of IEEE 80-2000 standards. The induced current obtained is in the range of 3.1893nA to 61.4640 nA. Besides, mitigation is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122471106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062467
A. Syukri Mohamad, N. Mariun
The matrix converter is a forced commutated cycloconverter (FCC), which get a significant attention in the last several years due to the advance in digital and logic devices technology. The main advantage of FCC compared to the naturally commutated cycloconverter (NCC) is that it has only a single stage conversion. While NCC has restricted frequency conversion ability, the matrix converter can possess a wide range of frequency conversion, depending on the switching strategy. Previous known control methods for matrix converters are such as Venturini method, Roy method, PWM method, predictive control, fuzzy logic control and artificial neural network control. This paper will discuss a simple new perspective of the switching strategy for a new control method of a multi-phase to single-phase or 3-phase matrix converter with the ability to change the input frequency into a lower frequency output and also higher frequency output. The new switching strategy then validated using 36-phase to 3-phase matrix converter modeling and simulation in Matlab/Simulink.
{"title":"A simple new control method for matrix converter especially with high number of input phases","authors":"A. Syukri Mohamad, N. Mariun","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062467","url":null,"abstract":"The matrix converter is a forced commutated cycloconverter (FCC), which get a significant attention in the last several years due to the advance in digital and logic devices technology. The main advantage of FCC compared to the naturally commutated cycloconverter (NCC) is that it has only a single stage conversion. While NCC has restricted frequency conversion ability, the matrix converter can possess a wide range of frequency conversion, depending on the switching strategy. Previous known control methods for matrix converters are such as Venturini method, Roy method, PWM method, predictive control, fuzzy logic control and artificial neural network control. This paper will discuss a simple new perspective of the switching strategy for a new control method of a multi-phase to single-phase or 3-phase matrix converter with the ability to change the input frequency into a lower frequency output and also higher frequency output. The new switching strategy then validated using 36-phase to 3-phase matrix converter modeling and simulation in Matlab/Simulink.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125858950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062417
H. Zeynal, Li Hui, Y. Jiazhen, M. Eidiani, B. Azzopardi
In many utilities, it is essential to devise an optimum commitment solution of generating units for better operational efficiency, under empirical conditions. Among the methods reported in the technical literatures, Dynamic Programming (DP), Lagrangian Relaxation (LR), and Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) are the most industry proven algorithms in the line of business. This paper improves the available solution offered in LR technique, which was mainly suffered from high fluctuation of duality gap between the primal and dual solutions. As a remedy, a Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is proposed to optimize the gap progress throughout the LR solution process. Simulation results reiterate that the developed LR-UC integrating CSA enhances the solution quality.
{"title":"Improving Lagrangian Relaxation Unit Commitment with Cuckoo Search Algorithm","authors":"H. Zeynal, Li Hui, Y. Jiazhen, M. Eidiani, B. Azzopardi","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062417","url":null,"abstract":"In many utilities, it is essential to devise an optimum commitment solution of generating units for better operational efficiency, under empirical conditions. Among the methods reported in the technical literatures, Dynamic Programming (DP), Lagrangian Relaxation (LR), and Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) are the most industry proven algorithms in the line of business. This paper improves the available solution offered in LR technique, which was mainly suffered from high fluctuation of duality gap between the primal and dual solutions. As a remedy, a Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is proposed to optimize the gap progress throughout the LR solution process. Simulation results reiterate that the developed LR-UC integrating CSA enhances the solution quality.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116320450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062402
Y. V. Thien, N. Azis, J. Jasni, M. A. Ab. Kadir, R. Yunus, M. T. Ishak, Z. Yaakub
The increasing interests on the Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO) as a potential alternative for dielectric insulating fluid in transformers encourage a number of researches on different aspects of these oils. Among the common areas under study is the lightning breakdown voltage. In this paper, the lightning breakdown voltage of PO and CO is examined. The type of PO used in this study is Refined, Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The testing was carried out under non-uniform electric field using needle-sphere electrodes configuration. The influence of the testing methods, rising-voltage and up-and-down on the breakdown voltages are investigated for both types of oils. It was found that the lightning breakdown voltage performance for some of the RBDPO is comparable to Mineral Oil (MO).
{"title":"Investigation on the lightning breakdown voltage of Palm Oil and Coconut Oil under non-uniform field","authors":"Y. V. Thien, N. Azis, J. Jasni, M. A. Ab. Kadir, R. Yunus, M. T. Ishak, Z. Yaakub","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062402","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing interests on the Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO) as a potential alternative for dielectric insulating fluid in transformers encourage a number of researches on different aspects of these oils. Among the common areas under study is the lightning breakdown voltage. In this paper, the lightning breakdown voltage of PO and CO is examined. The type of PO used in this study is Refined, Bleached and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) Olein. The testing was carried out under non-uniform electric field using needle-sphere electrodes configuration. The influence of the testing methods, rising-voltage and up-and-down on the breakdown voltages are investigated for both types of oils. It was found that the lightning breakdown voltage performance for some of the RBDPO is comparable to Mineral Oil (MO).","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"452 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131937410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062444
Liu Sai Kwong
This paper describes the electromagnetic transient study carried out to calculate the degree of unbalance in existing transmission network in Sarawak. It first discusses the modelling of the transmission grid in PSCAD/EMTDC and the verification of the simulation model against real-time recordings. The paper then provides estimation on the current unbalances in individual circuit and paralleled circuits due to the net through system unbalance and circulating currents based on the positive, negative and zero sequence currents obtained in the simulation. Based on simulation, different phasing arrangements are also assessed to reduce the amount of line unbalance.
{"title":"Evaluating the unbalances in sarawak transmission lines using PSCAD/EMTDC","authors":"Liu Sai Kwong","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062444","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the electromagnetic transient study carried out to calculate the degree of unbalance in existing transmission network in Sarawak. It first discusses the modelling of the transmission grid in PSCAD/EMTDC and the verification of the simulation model against real-time recordings. The paper then provides estimation on the current unbalances in individual circuit and paralleled circuits due to the net through system unbalance and circulating currents based on the positive, negative and zero sequence currents obtained in the simulation. Based on simulation, different phasing arrangements are also assessed to reduce the amount of line unbalance.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131938573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062449
A. Ameen, J. Pasupuleti, T. Khatib
A novel prediction model for the output current of PV module is proposed in this paper. The proposed model is based on cascade-forward back propagation artificial neural network with two inputs and one output. Solar radiation and ambient temperature are the inputs and the predicted current is the output. Experiment data for a 1.4 kWp PV systems installed in Sohar city, Oman are utilized in developing the proposed model. These data has an interval of 2 seconds in order to consider the uncertainty of the system's output current. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the neural network, three statistical values are used namely mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean bias error (MBE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Moreover, the ability of the proposed model to predict performance with high uncertainty rate is validated. The results show that the MAPE, MBE and RMSE of the proposed model are 7.08%, -4.98% and 7.8%, respectively.
{"title":"Sensitivity of artificial neural network based model for photovoltaic system actual performance","authors":"A. Ameen, J. Pasupuleti, T. Khatib","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062449","url":null,"abstract":"A novel prediction model for the output current of PV module is proposed in this paper. The proposed model is based on cascade-forward back propagation artificial neural network with two inputs and one output. Solar radiation and ambient temperature are the inputs and the predicted current is the output. Experiment data for a 1.4 kWp PV systems installed in Sohar city, Oman are utilized in developing the proposed model. These data has an interval of 2 seconds in order to consider the uncertainty of the system's output current. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the neural network, three statistical values are used namely mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean bias error (MBE) and root mean square error (RMSE). Moreover, the ability of the proposed model to predict performance with high uncertainty rate is validated. The results show that the MAPE, MBE and RMSE of the proposed model are 7.08%, -4.98% and 7.8%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129323919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062413
Efrain Bernal Alzate, N. H. Mallick, Jian Xie
The penetration level of both photovoltaic and home automation systems is expected to increase in the short-term future in Germany and their combination will undoubtedly have some effect on the low-voltage grid. This study outlines the development of a high-resolution smart home power demand model taking into account the activity patterns of individuals, based on non-homogeneous Markov chain that are tuned to a German time use survey. The projected change in population size of Germany for the next years with the trends in photovoltaic, some automation system and efficient appliances, in combination with a home energy management algorithm are considered to estimate the future potential impacts of the increasing smart home incursion on the residential load profiles. The results show highly realistic patterns that capture annual and daily variations, load fluctuations and diversity between households as a function of number of persons. It is found that there is a 29.8% decrease in annual energy consumption when the home automation system acts to manage the power consumption of the devices for a current German household and a significant decrease of 70.1% for a future smart home scenario. Besides, the analysis undertaken in this study reveals that relative penetration of smart homes can cause an elevated variation in the daily demand profile up to 56% with respect to the current demand profile pattern.
{"title":"A high-resolution smart home power demand model and future impact on load profile in Germany","authors":"Efrain Bernal Alzate, N. H. Mallick, Jian Xie","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062413","url":null,"abstract":"The penetration level of both photovoltaic and home automation systems is expected to increase in the short-term future in Germany and their combination will undoubtedly have some effect on the low-voltage grid. This study outlines the development of a high-resolution smart home power demand model taking into account the activity patterns of individuals, based on non-homogeneous Markov chain that are tuned to a German time use survey. The projected change in population size of Germany for the next years with the trends in photovoltaic, some automation system and efficient appliances, in combination with a home energy management algorithm are considered to estimate the future potential impacts of the increasing smart home incursion on the residential load profiles. The results show highly realistic patterns that capture annual and daily variations, load fluctuations and diversity between households as a function of number of persons. It is found that there is a 29.8% decrease in annual energy consumption when the home automation system acts to manage the power consumption of the devices for a current German household and a significant decrease of 70.1% for a future smart home scenario. Besides, the analysis undertaken in this study reveals that relative penetration of smart homes can cause an elevated variation in the daily demand profile up to 56% with respect to the current demand profile pattern.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129014139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062410
Muhd Hafizi Bin Idris, S. Hardi, M. Z. Hasan, Y. Yatim, S. Hasan
Faults can occurred at the transmission line due to lightning strike, broken conductor, cross arm or tower falls, danger tree, crane or animal encroachment, polluted insulator etc. Each type of fault will represents a fault resistance value. Fault resistance will affects the accuracy of protection relays in fault location and fault zone detection. Phase to phase fault is one type of unsymmetrical fault at the transmission line. This paper represents the accurate way to calculate the actual phase to phase fault resistance value by using data from both local and remote substations. From the finding, the actual fault resistance can be represented by fault resistance as seen from local substation in parallel with the fault resistance as seen from remote substation. To prove the finding, simulation has been carried out and the results show the validity of the proposed theory.
{"title":"Accurate phase to phase fault resistance calculation using two terminal data","authors":"Muhd Hafizi Bin Idris, S. Hardi, M. Z. Hasan, Y. Yatim, S. Hasan","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062410","url":null,"abstract":"Faults can occurred at the transmission line due to lightning strike, broken conductor, cross arm or tower falls, danger tree, crane or animal encroachment, polluted insulator etc. Each type of fault will represents a fault resistance value. Fault resistance will affects the accuracy of protection relays in fault location and fault zone detection. Phase to phase fault is one type of unsymmetrical fault at the transmission line. This paper represents the accurate way to calculate the actual phase to phase fault resistance value by using data from both local and remote substations. From the finding, the actual fault resistance can be represented by fault resistance as seen from local substation in parallel with the fault resistance as seen from remote substation. To prove the finding, simulation has been carried out and the results show the validity of the proposed theory.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121467241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2014.7062443
D. Mansour
Current limiting behavior of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) depends on the prospective fault current, which in turn depends on fault resistance. Accordingly, this paper introduces a comprehensive study on the effect of fault resistance on the behavior of SFCL in power systems. A model for the system under study and SFCL is developed using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The fault resistance is changed from a very small value (0.5 Ω) to a large value (25 Ω). At each fault resistance, the line currents are obtained with and without using SFCL. It is shown that SFCL effectively reduces prospective fault currents, even at small fault resistances and high fault currents. Furthermore, the percentage limitation is determined as a function of fault resistance. It is demonstrated that SFCL behaves as an adaptive scheme, where its percentage limitation becomes higher at high fault currents. Finally, the current limiting burden of SFCL is evaluated at different fault resistances through the voltage across the SFCL.
{"title":"Effect of fault resistance on the behavior of superconducting fault current limiter in power systems","authors":"D. Mansour","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2014.7062443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2014.7062443","url":null,"abstract":"Current limiting behavior of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) depends on the prospective fault current, which in turn depends on fault resistance. Accordingly, this paper introduces a comprehensive study on the effect of fault resistance on the behavior of SFCL in power systems. A model for the system under study and SFCL is developed using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The fault resistance is changed from a very small value (0.5 Ω) to a large value (25 Ω). At each fault resistance, the line currents are obtained with and without using SFCL. It is shown that SFCL effectively reduces prospective fault currents, even at small fault resistances and high fault currents. Furthermore, the percentage limitation is determined as a function of fault resistance. It is demonstrated that SFCL behaves as an adaptive scheme, where its percentage limitation becomes higher at high fault currents. Finally, the current limiting burden of SFCL is evaluated at different fault resistances through the voltage across the SFCL.","PeriodicalId":126366,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114709007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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