S. A. Hussien, K. Doosh, rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr, Dr. Sari Ali Husein, Hajem Al-Essawi
In the development of a medicinal plant, β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) is essential (Ziziphus spina-christi). The enzyme activity was measured by its ability to hydrolyze the substrate 2-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG). The maximum enzyme activity was at 50 ° C and at pH 5.5. The enzyme's Km and Vmax values were 3.65 mM and 0.18 μmol / min, respectively. HgCl2 and KCN completely inhibit the activities of β-galactosidase (Ziziphus spina-christi). Lactose in milk was reduced by 38.5 and 70 percent by β-galactosidase from (Ziziphus spina-christi), respectively, after 4h incubation. This result showed that the β-galactosidase enzyme in the extract of leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi) can be used for industrial and medical applications.
{"title":"PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Β-GALACTOSIDASE ENZYME IN THE PLANT EXTRACT FROM (ZIZIPHUS SPINA-CHRISTI) AND ITS APPLICATION IN MILK","authors":"S. A. Hussien, K. Doosh, rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr, Dr. Sari Ali Husein, Hajem Al-Essawi","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v2i1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v2i1.20","url":null,"abstract":"In the development of a medicinal plant, β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) is essential (Ziziphus spina-christi). The enzyme activity was measured by its ability to hydrolyze the substrate 2-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG). The maximum enzyme activity was at 50 ° C and at pH 5.5. The enzyme's Km and Vmax values were 3.65 mM and 0.18 μmol / min, respectively. HgCl2 and KCN completely inhibit the activities of β-galactosidase (Ziziphus spina-christi). Lactose in milk was reduced by 38.5 and 70 percent by β-galactosidase from (Ziziphus spina-christi), respectively, after 4h incubation. This result showed that the β-galactosidase enzyme in the extract of leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi) can be used for industrial and medical applications.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121739270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was carried out at the field crops research station of the Agricultural Research Abu-Ghraib during the seasons of 2014, in order to study the general and specific combining abilities, gene action heritability. As well as, the average degree of dominance for yield and its components within the method of the half diallel cross using fixed model, among six inbred lines of maize :(Sy-2, Zm-9, AM-65, ART-A2, ART-C19 and Sy-35) to produce 15 hybrids. Seeds of genotypes (6 inbred lines + 15 hybrids). The results of the genetic analysis showed that there were highly significant differences for mean squares of general and specific combining abilities for all studied traits and the ratio of the variance component of σ2gca to the σ2sca was less than one for all studied traits. The effect of GCA were positive and negative among parents for all studied traits, where the inbred line (Sy-2) was shown a significantly superior in GCA effect for ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and 250-grain weight. The effects of SCA were positive and negative among crosses for all studied traits. The hybrid (Sy-2×ART-2) gave the highest SCA effect for ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and grain yield per plant, while the hybrid (AM-56×ART-2) gave the highest effect for 250-grain weight. The values of non-additive genetic variance (σ2D) were more than that additive genetic variance (σ2A) for all studied traits. The values of the average degree of dominance (ā) were more than one for all studied traits, this indicated over dominance control for these traits.
{"title":"GENETIC ANALYSIS FOR COMBINING ABILITY AND ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS OF YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN MAIZE USING HALF DIALLEL CROSS","authors":"A. H. Suwaid, M. Rashid, M. M. Taha","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.19","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out at the field crops research station of the Agricultural Research Abu-Ghraib during the seasons of 2014, in order to study the general and specific combining abilities, gene action heritability. As well as, the average degree of dominance for yield and its components within the method of the half diallel cross using fixed model, among six inbred lines of maize :(Sy-2, Zm-9, AM-65, ART-A2, ART-C19 and Sy-35) to produce 15 hybrids. Seeds of genotypes (6 inbred lines + 15 hybrids). The results of the genetic analysis showed that there were highly significant differences for mean squares of general and specific combining abilities for all studied traits and the ratio of the variance component of σ2gca to the σ2sca was less than one for all studied traits. The effect of GCA were positive and negative among parents for all studied traits, where the inbred line (Sy-2) was shown a significantly superior in GCA effect for ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and 250-grain weight. The effects of SCA were positive and negative among crosses for all studied traits. The hybrid (Sy-2×ART-2) gave the highest SCA effect for ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and grain yield per plant, while the hybrid (AM-56×ART-2) gave the highest effect for 250-grain weight. The values of non-additive genetic variance (σ2D) were more than that additive genetic variance (σ2A) for all studied traits. The values of the average degree of dominance (ā) were more than one for all studied traits, this indicated over dominance control for these traits.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116229790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. S. Alrseetmiwe, A. A. Almayah, A. Nasser, M. H. Alnussairi, H. A. Zadeh, F. A. Mehrzi
Concentrating on the interferon alpha 2b gene (INF 2b), a protein having antiviral and anticancer properties, could be beneficial therapeutically. It is advised to conduct an experimental examination of the target protein before having it produced on a big scale. The bacterial host is a good option since it allows us to gain a thorough understanding of the topic. The INF-2b sequence used in this study was obtained from the NCBI gene data library, and following optimization, it was cloned and expressed in pET28a+.Escherichia coli was chosen as the prokaryotic expression system for the target protein's initial analysis. Bacterial cells expressing the pET:IFN construct were IPTG-induced to produce the protein, which was then resolved using SDS-PAGE. During gel separation, the studied protein's anticipated size of roughly 24 kDa was seen. IFN 2b was successfully expressed, according to further evaluation by western blotting.
{"title":"ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAIN BL21: CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF AN OPTIMIZED INTERFERON ALPHA 2B (DE3)","authors":"D. S. Alrseetmiwe, A. A. Almayah, A. Nasser, M. H. Alnussairi, H. A. Zadeh, F. A. Mehrzi","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.15","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrating on the interferon alpha 2b gene (INF 2b), a protein having antiviral and anticancer properties, could be beneficial therapeutically. It is advised to conduct an experimental examination of the target protein before having it produced on a big scale. The bacterial host is a good option since it allows us to gain a thorough understanding of the topic. The INF-2b sequence used in this study was obtained from the NCBI gene data library, and following optimization, it was cloned and expressed in pET28a+.Escherichia coli was chosen as the prokaryotic expression system for the target protein's initial analysis. Bacterial cells expressing the pET:IFN construct were IPTG-induced to produce the protein, which was then resolved using SDS-PAGE. During gel separation, the studied protein's anticipated size of roughly 24 kDa was seen. IFN 2b was successfully expressed, according to further evaluation by western blotting.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131315332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study was designed to assess the microbial safety status of rice dishes offered for sale at various local and branded restaurants. Purposely, 30 samples of rice dishes were collected from 16 local and 14 branded restaurants of Baghdad city for two seasons, summer and winter. All the collected samples were subjected to microbiological examination to determine the prevalence and comparative enumeration of: total count, Bacillus cereus, coliform and forming spores in rice. Results pertaining to the enumeration of: total count, Bacillus cereus, coliform and spores forming bacteria exhibited highest count Logarithmic: for summer from collected from: branded restaurants F.S (5.81), and local restaurants coliform (7.82). And winter from collected from: branded restaurants T.C (7.81), and local restaurants coliform (4.44). Highest count observed Bacillus cereus in branded restaurants, and coliform in local restaurants. Further, the results of current study revealed that 42% of rice samples collected from local restaurants and 58% from branded restaurants have unsatisfactory safety status for B. cereus. 38% of rice samples collected from local restaurants and 62% from branded restaurants have unsatisfactory safety status for forming spores. Similarly, for coliform 63 and 42% samples were found unsatisfactory from local and branded restaurants, respectively.
{"title":"A SURVEY STUDY TO ISOLATE SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA FOR COOKED RICE AT BAGHDAD CITY","authors":"N. A. Handhal, A. S. Ahmaed","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was designed to assess the microbial safety status of rice dishes offered for sale at various local and branded restaurants. Purposely, 30 samples of rice dishes were collected from 16 local and 14 branded restaurants of Baghdad city for two seasons, summer and winter. All the collected samples were subjected to microbiological examination to determine the prevalence and comparative enumeration of: total count, Bacillus cereus, coliform and forming spores in rice. Results pertaining to the enumeration of: total count, Bacillus cereus, coliform and spores forming bacteria exhibited highest count Logarithmic: for summer from collected from: branded restaurants F.S (5.81), and local restaurants coliform (7.82). And winter from collected from: branded restaurants T.C (7.81), and local restaurants coliform (4.44). Highest count observed Bacillus cereus in branded restaurants, and coliform in local restaurants. Further, the results of current study revealed that 42% of rice samples collected from local restaurants and 58% from branded restaurants have unsatisfactory safety status for B. cereus. 38% of rice samples collected from local restaurants and 62% from branded restaurants have unsatisfactory safety status for forming spores. Similarly, for coliform 63 and 42% samples were found unsatisfactory from local and branded restaurants, respectively.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121596773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted in the poplar field belonging to Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul in the autumn season 2018-2019, where it was found that the leaves of the Euphrates poplar have more than one type of insect that infects the leaves, including Egerirotriaza ceardi (Berg.) (Psyllidae, Homoptera) poplar leaves, this was evidenced by the symptoms of the infection it causes, which are spotting and galls. The highest infection was recorded in the first week of January 2019, with an average of (70.71) symptoms reported, and the highest average infection was recorded on the eastern side with an average of (41.23) symptoms, although the study showed the highest average of the spots resulting from the infection reached (95.33) spot recorded in the first week of January 2019, on the upper and lower surface of leaves on the western side of the tree, while the highest average of (26.33) galls was recorded on the upper surface of the leaf from the southern side in the last week of January 2019, on the upper and lower surface of the leaves and on the western side of the tree, while the highest average of (26.33) galls was recorded on the upper surface of the leaf from the southern side in the last week of January 2019, where the study showed that there is a negative significant correlation between the temperatures of that autumn season with The insect numerical density (-0.747) at a significant level (p<.0001), This is due to the low temperatures for the period from 4/12/2018 to 23/1/2019, which ranged between (13.8 - 7.11 ° C), while the relative humidity averages did not have a significant correlation with the insect's numerical density, which ranged between (51.43 - 61.14%) As for the second insect, it was an insect the poplar leaves aphid Chaitophorus sp. (Aphidae; Homoptera). As the highest average density of an insect reached (48) insects on the lower surface of leaves from the northern side in the first week of December, 2018 ,where the correlation of the density of aphids with positive mean temperatures was high (0.841) at a significant level of 0.001 and negative with mean relative humidity (-0.41), As for the third insect, the Gypsonoma hapalosarea (Tortricidae Lepidoptera) was the highest average (1.0) one in the second week of December 2019 on the northern side of the insect and the total of the insect bond is (22) insect for the autumn season. From the northern side with 7 insects, and that the first week of January recorded the highest infection (7) insects also.
{"title":"SEASONAL MONUMENTAL INSECTS ACCOMPANYING EUPHRATES POPLAR LEAVES","authors":"W. A. yehya","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i2.17","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in the poplar field belonging to Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul in the autumn season 2018-2019, where it was found that the leaves of the Euphrates poplar have more than one type of insect that infects the leaves, including Egerirotriaza ceardi (Berg.) (Psyllidae, Homoptera) poplar leaves, this was evidenced by the symptoms of the infection it causes, which are spotting and galls. The highest infection was recorded in the first week of January 2019, with an average of (70.71) symptoms reported, and the highest average infection was recorded on the eastern side with an average of (41.23) symptoms, although the study showed the highest average of the spots resulting from the infection reached (95.33) spot recorded in the first week of January 2019, on the upper and lower surface of leaves on the western side of the tree, while the highest average of (26.33) galls was recorded on the upper surface of the leaf from the southern side in the last week of January 2019, on the upper and lower surface of the leaves and on the western side of the tree, while the highest average of (26.33) galls was recorded on the upper surface of the leaf from the southern side in the last week of January 2019, where the study showed that there is a negative significant correlation between the temperatures of that autumn season with The insect numerical density (-0.747) at a significant level (p<.0001), This is due to the low temperatures for the period from 4/12/2018 to 23/1/2019, which ranged between (13.8 - 7.11 ° C), while the relative humidity averages did not have a significant correlation with the insect's numerical density, which ranged between (51.43 - 61.14%) As for the second insect, it was an insect the poplar leaves aphid Chaitophorus sp. (Aphidae; Homoptera). As the highest average density of an insect reached (48) insects on the lower surface of leaves from the northern side in the first week of December, 2018 ,where the correlation of the density of aphids with positive mean temperatures was high (0.841) at a significant level of 0.001 and negative with mean relative humidity (-0.41), As for the third insect, the Gypsonoma hapalosarea (Tortricidae Lepidoptera) was the highest average (1.0) one in the second week of December 2019 on the northern side of the insect and the total of the insect bond is (22) insect for the autumn season. From the northern side with 7 insects, and that the first week of January recorded the highest infection (7) insects also.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"22 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122442822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out by Kufa university to determine the activation of Eruca sativa (jar jeer) seeds powder on some hormones and blood parameters of waste lambs.The fifteen awassi lambs at aged 4-4.5 year and average weighed of (33.04)Kg were fed traditional ration and randomly divided into three groups.The first group fed traditional ration without additions as control group, second and third groups fed normal diet with 40 or 80 gm/kg of body weight of eruca sativa seeds powder ,the lambs fed with Eruca sativa seeds shows significant decrease of anti-mullerian hormone, significant increase of testosterone hormone .There was significant increase in ALP alkaline phosphatase in lamb fed on diet with E.sativa seed powder as compared with control ,there was no significant differences in levels ofAST, ALT enzymes in second and third treatments
{"title":"EFFECT OF ERUCA SATIVA SEEDS POWDER AS FEED SUPPLEMENTATION ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF MALE LAMBS","authors":"A. M. Ajeel, L. A. Mehdi","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out by Kufa university to determine the activation of Eruca sativa (jar jeer) seeds powder on some hormones and blood parameters of waste lambs.The fifteen awassi lambs at aged 4-4.5 year and average weighed of (33.04)Kg were fed traditional ration and randomly divided into three groups.The first group fed traditional ration without additions as control group, second and third groups fed normal diet with 40 or 80 gm/kg of body weight of eruca sativa seeds powder ,the lambs fed with Eruca sativa seeds shows significant decrease of anti-mullerian hormone, significant increase of testosterone hormone .There was significant increase in ALP alkaline phosphatase in lamb fed on diet with E.sativa seed powder as compared with control ,there was no significant differences in levels ofAST, ALT enzymes in second and third treatments","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121769343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Z. Al-Fayyadh, A. Hasson, A. Hussein, R. K. Hassan
A field experiment conducted in 2018-2019 in the Nile district Iraq according split split plot. The varieties as main treatment (Baghdad 2 and Sham 6), spraying dates (elongation stage, endothelium stage and flowering stage) sub treatment while the humic acid concentrations occupied (3,1.5,0 cm3. L-1) as sub treatment. The differences were significant between different treatments. The variety Baghdad 2 was significantly superior in traits, plant height, number of branches, spikes, grains per spike and. weight of grain. The total yield of grains was 9.13 ton. ha -1. The spraying dates showed significant differences, as the spraying at flowering stage was better in most characteristics, area of the flag leaf, spike length, number of grains/ pike-, weight of grain.gm, and total yield Spray at the endometrium stage resulted in maximum height, spike, while spray at the highest value in the variety number of beaches reached 434.79 beach.m2, the number of spikes.m2 380.21 spike.m2. The humic acid concentrations showed a significant difference. The humic acid as the resulted in maximum plant height, area of flag, number of tillersperm2, spike length, number of spikes per m2, the number of grains per spike, weight of 1000grain and the total yield of grains. The interaction between the varieties and the spraying dates C and S, the combination C2 + S3 was superior to the size of the flag leaf area cm2, weight 1000grain.gm and the total yield of grains ton. ha-1. 36.74 cm2, 8.60cm, 37.83 g, 9.97 ton. ha-1. While the combination C2 + S3 outperformed the area of the flag leaf and gave an average of 36.74 cm2 and the combination C2 + S1 outperformed the number of spikes.m2, and gave the highest average of 382.18 spike. m2, while the combination C1 + S3 only outperformed the number of grains and gave the highest average of 65.72grain. Spike -1 The results of the bilateral interaction between the varieties and the fertilizer spraying concentrations C + F indicated the presence of a significant effect among the combinations, as the combination C2 + F3 was superior to the plant height of 106.56 cm, number of spikes.m2 381.22, weight of 1000grain, 37.69 gm, and the total grain yield ton. ha-1 9.40 ton. ha-1. C1 + F3 combination outperformed the spike length. Cm and it gave 8.97 and the results of the research showed that there were significant differences for the bilateral interaction between appointment and concentration S + F, and the combination S3 + F3 was superior in the following characteristics to the number of grains. Spike -1 weight 1000grain. The total grain yield is 67.90grain. spike-1 and 37.32 gm, 9.60 ton. ha-1. The combination S2 + F3 excelled in the height of the plant only and gave 105.20 cm.
{"title":"EFFECT OF HUMIC ACID SPRAY ON GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT VARIETIES","authors":"D. Z. Al-Fayyadh, A. Hasson, A. Hussein, R. K. Hassan","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.12","url":null,"abstract":" A field experiment conducted in 2018-2019 in the Nile district Iraq according split split plot. The varieties as main treatment (Baghdad 2 and Sham 6), spraying dates (elongation stage, endothelium stage and flowering stage) sub treatment while the humic acid concentrations occupied (3,1.5,0 cm3. L-1) as sub treatment. The differences were significant between different treatments. The variety Baghdad 2 was significantly superior in traits, plant height, number of branches, spikes, grains per spike and. weight of grain. The total yield of grains was 9.13 ton. ha -1. The spraying dates showed significant differences, as the spraying at flowering stage was better in most characteristics, area of the flag leaf, spike length, number of grains/ pike-, weight of grain.gm, and total yield Spray at the endometrium stage resulted in maximum height, spike, while spray at the highest value in the variety number of beaches reached 434.79 beach.m2, the number of spikes.m2 380.21 spike.m2. The humic acid concentrations showed a significant difference. The humic acid as the resulted in maximum plant height, area of flag, number of tillersperm2, spike length, number of spikes per m2, the number of grains per spike, weight of 1000grain and the total yield of grains. The interaction between the varieties and the spraying dates C and S, the combination C2 + S3 was superior to the size of the flag leaf area cm2, weight 1000grain.gm and the total yield of grains ton. ha-1. 36.74 cm2, 8.60cm, 37.83 g, 9.97 ton. ha-1. While the combination C2 + S3 outperformed the area of the flag leaf and gave an average of 36.74 cm2 and the combination C2 + S1 outperformed the number of spikes.m2, and gave the highest average of 382.18 spike. m2, while the combination C1 + S3 only outperformed the number of grains and gave the highest average of 65.72grain. Spike -1 The results of the bilateral interaction between the varieties and the fertilizer spraying concentrations C + F indicated the presence of a significant effect among the combinations, as the combination C2 + F3 was superior to the plant height of 106.56 cm, number of spikes.m2 381.22, weight of 1000grain, 37.69 gm, and the total grain yield ton. ha-1 9.40 ton. ha-1. C1 + F3 combination outperformed the spike length. Cm and it gave 8.97 and the results of the research showed that there were significant differences for the bilateral interaction between appointment and concentration S + F, and the combination S3 + F3 was superior in the following characteristics to the number of grains. Spike -1 weight 1000grain. The total grain yield is 67.90grain. spike-1 and 37.32 gm, 9.60 ton. ha-1. The combination S2 + F3 excelled in the height of the plant only and gave 105.20 cm.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133136896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was carried out using local organic waste to develop Ganoderma lucidum mushroom, and assessing the physical and chemical changes occurring on the organic waste after the end of the mushroom cycle, and comparing it with the changes that occur to the organic waste after the composting process. The results of substrates properties ready for inoculation showed that the highest pH value was achieved at a rate of 6.93 with the A substrate (80% oak sawdust + 20% wheat bran) and that the highest moisture content of the substrates was achieved with the B substrate (80% palm trunk sawdust + 20% wheat bran) at a rate of 67.36%. The results showed that the highest production was achieved at a rate of 66.25 g / kg with the substrates B and decreased significantly (P> 0.05), and the lowest production was 18.03 g / kg with the substrates C (80% reeds straw + 20% wheat bran). The comparison results of the change in the physical and chemical properties of organic wastes after cultivation and after the composting showed an increased the rate of loss significantly in the dry matter after the composting process, and achieved at a rate of 39, 43.2 and 44.7% with palm trunk sawdust, reeds straw, cogon straw respectively. Whereas, the percentage of loss after the end of the yield cycle reached (28.71, 23.5 and 23.45%) with the substrate of palm trunk sawdust, reed straw, cogon straw, respectively. Conversely, the comparison results showed that the percentage of decrease in the carbon to nitrogen ratio increased significantly in the palm trunk sawdust after cultivation, and was achieved at a rate of 30.1%, while it reached a rate of 21.63% after the composting.
本研究利用当地有机废弃物培育灵芝菇，评估了灵芝菇循环结束后有机废弃物的理化变化，并与堆肥过程后有机废弃物的变化进行了比较。接种准备底物性能试验结果表明，a底物(80%橡木木屑+ 20%麦麸)pH值最高，为6.93;B底物(80%棕榈干木屑+ 20%麦麸)含水率最高，为67.36%。结果表明:饲粮B产量最高，为66.25 g / kg，且显著降低(P> 0.05);饲粮C(80%芦苇秸秆+ 20%麦麸)产量最低，为18.03 g / kg;有机废弃物栽培后与堆肥后理化性质变化的对比结果表明，堆肥后干物质损失率显著增加，棕榈干木屑、芦苇秸秆、玉米秸秆的损失率分别为39.2%、43.2%和44.7%。而以棕榈干木屑、芦苇秸秆、谷草秸秆为基质，产量周期结束后的损失率分别为28.71%、23.5%和23.45%。相反，对比结果表明，棕榈干木屑经栽培后碳氮比下降的百分比显著增加，达到30.1%，而堆肥后达到21.63%。
{"title":"COMPARISON OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES IN LOCAL ORGANIC WASTE AFTER CULTIVATION OF THE GANODERMA LUCIDUM MUSHROOM AND COMPOSTING BY COMMON METHODS","authors":"K. H. Ohmayed, M. M. Sharqi, H. Rashid","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out using local organic waste to develop Ganoderma lucidum mushroom, and assessing the physical and chemical changes occurring on the organic waste after the end of the mushroom cycle, and comparing it with the changes that occur to the organic waste after the composting process. The results of substrates properties ready for inoculation showed that the highest pH value was achieved at a rate of 6.93 with the A substrate (80% oak sawdust + 20% wheat bran) and that the highest moisture content of the substrates was achieved with the B substrate (80% palm trunk sawdust + 20% wheat bran) at a rate of 67.36%. The results showed that the highest production was achieved at a rate of 66.25 g / kg with the substrates B and decreased significantly (P> 0.05), and the lowest production was 18.03 g / kg with the substrates C (80% reeds straw + 20% wheat bran). The comparison results of the change in the physical and chemical properties of organic wastes after cultivation and after the composting showed an increased the rate of loss significantly in the dry matter after the composting process, and achieved at a rate of 39, 43.2 and 44.7% with palm trunk sawdust, reeds straw, cogon straw respectively. Whereas, the percentage of loss after the end of the yield cycle reached (28.71, 23.5 and 23.45%) with the substrate of palm trunk sawdust, reed straw, cogon straw, respectively. Conversely, the comparison results showed that the percentage of decrease in the carbon to nitrogen ratio increased significantly in the palm trunk sawdust after cultivation, and was achieved at a rate of 30.1%, while it reached a rate of 21.63% after the composting.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114593166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
field experiment was conducted in Anbar province during spring in gypsiferous soil to determine the effects of Perlite levels (PL), quantity and intervals of irrigation (IQ & IT) on the growth and yield of potato. PLs were 0, 4, and 8% depends on soil volume to 30cm depth. IQ levels were, 100 and 50 % of NDI (net depth of irrigation) with two ITs 3 and 6 days. Split-split block design was used within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replicates. Potatoes were cultivated. Irrigation was scheduled depending on evaporation pan class A. The studied traits were plant height (PLH), plant dry weight (PLDW), plant leaf area (PLA), main aerial stems number (MASN) and total yield (YT). The highest value of PLH was 67.17 cm for 8% PL, 3 days ITs, and 100% (NDI) depth. For the same PL (8%) with 6 days ITs and 50% of NDI the plant dry weight (PLDW) was decreased by 15.69% compared to 3 days IT and 100% of NDI. The highest YT of 29 tons.ha-1 was achieved at IT of 3 days and level of 100% of NDI compared to 19.5 tons.ha-1 at irrigation every 6 days IT and 50% of NDI.
{"title":"ROLE OF PERLITE QUANTITY AND INTERVALS OF IRRIGATION ON POTATOES (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) GROWN IN GYPSIFEROUS SOIL","authors":"W. F. A. AL Shamary, B. H. Alkhateb, E. Abdel","doi":"10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59807/jlsar.v1i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"field experiment was conducted in Anbar province during spring in gypsiferous soil to determine the effects of Perlite levels (PL), quantity and intervals of irrigation (IQ & IT) on the growth and yield of potato. PLs were 0, 4, and 8% depends on soil volume to 30cm depth. IQ levels were, 100 and 50 % of NDI (net depth of irrigation) with two ITs 3 and 6 days. Split-split block design was used within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replicates. Potatoes were cultivated. Irrigation was scheduled depending on evaporation pan class A. The studied traits were plant height (PLH), plant dry weight (PLDW), plant leaf area (PLA), main aerial stems number (MASN) and total yield (YT). The highest value of PLH was 67.17 cm for 8% PL, 3 days ITs, and 100% (NDI) depth. For the same PL (8%) with 6 days ITs and 50% of NDI the plant dry weight (PLDW) was decreased by 15.69% compared to 3 days IT and 100% of NDI. The highest YT of 29 tons.ha-1 was achieved at IT of 3 days and level of 100% of NDI compared to 19.5 tons.ha-1 at irrigation every 6 days IT and 50% of NDI.","PeriodicalId":126839,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Life Science and Applied Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130879612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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