Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0007
Johannes Erritzře
Abstract It has long been known that male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) with a large bib dominate other sparrows with smaller bibs. Also during the breeding season females prefer males with large badges, as the bib is also called, even though these males show more sexual interest in other females than males with smaller bibs (Møller 1987). But why do females prefer an unfaithful partner? Is it because of his large bib, or is the answer more complex?
{"title":"What A Sparrow Bib Can Reveal","authors":"Johannes Erritzře","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It has long been known that male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) with a large bib dominate other sparrows with smaller bibs. Also during the breeding season females prefer males with large badges, as the bib is also called, even though these males show more sexual interest in other females than males with smaller bibs (Møller 1987). But why do females prefer an unfaithful partner? Is it because of his large bib, or is the answer more complex?","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115952091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1515/ISSPAR-2015-0005
P. Szymański
{"title":"Nesting of Tree Sparrow Passer Montanus in the Nest of Common Buzzard Buteo Buteo","authors":"P. Szymański","doi":"10.1515/ISSPAR-2015-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ISSPAR-2015-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124760373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0003
F. Mónus, Z. Barta
Abstract Despite the fact that the tree sparrow is often the object of behavioural studies and is a well-investigated species, no specific investigations were performed on the seasonal and daily pattern of the changes in flock size. Several observations suggest clear seasonal and daily periodicity of social organisation, and in connection with these changes, a similar periodicity in flock sizes. In this paper we present the results of a three-year observational study on the flock sizes of a suburban tree sparrow population. Our investigation resulted in statistical evidence for seasonal and daily periodic changes in the social organisation of the species. In the breeding season and in the mornings tree sparrows form smaller flocks than outside the breeding season and in the afternoons. Our results are consistent with the previous, non-systematic observations.
{"title":"Seasonality and Sociality in Tree Sparrows Passer Montanus","authors":"F. Mónus, Z. Barta","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the fact that the tree sparrow is often the object of behavioural studies and is a well-investigated species, no specific investigations were performed on the seasonal and daily pattern of the changes in flock size. Several observations suggest clear seasonal and daily periodicity of social organisation, and in connection with these changes, a similar periodicity in flock sizes. In this paper we present the results of a three-year observational study on the flock sizes of a suburban tree sparrow population. Our investigation resulted in statistical evidence for seasonal and daily periodic changes in the social organisation of the species. In the breeding season and in the mornings tree sparrows form smaller flocks than outside the breeding season and in the afternoons. Our results are consistent with the previous, non-systematic observations.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0002
M. Lombardo, P. Thorpe, Sheila Colpetzer
Abstract Black beak color in male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) is a secondary sexual characteristic whose expression is directly correlated with testosterone levels. To experimentally determine if social environment affects black beak color and by implication testosterone levels, we housed wild-caught male sparrows either individually (n = 10), “Solo” males, or in the company of two other males (n = 4 “Group”s of 3 males), “Group” males, from 26 May – 7 July 2006. We predicted that “Solo” males would lose beak color faster than would “Group” males. We used digital images to monitor beak color once a week starting on 26 May. Beak blackness decreased more quickly and to a greater degree in “Solo” than in “Group” males. These results show that social environment in captivity affected beak color and suggest that male House Sparrows may require physical interactions to maintain breeding season levels of testosterone.
{"title":"Social Environment Affects Beak Color in Captive Male House Sparrows Passer Domesticus","authors":"M. Lombardo, P. Thorpe, Sheila Colpetzer","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Black beak color in male House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) is a secondary sexual characteristic whose expression is directly correlated with testosterone levels. To experimentally determine if social environment affects black beak color and by implication testosterone levels, we housed wild-caught male sparrows either individually (n = 10), “Solo” males, or in the company of two other males (n = 4 “Group”s of 3 males), “Group” males, from 26 May – 7 July 2006. We predicted that “Solo” males would lose beak color faster than would “Group” males. We used digital images to monitor beak color once a week starting on 26 May. Beak blackness decreased more quickly and to a greater degree in “Solo” than in “Group” males. These results show that social environment in captivity affected beak color and suggest that male House Sparrows may require physical interactions to maintain breeding season levels of testosterone.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122163463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0023
P. Czechowski, M. Bocheński, Olaf Ciebiera
Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the number and distribution of breeding Jackdaws Corvus monedula in different urban habitat types in Zielona Góra in 2012 and to compare the results with those from a 2004 survey. On the seven study areas, the highest density was recorded in Park Tysiąclecia with 6.0 pairs per 10 ha, followed by the plot Słoneczne with 3.5, the Old Town with 1.0 and the plot Winnica with 0.4. On the plots Zacisze, Chynów and Industrial Zone, foraging Jackdaws were noted but we did not find any indication for breeding. From 2004 to 2012, the number of Jackdaws declined on the plots Słoneczne and Old Town. On the plot Winnica the number of breeding pairs remained the same. In Park Tysiąclecia Jackdaws increased from two pairs in 2004 to six pairs in 2012. This increase may have been caused by the settlement of birds formerly breeding in the Old Town where numbers were declining, probably due to the loss of suitable nest sites. The most likely causes for the overall decrease of Jackdaw numbers in Zielona Góra include renovation, modernisation and thermal insulation of buildings in the Old Town and in housing estates, leading to a decline in space available for nesting. Other significant factors are the lack of food sources in the city centre and an increasing degree of urbanisation. Furthermore, the city is surrounded by dense pine monoculture which undoubtedly has a negative influence on the number of Jackdaws.
{"title":"Decline Of Jackdaws Corvus Monedula In The City Of Zielona Góra","authors":"P. Czechowski, M. Bocheński, Olaf Ciebiera","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the number and distribution of breeding Jackdaws Corvus monedula in different urban habitat types in Zielona Góra in 2012 and to compare the results with those from a 2004 survey. On the seven study areas, the highest density was recorded in Park Tysiąclecia with 6.0 pairs per 10 ha, followed by the plot Słoneczne with 3.5, the Old Town with 1.0 and the plot Winnica with 0.4. On the plots Zacisze, Chynów and Industrial Zone, foraging Jackdaws were noted but we did not find any indication for breeding. From 2004 to 2012, the number of Jackdaws declined on the plots Słoneczne and Old Town. On the plot Winnica the number of breeding pairs remained the same. In Park Tysiąclecia Jackdaws increased from two pairs in 2004 to six pairs in 2012. This increase may have been caused by the settlement of birds formerly breeding in the Old Town where numbers were declining, probably due to the loss of suitable nest sites. The most likely causes for the overall decrease of Jackdaw numbers in Zielona Góra include renovation, modernisation and thermal insulation of buildings in the Old Town and in housing estates, leading to a decline in space available for nesting. Other significant factors are the lack of food sources in the city centre and an increasing degree of urbanisation. Furthermore, the city is surrounded by dense pine monoculture which undoubtedly has a negative influence on the number of Jackdaws.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"33 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131550748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0008
G. Kopij
Abstract Studies were conducted from 1998-2002 in the Moloti/Drakensberg area, Lesotho, southern Africa. A total of 155 nesting sites of the Cape Waever and 75 nesting sites of the Southern Masked Weaver were found. Almost all nesting sites of both weaver species were situated along river courses vegetated with willows, poplars and other tree species. They often nested in sympatry. Although most nesting sites of both Cape and Southern Masked Weaver were located in the indigenous Salix suberecta, they occupied other tree species with different frequency, so that, on overall they differed significantly in nest site choice. Also the mean number of nests per breeding site was different: 8.4 in the Cape Weaver and 3.3 in the Southern Masked Weaver.
{"title":"Nesting Sites Of Sympatrically Breeding Weavers: Ploceus Capensis And P. Velatus In Mountain Grasslands Of Southern Africa","authors":"G. Kopij","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Studies were conducted from 1998-2002 in the Moloti/Drakensberg area, Lesotho, southern Africa. A total of 155 nesting sites of the Cape Waever and 75 nesting sites of the Southern Masked Weaver were found. Almost all nesting sites of both weaver species were situated along river courses vegetated with willows, poplars and other tree species. They often nested in sympatry. Although most nesting sites of both Cape and Southern Masked Weaver were located in the indigenous Salix suberecta, they occupied other tree species with different frequency, so that, on overall they differed significantly in nest site choice. Also the mean number of nests per breeding site was different: 8.4 in the Cape Weaver and 3.3 in the Southern Masked Weaver.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125455063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0027
G. Kopij
Abstract There are three Passer species in Lesotho: House Sparrow P. domesticus, Cape Sparrow P. melanurus, and Grey-headed Sparrow P. diffusus. The House Sparrow is an introduced species, recorded first in Lesotho in 1954. Today, all three species are very numerous (as dominants or subdominants) in urban and rural areas in all ecozones in the country. With an increase of altitude the proportion of Cape Sparrows in relation to the other sparrow species increases, while the reverse is true for the Grey-headed Sparrow. The proportion of House Sparrows appears to be only slightly affected by altitude. In some areas, the House Sparrow may displace the Grey-headed Sparrow.
{"title":"The Status Of Sparrows In Lesotho, Southern Africa","authors":"G. Kopij","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are three Passer species in Lesotho: House Sparrow P. domesticus, Cape Sparrow P. melanurus, and Grey-headed Sparrow P. diffusus. The House Sparrow is an introduced species, recorded first in Lesotho in 1954. Today, all three species are very numerous (as dominants or subdominants) in urban and rural areas in all ecozones in the country. With an increase of altitude the proportion of Cape Sparrows in relation to the other sparrow species increases, while the reverse is true for the Grey-headed Sparrow. The proportion of House Sparrows appears to be only slightly affected by altitude. In some areas, the House Sparrow may displace the Grey-headed Sparrow.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130343834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0001
F. Turček
{"title":"Granivorous Birds in Ecosystems","authors":"F. Turček","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134040791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0004
J. Erritzøe
In the literature little is mentioned about elm seed as food for Tree sparrows Passer montanus . Deckert (1968) writes: Tree sparrows often stay in the top of the trees searching e .g . elmand alder seeds . Grun (1975) stated that tree sparrows only exceptionally eat seeds of the elm trees Ulmus glabra and Ulmus laevis and rather seldom and mostly only in a numbers of Ulmus minor . We have some large elm trees Ulmus glabra in our garden situated in agricultural surroundings in the south of Jutland, Denmark . In the summer of 1993 the elm trees bore more seeds than ever seen before . From mid-May the nestlings of three pairs of tree sparrows left their nests, and from then on and every day until the first of July we saw the parents with their young, 17 birds altogether, feeding on the elm seeds in our courtyard, which is covered with small stones so that the seeds was easy to find . They were foraging there for six to eight hours every day . It was often possible to observe the tree sparrows so closely that even without binoculars we could see how they bit off the “skin” of the elm seeds all the way around with the cutting edges of their bills, before they ate the little seed in the middle . During the same period, we never saw the tree sparrows feeding on other food items, and never trying to take the seeds which still hung on the trees, as stated by Deckert (1968) . It is mentioned by many authors that the greatest percentage of animal food is consumed from May to July, Deckert (1968), Dementev et al . (1970), Grun (1975), Summers-Smith (1988) . It was obvious to us that the arthropod supply was very poor due to pesticides used for insect control on the corn-fields around us . We also observed a pair of Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs which often joined the tree sparrows in their food searching but never for a long time . We assumed that the chaffinches were also eating elm seeds, because there was obviously no other food in the courtyard at that time, but we never got the opportunity to verify it .
{"title":"Tree Sparrows Foraging on Elm Seeds for more than a Month","authors":"J. Erritzøe","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0004","url":null,"abstract":"In the literature little is mentioned about elm seed as food for Tree sparrows Passer montanus . Deckert (1968) writes: Tree sparrows often stay in the top of the trees searching e .g . elmand alder seeds . Grun (1975) stated that tree sparrows only exceptionally eat seeds of the elm trees Ulmus glabra and Ulmus laevis and rather seldom and mostly only in a numbers of Ulmus minor . We have some large elm trees Ulmus glabra in our garden situated in agricultural surroundings in the south of Jutland, Denmark . In the summer of 1993 the elm trees bore more seeds than ever seen before . From mid-May the nestlings of three pairs of tree sparrows left their nests, and from then on and every day until the first of July we saw the parents with their young, 17 birds altogether, feeding on the elm seeds in our courtyard, which is covered with small stones so that the seeds was easy to find . They were foraging there for six to eight hours every day . It was often possible to observe the tree sparrows so closely that even without binoculars we could see how they bit off the “skin” of the elm seeds all the way around with the cutting edges of their bills, before they ate the little seed in the middle . During the same period, we never saw the tree sparrows feeding on other food items, and never trying to take the seeds which still hung on the trees, as stated by Deckert (1968) . It is mentioned by many authors that the greatest percentage of animal food is consumed from May to July, Deckert (1968), Dementev et al . (1970), Grun (1975), Summers-Smith (1988) . It was obvious to us that the arthropod supply was very poor due to pesticides used for insect control on the corn-fields around us . We also observed a pair of Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs which often joined the tree sparrows in their food searching but never for a long time . We assumed that the chaffinches were also eating elm seeds, because there was obviously no other food in the courtyard at that time, but we never got the opportunity to verify it .","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127247710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0028
Damian Markulak
Abstract The population of House Sparrows in most of European cities declined in the end of the XX century (De Laet & Summers-Smith 2007). One of the presumable reasons of this decline is loss of nest sites. The House sparrow is a secondary hole-nester (Anderson 2006) and places its nest in holes of buildings, shrubs and nest boxes. The rate of nest box occupation depends on the location and competition with other species (Anderson T.R. 2006). The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of nest box occupation by House sparrows in Zielona Góra, Western Poland, which can provide information about the availability of nesting sites.
{"title":"Nestling Of House Sparrow Passer Domesticus In Nest Boxes In Zielona Góra Preliminary Report","authors":"Damian Markulak","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The population of House Sparrows in most of European cities declined in the end of the XX century (De Laet & Summers-Smith 2007). One of the presumable reasons of this decline is loss of nest sites. The House sparrow is a secondary hole-nester (Anderson 2006) and places its nest in holes of buildings, shrubs and nest boxes. The rate of nest box occupation depends on the location and competition with other species (Anderson T.R. 2006). The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of nest box occupation by House sparrows in Zielona Góra, Western Poland, which can provide information about the availability of nesting sites.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126406788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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