Background: World Health Organiza on (WHO) recommends breast milk as sole and the most complete infant food during the first 6 months. However, in certain circumstances, when breas eeding is not possible, not de- sired or not advised, infant formulas like those are made of soy can be given to newborns. However, the safety of long-term use soy-based formula has been argued due to the possible adverse effects of phytoestrogen, phytates and aluminum in human body as well as the consequences of agrochemicals residue. Therefore, those problems should be taken into account while developing, reviewing or amending policy of infant formulas. This ar cle re- views the adequacy of soy-based infant formula policy in Indonesia to an cipate issues in SIF consump on. Methods: Australian and New Zealand Food Standards Code was used to compared to the decree of Indonesian NADFC. The results were described narra vely and analyzed from the perspec ve of the author. Results: Accordingly, only small aspects of SIF are regulated in Indonesian policy. The use of SPI for SIF in In- donesia is not a compulsory though scien fically another source may trigger diarrhea in newborn baby. No clause related to aluminum content, zinc to copper ra o, isoflavone level, GM soy and pes cide residue found in In- donesian policy. Conclusion: Apparently, very limited provision regarding SIF has been covered by Indonesian policy. The regu- la on of SIF marketed and manufactured in Indonesia should be more specific and developed based on recent clinical and epidemiological studies. On the other hand, Indonesia needs a comprehensive system where society may par cipate in reviewing the laws.
{"title":"Critics on Policy of Soy-Based Infant Formula in Indonesia: Compared to Australian and New Zealand Food Standards","authors":"A. Sera","doi":"10.35898/ghmj-33459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-33459","url":null,"abstract":"Background: World Health Organiza on (WHO) recommends breast milk as sole and the most complete infant food during the first 6 months. However, in certain circumstances, when breas eeding is not possible, not de- sired or not advised, infant formulas like those are made of soy can be given to newborns. However, the safety of long-term use soy-based formula has been argued due to the possible adverse effects of phytoestrogen, phytates and aluminum in human body as well as the consequences of agrochemicals residue. Therefore, those problems should be taken into account while developing, reviewing or amending policy of infant formulas. This ar cle re- views the adequacy of soy-based infant formula policy in Indonesia to an cipate issues in SIF consump on. Methods: Australian and New Zealand Food Standards Code was used to compared to the decree of Indonesian NADFC. The results were described narra vely and analyzed from the perspec ve of the author. Results: Accordingly, only small aspects of SIF are regulated in Indonesian policy. The use of SPI for SIF in In- donesia is not a compulsory though scien fically another source may trigger diarrhea in newborn baby. No clause related to aluminum content, zinc to copper ra o, isoflavone level, GM soy and pes cide residue found in In- donesian policy. Conclusion: Apparently, very limited provision regarding SIF has been covered by Indonesian policy. The regu- la on of SIF marketed and manufactured in Indonesia should be more specific and developed based on recent clinical and epidemiological studies. On the other hand, Indonesia needs a comprehensive system where society may par cipate in reviewing the laws.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"1523 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87821889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: HIV/AIDS is s ll a problem in the health care system of developing countries. Migrant workers are considered a vulnerable popula on for HIV infec on. The current informa on on HIV/AIDS and migrant workers is useful to provide suitable effec ve health interven ons for the preven on of HIV/AIDS. This study aims to describe knowledge, a tudes and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among Myanmar male migrant workers in Thailand. Methods: A cross-sec onal study was conducted in Myanmar male migrant workers aged 18-60 years collected from February to May 2018. A total of 400 migrant workers who live in Patumthani provinces were selected by a convenience sampling method. Descrip ve sta s cs were used to explore knowledge, a tudes and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors of par cipants. Results: The mean age of the par cipants was 33 years, ages ranged from 18 to 60 years old, achieved pri- mary school (40.40%), and married (54.30%). An average living in Thailand was 3.25 years and monthly income was 9,166 baht (∼286 USD), respec vely. A majority of par cipants had a poor level of HIV/AIDS knowledge (55.25%) and a fair level of an a tude about HIV/AIDS disease and preven on (61.25%). Risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS of par cipants who had sex with non-partners were 40.58%. Conclusion: Most par cipants had poor knowledge and a fair a tude of HIV/AIDS. Risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS of the par cipants were rela vely high. Moreover, most of par cipants had less access to health care services. This results confirmed that an urgent need to provide health interven on to increase knowledge on HIV/AIDS of Myanmar migrant workers in Thailand.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors of Myanmar Migrant Workers in Thailand","authors":"Nitchamon Rakkapao, Pradabduang Kiattisaksiri, Ronnapoom Samakkekarom","doi":"10.35898/ghmj-33452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-33452","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV/AIDS is s ll a problem in the health care system of developing countries. Migrant workers are considered a vulnerable popula on for HIV infec on. The current informa on on HIV/AIDS and migrant workers is useful to provide suitable effec ve health interven ons for the preven on of HIV/AIDS. This study aims to describe knowledge, a tudes and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among Myanmar male migrant workers in Thailand. Methods: A cross-sec onal study was conducted in Myanmar male migrant workers aged 18-60 years collected from February to May 2018. A total of 400 migrant workers who live in Patumthani provinces were selected by a convenience sampling method. Descrip ve sta s cs were used to explore knowledge, a tudes and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors of par cipants. Results: The mean age of the par cipants was 33 years, ages ranged from 18 to 60 years old, achieved pri- mary school (40.40%), and married (54.30%). An average living in Thailand was 3.25 years and monthly income was 9,166 baht (∼286 USD), respec vely. A majority of par cipants had a poor level of HIV/AIDS knowledge (55.25%) and a fair level of an a tude about HIV/AIDS disease and preven on (61.25%). Risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS of par cipants who had sex with non-partners were 40.58%. Conclusion: Most par cipants had poor knowledge and a fair a tude of HIV/AIDS. Risk behaviors related to HIV/AIDS of the par cipants were rela vely high. Moreover, most of par cipants had less access to health care services. This results confirmed that an urgent need to provide health interven on to increase knowledge on HIV/AIDS of Myanmar migrant workers in Thailand.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79900856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae infec on in West Java province is s ll high. Klebsiella pneu- moniae bacterium can produce the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase enzyme leading to an bio cs resistant, so it is important to look for natural and inexpensive an bio c alterna ves; one of which is Dayak onion plant (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill). The content found in Dayak onion is believed to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneu- moniae bacteria. This study aims to determine the effec veness of Dayak onion essen al oil on the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post-test control group design using the culture of Kleb- siella pneumoniae on the media Muller Hinton Agar in 7 groups. Groups 1 to 5 (K1 to K5) were given sequen ally Dayak Onion essen al oil solu on in 10% DMSO solvent with concentra ons of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%. Group 6 (K6) was posi ve control (+) with 5 μg Levofloxacin, and Group 7 (K7) was Nega ve (-) with 10% DMSO. The treatment results were measured by the diameter of the host zone and the collected data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA with appropriate Post hoc analysis. Results: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentra ons showed greater inhibi on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power. Conclusion: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentra ons showed greater inhibi on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power.
{"title":"In Vitro Inhibitory Activity of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) Essential Oil Against Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"M. Hermawan, A. Amanah, N. Nurbaiti","doi":"10.35898/ghmj-33458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-33458","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae infec on in West Java province is s ll high. Klebsiella pneu- moniae bacterium can produce the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase enzyme leading to an bio cs resistant, so it is important to look for natural and inexpensive an bio c alterna ves; one of which is Dayak onion plant (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill). The content found in Dayak onion is believed to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneu- moniae bacteria. This study aims to determine the effec veness of Dayak onion essen al oil on the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post-test control group design using the culture of Kleb- siella pneumoniae on the media Muller Hinton Agar in 7 groups. Groups 1 to 5 (K1 to K5) were given sequen ally Dayak Onion essen al oil solu on in 10% DMSO solvent with concentra ons of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%. Group 6 (K6) was posi ve control (+) with 5 μg Levofloxacin, and Group 7 (K7) was Nega ve (-) with 10% DMSO. The treatment results were measured by the diameter of the host zone and the collected data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA with appropriate Post hoc analysis. Results: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentra ons showed greater inhibi on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power. Conclusion: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentra ons showed greater inhibi on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"363 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80298076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dyah Anantalia Widyastari, Doni Marisi Sinaga, C. P. Wibowo, Pamuko Aditya Rahman, H. M. Noor, Dimas Sondang Irawan, Tiara Fatmarizka, Dwina Gustia Diary, I. Putra, Maretalinia Maretalinia, Marina Ayu Viniriani, Monita Destiwi, Galih Albarra Shidiq, I. Pratiwi, Made Dian Shanti Kusuma, Ni Wayan Kesari Dharmapatni, Mahendrawan Nugraha Aji Pratama, Ary Norsaputra, Andi Pancanugraha, Febrian Hendra Kurniawan, Wahyu Manggala Putra, Rifqi Abdul Fattah, P. K. Moehas, Ricky Alexander Samosir, Andang Adi Fitria Hananto, I. G. N. Agastya, T. Susilo, P. Vejvisithsakul, D. Nauphar, A. I. P. Sari, A. Macnab
Dyah Anantalia Widyastari1,2, Doni Marisi Sinaga1,2, Canggih Puspo Wibowo1,2, Pamuko Aditya Rahman1,2, Hafizh Muhammad Noor1, Dimas Sondang Irawan1, Tiara Fatmarizka1, Dwina Gustia Diary1, I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra1, Maretalinia1, Marina Ayu Viniriani1, Monita Destiwi1, Galih Albarra Shidiq1, Ivana Aprilia Pratiwi1, Made Dian Shanti Kusuma1, Ni Wayan Kesari Dharmapatni1, Mahendrawan Nugraha Aji Pratama1, Ary Norsaputra1, Andi Pancanugraha1, Febrian Hendra Kurniawan1, Wahyu Manggala Putra1, Rifqi Abdul Fattah1, Puput Kusumawardani Moehas1, Ricky Alexander Samosir1, Andang Adi Fitria Hananto1, I Gusti Ngurah Agastya1, Taufik Eko Susilo1, Pichpisith Pierre Vejvisithsakul1, Donny Nauphar1, Ariestya Indah Permata Sari1, Andrew John Macnab3,4
{"title":"The International Conferences on Applied Science and Health (ICASH): Efforts and Commitments in Translating Research Results into Policy and Practices, for a Better Society","authors":"Dyah Anantalia Widyastari, Doni Marisi Sinaga, C. P. Wibowo, Pamuko Aditya Rahman, H. M. Noor, Dimas Sondang Irawan, Tiara Fatmarizka, Dwina Gustia Diary, I. Putra, Maretalinia Maretalinia, Marina Ayu Viniriani, Monita Destiwi, Galih Albarra Shidiq, I. Pratiwi, Made Dian Shanti Kusuma, Ni Wayan Kesari Dharmapatni, Mahendrawan Nugraha Aji Pratama, Ary Norsaputra, Andi Pancanugraha, Febrian Hendra Kurniawan, Wahyu Manggala Putra, Rifqi Abdul Fattah, P. K. Moehas, Ricky Alexander Samosir, Andang Adi Fitria Hananto, I. G. N. Agastya, T. Susilo, P. Vejvisithsakul, D. Nauphar, A. I. P. Sari, A. Macnab","doi":"10.35898/ghmj-33451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/ghmj-33451","url":null,"abstract":"Dyah Anantalia Widyastari1,2, Doni Marisi Sinaga1,2, Canggih Puspo Wibowo1,2, Pamuko Aditya Rahman1,2, Hafizh Muhammad Noor1, Dimas Sondang Irawan1, Tiara Fatmarizka1, Dwina Gustia Diary1, I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra1, Maretalinia1, Marina Ayu Viniriani1, Monita Destiwi1, Galih Albarra Shidiq1, Ivana Aprilia Pratiwi1, Made Dian Shanti Kusuma1, Ni Wayan Kesari Dharmapatni1, Mahendrawan Nugraha Aji Pratama1, Ary Norsaputra1, Andi Pancanugraha1, Febrian Hendra Kurniawan1, Wahyu Manggala Putra1, Rifqi Abdul Fattah1, Puput Kusumawardani Moehas1, Ricky Alexander Samosir1, Andang Adi Fitria Hananto1, I Gusti Ngurah Agastya1, Taufik Eko Susilo1, Pichpisith Pierre Vejvisithsakul1, Donny Nauphar1, Ariestya Indah Permata Sari1, Andrew John Macnab3,4","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88473802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This perspective looks at the importance of providing parents with the information they need to make informed decisions about their children’s health, and particularly of encouraging parents to teach their children health-related practices that help prevent illness and injury; it is the viewpoint of a grandparent who is also a children’s doctor.
{"title":"Teach your children well","authors":"A. Macnab","doi":"10.35898/GHMJ-32306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/GHMJ-32306","url":null,"abstract":"This perspective looks at the importance of providing parents with the information they need to make informed decisions about their children’s health, and particularly of encouraging parents to teach their children health-related practices that help prevent illness and injury; it is the viewpoint of a grandparent who is also a children’s doctor.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74064333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anjari Wahyu Wardhani, Chriswardani Suryawati, P. Harto
Background: Financial costs are recognized as one of the causes of lack access to adequate health services, not least in the treatment of Acute Appendicitis with BPJS Healthcare in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam. Data describing health workers' awareness of costs is still limited. Increasing awareness of health workers can encourage to increase treatment efficacy and reduce wasteful spending costs. Aims: This study objective was to analyze the cost awareness of health workers' in the efficiency of Acute Appendicitis treatment. Methods: This research was a qualitative descriptive study accompanied by direct observation on the implementation of clinical pathways and SOP in cases of Acute Appendicitis in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam. In this study also conducted interviews involving nine main informants and three triangulation informants. Result: There was a low awareness of costs identified in the implementation of clinical pathways and SOP in cases of Acute Appendicitis in general surgeons, resulting in high financing. There was also low management monitoring that could be seen in the incomplete TXT data. This had the potential to be a source of financial loss for hospitals. Conclusion: The lack of cost efficiency for Acute Appendicitis occurred due to lack of cost awareness and monitoring of hospital management. Efficiency could be seen in disposable materials components, but the incompleteness of TXT data could affect the calculation.
{"title":"Cost awareness analysis on acute appendicitis treatment with BPJS Healthcare at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam","authors":"Anjari Wahyu Wardhani, Chriswardani Suryawati, P. Harto","doi":"10.35898/GHMJ-32294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/GHMJ-32294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Financial costs are recognized as one of the causes of lack access to adequate health services, not least in the treatment of Acute Appendicitis with BPJS Healthcare in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam. Data describing health workers' awareness of costs is still limited. Increasing awareness of health workers can encourage to increase treatment efficacy and reduce wasteful spending costs. Aims: This study objective was to analyze the cost awareness of health workers' in the efficiency of Acute Appendicitis treatment. Methods: This research was a qualitative descriptive study accompanied by direct observation on the implementation of clinical pathways and SOP in cases of Acute Appendicitis in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam. In this study also conducted interviews involving nine main informants and three triangulation informants. Result: There was a low awareness of costs identified in the implementation of clinical pathways and SOP in cases of Acute Appendicitis in general surgeons, resulting in high financing. There was also low management monitoring that could be seen in the incomplete TXT data. This had the potential to be a source of financial loss for hospitals. Conclusion: The lack of cost efficiency for Acute Appendicitis occurred due to lack of cost awareness and monitoring of hospital management. Efficiency could be seen in disposable materials components, but the incompleteness of TXT data could affect the calculation.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73032559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Married men who are male clients of sex workers play an important role as “bridge population” of HIV infection from the concentrated epidemic population to the general population. This study aimed to investigate the protected sex with last paid sexual partner among currently married men in Indonesia. Method: A nationally representative population-based survey, 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) which covered 33 provinces in Indonesia was applied in this study. Out of 9,306 currently married men, 510 records of married men who reported for ever paying someone for having sex were eligible for this study. A dependent variable was protected sex (i.e. condom use) at last sex with a paid sexual partner whilst independent variables consisted of socio-demographic factors, spousal communication on HIV prevention, knowledge of HIV prevention, and attitude of condom use. Binary logistic regression was applied for bivariate and multivariate analysis.Results: Prevalence of condom use with a paid sexual partner at last sex among currently married men was 27.86% [95%CI=23.89-32.20]. Based on multivariate analysis, married men were less likely to use a condom with a paid sexual partner if they aged ≥ 40 years old (OR=0.48; 95%CI=0.30-0.76) versus those aged < 40 years old and worked in some sectors: clerical (OR=0.22; 95%CI=0.08-0.61), sales (OR=0.40; 95%CI=0.17-0.95), agricultural/self-employed (0.32; 95%CI=0.13-0.75), skilled manual (OR=0.38; 95%CI=0.18-0.79) compared to those working in professional/technical/engineering sectors. However, those who were from poorer (OR=2.28; 95%CI=1.08-4.82) and richest household (OR=3.08; 95%CI=1.32-7.20) were more likely to perform protected sex compared to the poorest ones. In addition, the likelihood of protected sex also increased when married men had spousal communication on HIV prevention (OR=1.84;95%CI=1.17-2.90), knew that using condoms can reduce HIV infection (OR=2.15; 95%CI=1.14-4.08) and had a positive attitude of using condoms can protect against diseases (OR=3.05; 95%CI=1.14-8.16). Conclusion: Interventional approaches for increasing protected sex among married men as clients of sex workers should be integrated with existing HIV program among other key affected populations (e.g., FSWs) at sex workers’ workplaces setting through providing HIV-related information, ensuring uninterrupted stocks of condoms, and enforcing condom use regulation.
背景:性工作者的男性嫖客已婚男性是HIV感染从集中流行人群向一般人群传播的重要“桥梁人群”。本研究旨在调查印尼已婚男性与最后一位付费性伴侣发生保护性行为的情况。方法:采用具有全国代表性的人口调查方法——2012年印度尼西亚人口与健康调查(IDHS)，覆盖印度尼西亚33个省。在9306名已婚男性中，有510名已婚男性报告说他们曾经付钱给别人进行性行为，符合这项研究的条件。因变量是最后一次与付费性伴侣发生性行为时的保护性行为(即使用安全套)，而自变量包括社会人口因素、配偶在预防艾滋病毒方面的沟通、预防艾滋病毒的知识和使用安全套的态度。采用二元逻辑回归进行双变量和多变量分析。结果:已婚男性在最后性行为中与付费性伴侣使用安全套的比例为27.86% [95%CI=23.89 ~ 32.20]。基于多变量分析，已婚男性年龄≥40岁时，与付费性伴侣使用安全套的可能性较低(OR=0.48;95%CI=0.30-0.76)，而年龄< 40岁并在某些部门工作的人:文职人员(OR=0.22;95%CI=0.08-0.61)，销售额(OR=0.40;95%CI=0.17-0.95)，农业/个体户(0.32;95%CI=0.13-0.75)，熟练手工(OR=0.38;95%CI=0.18-0.79)，与在专业/技术/工程部门工作的人相比。然而，那些来自贫困家庭(OR=2.28;95%CI=1.08-4.82)和最富裕家庭(OR=3.08;95%CI=1.32-7.20)与最贫穷的人相比，他们更有可能进行保护性行为。此外，当已婚男性有配偶间关于预防艾滋病毒的交流(OR=1.84;95%CI=1.17-2.90)，知道使用避孕套可以减少艾滋病毒感染(OR=2.15;95%CI=1.14-4.08)，对使用避孕套可以预防疾病持积极态度(OR=3.05;95% ci = 1.14 - -8.16)。结论:通过提供艾滋病毒相关信息、确保不间断的安全套库存和执行安全套使用规定，在性工作者的工作场所中，应将增加已婚男性性工作者客户的保护性行为的干预措施与现有的其他主要受影响人群(如FSWs)的艾滋病毒项目相结合。
{"title":"Protected Sex with Paid Sexual Partner among Married Men in Indonesia","authors":"I. E. Putra","doi":"10.35898/GHMJ-32292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/GHMJ-32292","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Married men who are male clients of sex workers play an important role as “bridge population” of HIV infection from the concentrated epidemic population to the general population. This study aimed to investigate the protected sex with last paid sexual partner among currently married men in Indonesia. Method: A nationally representative population-based survey, 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) which covered 33 provinces in Indonesia was applied in this study. Out of 9,306 currently married men, 510 records of married men who reported for ever paying someone for having sex were eligible for this study. A dependent variable was protected sex (i.e. condom use) at last sex with a paid sexual partner whilst independent variables consisted of socio-demographic factors, spousal communication on HIV prevention, knowledge of HIV prevention, and attitude of condom use. Binary logistic regression was applied for bivariate and multivariate analysis.Results: Prevalence of condom use with a paid sexual partner at last sex among currently married men was 27.86% [95%CI=23.89-32.20]. Based on multivariate analysis, married men were less likely to use a condom with a paid sexual partner if they aged ≥ 40 years old (OR=0.48; 95%CI=0.30-0.76) versus those aged < 40 years old and worked in some sectors: clerical (OR=0.22; 95%CI=0.08-0.61), sales (OR=0.40; 95%CI=0.17-0.95), agricultural/self-employed (0.32; 95%CI=0.13-0.75), skilled manual (OR=0.38; 95%CI=0.18-0.79) compared to those working in professional/technical/engineering sectors. However, those who were from poorer (OR=2.28; 95%CI=1.08-4.82) and richest household (OR=3.08; 95%CI=1.32-7.20) were more likely to perform protected sex compared to the poorest ones. In addition, the likelihood of protected sex also increased when married men had spousal communication on HIV prevention (OR=1.84;95%CI=1.17-2.90), knew that using condoms can reduce HIV infection (OR=2.15; 95%CI=1.14-4.08) and had a positive attitude of using condoms can protect against diseases (OR=3.05; 95%CI=1.14-8.16). Conclusion: Interventional approaches for increasing protected sex among married men as clients of sex workers should be integrated with existing HIV program among other key affected populations (e.g., FSWs) at sex workers’ workplaces setting through providing HIV-related information, ensuring uninterrupted stocks of condoms, and enforcing condom use regulation.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82386604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Backgorund : Significant increase in HIV cases among men who have sex with men (hereafter MSM) group during the 2015-2016 period confirmed that sexual behavior is a major risk factor in exposure to HIV&AIDS with unprotected sexual intercourse as the dominant risk factor. Aims : This study aims to identify the determinants of condom use status among MSM group in 5 cities in Indonesia. Method : This study used a cross sectional design, carried out in 5 cities in Indonesia: Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, and Denpasar using secondary data from the Integrated Biological and Behavioural Survey (IBBS) in 2015. Results : Variables that are significantly related to the condom use status were marital status, exposure to information on HIV&AIDS, and knowledge about condoms. The marital status variable has a POR value of 1.351 (95% CI OR 0.709 – 2.576), whilst exposure to HIV&AIDS information has 1.668 (95% CI OR 1.148 – 2.422) POR value, and knowledge about condoms has POR value as much as 1.925 (95% CI OR 1.274 – 2.907). Conclusion : The number of respondents who used condoms consistently for the past one month were 76.1% and those who did not were 23.9%. Variables that are significantly related to the behaviour of not using condoms are marital status, exposure to HIV&AIDS information, and knowledge of condoms.Keywords:Determinants, Behavior, Condom, MSM, HIV&AIDS
背景:2015-2016年期间男男性接触者(以下简称男男性接触者)群体中HIV病例显著增加，证实性行为是HIV& aids暴露的主要危险因素，无保护的性交是主要危险因素。目的:本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚5个城市MSM群体中避孕套使用状况的决定因素。方法:本研究采用横断面设计，在印度尼西亚5个城市:雅加达、万隆、三宝垄、泗水和登巴萨进行，使用2015年综合生物和行为调查(IBBS)的二次数据。结果:与安全套使用状况显著相关的变量为婚姻状况、艾滋病信息暴露情况和安全套知识。婚姻状况变量的POR值为1.351 (95% CI OR 0.709 - 2.576)，而接触艾滋病毒和艾滋病信息的POR值为1.668 (95% CI OR 1.148 - 2.422)，了解避孕套的POR值高达1.925 (95% CI OR 1.274 - 2.907)。结论:近一个月持续使用安全套者占76.1%，未使用安全套者占23.9%。与不使用避孕套行为显著相关的变量是婚姻状况、接触艾滋病毒和艾滋病信息以及对避孕套的了解。关键词:决定因素，行为，安全套，男同性恋者，艾滋病
{"title":"Determinants of Condom Use Status among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) Group in 5 Indonesian Cities in 2015","authors":"Ni Wayan Putri Larassita Parwangsa, K. Bantas","doi":"10.35898/GHMJ-32301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/GHMJ-32301","url":null,"abstract":"Backgorund : Significant increase in HIV cases among men who have sex with men (hereafter MSM) group during the 2015-2016 period confirmed that sexual behavior is a major risk factor in exposure to HIV&AIDS with unprotected sexual intercourse as the dominant risk factor. Aims : This study aims to identify the determinants of condom use status among MSM group in 5 cities in Indonesia. Method : This study used a cross sectional design, carried out in 5 cities in Indonesia: Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, and Denpasar using secondary data from the Integrated Biological and Behavioural Survey (IBBS) in 2015. Results : Variables that are significantly related to the condom use status were marital status, exposure to information on HIV&AIDS, and knowledge about condoms. The marital status variable has a POR value of 1.351 (95% CI OR 0.709 – 2.576), whilst exposure to HIV&AIDS information has 1.668 (95% CI OR 1.148 – 2.422) POR value, and knowledge about condoms has POR value as much as 1.925 (95% CI OR 1.274 – 2.907). Conclusion : The number of respondents who used condoms consistently for the past one month were 76.1% and those who did not were 23.9%. Variables that are significantly related to the behaviour of not using condoms are marital status, exposure to HIV&AIDS information, and knowledge of condoms.Keywords:Determinants, Behavior, Condom, MSM, HIV&AIDS","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73927011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hevny Kartika Dewi, M. Mardiyono, Diyah Fatmasari, S. Sudirman, Djenta Saha
Background: Diabetic ulcer is an open wound on the skin layer to the dermis due to hyperglycemia and neuropathy. This condition often causes infection and becomes an inhibitor in the wound healing process. Red fruit oil soap can be used as an alternative cleansing to reduce the number of bacterial colonies and accelerate the wound healing process.Aims: This present study aimed to observe the effect of red fruit oil soap in the cleansing process to reduce the number of bacterial colonies and the wound healing process in grade II Diabetic ulcer patientsMethods: This is a quasi-experimental study with the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group design. Wound cleansing in the intervention group used 0.9% NaCl solution and red fruit oil soap with a pH of 5.74, while the wound cleansing in the control group used 0.9% NaCl solution. Bacterial colonies were assessed and the type of bacteria was observed by the swab method. The wound healing was assessed with Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) instrument for 14 days with observations every 3 days. Analysis test used Mann Whitney and Repeated Measure ANOVA.Results: There was no difference in the mean of the number of bacterial colonies between the wounds that were cleansed with 0.9% NaCl solution and red fruit oil soap and the wounds which were cleansed by using 0.9% NaCl solution (p> 0.05). The mean of the number of colonies in the intervention group until the 14th day reduced by 3.14x106 and in the control group was reduced h 1.40x106. There was a significant decrease in the wound healing scores in each group, in each assessment for 14 days.Conclusion: This study found that the wound cleansing using red fruit oil soap and 0.9% NaCl solution could reduce the number of bacterial colonies on the wound surface and accelerate the wound healing process among patients with grade II diabetic ulcer.
{"title":"Effect of Red Fruit Oil Soap (Pandanus Conoideus Lam.) as Wound Cleansing on Wound Healing and the Number of Bacterial Colonies among Grade II Diabetic Ulcer Patients at Griya Wound Care Clinic Kudus, Indonesia","authors":"Hevny Kartika Dewi, M. Mardiyono, Diyah Fatmasari, S. Sudirman, Djenta Saha","doi":"10.35898/GHMJ-32268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/GHMJ-32268","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic ulcer is an open wound on the skin layer to the dermis due to hyperglycemia and neuropathy. This condition often causes infection and becomes an inhibitor in the wound healing process. Red fruit oil soap can be used as an alternative cleansing to reduce the number of bacterial colonies and accelerate the wound healing process.Aims: This present study aimed to observe the effect of red fruit oil soap in the cleansing process to reduce the number of bacterial colonies and the wound healing process in grade II Diabetic ulcer patientsMethods: This is a quasi-experimental study with the pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group design. Wound cleansing in the intervention group used 0.9% NaCl solution and red fruit oil soap with a pH of 5.74, while the wound cleansing in the control group used 0.9% NaCl solution. Bacterial colonies were assessed and the type of bacteria was observed by the swab method. The wound healing was assessed with Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) instrument for 14 days with observations every 3 days. Analysis test used Mann Whitney and Repeated Measure ANOVA.Results: There was no difference in the mean of the number of bacterial colonies between the wounds that were cleansed with 0.9% NaCl solution and red fruit oil soap and the wounds which were cleansed by using 0.9% NaCl solution (p> 0.05). The mean of the number of colonies in the intervention group until the 14th day reduced by 3.14x106 and in the control group was reduced h 1.40x106. There was a significant decrease in the wound healing scores in each group, in each assessment for 14 days.Conclusion: This study found that the wound cleansing using red fruit oil soap and 0.9% NaCl solution could reduce the number of bacterial colonies on the wound surface and accelerate the wound healing process among patients with grade II diabetic ulcer.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82454824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) care in hospitals often causes discomfort and stress which affect changes in physiological function. Modification of gentle human touch with the left lateral position is described as a treatment for developmental care that supports the comfort and supportive position of the lungs which is expected to have a positive effect on oxygen saturation and respiratory frequency for infants.Aims: This study aimed to find the effect of gentle human touch modification with a left lateral position on oxygen saturation in LBW infants.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design study. The population in this study was 36 LBW babies who received care, selected at a private and public hospital in Central Java, Indonesia, using a consecutive sampling technique. The infants were then divided equally to: (i) a group who received a standard human touch given at the hospital, with a supine position (control), and (ii) a group where the infants have been provided with a modified gentle human touch with left lateral position (intervention). The statistical test used was Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon test.Results: From this study, it is acknowledged that modification gentle human touch with the left lateral position was more effective in increasing oxygen saturation than the control group when viewed from clinical changes. The oxygen saturation levels after intervention reached 98 to 99%. However, from the statistical analysis, it has been noted that the mean difference between the two groups is not significantly different at a level of 0.05.Conclusions: A modified gentle human touch with the left lateral position proposed in this study presents a positive contribution to the oxygen saturation of low birth weight infants. Thus, the findings may recommend the modification as a procedure in a hospital care unit for low birth weight infants at hospitals or at home. Keywords: Gentle human touch, Left lateral position, Low birth weight babies, Oxygen saturation.
背景:低出生体重(LBW)在医院的护理经常引起不适和压力，影响生理功能的变化。温和的人的触摸与左侧位置的修改被描述为一种治疗发育护理，支持舒适和支持的位置的肺，预计对氧饱和度和呼吸频率的婴儿有积极的影响。目的:本研究旨在探讨左侧体位轻触改良对LBW婴儿血氧饱和度的影响。方法:采用准实验设计研究。本研究的人口是36名在印度尼西亚中爪哇的一家私立和公立医院接受护理的低体重婴儿，采用连续抽样技术。然后将婴儿平均分为:(i)一组接受医院给予的标准人体触碰，仰卧位(对照组);(ii)一组婴儿接受改良的轻柔人体触碰，左侧侧卧位(干预)。统计检验采用Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon检验。结果:从临床变化来看，左侧体位的温和触碰比对照组更有效地提高了血氧饱和度。干预后血氧饱和度达到98% ~ 99%。然而，从统计分析中可以看出，两组的平均差异在0.05的水平上没有显著性差异。结论:在本研究中提出的一种改良的温柔的左侧体位人触对低出生体重儿的血氧饱和度有积极的贡献。因此，研究结果可能会推荐在医院或家中对低出生体重婴儿的医院护理部门进行修改。关键词:温柔触碰，左侧卧位，低出生体重儿，血氧饱和度。
{"title":"A modified gentle human touch (GHT) to increase oxygen saturation levels on low birth weight infants: A study at a Private and Public Hospital in Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"Agi Yulia Riadini, A. Suwandono, Runjati Runjati","doi":"10.35898/GHMJ-31265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35898/GHMJ-31265","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low birth weight (LBW) care in hospitals often causes discomfort and stress which affect changes in physiological function. Modification of gentle human touch with the left lateral position is described as a treatment for developmental care that supports the comfort and supportive position of the lungs which is expected to have a positive effect on oxygen saturation and respiratory frequency for infants.Aims: This study aimed to find the effect of gentle human touch modification with a left lateral position on oxygen saturation in LBW infants.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design study. The population in this study was 36 LBW babies who received care, selected at a private and public hospital in Central Java, Indonesia, using a consecutive sampling technique. The infants were then divided equally to: (i) a group who received a standard human touch given at the hospital, with a supine position (control), and (ii) a group where the infants have been provided with a modified gentle human touch with left lateral position (intervention). The statistical test used was Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon test.Results: From this study, it is acknowledged that modification gentle human touch with the left lateral position was more effective in increasing oxygen saturation than the control group when viewed from clinical changes. The oxygen saturation levels after intervention reached 98 to 99%. However, from the statistical analysis, it has been noted that the mean difference between the two groups is not significantly different at a level of 0.05.Conclusions: A modified gentle human touch with the left lateral position proposed in this study presents a positive contribution to the oxygen saturation of low birth weight infants. Thus, the findings may recommend the modification as a procedure in a hospital care unit for low birth weight infants at hospitals or at home. Keywords: Gentle human touch, Left lateral position, Low birth weight babies, Oxygen saturation.","PeriodicalId":12698,"journal":{"name":"GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal)","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74453852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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