Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.2.1
Rina Trifani, O. Rabinowitz, S. Abdillah, E. Sinaga
Bouea macrophylla Griff is a member of the Anacardiaceae family, which has edible fruits. Due to the high nutritional value, appealing taste, and attractive color, the fruit juice of B. macrophylla has the potential to be developed as a functional beverage. The present study was conducted to determine the phytochemical profile of B. macrophylla fruit juice using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS. GC-MS analysis was performed with the Agilent Technologies 7890 Gas Chromatograph with automated sampling and tandem Agilent 5975 Mass Selective Detector and peak analysis with the Chemistation data system. LC-MS/MS QTOF analysis was performed with UPLC Waters I Class and tandem MS/MS Xevo G2S QTOF with UNIFI software. GC-MS analysis identified five compounds with a quality match of 90% and above, namely 3-pentadecylphenol (31.68%), 5,5’-(oxybis(methylene)]-bis-2-furancarboxy-aldehyde (5.67%), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxy-aldehyde (23.51%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydro-6-methyl (5.00%), and n-hexadecanoic acid (4.71%). Five major compounds were identified for the first time in B. macrophylla fruit juice by LC-MS/MS analysis, i.e., (E)-hexadecyl-ferulate, digupigan A, eburicoic acid, hydroginkgolinic acid, and terminalic acid. The health benefit of some of these detected phytochemicals supports the use of juice as the main ingredient for functional food.
{"title":"GC-MS and LC-MS/MS Analysis of Bouea macrophylla Fruit Juice","authors":"Rina Trifani, O. Rabinowitz, S. Abdillah, E. Sinaga","doi":"10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Bouea macrophylla Griff is a member of the Anacardiaceae family, which has edible fruits. Due to the high nutritional value, appealing taste, and attractive color, the fruit juice of B. macrophylla has the potential to be developed as a functional beverage. The present study was conducted to determine the phytochemical profile of B. macrophylla fruit juice using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS. GC-MS analysis was performed with the Agilent Technologies 7890 Gas Chromatograph with automated sampling and tandem Agilent 5975 Mass Selective Detector and peak analysis with the Chemistation data system. LC-MS/MS QTOF analysis was performed with UPLC Waters I Class and tandem MS/MS Xevo G2S QTOF with UNIFI software. GC-MS analysis identified five compounds with a quality match of 90% and above, namely 3-pentadecylphenol (31.68%), 5,5’-(oxybis(methylene)]-bis-2-furancarboxy-aldehyde (5.67%), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxy-aldehyde (23.51%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydro-6-methyl (5.00%), and n-hexadecanoic acid (4.71%). Five major compounds were identified for the first time in B. macrophylla fruit juice by LC-MS/MS analysis, i.e., (E)-hexadecyl-ferulate, digupigan A, eburicoic acid, hydroginkgolinic acid, and terminalic acid. The health benefit of some of these detected phytochemicals supports the use of juice as the main ingredient for functional food.","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127039742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-24DOI: 10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.3
Gwyneth Grace Bernales, Carl Mathew Calo, Carylle Mae Dumago, Ann Tibe, Michelle M. Barbon, Daisyre Mae Altar
Butuan Bay is an amalgamation of resources and wastes, with the Agusan River as its main river source. Multiple industrial operations near the area make it susceptible to pollution, thereby affecting the aquatic organisms and the people who depend on the bay for food and livelihood. Thus, the main objective of the study was to determine the Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni) concentration in the flesh of Marsh clam (Polymesoda expansa) in different mangroves wetlands across Butuan Bay. Heavy metal concentration was assessed using cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy for Hg and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Pb and Ni. The results revealed that Hg and Pb concentrations were below the detection limits (BDL), while Ni concentrations were within the tolerable limits established for bivalves. Human health risk via the consumption of P. expansa was calculated using the estimated daily intake (EDI) and Target Quotient Hazard (THQ). Results show that the EDI of Ni exceeded the oral reference dose, but its THQ was below the standard THQ value. In conclusion, the consumption of P. expansa does not pose any adverse health effects on human health. Still, further investigation and monitoring of the mangrove ecosystems are encouraged to secure the environment's health and the communities that depend on it.
{"title":"Analysis of Heavy Metal (Hg, Pb, Ni) Content in Marsh Clam, Polymesoda expansa Collected from Butuan Bay, Philippines","authors":"Gwyneth Grace Bernales, Carl Mathew Calo, Carylle Mae Dumago, Ann Tibe, Michelle M. Barbon, Daisyre Mae Altar","doi":"10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Butuan Bay is an amalgamation of resources and wastes, with the Agusan River as its main river source. Multiple industrial operations near the area make it susceptible to pollution, thereby affecting the aquatic organisms and the people who depend on the bay for food and livelihood. Thus, the main objective of the study was to determine the Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni) concentration in the flesh of Marsh clam (Polymesoda expansa) in different mangroves wetlands across Butuan Bay. Heavy metal concentration was assessed using cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy for Hg and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Pb and Ni. The results revealed that Hg and Pb concentrations were below the detection limits (BDL), while Ni concentrations were within the tolerable limits established for bivalves. Human health risk via the consumption of P. expansa was calculated using the estimated daily intake (EDI) and Target Quotient Hazard (THQ). Results show that the EDI of Ni exceeded the oral reference dose, but its THQ was below the standard THQ value. In conclusion, the consumption of P. expansa does not pose any adverse health effects on human health. Still, further investigation and monitoring of the mangrove ecosystems are encouraged to secure the environment's health and the communities that depend on it.","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133982950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.2
E. J. Khamees, Nawras Najah Jawad, Halah Mohammed Azeez
Lasers have been used in a variety of industries, but we will concentrate on their use in medicine, specifically dermatology. I concentrated on three types of lasers in this article (ablation, non-ablative lasers, and fractional lasers). The non-ablative laser causes skin contraction as a result of wound stimulation of collagen during the healing phase in the dermis, upper dermis, and thermal ablation. Laser ablation is more dangerous because it heats up the dermis. A fractional laser affects the inner dermis layer, which contains collagen, rather than the epidermis, which stimulates this vital component. An ablative fractional laser, on the other hand, peels off the skin's outer layer. According to research, these three lasers produce unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, PBM technology was used without thermal interactions and effects on the skin, increasing patient satisfaction with rejuvenation. This is what we concluded through the search engines Scopus, Google Scholar, and the EndNote application.
{"title":"The Use of Lasers (Ablative Laser, Non-ablative Laser, Fractional Laser, Photobiomodulation (PBM)) in Skin Regeneration","authors":"E. J. Khamees, Nawras Najah Jawad, Halah Mohammed Azeez","doi":"10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Lasers have been used in a variety of industries, but we will concentrate on their use in medicine, specifically dermatology. I concentrated on three types of lasers in this article (ablation, non-ablative lasers, and fractional lasers). The non-ablative laser causes skin contraction as a result of wound stimulation of collagen during the healing phase in the dermis, upper dermis, and thermal ablation. Laser ablation is more dangerous because it heats up the dermis. A fractional laser affects the inner dermis layer, which contains collagen, rather than the epidermis, which stimulates this vital component. An ablative fractional laser, on the other hand, peels off the skin's outer layer. According to research, these three lasers produce unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, PBM technology was used without thermal interactions and effects on the skin, increasing patient satisfaction with rejuvenation. This is what we concluded through the search engines Scopus, Google Scholar, and the EndNote application.","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133997354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-19DOI: 10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.1
Z. Haruna, Aishatu Habib Idris, Maryam Idris Muhammad, N. Abdulwahab, S. Abdullahi, N. Wada
Urine specimens were collected aseptically and inoculated directly onto CLED and MacConkey agar medium and incubated overnight. Single target colonies were sub cultured, and identification was based on culture, morphology, and biochemical characteristics. Enterococci isolates were subjected to biofilm assay (Tube method), and resistance pattern was determined for both biofilm-formers and non-biofilm-formers. Genomic DNA was extracted using the Bioneer kit, and the gene for virulence was detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. 148 Patients having one or more urinary symptoms were the study population. The aim of the study was to determine the multidrug resistant ability of biofilm-forming Enterococci. A number of growths were encountered; Enterococci accounted for only 9.46% (14), the highest prevalence was seen in the age group 21-30 (35.71%), and females (64.29%) were more prone to enterococcal infection than their males (35.71) counterpart. There is a relationship between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance because multidrug resistant Enterococci isolate produced bands against esp gene with an average of 510kbp. Biofilm forming strains showed the highest resistance to gentamicin and penicillin (83.3%), and vancomycin can be considered a good alternative therapy in enterococcal UTIs because of its lower resistance (75%).
{"title":"Biofilm forming Enterococci and their Status as Emerging Multidrug Resistant Bacteria","authors":"Z. Haruna, Aishatu Habib Idris, Maryam Idris Muhammad, N. Abdulwahab, S. Abdullahi, N. Wada","doi":"10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijbpcs.2022.4.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Urine specimens were collected aseptically and inoculated directly onto CLED and MacConkey agar medium and incubated overnight. Single target colonies were sub cultured, and identification was based on culture, morphology, and biochemical characteristics. Enterococci isolates were subjected to biofilm assay (Tube method), and resistance pattern was determined for both biofilm-formers and non-biofilm-formers. Genomic DNA was extracted using the Bioneer kit, and the gene for virulence was detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. 148 Patients having one or more urinary symptoms were the study population. The aim of the study was to determine the multidrug resistant ability of biofilm-forming Enterococci. A number of growths were encountered; Enterococci accounted for only 9.46% (14), the highest prevalence was seen in the age group 21-30 (35.71%), and females (64.29%) were more prone to enterococcal infection than their males (35.71) counterpart. There is a relationship between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance because multidrug resistant Enterococci isolate produced bands against esp gene with an average of 510kbp. Biofilm forming strains showed the highest resistance to gentamicin and penicillin (83.3%), and vancomycin can be considered a good alternative therapy in enterococcal UTIs because of its lower resistance (75%).","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"105 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132999605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-11DOI: 10.32996/ijbpcs.2021.3.2.1
Daniel Silalahi, M. Supeno, M. Taufik
Cracking catalytic palm oil (CPO) into hydrocarbon fuel by saponification pretreatment has been carried out with bentonite and limestone-based catalysts. The catalysts used were Na-bentonite and Limestone NTT which were first analyzed using XRF, XRD, and SEM. Saponification pretreatment was carried out on CPO to facilitate the cracking process using a catalyst. The saponification product in the form of a mixture of soap and glycerol was then analyzed by DSC to determine the degradation temperature. Catalytic cracking is carried out in two stages, namely, the first stage hydrocracking at a temperature of 250-350°C using a stainless steel reactor is the source of catalyst Fe / Cr. The resulting distillate was then cracked again using a Na-bentonite catalyst and a TKNTT catalyst. The resulting fuel is a hydrocarbon fuel which is confirmed from the FT-IR results which indicate the presence of long-chain hydrocarbon compounds. This data is also supported by the results of the GC-MS analysis which shows that the fuel fraction produced is mostly biogasoline. Where cracking using a Na-bentonite catalyst produces a biogasoline fraction of 61.36% and a biodiesel fraction of 38.63%, THAT produces a biogasoline fraction of 88.88% and a biodiesel fraction of 11.11%. The characteristics of the hydrocarbon fuels that have been analyzed show that the calorific value of combustion is 6101 cal/g which is determined using a bomb calorimeter, and the cetane index is 62 which is analyzed using CCI. Both types of hydrocarbon fuels have met the physical requirements that must be possessed by biogasoline fuel based on SNI standards.
{"title":"Conversion of Palm Oil (CPO) into Fuel Biogasoline through Thermal Cracking Using a Catalyst Based Na-Bentonite and Limestone of Soil Limestone NTT","authors":"Daniel Silalahi, M. Supeno, M. Taufik","doi":"10.32996/ijbpcs.2021.3.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/ijbpcs.2021.3.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Cracking catalytic palm oil (CPO) into hydrocarbon fuel by saponification pretreatment has been carried out with bentonite and limestone-based catalysts. The catalysts used were Na-bentonite and Limestone NTT which were first analyzed using XRF, XRD, and SEM. Saponification pretreatment was carried out on CPO to facilitate the cracking process using a catalyst. The saponification product in the form of a mixture of soap and glycerol was then analyzed by DSC to determine the degradation temperature. Catalytic cracking is carried out in two stages, namely, the first stage hydrocracking at a temperature of 250-350°C using a stainless steel reactor is the source of catalyst Fe / Cr. The resulting distillate was then cracked again using a Na-bentonite catalyst and a TKNTT catalyst. The resulting fuel is a hydrocarbon fuel which is confirmed from the FT-IR results which indicate the presence of long-chain hydrocarbon compounds. This data is also supported by the results of the GC-MS analysis which shows that the fuel fraction produced is mostly biogasoline. Where cracking using a Na-bentonite catalyst produces a biogasoline fraction of 61.36% and a biodiesel fraction of 38.63%, THAT produces a biogasoline fraction of 88.88% and a biodiesel fraction of 11.11%. The characteristics of the hydrocarbon fuels that have been analyzed show that the calorific value of combustion is 6101 cal/g which is determined using a bomb calorimeter, and the cetane index is 62 which is analyzed using CCI. Both types of hydrocarbon fuels have met the physical requirements that must be possessed by biogasoline fuel based on SNI standards.","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122880748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.32996/IJBPCS.2021.3.1.2
A. Haruna, M. M. Rumah, U. Sani, A. Ibrahim
Schiff base derived from the reaction of 2-amino phenol and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and its Co (II), and Mn (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by solubility test, melting point/ decomposition temperatures, molar conductance, IR and magnetic susceptibility. The number of ligands coordinated to the metal ion was determined using Job’s method of continuous variation. Their molar conductance values indicate that all the complexes are non-electrolytes. Magnetic moment values of the complexes showed that both Mn (II) and Co (II) are paramagnetic. The spectroscopic data of metal complexes indicated that the metal ions are complexed with azomethine nitrogen and deprotonated oxygen atom. Corrosion inhibition of the schiff base and Mn (II) and Co (II) complexes were evaluated using the weight loss method in a 0.1MHCl solution for copper metal. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitors concentration. The negative values of Gibb’s free energy of adsorption (ΔGads) confirmed the spontaneity and physical adsorption of the inhibition process which is inconsistent with Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and corrosion Inhibition Studies on Mn (II) and Co (II) Complexes Derived from 1-{(Z)-[(2-hydroxyphenyl) imino]methyl}naphthalen-2-ol in 1M HCl Solution","authors":"A. Haruna, M. M. Rumah, U. Sani, A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.32996/IJBPCS.2021.3.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/IJBPCS.2021.3.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Schiff base derived from the reaction of 2-amino phenol and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and its Co (II), and Mn (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by solubility test, melting point/ decomposition temperatures, molar conductance, IR and magnetic susceptibility. The number of ligands coordinated to the metal ion was determined using Job’s method of continuous variation. Their molar conductance values indicate that all the complexes are non-electrolytes. Magnetic moment values of the complexes showed that both Mn (II) and Co (II) are paramagnetic. The spectroscopic data of metal complexes indicated that the metal ions are complexed with azomethine nitrogen and deprotonated oxygen atom. Corrosion inhibition of the schiff base and Mn (II) and Co (II) complexes were evaluated using the weight loss method in a 0.1MHCl solution for copper metal. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitors concentration. The negative values of Gibb’s free energy of adsorption (ΔGads) confirmed the spontaneity and physical adsorption of the inhibition process which is inconsistent with Langmuir adsorption isotherm.","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121185845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.32996/IJBPCS.2021.3.1.1
Ummu Rabiu R A, Ahmad Umar faruk, Iliyasu Mahmud Yerima, H. Saidu, Yahaya Rabiu R A, N. Wada
The study assessed the efficacy of Addawa’ul humma for the treatment of typhoid fever. Addawau’l humma is a name given to a herbal preparation consisting of (Mango, Neem, Orange, Lemons, and Guava extract). The preparation was tested and compare with the standard drug Ciprofloxacin as control experiment. Results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Tannins, Glycosides, Anthraquinone, Saponins and Steroid. There is no significance difference between Addawa’ul humma and the standard drug Ciproflxacin (P<0.05). However, the physicochemical analysis result of Addawa’ul humma shows that it has the highest concentration of phosphate and sulphate (0.72 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg respectively). Results of the FT-IR indicated that the preparation consists of unsaturated with Alkanol functional group plus additional carbonyl group as shown by the FT-IR Spectra.
该研究评估了Addawa 'ul humma治疗伤寒的疗效。Addawau 'l humma是一种草药制剂，由(芒果、印度楝树、橙子、柠檬和番石榴提取物)组成。并与标准药物环丙沙星作对照试验。植物化学筛选结果显示，黄酮类、单宁类、苷类、蒽醌类、皂苷类和甾体类化合物均存在。阿达瓦乌尔与标准药环丙沙星比较，差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。然而，对Addawa 'ul humma的理化分析结果显示，它的磷酸盐和硫酸盐浓度最高(分别为0.72 mg/kg和0.2 mg/kg)。红外光谱结果表明，该产物由不饱和烷烃官能团加羰基组成。
{"title":"Application of Addawa’ul Humma Preparation for the Treatment of Typhoid Fever","authors":"Ummu Rabiu R A, Ahmad Umar faruk, Iliyasu Mahmud Yerima, H. Saidu, Yahaya Rabiu R A, N. Wada","doi":"10.32996/IJBPCS.2021.3.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32996/IJBPCS.2021.3.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the efficacy of Addawa’ul humma for the treatment of typhoid fever. Addawau’l humma is a name given to a herbal preparation consisting of (Mango, Neem, Orange, Lemons, and Guava extract). The preparation was tested and compare with the standard drug Ciprofloxacin as control experiment. Results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoid, Tannins, Glycosides, Anthraquinone, Saponins and Steroid. There is no significance difference between Addawa’ul humma and the standard drug Ciproflxacin (P<0.05). However, the physicochemical analysis result of Addawa’ul humma shows that it has the highest concentration of phosphate and sulphate (0.72 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg respectively). Results of the FT-IR indicated that the preparation consists of unsaturated with Alkanol functional group plus additional carbonyl group as shown by the FT-IR Spectra.","PeriodicalId":127127,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological, Physical and Chemical Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131110769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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