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2019 26th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)最新文献

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A New Measurement Technique to Determine the Maximum SAR of Multiple-Antenna Transmitters Using $K$-Order Models and Scalar E-Field Probes 基于K阶模型和标量电场探头的多天线发射机最大SAR测量新技术
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798802
T. Dinh, Kun Li, Soichi Watanabe, Y. Karasawa
In this paper, we develop an $K$-order model expressing the specific absorption rate (SAR) at an observation point when evaluating the electromagnetic exposure to multiple-antenna transmitters. By using the proposed model, we will be able to precisely estimate the SARs for different combinations of the relative phases of the sources, and thus to identify the maximum SAR. Detailed discussions on the $K$-order model and the estimation technique will be presented. We also conduct several measurements to verify the performance of the proposed estimation technique, and compare the effectiveness the proposed technique with conventional techniques. As a result, it is confirmed that the proposed technique with $K$-order estimations can considerably reduce the estimation errors, and thus giving highly precise estimated SAR values. In particular, when evaluating of the SAR of a three-antenna configuration, the maximum estimation error caused by conventional estimations is about 6%, which can be reduced to about 3% or 2% by the 1- and 2-order estimations, respectively.
在本文中,我们建立了一个$K$阶模型来表示在观测点上的特定吸收率(SAR),以评估多天线发射机的电磁暴露。通过使用所提出的模型,我们将能够精确地估计源的相对相位的不同组合的SAR,从而确定最大SAR。将详细讨论$K$阶模型和估计技术。我们还进行了一些测量来验证所提出的估计技术的性能,并将所提出的技术与传统技术的有效性进行了比较。结果表明,采用K阶估计的方法可以大大减少估计误差,从而获得高精度的SAR估计值。特别是,在评估三天线配置的SAR时,常规估计引起的最大估计误差约为6%,通过一阶和二阶估计分别可将其降低到3%或2%左右。
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引用次数: 0
Power Allocation for Proactive Eavesdropping with Spoofing Relay in UAV Systems 基于欺骗中继的无人机系统主动窃听功率分配
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798768
Mingzhu Zhang, Yu Chen, Xiaofeng Tao, I. Darwazeh
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are used in legitimate surveillance systems. In this paper, we consider a wireless monitor system that consists of three UAVs. One UAV acts as a legitimate eavesdropper that adopts 1) spoofing relaying and 2) proactive eavesdropping via jamming techniques. In particular, two scenarios are considered if the legitimate eavesdropper has enough power for successful eavesdropping throughout flight time. If the legitimate eavesdropper has enough power, the formulated problem is a convex optimization problem, which can be solved by standard convex optimization techniques. If not, we formulate a non-convex optimization problem and solve it by an iterative algorithm. Numerical results show that the proposed power allocation scheme outperforms the passive eavesdropping and equally distributed jamming power allocation schemes.
无人驾驶飞行器(uav)用于合法的监视系统。本文研究了一个由三架无人机组成的无线监控系统。一架无人机作为合法的窃听者,采用1)欺骗中继和2)通过干扰技术进行主动窃听。特别是,如果合法窃听者在整个飞行时间内有足够的力量成功窃听,则考虑两种情况。如果合法窃听者有足够的功率,则所表述的问题是一个凸优化问题,可以用标准凸优化技术求解。如果不存在,则构造一个非凸优化问题,并用迭代算法求解。数值结果表明,该功率分配方案优于无源窃听和等分布干扰功率分配方案。
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引用次数: 7
Deep Learning Models for Tuberculosis Detection from Chest X-ray Images 基于胸部x射线图像的结核病检测的深度学习模型
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798798
Quang H. Nguyen, Binh P. Nguyen, S. D. Dao, Balagopal Unnikrishnan, R. Dhingra, Savitha Rani Ravichandran, Sravani Satpathy, Nirmal Raja Palaparthi, M. Chua
This paper explores the usefulness of transfer learning on medical imaging for tuberculosis detection. We show an improved method for transfer learning over the regular method of using ImageNet weights. We also discover that the low-level features from ImageNet weights are not useful for imaging tasks for modalities like X-rays and also propose a new method for obtaining low level features by training the models in a multiclass multilabel scenario. This results in an improved performance in the classification of tuberculosis as opposed to training from a randomly initialized settings. In other words, we have proposed a better way for training in a data constrained setting such as the healthcare sector.
本文探讨了迁移学习在医学影像学肺结核检测中的应用。在使用ImageNet权重的常规方法上,我们展示了一种改进的迁移学习方法。我们还发现来自ImageNet权重的低级特征对于x射线等模式的成像任务没有用处,并提出了一种通过在多类别多标签场景中训练模型来获得低级特征的新方法。与从随机初始化设置进行训练相比,这可以提高结核病分类的性能。换句话说,我们提出了一种在数据受限的环境(如医疗保健部门)中进行训练的更好方法。
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引用次数: 37
Performance Analysis of Vertical and Higher Order Sectorization in Urban Environment at 28 GHz 28ghz城市环境下垂直和高阶扇区性能分析
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798789
Muhammad Usman Sheikh, K. Ruttik, R. Jäntti
The main aim of this paper is to compare the performance of a cellular network using higher order sectorization in a horizontal domain, vertical sectorization, and super cell configuration. The urban macrocellular environment from the city of Helsinki is targeted, and 28 GHz frequency is used as the frequency of operation. Conventional three sector site deployment scenario is also included for reference. The comparative analysis is conducted from different dimensions, and the performance metrics considered in this study includes the SINR, the inner sector traffic share, server dominance with 3 dB overlapping window, and the spectral efficiency of the system. This research work is carried out by doing 3D ray tracing simulations utilizing “sAGA”, a MATLAB based 3D ray tracing tool. It is found more complicated to find the optimal antenna configuration for vertical sectorization and super cell configuration in comparison with higher order sectorization. It is also established from the acquired results that the higher order sectorization is an easy approach for enhancing the cell capacity compared with vertical sectorization and super cell configuration. Higher order sectorization provides a spectral efficiency gain of around 96.7%, whereas the relative spectral efficiency gain of vertical sectorization and super cell configuration is limited to 62.8% and 10.6%, respectively, with respect to three sector site deployment.
本文的主要目的是比较在水平域、垂直扇区和超级单元配置中使用高阶扇区的蜂窝网络的性能。从赫尔辛基市的城市大蜂窝环境为目标,并使用28ghz频率作为工作频率。还包括传统的三扇区站点部署方案,以供参考。从不同的维度进行了比较分析,本研究考虑的性能指标包括SINR、内部扇区流量份额、具有3db重叠窗口的服务器主导地位以及系统的频谱效率。本文的研究工作是利用基于MATLAB的三维光线追踪工具“sAGA”进行三维光线追踪模拟。与高阶扇区相比,垂直扇区和超级小区扇区的最佳天线构型的求解更为复杂。所得结果还表明,与垂直扇形和超级扇形相比,高阶扇形是一种易于提高小区容量的方法。高阶扇区提供了约96.7%的频谱效率增益,而垂直扇区和超级蜂窝配置的相对频谱效率增益分别限制在62.8%和10.6%,相对于三扇区站点部署。
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引用次数: 5
Visible Light Communications: Simplified Co-Equalisation of Fast OFDM in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Configuration 可见光通信:多输入多输出配置中快速OFDM的简化共均衡
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798821
P. Haigh, A. Burton, Zabih Ghassemlooy, I. Darwazeh
In this paper we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a simplified co-equalisation for imaging multiple-input multiple-output based visible light communication systems. We show that in such systems, where all channels have similar magnitude responses, an equaliser trained on a single channel produces coefficients that may be used in the form of a look-up table to equalise the remaining channels without the need for explicit or bespoke training. The system demonstrated is based on the fast-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based on pulse amplitude modulation scheme to improve the spectral efficiency, where a data rate of 80 Mb/s is achieved using four light-emitting diodes, each of a 4 MHz raw bandwidth. We show that the reported system performance closely matches that of the traditional and more computationally complex system in terms of bit-error rate.
在本文中,我们首次实验证明了一种简化的基于成像多输入多输出的可见光通信系统的共均衡。我们表明,在这样的系统中,所有通道都具有相似的幅度响应,在单个通道上训练的均衡器产生的系数可以以查找表的形式使用,以均衡剩余的通道,而无需明确或定制的训练。该系统基于基于脉冲幅度调制的快速正交频分复用方案来提高频谱效率,其中使用4个发光二极管实现80 Mb/s的数据速率,每个发光二极管的原始带宽为4 MHz。我们表明,报告的系统性能在误码率方面与传统的和计算更复杂的系统非常接近。
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引用次数: 2
Extended Space Shift Keying Modulation With Different Receiver Strategies 不同接收策略下的扩展空间移位键控调制
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798766
A. Mokh, M. Hélard, M. Crussiére
Space Shift Keying is a MIMO transmission scheme that has been recently studied as a promising solution for low computational complexity devices. Such a scheme is based on the concept of spatial modulations (SM) where the information is mapped to the index of the transmit (resp. the receive) antenna. When only one antenna is used per symbol duration, an SSK symbol is able to transmit base 2 log of the number of transmit antenna ($N_{t}$). An extended version of the conventional SSK scheme, referred to as Extended SSK (ESSK) has been recently proposed. The proposed technique allows the overall spectral efficiency to be increased such that the total amount of bits reaches $N_{t}$ instead of $log_{2}(N_{t})$ in conventional approaches. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of ESSK scheme with different detection strategies. Analytical results have been also validated through simulations.
空间移位键控是一种MIMO传输方案,最近作为一种有前途的解决方案被研究用于低计算复杂度的设备。这种方案基于空间调制(SM)的概念,其中信息被映射到发射(resp)的索引。接收)天线。当每个符号持续时间内只使用一个天线时,一个SSK符号能够发射以2为基数的发射天线数的对数($N_{t}$)。最近提出了传统SSK方案的扩展版本,称为扩展SSK (ESSK)。所提出的技术允许提高整体频谱效率,使得比特总数达到$N_{t}$,而不是传统方法中的$log_{2}(N_{t})$。在本文中,我们评估了不同检测策略下的ESSK方案的性能。通过仿真验证了分析结果。
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引用次数: 2
Quality Estimation of Noisy Speech Using Spectral Entropy Distance 基于谱熵距离的含噪语音质量估计
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798783
Gabriel Mittag, S. Möller
In this paper, we propose to use spectral entropy distance as a new measure for objective quality estimations of noisy speech. While the perceived quality estimation of a transmitted speech signal under background noise is fairly straight forward, the estimation of noise on active speech is more complex. For example, an increase in loudness can be confused as noise by common quality measures. Also, other distortions, such as interruptions due to packet loss, can decrease the energy in the degraded signal and thus lead to an underestimation of the noisiness. This is especially critical when the noise is only present during active speech segments, as it is the case for quantization noise caused by low bitrate codecs or voice activity detections at the receiver side. The spectral entropy, however, only considers the frequency composition of a signal and does not depend on the signal energy. Therefore, it gives a robust measure of how noisy a signal is in the presence of active speech. In our experiments, we trained a prediction model based on the spectral entropy and obtained excellent prediction results that show that the spectral entropy distance is indeed a useful tool for the quality estimation of noisy speech.
本文提出将谱熵距离作为噪声语音客观质量估计的一种新测度。背景噪声下传输语音信号的感知质量估计比较简单,而主动语音信号的感知质量估计则比较复杂。例如,通过普通的质量测量,声音的增加可能会被混淆为噪音。此外,其他失真,如由于丢包而导致的中断,可以减少降级信号中的能量,从而导致对噪声的低估。当噪声仅在活动语音段中存在时,这一点尤其重要,因为这是由低比特率编解码器或接收端语音活动检测引起的量化噪声的情况。而谱熵只考虑信号的频率组成,不依赖于信号的能量。因此,它提供了一种鲁棒的方法来衡量在主动语音存在的情况下信号的噪声。在我们的实验中,我们训练了一个基于谱熵的预测模型,并获得了良好的预测结果,表明谱熵距离确实是一个有用的工具,用于噪声语音的质量估计。
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引用次数: 1
Improving Energy Efficiency of Finite Time FTN Pulses Detection by Choosing Optimal Envelope Shape 选择最优包络形状提高有限时间FTN脉冲检测的能量效率
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798830
I. Lavrenyuk, A. Ovsyannikova, S. Zavjalov, S. Volvenko, S. Makarov
Numerous works are dedicated to Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling providing symbol rate higher than “Nyquist limit” without energy losses. It is necessary to use infinite pulses or pulses with rather long duration for FTN signaling. Using limited duration of FTN pulses allows to simplify the structure of transceiver but causes challenges with measurement of spectral efficiency. Finite time optimal pulses with controlled level of intersymbol interference (ISI) may be used for FTN signaling. In this work it is proposed to solve optimization problem taking into account limitation on Euclidean distance between different realizations of two random FTN signals. Obtained optimal FTN signals provide the gain in energy efficiency about 2 dB and 4 times higher spectral efficiency comparing to the known spectrally efficient signals based on RRC pulses.
许多工作致力于比奈奎斯特更快(FTN)信令,提供比“奈奎斯特极限”更高的符号速率而没有能量损失。FTN信令需要使用无限脉冲或相当长持续时间的脉冲。使用有限持续时间的FTN脉冲可以简化收发器的结构,但会给频谱效率的测量带来挑战。可控制码间干扰(ISI)水平的有限时间最优脉冲可用于FTN信令。本文提出了考虑两个随机FTN信号不同实现之间欧氏距离限制的优化问题。与基于RRC脉冲的已知频谱效率信号相比,获得的最优FTN信号的能量效率增益约为2db,频谱效率提高了4倍。
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引用次数: 14
An Enhanced Relay Selection Scheme for NOMA-based Cooperative Opportunistic Multicast Scheme 一种基于noma的合作机会组播中继选择增强方案
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798861
Yufang Zhang, Xiaoxiang Wang, Dongyu Wang, Qiang Zhao, Yibo Zhang
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based cooperative opportunistic multicast scheme uses the efficient relay selection range (ERSR) with a fixed radius to select user relay (UR). This results in UR redundancy, especially in the cell centre with high density of candidate UR. Coverage efficiency, defined as the ratio of the number of successful users to that of URs, is low. Aiming at this problem, a range division user relay selection scheme (termed as RDUR) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, it divides the circular coverage range of base station into several continuous annular areas (AAs). Secondly, different AAs are allocated different ERSRs (i.e., the radius of ERSR is different), which decides the width of AA. Lastly, the ERSR set that optimizes system coverage efficiency is used to perform UR selection. From simulation results, through RDUR, coverage efficiency increases by at least 28%, even though capacity efficiency decreases by 6%.
基于非正交多址(NOMA)的合作机会组播方案利用具有固定半径的有效中继选择范围(ERSR)来选择用户中继(UR)。这导致了UR冗余,特别是在候选UR密度高的细胞中心。覆盖效率(即成功用户数量与用户数量之比)较低。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种分程用户中继选择方案(RDUR)。首先,将基站的圆形覆盖范围划分为若干连续的环形区域(AAs);其次,不同的AA被分配不同的ERSR(即ERSR半径不同),这决定了AA的宽度。最后,利用优化系统覆盖效率的ERSR集进行UR选择。从仿真结果来看,通过RDUR,虽然容量效率降低了6%,但覆盖效率至少提高了28%。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal Packet Length for Cooperative Systems 合作系统的最优数据包长度
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICT.2019.8798851
Ghassan Alnwaimi, H. Boujemaa
In this article, we optimize packet length for cooperative systems. Packet length optimization allows to increase data rates. Our analysis is valid for dual hop and multihop relaying. Two adaptation protocols are studied where the adaptation of packet and Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) are made with respect to Average Signal to Noise Ratio (ASNR) or instantaneous SNR (ISNR). Results show that packet length optimization allows 1.5-2.5 dB gain.
在本文中,我们优化了协作系统的数据包长度。数据包长度优化允许提高数据速率。我们的分析对双跳和多跳中继是有效的。研究了两种自适应协议,分别针对平均信噪比(ASNR)和瞬时信噪比(ISNR)对分组和调制编码方案(MCS)进行了自适应。结果表明,包长度优化允许1.5-2.5 dB增益。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2019 26th International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)
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