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Development of Non-Timber Forest Product Industry in the Context of Trade Globalization: A Case Study in Wuyishan, China 贸易全球化背景下的非木材林产品产业发展——以武夷山为例
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-18 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad009
Yixuan Luo, Xiao Feng
With the trend of trade globalization, developing countries have an indispensable role in the global value chain. In China, production and trade of forest products appear to be considerably sensitive in balancing industry development and ecological conservation. Simultaneously, increased trade in non-timber forest products (NTFPs) has merged as a new direction for sustainable forestry development. This study explores the effect of the NTFP trade globalization process on NTFP producer capital input using a dataset of 976 oolong tea producers in Wuyishan City, China, from 2008 to 2020. We ran pooled- ordinary least square regression and the results show that the trade globalization process of tea products is a driving force in oolong tea producer capital inputs in Wuyishan City, which increases with forest resources and producer scale. Additionally, our findings reveal that the local government implemented a fiscal policy to promote a sustainable composite model (SCM) in tea production, which includes terrace protection, organic fertilizers, tea-broadleaf symbiosis, and ecological water systems. Given structural growth in demand for tea products driven by trade globalization, the SCM promotion policy enhanced the quantity and quality of oolong tea products based on a harmonious coexistence with nature resulting in a mutually beneficial outcome for the government and producers. Study Implications: Results of our study provide evidence that NTFP trade globalization and diversification can promote the NTFP industry by increasing productive capital inputs by producers and innovatively summarize an environmentally benign solution for the adjustment of the production model of NTFPs. The scarcity of forestland and the social uses of forest resources require embedding sustainable governance into the development of the NTFP industry. With government support, the new model of sustainable NTFP production can serve the long-term planning of rational forest resource use.
在贸易全球化的大趋势下,发展中国家在全球价值链中扮演着不可或缺的角色。在中国,林产品的生产和贸易在平衡产业发展和生态保护方面显得相当敏感。同时,增加非木材林产品贸易已成为可持续林业发展的一个新方向。本文利用武夷山市2008 - 2020年976家乌龙茶生产商的数据,探讨了NTFP贸易全球化进程对NTFP生产者资本投入的影响。结果表明,茶叶产品贸易全球化进程是武夷山市乌龙茶生产者资本投入的驱动因素,乌龙茶生产者资本投入随着森林资源和生产者规模的增加而增加。此外,我们的研究结果表明,地方政府实施了财政政策,以促进可持续的复合模式(SCM)在茶叶生产中,包括梯田保护、有机肥、茶阔叶共生和生态水系统。在贸易全球化带动的茶叶产品需求结构性增长的背景下,供应链促进政策在与自然和谐相处的基础上,提高了乌龙茶产品的数量和质量,实现了政府和生产者的互利共赢。研究启示:本文的研究结果证明了NTFP贸易全球化和多样化能够通过增加生产者的生产性资本投入来促进NTFP产业的发展,并创新性地总结了NTFP生产模式调整的环保解决方案。林地的稀缺性和森林资源的社会利用要求将可持续治理纳入NTFP产业的发展。在政府的支持下,可持续生产NTFP的新模式可以服务于合理利用森林资源的长期规划。
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引用次数: 0
Silvicultural Treatments Affect Growth and Foliar Nutrients in a Young Ponderosa Pine Stand 造林处理对黄松幼林生长和叶面养分的影响
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad010
J. Moore, Zhaofei Fan, T. Shaw
Foliar nutrient status, diameter, and height growth were investigated for young ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) stands grown under six fertilizer and herbicide treatments (including control) in southeast Washington to diagnose foliar nutrient status and evaluate the effects of silvicultural treatments on growth rates. Two application methods of fertilizer (one “best guess” multi-nutrient fertilizer blend) and herbicide applications (broadcast or spot) were used in the study. Broadcast herbicide application produced higher tree growth responses than spot application. The two broadcast application methods improved diameter increments by 43.3%, whereas the average response of the three spot application methods during the third growing season was only 14.5%. Height growth response for these same two treatments was much less than the diameter response. Fertilizer application in addition to herbicide did not significantly increase tree growth over herbicide alone. Foliar nutrient response to fertilization based on foliar vector analysis was inconsistent, possibly due to nutrient imbalances resulting from the one multi-nutrient blend used in our experiment. Control of grass completion produced a rapid posttreatment early growth trajectory and suggested that stand establishment was successful in this plantation. Our results should also be useful in naturally regenerated young ponderosa pine forests subject to heavy grass competition. Study Implications: Given the increasing need for reforestation in the western United States, results from our study should provide useful information for forest managers. Stand establishment is a critical phase for ponderosa pine stands. Broadcast herbicide application in a recently established plantation produced a rapid early growth trajectory. In this experiment, reducing severe sod grass competition was the most important factor that increased tree growth. Our results may also apply to naturally regenerated ponderosa pine stands. Fertilization with a multi-nutrient fertilizer blend did not significantly increase tree growth as a separate treatment or when combined with herbicide. Foliar nutrient response to fertilization was inconsistent, possibly due to nutrient imbalances resulting from the multi-nutrient fertilizer blend used in our experiment. Fertilization rate and nutrient composition trials are needed to develop effective fertilization treatments in young ponderosa pine stands. Based on our results, fertilizing without vegetation control is not recommended when there is heavy grass competition. The grasses proliferated following only fertilization to the detriment of the trees. For the conditions in our study, we cannot recommend adding fertilizer in addition to the herbicide as a treatment because fertilization did not significantly increase tree growth over herbicide alone. We feel fertilization rate and nutrient composition trials are needed to develop effective fertilization treatments in young ponderosa
研究了华盛顿东南部6种施肥和除草剂处理(包括对照)下黄松幼林的叶片营养状况、直径和高度生长情况,以诊断叶片营养状况并评价不同造林处理对生长速率的影响。试验采用了两种施肥方法(一种“最佳猜测”的多养分肥料混合施用)和除草剂(撒播或现场施用)。撒播除草剂对树木生长的影响高于现场施用。两种喷施方式可提高直径增量43.3%,而三种点施方式在第三生长期的平均响应仅为14.5%。这两种处理的高生长响应远小于直径响应。与单独施用除草剂相比,施用化肥对树木生长没有显著的促进作用。基于叶面媒介分析的叶面养分对施肥的响应不一致,可能是由于我们实验中使用的一种多养分混合造成的养分不平衡。控制育草产生了处理后快速的早期生长轨迹,表明该人工林的立林是成功的。我们的研究结果也适用于受牧草激烈竞争影响的自然再生黄松幼林。研究意义:考虑到美国西部对重新造林的需求日益增加,我们的研究结果应该为森林管理者提供有用的信息。林分建立是黄松林分发育的关键阶段。在新建立的人工林中撒播除草剂产生了快速的早期生长轨迹。在本试验中,减少激烈的草皮竞争是促进树木生长的最重要因素。我们的研究结果也适用于自然再生的黄松林。作为单独处理或与除草剂联合施用,混合施用多营养肥对树木生长没有显著的促进作用。叶片对施肥的营养反应不一致,可能是由于我们试验中使用的多营养肥料混合造成的营养不平衡。为制定有效的黄松幼林施肥处理,需要进行施肥量和养分组成试验。根据我们的研究结果,当牧草竞争激烈时,不建议施肥而不控制植被。草只在施肥后繁殖,而损害了树木。在我们研究的条件下,我们不能推荐在除草剂的基础上添加肥料,因为施肥并不比单独使用除草剂显著地促进树木生长。我们认为有必要进行施肥率和养分组成试验,以制定有效的黄松幼林施肥处理。黄松林的建立对其未来可能生产的木材及其提供的生态效益至关重要。我们推荐撒播除草剂作为一种有效的造林处理,以控制黄松林分建立过程中的竞争植被(在我们的实验中来自禾草)。我们的研究表明,从植被控制开始的处理后早期生长轨迹表明林分建立是成功的。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: The Decision Trees Method to Support the Choice of Economic Evaluation Procedure: The Case of Protection Forests 修正:支持经济评价程序选择的决策树方法:以防护林为例
4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad016
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引用次数: 0
Genetic Parameter Estimates from a Polymix Breeding Population of Pinus taeda L. 红松多交育种群体遗传参数的估算。
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad006
M. Alan, K. Payn, S. McKeand, F. Isik
Estimation of genetic parameters from progeny testing is essential for many important decisions in forest tree breeding. In this study, we estimated heritabilities, trait-trait genetic correlations, and genotype by environment (GxE) interactions using a large multi-environmental data set of Pinus taeda L. in the southern United States. In the study, 284 parents were pollinated with a pollen mix and were field tested in four different test series. A total of twenty tests (two to seven tests per series) were established using randomized complete block design with single tree plots. Half-sib family-mean heritability estimates within individual test series varied considerably for all the traits. Pooled estimates of half-sib family-mean heritability estimates across series were 0.81 for fusiform rust incidence; they were relatively lower for tree height (0.68), diameter at breast height (DBH; 0.66), and stem straightness (0.58). Genetic correlations between pairs of traits were low except for height and diameter, which had a high genetic correlation (0.79). Additive genetic correlations between pairs of sites within test series (as a measure of GxE) varied. The pooled estimates ranged between 0.65 (DBH) to 0.80 (fusiform rust). The results suggest that polymix mating is efficient for parental selection in Pinus taeda L. and for deployment in the seed orchards. Study Implications: This study focused on genetic variation in the Piedmont breeding population of Pinus taeda L. in the United States. The Piedmont population was developed for more inland and colder regions of the species. Fusiform rust disease incidence of pine species of southeastern United States is a major threat to pine plantations. Understanding the level of genetic control on disease outcome is vital to develop sound breeding strategies and recommend deployment practices to mitigate the economic loss of landowners. The results provide valuable information to breeders to select disease-resistant genotypes to breed and put into seed orchards to mass-produce stock for planting.
从子代测试中估计遗传参数对林木育种中的许多重要决策至关重要。在这项研究中,我们利用美国南部的一个大型多环境数据集估计了遗传力、性状-性状遗传相关性和环境相互作用的基因型(GxE)。在这项研究中,284个亲本用花粉混合物授粉,并在四个不同的试验系列中进行田间试验。采用单树图随机完全区组设计,共建立了20个试验(每个系列2 ~ 7个试验)。在单个测试系列中,对所有性状的半同胞家庭平均遗传力估计差异很大。梭形锈病发病率的同父异母家族平均遗传力估计为0.81;树高(0.68)、胸径(DBH)相对较低;0.66),阀杆直线度(0.58)。除株高和株径具有较高的遗传相关(0.79)外,其余性状间的遗传相关均较低。测试序列中位点对之间的加性遗传相关性(作为GxE的测量)各不相同。综合估计范围在0.65 (DBH)到0.80(梭形锈病)之间。结果表明,多交杂交对红松的亲本选择和种子园部署具有较好的效果。研究意义:本研究对美国山前松林(Pinus taeda L.)繁殖群体的遗传变异进行了研究。皮埃蒙特种群在内陆和较冷的地区发展。美国东南部松树品种的梭形锈病发病率是松树人工林的主要威胁。了解对疾病结果的遗传控制水平对于制定合理的育种战略和建议部署实践以减轻土地所有者的经济损失至关重要。研究结果为育种人员选择抗病基因型进行育种和种子园批量生产砧木提供了有价值的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: Productivity of Clonal Ilex paraguariensis Genotypes in a Semi-Hydroponic System Is Reduced by Shading 更正:半水培系统中无性系巴拉圭冬青基因型的生产力因遮荫而降低
4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad015
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of Landowners’ Intention to Manage Emerald Ash Borer in Kentucky 肯塔基州土地所有者管理祖母绿灰螟意愿的预测因素
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad008
R. Adhikari, N. Poudyal, T. Ochuodho, Rajan Parajuli, Omkar Joshi, Sayeed R. Mehmood, J. Munsell, Gaurav Dhungel, W. Thomas, E. Crocker, Mo Zhou
Native ash species in the central hardwood region of the United States have been threatened by infestations of emerald ash borers (EAB), which have caused significant damage to the forests’ ecological and economic value. Because private landowners own most of these forestlands, their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are important in managing EAB effectively across the landscape. We conducted a mail survey of landowners in Kentucky, where EAB are spreading across the state and causing variable levels of damage depending upon how long they have been established, and assessed whether and how psychosocial and demographic factors help explain the landowner’s behavioral intention to manage EAB on their property. The results of an ordinal logistic regression model, grounded in a modified theory of planned behavior framework, suggested that severity of risk perception, knowledge about management options, importance of economic objectives, and perceived group efficacy were related positively to landowners’ intention to manage EAB. These findings shed light on landowners’ perspective of EAB’s effects and the role of psychosocial factors in their motivation to adopt EAB control options. Study Implications: Landowners’ active participation can be critical in managing EAB effectively in privately owned forests. This study found that landowners’ management intentions depended on their perception of EAB risks, knowledge of EAB prevention, and perceived cooperation among landowners. Raising awareness of EAB threats, educating landowners on the control options available, and promoting collaborative approaches to combat EAB at the regional scale can help increase landowners’ participation in EAB management. Taking a collaborative approach is important to address such transboundary problems as EAB infestations because such an approach ensures that relevant agencies will provide landowners with continuous legal, technical, and financial support.
美国中部阔叶林地区的原生白蜡树种受到了绿灰蛀虫(EAB)的威胁,对森林的生态和经济价值造成了严重的破坏。由于私人土地所有者拥有这些林地的大部分,他们的知识、态度和行为对于有效地管理整个景观中的EAB非常重要。我们对肯塔基州的土地所有者进行了一项邮件调查,在肯塔基州,EAB正在全州蔓延,并根据其建立的时间长短造成不同程度的损害,并评估了社会心理和人口统计学因素是否以及如何帮助解释了土地所有者在其财产上管理EAB的行为意图。基于改进的计划行为框架理论的有序逻辑回归模型的结果表明,风险感知的严重程度、管理选择的知识、经济目标的重要性和感知的群体效能与土地所有者管理EAB的意愿呈正相关。这些发现揭示了土地所有者对EAB影响的看法,以及社会心理因素在他们采取EAB控制方案的动机中的作用。研究意义:土地所有者的积极参与对于有效管理私人拥有的森林中的EAB至关重要。本研究发现,土地所有者的管理意愿取决于其对EAB风险的认知、对EAB预防知识的认知以及对土地所有者之间合作的认知。提高对虫害威胁的认识,教育土地所有者了解现有的控制选择,并促进在区域范围内采取合作方法来打击虫害,有助于提高土地所有者对虫害管理的参与。采取合作方法对于解决诸如EAB侵扰等跨界问题很重要,因为这种方法确保有关机构将向土地所有者提供持续的法律、技术和财政支持。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the Occurrence of Hollows in Trees in Managed Forest in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon 巴西东部亚马逊地区人工林树木空心现象的评价
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad007
Misael Freitas dos Santos, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, J. Gama, Fabiane Aparecida de Sousa Retslaff, Daniele Lima da Costa
This study proposed to generate information related to the abundance and the structural characteristics of hollows at the tree and species levels in an area of managed forest in the Amazon. A database was used that was composed of 29,899 trees from thirty-eight species that were inventoried, harvested, and measured in ten annual production units that were managed between 2008 and 2017 in the Tapajós National Forest, state of Pará, Brazil. The data was tabulated and reported in absolute and percentage values. Contingency tables were created to identify patterns of occurrence of hollows in commercial stems. A total of 24% of the harvested trees had hollows in at least one section of the commercial stem, and species had different propensities for hollow occurrence. It was found that the larger the tree diameter the greater the possibility for occurrence of hollows, and these hollows were proportionally larger. Most of the hollows in harvested trees were small. Patterns of occurrence in commercial stem hollows were observed, and these were dependent on tree species and size. Most trees had hollows distributed along the entire stem or only at the base of the stem. Study Implications: The presence of hollows in managed native forest trees in the Amazon depends on the species, and trees with larger diameters have a greater probability of having hollows. Furthermore, trees with larger diameters have hollows that have larger diameters, lengths, and volumes. Commercial trees have different patterns of hollows along the stem, and these patterns are dependent on tree species and size. The results of this study will contribute to management of trees with hollows in the Amazon Forest as well as to serve as a base for future studies related to this theme.
本研究提出在亚马逊地区的管理森林中产生与树和物种水平上的空洞丰度和结构特征相关的信息。使用了一个数据库,该数据库由来自38个物种的29,899棵树组成,这些树在2008年至2017年期间在巴西帕尔州Tapajós国家森林的10个年度生产单位中进行了清点、采伐和测量。数据以绝对和百分比值制成表格并报告。创建了列联表,以确定商业茎中空洞的发生模式。共有24%的采伐树木在至少一段商业茎上有空心,并且物种有不同的空心发生倾向。研究发现,树径越大,出现空心的可能性越大,且空心的比例越大。在收获的树木中,大多数空心都很小。观察了商业茎空的发生模式,这些依赖于树种和大小。大多数树木的空洞分布在整个茎上或只分布在茎的基部。研究启示:亚马逊地区经管理的原生森林树木中是否存在空心取决于物种,直径较大的树木更有可能出现空心。此外,直径较大的树的空洞直径、长度和体积都较大。商品树沿着树干有不同的空心图案,这些图案取决于树种和大小。本研究的结果将有助于亚马逊森林中空心树的管理,并为今后与该主题相关的研究奠定基础。
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引用次数: 0
Building Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptive Capacity: a Systematic Review of Aspen Ecology and Management in the Southwest 建立生态系统的恢复力和适应能力:西南地区白杨生态与管理的系统综述
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad004
Connor D. Crouch, P. Rogers, M. M. Moore, K. Waring
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) has high conservation value on the southwestern edge of its range, which extends from the southwestern United States (i.e., Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas) to central Mexico. This value is driven by aspen’s ecological importance, positive impact on local economies, and aesthetic and cultural values. Generally, the scant aspen populations that remain in the Southwest lack resilience and adaptive capacity, and managers are unsure how best to maintain the species in an uncertain future. This systematic review seeks to address that need by reviewing existing literature from the Southwest on which biotic and abiotic factors influence aspen forest dynamics and by synthesizing that literature with a discussion of how management can promote aspen ecosystem resilience and adaptive capacity. We found that fire and silvicultural treatments promote aspen regeneration, but chronic ungulate browse inhibits recruitment. Moreover, drought is a driver of overstory mortality and has a negative influence on recruitment. In the second half of this review, we propose three management objectives for increasing aspen resilience and adaptive capacity: (1) promote diversity in age structure, (2) mitigate ungulate impacts, and (3) enhance complexity. We consider how various management strategies could meet these objectives and highlight potential threats to aspen forest health and resilience.
震杨(Populus tremuloides micx .)分布在美国西南部(即亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州和德克萨斯州)至墨西哥中部,在其分布范围的西南边缘具有很高的保护价值。这一价值是由白杨的生态重要性、对当地经济的积极影响以及审美和文化价值驱动的。总的来说,西南地区稀少的白杨种群缺乏恢复力和适应能力,管理人员不确定如何在不确定的未来最好地维持这个物种。本系统综述旨在通过回顾来自西南地区的关于生物和非生物因素影响白杨林动态的现有文献,并将这些文献与管理如何促进白杨林生态系统恢复力和适应能力的讨论相结合,来解决这一需求。我们发现,火灾和造林处理促进杨树再生,但慢性有蹄类浏览抑制招募。此外,干旱是导致林下植被死亡的一个因素,并对招募产生负面影响。在本综述的后半部分,我们提出了提高白杨恢复力和适应能力的三个管理目标:(1)促进年龄结构的多样性,(2)减轻有蹄类影响,(3)提高复杂性。我们考虑各种管理战略如何能够实现这些目标,并强调对白杨林健康和恢复力的潜在威胁。
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引用次数: 0
USDA Forest Service Timber Products Output Survey Item Nonresponse Analysis 美国农业部林业局木材产品产出调查项目无响应分析
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxad003
M. Markowski-Lindsay, C. Brandeis, B. Butler
The Timber Products Output (TPO) survey is used to determine industrial uses of roundwood, reporting on volumes of roundwood received and residues generated by the primary forest industry by tree species and counties of harvest. This knowledge aids stakeholders in making informed decisions about available forest resources and/or harvest intensity. The widespread use of TPO estimates makes it important to understand the scale and scope of missing data in the survey. This first attempt analyzed respondent-level and question-level nonresponse (RLNR and QLNR, respectively) for Northern and Southern TPO regions, comparing response to mill profile questions (those providing general business information) to those related to mill activity (that related to wood processing information). The RLNR differed between regions, by question grouping, survey mode, and mill volume. The QLNR results for selected mill activity questions indicate that the Southern region generally has lower nonresponse than the Northern region. Parametric analysis of RLNR indicated survey mode was significant for both question groups in the Northern region whereas mill type was significant for mill activity questions in the Southern region. The QLNR parametric analysis indicated self-administered surveys in the Northern region were associated with higher nonresponse, and surveys completed by sawmills in the Southern region were associated with lower nonresponse. Study Implications: Analysis of survey item nonresponse in the national Timber Products Output survey provides analytic background needed to assess the accuracy and completeness of the survey data. Population estimates from the data are used to monitor roundwood production and make informed decisions about forest resources. Responses varied across specific questions, and regional differences appeared to be related to survey mode. Current survey design could be improved to allow for analysis of all survey questions and assessment of the quality of responses. For nonresponse adjustment methods to be comparable across regions, factors causing observed regional difference should first be addressed.
木材产品产出(TPO)调查用于确定圆材的工业用途,报告按树种和采伐县划分的原始森林工业收到的圆材数量和产生的残余物。这些知识有助于利益攸关方就现有森林资源和/或采伐强度作出知情决定。TPO估计的广泛使用使得了解调查中缺失数据的规模和范围变得重要。第一次尝试分析了北部和南部TPO地区的受访者层面和问题层面的无回应(分别为RLNR和QLNR),比较了对工厂概况问题(提供一般商业信息的问题)和与工厂活动有关的问题(与木材加工信息有关的问题)的回应。根据问题分组、调查模式和工厂数量,RLNR在地区之间存在差异。对于选定的工厂活动问题的QLNR结果表明,南部地区通常比北部地区有更低的无响应。RLNR的参数分析表明,调查模式对北部地区的两个问题组都有显著性,而工厂类型对南部地区的工厂活动问题有显著性。QLNR参数分析表明,北部地区的自我管理调查与较高的无反应相关,南部地区的锯木厂完成的调查与较低的无反应相关。研究意义:对全国木材产品产量调查中调查项目无反应的分析提供了评估调查数据准确性和完整性所需的分析背景。从数据中得出的人口估计数用于监测圆木生产,并对森林资源作出明智的决定。具体问题的回答各不相同,地区差异似乎与调查方式有关。目前的调查设计可以改进,以便分析所有调查问题和评估答复的质量。要使非响应平差方法在区域间具有可比性,首先要解决造成观测到的区域差异的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Woodboring Beetle (Buprestidae, Cerambycidae) Responses to Hurricane Michael in Variously Damaged Southeastern US Pine Plantations 美国东南部不同受损松林中蛀木甲虫对飓风“迈克尔”的响应
IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-02-09 DOI: 10.1093/forsci/fxac058
Chelsea N. Miller, B. Barnes, Sarah Kinz, Seth C. Spinner, J. Vogt, E. McCarty, K. Gandhi
In October 2018, catastrophic Hurricane Michael caused $1.7 billion in damage to standing timber in Florida, USA. To inform recovery efforts, varying levels of damaged (low, moderate, and high) slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm) stands were sampled for woodboring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae; Cerambycidae). These beetles generally colonize stressed and damaged trees, and their larval tunneling activities reduce the value of timber salvaged post disturbance. From 2019 to 2020, 3,810 adults of 32 species were trapped. Acanthocinus obsoletus Olivier and Monochamus sp. complex (M. titillator Fabricius; M. carolinensis Olivier) comprised 86% of all catches. Approximately 50% and 60% more woodborers, especially Monochamus sp., were trapped in moderate-damage stands in 2019 than in high- and low-damage stands, respectively. This trend was not present in 2020. From 2019 to 2020, total catches increased by ~29%, reflected by increases in Monochamus sp. and Xylotrechus sagittatus Germar. In 2019, high-damage stands had the greatest species richness, followed by low- and moderate-damage stands. Species composition in 2019 did not differ among variously damaged stands, but was more heterogeneous in low-damage than high-damage stands in 2020. Results indicate that timely salvage harvesting of moderate- and high-damage stands after catastrophic wind disturbances may lower the economic impacts by subcortical woodboring beetles.
2018年10月,灾难性飓风“迈克尔”给美国佛罗里达州的立木造成了17亿美元的损失。为了为恢复工作提供信息,对不同程度(低、中、高)受损的湿地松(Pinus elliottii Engelm)林分进行了蛀木甲虫(鞘翅目:布氏科;天牛科)。这些甲虫通常在受压和受损的树木上定居,它们的幼虫挖洞活动降低了干扰后被回收的木材的价值。2019 - 2020年共捕获32种成虫3810只。棘棘虫(cananthocinus obsoletus Olivier)和棘棘虫(Monochamus sp. complex)卡罗林螺(M. carolinensis Olivier)占总渔获量的86%。2019年,被困在中度危害林分的蛀虫,尤其是单夜蛾,分别比高危害林分和低危害林分的蛀虫多出约50%和60%。这一趋势在2020年并不存在。从2019年到2020年,总捕获量增加了约29%,主要表现为单足鼠和德国矢状木鼠的增加。2019年,高损害林分物种丰富度最高,其次是低、中损害林分。2019年不同毁害林分物种组成差异不大,但2020年低毁害林分物种组成异质性大于高毁害林分。结果表明,对中高损失率林分进行及时的回收采伐,可以降低皮质下伐木甲虫对林分的经济影响。
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Forest Science
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