Two centuries after the release of Chrysanthos’ Εισαγωγή εις το Θεωρητικόν και Πρακτικόν της Εκκλησιαστικής Μουσικής, this treatise remains one of the most important sources of theoretical thought in the field of Greek Orthodox Ecclesiastical Music. Moreover, it is widely known that the theoretical essays of Chrysanthos played a catalytic role regarding the structure of the modal system of Octaechia, the formulation of the new Parasemantiki notation, as well as contemporary performance practices. Indeed, Chrysanthos’ contribution to the reformation of the notation system as well as the way he attributed the theoretical content of Ecclesiastical Music, influenced the entire theoretical thought that was produced, at least until the last decades of the 19th century[1]. Therefore, despite individual disagreements that were expressed within the psaltic milieu of the 19th century[2], almost all of the theoreticians who succeeded Chrysanthos based their thought on his fundamental principles. Thus, it is worth mentioning that in treatises that followed the Reform of 1814, repetitions are frequently detected, even of Chrysanthos’ points that could be considered as scientifically problematic[3].[1] See Νίκος Ανδρίκος, Η Εκκλησιαστική μουσική της Σμύρνης (1800-1922), (2015), 124.[2] About this issue, see Αντώνιος Χατζόπουλος, Η εκκλησιαστική μουσική παιδεία στην εκκλησία της Κωνσταντινουπόλεως κατά το 19ο και 20ό αιώνα, (2000); Αχιλλεύς Χαλδαιάκης, “Η διδασκαλία της Ψαλτικής Τέχνης: Παρελθόν, παρόν και μέλλον”, Βυζαντινομουσικολογικά, Τόμος Α΄, Θεωρία, (2014), 50-52.[3] Among others, the most indicative example was the repetition of Chrysanthos’ misguided calculation-measurement of the basic scale’s size. This issue became the reason of a wide discourse between important theoreticians of the 19th century through the daily and periodical press and led to the convocation of the Music Committee of 1881. See Ανδρίκος, 135-145.
在Chrysanthos的著作Εισαγωγή εις το Θεωρητικόν και Πρακτικόν της Εκκλησιαστικής Μουσικής发表两个世纪后，这篇论文仍然是希腊东正教教会音乐领域最重要的理论思想来源之一。此外，众所周知，Chrysanthos的理论文章对Octaechia的模态系统结构，新Parasemantiki符号的制定以及当代的演奏实践都起到了催化作用。事实上，基桑托斯对乐谱系统改革的贡献，以及他对教会音乐理论内容的贡献，影响了整个理论思想的产生，至少直到19世纪最后几十年。因此，尽管在19世纪的诗歌环境中表达了个人的分歧，但几乎所有继承菊花的理论家都将他们的思想建立在他的基本原则之上。因此，值得一提的是，在1814年改革之后的论文中，经常发现重复，甚至是菊花的观点可能被认为是科学问题[3]. b[1]看到ΝίκοςΑνδρίκος,ΗΕκκλησιαστικήμουσικήτηςΣμύρνης(1800 - 1922),(2015),124。[2]关于这个问题,请参阅ΑντώνιοςΧατζόπουλος,ΗεκκλησιαστικήμουσικήπαιδείαστηνεκκλησίατηςΚωνσταντινουπόλεωςκατάτ19οοκα20όιαιώνα,(2000);ΑχιλλεύςΧαλδαιάκης,“ΗδιδασκαλίατηςΨαλτικήςΤέχνης:Παρελθόν,παρόνκαιμέλλον”,Βυζαντινομουσικολογικά,ΤόμοςΑ΄,Θεωρία,(2014),百分比较。[3]其中，最具代表性的例子是重复了Chrysanthos的错误计算——测量基本尺度的大小。这个问题成为19世纪重要理论家之间通过日刊媒体广泛讨论的原因，并导致1881年音乐委员会的召开。参见Ανδρίκος， 135-145。
{"title":"Chrysanthine theoretical thought and notation system-The relation between Orality and Textuality","authors":"Nikos Andrikos","doi":"10.12681/EML.28006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.28006","url":null,"abstract":"Two centuries after the release of Chrysanthos’ Εισαγωγή εις το Θεωρητικόν και Πρακτικόν της Εκκλησιαστικής Μουσικής, this treatise remains one of the most important sources of theoretical thought in the field of Greek Orthodox Ecclesiastical Music. Moreover, it is widely known that the theoretical essays of Chrysanthos played a catalytic role regarding the structure of the modal system of Octaechia, the formulation of the new Parasemantiki notation, as well as contemporary performance practices. Indeed, Chrysanthos’ contribution to the reformation of the notation system as well as the way he attributed the theoretical content of Ecclesiastical Music, influenced the entire theoretical thought that was produced, at least until the last decades of the 19th century[1]. Therefore, despite individual disagreements that were expressed within the psaltic milieu of the 19th century[2], almost all of the theoreticians who succeeded Chrysanthos based their thought on his fundamental principles. Thus, it is worth mentioning that in treatises that followed the Reform of 1814, repetitions are frequently detected, even of Chrysanthos’ points that could be considered as scientifically problematic[3].[1] See Νίκος Ανδρίκος, Η Εκκλησιαστική μουσική της Σμύρνης (1800-1922), (2015), 124.[2] About this issue, see Αντώνιος Χατζόπουλος, Η εκκλησιαστική μουσική παιδεία στην εκκλησία της Κωνσταντινουπόλεως κατά το 19ο και 20ό αιώνα, (2000); Αχιλλεύς Χαλδαιάκης, “Η διδασκαλία της Ψαλτικής Τέχνης: Παρελθόν, παρόν και μέλλον”, Βυζαντινομουσικολογικά, Τόμος Α΄, Θεωρία, (2014), 50-52.[3] Among others, the most indicative example was the repetition of Chrysanthos’ misguided calculation-measurement of the basic scale’s size. This issue became the reason of a wide discourse between important theoreticians of the 19th century through the daily and periodical press and led to the convocation of the Music Committee of 1881. See Ανδρίκος, 135-145. ","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126604393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article focuses on the technique and art of the so-called exegesis, the traditional interpretation of the kalophonic piece Ἀπόλαυε τῶν θαυμάτων τὰς ἰάσεις – Enjoy, seing the miraculous healings, in honor of St Demetrios, by St John Koukouzeles, in the first authentic mode. It is based on the manuscripts Zakynthos 7, Metochion Panagiou Taphou 728, and three Anthologia from the Music School of the Putna Monastery, and highlights several exegetical procedures through microsyntactical and generative analyses of chosen passages of the piece. The profile of the kalophonic melody revealed through the slow exegesis is mainly characterized by stepwise up-and-down movements of the voice around and between the structural notes, with few skips only, and in a perfect balance with the poetical text, which emerges for the singer and the listener syllable by syllable, carried on a continuous melodic flow, a sort of Byzantine ‘unendliche Melodie’.
本文的重点是所谓的训诂术的技术和艺术，即对kalophonic作品Ἀπ ο λα ο ε τ ο ν θα ο μ τ τ ν ν τ ς ς ι ν ν τ τ ν ν τ ο ς ι ν的传统解释-享受，看到奇迹的治愈，以纪念圣德米特里奥斯，由圣约翰Koukouzeles，在第一种真实的模式下。它是基于手稿Zakynthos 7, Metochion Panagiou Taphou 728，以及来自Putna修道院音乐学院的三本选集，并通过对作品中选定段落的微语法和生成分析，突出了几个训诂过程。通过缓慢的注释揭示的kalophonic旋律的轮廓主要以声音在结构音符周围和之间的逐步上下运动为特征，只有很少的跳跃，与诗意的文本完美平衡，歌手和听众一个音节一个音节地出现，进行连续的旋律流，一种拜占庭式的“unendliche Melodie”。
{"title":"Some Remarks on the Art of Exegesis in the Kalophonic Style","authors":"M. Alexandru","doi":"10.12681/EML.27952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.27952","url":null,"abstract":"The present article focuses on the technique and art of the so-called exegesis, the traditional interpretation of the kalophonic piece Ἀπόλαυε τῶν θαυμάτων τὰς ἰάσεις – Enjoy, seing the miraculous healings, in honor of St Demetrios, by St John Koukouzeles, in the first authentic mode. It is based on the manuscripts Zakynthos 7, Metochion Panagiou Taphou 728, and three Anthologia from the Music School of the Putna Monastery, and highlights several exegetical procedures through microsyntactical and generative analyses of chosen passages of the piece. The profile of the kalophonic melody revealed through the slow exegesis is mainly characterized by stepwise up-and-down movements of the voice around and between the structural notes, with few skips only, and in a perfect balance with the poetical text, which emerges for the singer and the listener syllable by syllable, carried on a continuous melodic flow, a sort of Byzantine ‘unendliche Melodie’.","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130255696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial intelligence is a challenge for many scientists and researchers today. On the one hand, the development of artificial intelligence can be beneficial for people as it can significantly facilitate their daily lives and jobs. On the other hand, there is the fear that we will not succeed in developing "friendly artificial intelligence" and that these created intelligent beings becoming autonomous persons will bring many problems. Worries go so far as to assume that artificial intelligence will displace humans and take their place in all spheres of life. In this article, we have tried to present future scenarios concerning the development of artificial intelligence and indicate how necessary it is to have ethics in this discourse.Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Algorithms, Bioethics, Ethics, Software, Science Fiction, Technology.
{"title":"Ethics for \"intelligent\" beings created by man: scenarios of the future","authors":"Zorica Mijartovic, Orhan Jašić","doi":"10.12681/EML.27743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.27743","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence is a challenge for many scientists and researchers today. On the one hand, the development of artificial intelligence can be beneficial for people as it can significantly facilitate their daily lives and jobs. On the other hand, there is the fear that we will not succeed in developing \"friendly artificial intelligence\" and that these created intelligent beings becoming autonomous persons will bring many problems. Worries go so far as to assume that artificial intelligence will displace humans and take their place in all spheres of life. In this article, we have tried to present future scenarios concerning the development of artificial intelligence and indicate how necessary it is to have ethics in this discourse.Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Algorithms, Bioethics, Ethics, Software, Science Fiction, Technology.","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116667960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper was written to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the publication of musical treatise by Archbishop Chrysanthos of Madytos (c.1770-1846), the first work towards a ‘scientific’ treatment of Greek ecclesiastical music (1821)[1]. Chrysanthos attempted to reorganize the modal and rhythmic theory of this music, and reform the musical notation that has remained to this day. The paper deals with an aspect of Chrysanthine modal system that has not received due attention so far: the abandonment of the traditional authentic-plagal order and its substitution by a new one that does not make sense if placed outside its cultural context and historical antecedents. Chrysanthos’ main point of reference seems to be the Ottoman makam system that had already penetrated post-Byzantine chant but was now given a new momentum[2]. Before that, Greek composers used the Byzantine modal division into four authentic (kurioi) and four plagal (plagioi), positioned a fifth apart from each other. The authentic modes were mostly ascending in terms of melodic movement, whereas the plagal were descending (though one has first to ascend in order to get down!). Otherwise, every authentic-plagal pair shared the same melodic scale (usually an octave), which they traversed according to certain melodic motifs (some common to all, others unique to every mode).[1] Chrysanthos, Εισαγωγή εις το θεωρητικόν και πρακτικόν της Εκκλησιαστικής Μουσικής / συνταχθείσα προς χρήσιν των σπουδαζόντων αυτήν κατά την νέαν μέθοδον παρά Χρυσάνθου του εκ Μαδύτων, Διδασκάλου του Θεωρητικού της Μουσικής (Paris: Rigny, 1821).[2] In this paper, the Turkish terms have been rendered into their original script except for makam (mode) and usul (rhythm), the Anglicized plural form of which (makams and usuls) has been preferred instead of the longer makamler and usuler. The Greek names have been transliterated into Latin according to British Standard for transliteration of Cyrillic and Greek characters (BS), 1958.
{"title":"The deconstruction of Byzantine mode-organization and the new Chrysanthine ‘order’","authors":"John G. Plemmenos","doi":"10.12681/EML.27644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.27644","url":null,"abstract":"This paper was written to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the publication of musical treatise by Archbishop Chrysanthos of Madytos (c.1770-1846), the first work towards a ‘scientific’ treatment of Greek ecclesiastical music (1821)[1]. Chrysanthos attempted to reorganize the modal and rhythmic theory of this music, and reform the musical notation that has remained to this day. The paper deals with an aspect of Chrysanthine modal system that has not received due attention so far: the abandonment of the traditional authentic-plagal order and its substitution by a new one that does not make sense if placed outside its cultural context and historical antecedents. Chrysanthos’ main point of reference seems to be the Ottoman makam system that had already penetrated post-Byzantine chant but was now given a new momentum[2]. Before that, Greek composers used the Byzantine modal division into four authentic (kurioi) and four plagal (plagioi), positioned a fifth apart from each other. The authentic modes were mostly ascending in terms of melodic movement, whereas the plagal were descending (though one has first to ascend in order to get down!). Otherwise, every authentic-plagal pair shared the same melodic scale (usually an octave), which they traversed according to certain melodic motifs (some common to all, others unique to every mode).[1] Chrysanthos, Εισαγωγή εις το θεωρητικόν και πρακτικόν της Εκκλησιαστικής Μουσικής / συνταχθείσα προς χρήσιν των σπουδαζόντων αυτήν κατά την νέαν μέθοδον παρά Χρυσάνθου του εκ Μαδύτων, Διδασκάλου του Θεωρητικού της Μουσικής (Paris: Rigny, 1821).[2] In this paper, the Turkish terms have been rendered into their original script except for makam (mode) and usul (rhythm), the Anglicized plural form of which (makams and usuls) has been preferred instead of the longer makamler and usuler. The Greek names have been transliterated into Latin according to British Standard for transliteration of Cyrillic and Greek characters (BS), 1958.","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"78 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123451142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the reasons why theatre pedagogy as practiced through drama inquiry is highly compatible with philosophical inquiry as practiced in a community of inquiry. After clarifying the way in which theatre and philosophy can be practiced in an educational context, common elements of drama and philosophical inquiry are examined in terms of epistemology and method. As it is suggested that a number of skills and attitudes can be traced in both drama and philosophical inquiry, there follows an elaborated presentation of such points of relevance. The study concludes that a synergy of drama and philosophical inquiry may not only be feasible but also highly productive as there are common aims and principles which provide a basis for applying effectively a model of philosophical inquiry assisted by drama inquiry.
{"title":"Study on the synergy of Theatre Pedagogy and Philosophy for Children: A multi-disciplinary approach","authors":"Evi Mamali, Simos Papadopoulos","doi":"10.12681/eml.27614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/eml.27614","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the reasons why theatre pedagogy as practiced through drama inquiry is highly compatible with philosophical inquiry as practiced in a community of inquiry. After clarifying the way in which theatre and philosophy can be practiced in an educational context, common elements of drama and philosophical inquiry are examined in terms of epistemology and method. As it is suggested that a number of skills and attitudes can be traced in both drama and philosophical inquiry, there follows an elaborated presentation of such points of relevance. The study concludes that a synergy of drama and philosophical inquiry may not only be feasible but also highly productive as there are common aims and principles which provide a basis for applying effectively a model of philosophical inquiry assisted by drama inquiry. ","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128136599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper opens with a caveat: as denoted in the title, its intention is not to be exhaustive on its subject, as of yet (future publication soon to follow). Attempted will be the exposition and commentation upon a series of indications regarding the intervallics of the plagal third mode, commonly referred to in the sources as Varys (low; due to being the mode with the lowest basis/ison in the ecclesiastical eight-mode system, Octoechos). If these result to a reacquaintance with the mode and a reconsideration of some of its intervallic possibilities, then the paper will have been successful in its intentions.
{"title":"Protovarys in theory, tetraphonos in practice?: preliminary observations on an archaeology of the Varys’ intervallics","authors":"G. Savvas","doi":"10.12681/EML.27595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.27595","url":null,"abstract":"This paper opens with a caveat: as denoted in the title, its intention is not to be exhaustive on its subject, as of yet (future publication soon to follow). Attempted will be the exposition and commentation upon a series of indications regarding the intervallics of the plagal third mode, commonly referred to in the sources as Varys (low; due to being the mode with the lowest basis/ison in the ecclesiastical eight-mode system, Octoechos). If these result to a reacquaintance with the mode and a reconsideration of some of its intervallic possibilities, then the paper will have been successful in its intentions.","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129794691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The essence of life according to Plato is summed up in the tendency of every living being to protect itself and its species from death, by searching immortality. This pursuit is achieved either by reproduction or by intellectual creation. In order for the soul to conquer the existence which will be worthy of man, it must separate from the mortal body. The highest goal of philosophical education is the soul to be led to the view of the idea of the good (agatho), which is the foundation of all knowledge. Thereunto, specific courses are proposed, Music, Gymnastics, Mathematics and Dialectics. Music is preceded temporal and absolute by gymnastics. The school of Pythagoras was the first to put the music-soul relationship, in the service of upbringing and mental physique. Plato attempts to establish man's tendency for rhythm and movement in nature and in the gods. At the same time, he emphasizes the balance between mental and physical education, in order to form the right ethos. For the best fulfillment of these terms, the two superior parts of the soul must be properly trained, the logical with music and the thymoides with gymnastics. The symmetrical movement of the body is ensured by exercise, while for the soul, music and philosophy are used. This targeted intervention will lead them to a harmonious connection. Moreover, it should be ensured that the movements are symmetrical with each other. This is the real goodness (kalokagathia). The unilateral cultivation of gymnastics at the expense of music is considered the main cause of the decline of the excellent republic and the decadence in oligarchy, in the regimein which the morality is imposed by violent, uneducated people who will have neglected the real Muse, the one who is accompanied by the logic and philosophy.
{"title":"Music and Gymnastic harmonization under the viewpoint of the platonic meaning of life","authors":"Konstantina I. Gongaki, Stavros Kapranos","doi":"10.12681/EML.27216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.27216","url":null,"abstract":"The essence of life according to Plato is summed up in the tendency of every living being to protect itself and its species from death, by searching immortality. This pursuit is achieved either by reproduction or by intellectual creation. In order for the soul to conquer the existence which will be worthy of man, it must separate from the mortal body. The highest goal of philosophical education is the soul to be led to the view of the idea of the good (agatho), which is the foundation of all knowledge. Thereunto, specific courses are proposed, Music, Gymnastics, Mathematics and Dialectics. Music is preceded temporal and absolute by gymnastics. The school of Pythagoras was the first to put the music-soul relationship, in the service of upbringing and mental physique. Plato attempts to establish man's tendency for rhythm and movement in nature and in the gods. At the same time, he emphasizes the balance between mental and physical education, in order to form the right ethos. For the best fulfillment of these terms, the two superior parts of the soul must be properly trained, the logical with music and the thymoides with gymnastics. The symmetrical movement of the body is ensured by exercise, while for the soul, music and philosophy are used. This targeted intervention will lead them to a harmonious connection. Moreover, it should be ensured that the movements are symmetrical with each other. This is the real goodness (kalokagathia). The unilateral cultivation of gymnastics at the expense of music is considered the main cause of the decline of the excellent republic and the decadence in oligarchy, in the regimein which the morality is imposed by violent, uneducated people who will have neglected the real Muse, the one who is accompanied by the logic and philosophy. ","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128658207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Achilleas G. Chaldæakes, Sokrates Loupas, Evangelia Chaldæaki̇
At the conclusion of his well-known book about the Byzantine Notation (published in 1917,and re-published in 19782) K. A. Psachos discusses with the “retrospective parallelism of the New Method of the analytical Byzantine Notation to the Ancient Method of the stenographical Byzantine Notation through the occasional exegeseis”[«ἀναδρομικὸς παραλληλισμὸς τῆς σημερινῆς μουσικῆς γραφῆς πρὸς τὴν ἀρχαίαν
K. A. Psachos在他的著名著作《拜占庭记数法》(1917年出版，19782年再版)的结论中，通过偶尔的解释，讨论了“分析式拜占庭记数法的新方法与速写式拜占庭记数法的古代方法的回顾性平行关系”[«να αδρομικ ο ς παρα αλληλισμ ο ς σημεριν ς μο ομικ ο ς γρα αφ ς πρ ο ς τ ν ν ν ν ν ν σι σικ ο ς γρα αφ ς πρ ο ς τ ν ν ν ρ ν ν ρχα到αν”
{"title":"Uses of the New Method of the Byzantine Notation","authors":"Achilleas G. Chaldæakes, Sokrates Loupas, Evangelia Chaldæaki̇","doi":"10.12681/EML.27256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/EML.27256","url":null,"abstract":"At the conclusion of his well-known book about the Byzantine Notation (published in 1917,and re-published in 19782) K. A. Psachos discusses with the “retrospective parallelism of the New Method of the analytical Byzantine Notation to the Ancient Method of the stenographical Byzantine Notation through the occasional exegeseis”[«ἀναδρομικὸς παραλληλισμὸς τῆς σημερινῆς μουσικῆς γραφῆς πρὸς τὴν ἀρχαίαν","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128707440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sports biomechanics is one of the most fascinating and formalised disciplines in sports science. While it uses a host of methods, on closer look, it lacks a thorough epistemological / methodological foundation besides what it implicitly borrows from the sciences it uses, such as mathematics and physics. Here, I shall attempt to portray what such a basic epistemological understanding would include and also try to address issues directly related to such an approach. I shall start by describing the most general context in which sports biomechanics exist and then, I will attempt to provide a structural context to bridge the gap between sports biomechanics and practice. Concluding with some ideas about the future of biomechanics.
{"title":"On Sports Biomechanics Methodology","authors":"K. Papageorgiou","doi":"10.12681/eml.24289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/eml.24289","url":null,"abstract":"Sports biomechanics is one of the most fascinating and formalised disciplines in sports science. While it uses a host of methods, on closer look, it lacks a thorough epistemological / methodological foundation besides what it implicitly borrows from the sciences it uses, such as mathematics and physics. Here, I shall attempt to portray what such a basic epistemological understanding would include and also try to address issues directly related to such an approach. I shall start by describing the most general context in which sports biomechanics exist and then, I will attempt to provide a structural context to bridge the gap between sports biomechanics and practice. Concluding with some ideas about the future of biomechanics.","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125611407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main problems that Modern Bioethics faces concern mainlythe terms of rights, which feature prominently in the theoreticalisttheories. If classical theories of deontocracy and utilitarianism areapplied to surrogate motherhood, we will be led not only to different butalso opposing decisions. Bioethics, nevertheless, ought to make the bestpossible decisions and take into consideration moral aspects and valuesby prioritizing the importance of rights. The correlation between humanrights and ethical approaches is particularly convoluted. Both of them areestablished on the respect of human dignity, the individual’s importanceand the moral integrity of human existence. As regards the moral dilemmasthat arise as to the moral permissiveness of surrogacy, it behoves us toapply a particular ethical theory that wil be uesd as a method of justifyinga certain decison. Therefore, in the case of surrogate motherhood, basicethical theories refer to Intuitionism and Ethical Ethics. A morality whichis reliant foremost on the notion of duty, imperative and obligation. Itexamines the ethical dilemmas and answers the question of what one hasto do based on their individual imperatives and duties.
{"title":"Human Rights and Surrogacy – Association between Human Rights Approaches and Ethical Approaches","authors":"Kalomoira Sakellaraki","doi":"10.12681/eml.20570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/eml.20570","url":null,"abstract":"The main problems that Modern Bioethics faces concern mainlythe terms of rights, which feature prominently in the theoreticalisttheories. If classical theories of deontocracy and utilitarianism areapplied to surrogate motherhood, we will be led not only to different butalso opposing decisions. Bioethics, nevertheless, ought to make the bestpossible decisions and take into consideration moral aspects and valuesby prioritizing the importance of rights. The correlation between humanrights and ethical approaches is particularly convoluted. Both of them areestablished on the respect of human dignity, the individual’s importanceand the moral integrity of human existence. As regards the moral dilemmasthat arise as to the moral permissiveness of surrogacy, it behoves us toapply a particular ethical theory that wil be uesd as a method of justifyinga certain decison. Therefore, in the case of surrogate motherhood, basicethical theories refer to Intuitionism and Ethical Ethics. A morality whichis reliant foremost on the notion of duty, imperative and obligation. Itexamines the ethical dilemmas and answers the question of what one hasto do based on their individual imperatives and duties.","PeriodicalId":127692,"journal":{"name":"Epistēmēs Metron Logos","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126742769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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