Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10690
C. Zhu
With an increase in immigrant populations, healthcare systems are experiencing a new wave of ethnic-cultural diversity among patients. For the 48.1% of women among global migrants, maternal healthcare services are often the first level of contact with new healthcare systems in countries of resettlement. However, immigrants face many barriers, including socioeconomic and language considerations. As maternal care requires frequent contact with health care services through all stages of pregnancy, ensuring the quality of care is important to protect maternal and infant health. Using a systematic review method analyzing 17 articles from PubMed and Google Scholar in the past 20 years, 3 overarching themes were identified: lack of access to prenatal care, cultural insensitivity during in-hospital settings, and challenge in identifying and experiencing post-partum depression. This literature review reveals the broader influences and contextual variables in maternity care and highlights problems relating to the acceptability and accessibility of maternity services for immigrant women. Overall, this paper reveals the importance of considering immigrants’ socio-cultural context of childbirth practices, creating more accessible prenatal classes, and addressing disparities in postpartum depression. This knowledge can better inform health services delivery and formulate health promotion strategies to address discrepancies in maternal health outcomes.
{"title":"Barriers and Challenges of Immigrant Women’s Access to and Experience of Optimal Maternity Care","authors":"C. Zhu","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10690","url":null,"abstract":"With an increase in immigrant populations, healthcare systems are experiencing a new wave of ethnic-cultural diversity among patients. For the 48.1% of women among global migrants, maternal healthcare services are often the first level of contact with new healthcare systems in countries of resettlement. However, immigrants face many barriers, including socioeconomic and language considerations. As maternal care requires frequent contact with health care services through all stages of pregnancy, ensuring the quality of care is important to protect maternal and infant health. Using a systematic review method analyzing 17 articles from PubMed and Google Scholar in the past 20 years, 3 overarching themes were identified: lack of access to prenatal care, cultural insensitivity during in-hospital settings, and challenge in identifying and experiencing post-partum depression. This literature review reveals the broader influences and contextual variables in maternity care and highlights problems relating to the acceptability and accessibility of maternity services for immigrant women. Overall, this paper reveals the importance of considering immigrants’ socio-cultural context of childbirth practices, creating more accessible prenatal classes, and addressing disparities in postpartum depression. This knowledge can better inform health services delivery and formulate health promotion strategies to address discrepancies in maternal health outcomes. ","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124393199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10698
Humberto Baquerizo, Steven Munoz, Novneet Sahu, Ping-Hsin Chen
Firearm violence is heavily prominent in large urban cities. Upon closer inspection, a pattern becomes evident whereby violence clusters in marginalized minority populations. In fact, gun violence is the leading cause of death of Hispanic youth aged 15 to 29 in the United States[6]. Unfortunately, many current, existing intervention programs lack the cultural competencies needed to engage directly with impacted communities. This article highlights a novel community participatory collaborative approach for violence intervention. Collaborating with an established program, the VOICE (Violence Outreach Intervention and Community Education) Program, youth from the greater Essex County area participated in gun violence awareness sessions. Activities included virtual education workshops, in-person teaching sessions, and local community engagement activities. The program shows how community engagement, meeting students at where they are, could help us create awareness in how to de-escalate violence. This participatory approach could be an innovative way to break the cycle of violence of our youth, especially Latinos.
{"title":"Novel Community Participatory Approach to Violence Intervention Program for Latino Youth","authors":"Humberto Baquerizo, Steven Munoz, Novneet Sahu, Ping-Hsin Chen","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10698","url":null,"abstract":"Firearm violence is heavily prominent in large urban cities. Upon closer inspection, a pattern becomes evident whereby violence clusters in marginalized minority populations. In fact, gun violence is the leading cause of death of Hispanic youth aged 15 to 29 in the United States[6]. Unfortunately, many current, existing intervention programs lack the cultural competencies needed to engage directly with impacted communities. This article highlights a novel community participatory collaborative approach for violence intervention. Collaborating with an established program, the VOICE (Violence Outreach Intervention and Community Education) Program, youth from the greater Essex County area participated in gun violence awareness sessions. Activities included virtual education workshops, in-person teaching sessions, and local community engagement activities. The program shows how community engagement, meeting students at where they are, could help us create awareness in how to de-escalate violence. This participatory approach could be an innovative way to break the cycle of violence of our youth, especially Latinos.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117121809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10648
Michaela K Hitchner, Meredith Getachew, Mary Jayne McCullough
Medical interpreters represent a valuable resource for positively affecting the health of populations with limited English proficiency. Global Wordsmiths, a social enterprise based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, explored the experiences and needs of their medical interpreters using a survey adapted from a variety of qualified sources in health care quality improvement, health literacy, and needs assessments of populations with limited English proficiency. Participant voices suggest the presence of multiple roles of medical interpreters beyond word for word translation as well as lack of adequate training and psychosocial support among the profession. The presence of multiple roles outside their defined job responsibilities and need for more psychosocial support hinders medical interpreters’ ability to positively affect health care access, quality, and outcomes among populations with limited English proficiency. As such, we identify a vital need for health literacy research and practice to further investigate medical interpreters’ experiences.
{"title":"An Adaptable Approach to Expanding our Knowledge of Medical Interpreter Experiences","authors":"Michaela K Hitchner, Meredith Getachew, Mary Jayne McCullough","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v13i1.10648","url":null,"abstract":"Medical interpreters represent a valuable resource for positively affecting the health of populations with limited English proficiency. Global Wordsmiths, a social enterprise based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, explored the experiences and needs of their medical interpreters using a survey adapted from a variety of qualified sources in health care quality improvement, health literacy, and needs assessments of populations with limited English proficiency. Participant voices suggest the presence of multiple roles of medical interpreters beyond word for word translation as well as lack of adequate training and psychosocial support among the profession. The presence of multiple roles outside their defined job responsibilities and need for more psychosocial support hinders medical interpreters’ ability to positively affect health care access, quality, and outcomes among populations with limited English proficiency. As such, we identify a vital need for health literacy research and practice to further investigate medical interpreters’ experiences. ","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127401646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9918
Alexus Witherell
The opioid epidemic has been a major public health crisis since the 1990s but was only declared a federal public health emergency in 2017. Since then, the federal government has increased funding to states for programs to address opioid use and overdose deaths. Despite the increased funding in the past five years, opioid-related overdose deaths continue to rise. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHSA) is the major federal agency responsible for allocating federal funds to opioid use disorder prevention, treatment, and personnel training programs. In 2021, SAMHSA allocated funding for opioid use disorder through eleven grant programs with a total of 330 grant awards, amounting to over $150 million. My analysis of 2021 SAMHSA grants aims to identify how funds for opioid use disorder are allocated, examine the relationship between opioid-related overdose deaths and the amount of funding allocated to states, and suggest potential gaps in funding. Ultimately, my research has found that treatment-focused programs were prioritized over prevention and education or training programs by SAMHSA funding. In 2021, treatment programs accounted for 223 of the 330 individual SAMHSA grant awards for opioid use disorder and 100% of grant awards received by nonprofit organizations. Medication-Assisted Treatment is the most commonly funded program among these grant awards. Additionally, states with a higher number of opioid-related overdose deaths are more likely to receive higher funding from SAMHSA grants (p<.001). Conversely, states with higher overdose death crude rates per 100,000 people did not receive adequate funding relative to the size of the population, creating gaps in accessibility to care. Additional gaps in opioid use disorder programs exist due to the downstream focus of funded interventions, neglecting upstream interventions. The data in my research are limited and therefore cannot draw broader conclusions as to how funding influences overdose deaths over time.
{"title":"The Federal Response to the Opioid Epidemic","authors":"Alexus Witherell","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9918","url":null,"abstract":"The opioid epidemic has been a major public health crisis since the 1990s but was only declared a federal public health emergency in 2017. Since then, the federal government has increased funding to states for programs to address opioid use and overdose deaths. Despite the increased funding in the past five years, opioid-related overdose deaths continue to rise.\u0000The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHSA) is the major federal agency responsible for allocating federal funds to opioid use disorder prevention, treatment, and personnel training programs. In 2021, SAMHSA allocated funding for opioid use disorder through eleven grant programs with a total of 330 grant awards, amounting to over $150 million. My analysis of 2021 SAMHSA grants aims to identify how funds for opioid use disorder are allocated, examine the relationship between opioid-related overdose deaths and the amount of funding allocated to states, and suggest potential gaps in funding.\u0000Ultimately, my research has found that treatment-focused programs were prioritized over prevention and education or training programs by SAMHSA funding. In 2021, treatment programs accounted for 223 of the 330 individual SAMHSA grant awards for opioid use disorder and 100% of grant awards received by nonprofit organizations. Medication-Assisted Treatment is the most commonly funded program among these grant awards.\u0000Additionally, states with a higher number of opioid-related overdose deaths are more likely to receive higher funding from SAMHSA grants (p<.001). Conversely, states with higher overdose death crude rates per 100,000 people did not receive adequate funding relative to the size of the population, creating gaps in accessibility to care. Additional gaps in opioid use disorder programs exist due to the downstream focus of funded interventions, neglecting upstream interventions.\u0000The data in my research are limited and therefore cannot draw broader conclusions as to how funding influences overdose deaths over time. ","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"514 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133158795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9889
M. Dzordzormenyoh
The primary purpose of the present study is to examine the predictors of access to medical care and the quality of healthcare in Africa. Specifically, assessing the effect of corruption – paying bribes and other factors on access to medical care and the quality of healthcare on the continent. Responses from 45,823 respondents from 34 countries across the continent were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression. The results reveal that corruption influences both access to medical care and the quality of healthcare on the continent. Additionally, several sociodemographic variables such as religion, age, region, rural-urban residency, gender, and others influence access to medical care and the quality of healthcare in Africa. Theoretically, the present study fills a void and augments the existing literature. Policy-wise, the results serve as a guide to formulating and implementing realistic measures to address healthcare corruption and its negative impact on access to medical care and the quality of healthcare on the continent.
{"title":"Corruption & Healthcare in Africa: A Comparative Assessment of the Effect of Paying of Bribe on Access to Medical Care and the Quality of Healthcare in Africa","authors":"M. Dzordzormenyoh","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9889","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of the present study is to examine the predictors of access to medical care and the quality of healthcare in Africa. Specifically, assessing the effect of corruption – paying bribes and other factors on access to medical care and the quality of healthcare on the continent. Responses from 45,823 respondents from 34 countries across the continent were analyzed using ordinary least squares regression. The results reveal that corruption influences both access to medical care and the quality of healthcare on the continent. Additionally, several sociodemographic variables such as religion, age, region, rural-urban residency, gender, and others influence access to medical care and the quality of healthcare in Africa. Theoretically, the present study fills a void and augments the existing literature. Policy-wise, the results serve as a guide to formulating and implementing realistic measures to address healthcare corruption and its negative impact on access to medical care and the quality of healthcare on the continent.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121197889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9493
S. Johnson, Timothy Johnson, Emma Lawrence, Ibrahim Ssekalo
Introduction The goal of this study was to identify use of family planning (FP) in the Buyende district of Uganda, and what factors influence its use or lack of use. Methods Study participants included 60 women from 18 to 49 years old who lived in the Buyende District of Uganda. This was a mixed-methods study. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared analysis were performed on the survey data to identify factors associated with modern FP use. Qualitative analysis, consisting of an iterative coding process, was used to identify themes that arose in focus groups regarding barriers to FP use. Results Most participants were 20-24 years old (26.7%), married (86.7%), had a primary education (86.7%), and had a mean parity of 5.23 (range 0 to 14). One third of survey participants were currently using a form of modern contraception, and women who spoke to a healthcare provider in the last 12 months about FP were significantly more likely to be using a form of modern contraception (46.2% vs 10.5%, p=0.016). The most common barriers to FP use were side effects (71%), fear of husband disapproval (19.4%), and lack of access (16.1%). Qualitative analysis of focus groups demonstrated 9 major themes that emerged as barriers to FP: misinformation/misconceptions about FP; concerns about side effects; negative community perceptions of FP; lack of education; male opposition to FP; use of traditional methods; distance to health facilities; financial concerns; FP going against religious beliefs. Discussion It is important to continue to address not only the material access to FP and lack of education, but also the gender inequalities that are foundational to the lack of usage where desired.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Family Planning in the Buyende District of Uganda","authors":"S. Johnson, Timothy Johnson, Emma Lawrence, Ibrahim Ssekalo","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.9493","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The goal of this study was to identify use of family planning (FP) in the Buyende district of Uganda, and what factors influence its use or lack of use. Methods Study participants included 60 women from 18 to 49 years old who lived in the Buyende District of Uganda. This was a mixed-methods study. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared analysis were performed on the survey data to identify factors associated with modern FP use. Qualitative analysis, consisting of an iterative coding process, was used to identify themes that arose in focus groups regarding barriers to FP use. Results Most participants were 20-24 years old (26.7%), married (86.7%), had a primary education (86.7%), and had a mean parity of 5.23 (range 0 to 14). One third of survey participants were currently using a form of modern contraception, and women who spoke to a healthcare provider in the last 12 months about FP were significantly more likely to be using a form of modern contraception (46.2% vs 10.5%, p=0.016). The most common barriers to FP use were side effects (71%), fear of husband disapproval (19.4%), and lack of access (16.1%). Qualitative analysis of focus groups demonstrated 9 major themes that emerged as barriers to FP: misinformation/misconceptions about FP; concerns about side effects; negative community perceptions of FP; lack of education; male opposition to FP; use of traditional methods; distance to health facilities; financial concerns; FP going against religious beliefs. Discussion It is important to continue to address not only the material access to FP and lack of education, but also the gender inequalities that are foundational to the lack of usage where desired. \u0000","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131006134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.10676
Scarlet Au, Kairaluchi Oraedu
Dear Reader, Throughout the past year, the Journal of Global Health remains committed towards serving as an active platform for discussions in public and global health in the post-pandemic world. At the core of the journal’s mission, we aim to encourage the dissemination of research that explores a variety of global health challenges and inequities as well as the multifaceted approaches that can be taken to address them. We are grateful for the opportunity to work with writers, students, researchers and community members at our Columbia campus and beyond. We are excited to share our newest Fall 2022 issue with you. Beyond our biannual publication featuring research manuscripts, we are excited to share the new content published on our “What is Global Health?” podcast and blog produced by the Online Board, which includes interviews with Columbia public health faculty and op-ed reflections on current health issues. In light of the pandemic, science communication has become the spotlight of discussion over recent years. Our podcast and blog seeks to make public and global health research and associated discussions accessible to a broader audience. The “What is Global Health?” podcast can be accessed online at whatisglobalhealth.podcasts.library.columbia.edu or on multiple streaming platforms including Spotify, iTunes and Stitcher. The blog can be accessed on our journal’s website. Both our podcast and blog are hosted through our partnership with Columbia University Libraries. This Fall 2022 issue explores a broad range of global health topics from the U.S. to Africa. This issue delves into examining the 2021 SAMHSA Grant Allocation as a Federal Response to the Opioid Epidemic, corruption and healthcare in Africa and factors influencing family planning in the Buyende District of Uganda. We thank our authors and peer reviewers for their submissions and contributions without which our journal could not exist. We would like to express our gratitude towards our 55-person journal team, composed of our Managing Board, Editorial Board, Production & Design Board, Online Board, and Business & Communications Board. We also wish to thank our peer reviewers who volunteered their time to provide the authors with insightful feedback on their manuscripts. Thank you to our collaborators at the Columbia University Libraries and the Faculty Advisory Board composed of Scholarly Communication Technologies Librarian Esther Jackson and faculty advisor Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health Professor James Colgrove. Sincerely,Scarlet Au & Kairaluchi OraeduCo-Editors-in-Chief, The Columbia University Journal of Global Health
{"title":"Letter from the Editor","authors":"Scarlet Au, Kairaluchi Oraedu","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.10676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i2.10676","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Reader, \u0000Throughout the past year, the Journal of Global Health remains committed towards serving as an active platform for discussions in public and global health in the post-pandemic world. At the core of the journal’s mission, we aim to encourage the dissemination of research that explores a variety of global health challenges and inequities as well as the multifaceted approaches that can be taken to address them. We are grateful for the opportunity to work with writers, students, researchers and community members at our Columbia campus and beyond. We are excited to share our newest Fall 2022 issue with you. \u0000Beyond our biannual publication featuring research manuscripts, we are excited to share the new content published on our “What is Global Health?” podcast and blog produced by the Online Board, which includes interviews with Columbia public health faculty and op-ed reflections on current health issues. In light of the pandemic, science communication has become the spotlight of discussion over recent years. Our podcast and blog seeks to make public and global health research and associated discussions accessible to a broader audience. The “What is Global Health?” podcast can be accessed online at whatisglobalhealth.podcasts.library.columbia.edu or on multiple streaming platforms including Spotify, iTunes and Stitcher. The blog can be accessed on our journal’s website. Both our podcast and blog are hosted through our partnership with Columbia University Libraries. \u0000This Fall 2022 issue explores a broad range of global health topics from the U.S. to Africa. This issue delves into examining the 2021 SAMHSA Grant Allocation as a Federal Response to the Opioid Epidemic, corruption and healthcare in Africa and factors influencing family planning in the Buyende District of Uganda. We thank our authors and peer reviewers for their submissions and contributions without which our journal could not exist. \u0000We would like to express our gratitude towards our 55-person journal team, composed of our Managing Board, Editorial Board, Production & Design Board, Online Board, and Business & Communications Board. We also wish to thank our peer reviewers who volunteered their time to provide the authors with insightful feedback on their manuscripts. Thank you to our collaborators at the Columbia University Libraries and the Faculty Advisory Board composed of Scholarly Communication Technologies Librarian Esther Jackson and faculty advisor Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health Professor James Colgrove. \u0000Sincerely,Scarlet Au & Kairaluchi OraeduCo-Editors-in-Chief, The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116779060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.8888
B. Elewonibi, Allyson Farris, R. Moise, F. Olaleye, R. Belue
There exists a paucity of policies and programs that support breast cancer screening in Nigeria. There is a clear need for effective programs that are cognizant of the local realities in Nigeria. The evaluability assessment model can be used as a cost effective and quick alternative to traditional evaluations to improve program practices and management and develop performance measures. This study uses an evaluability assessment to determine if a breast cancer screening program in Lagos, Nigeria was achieving its objectives and to adjust their activities to improve outcomes and processes to optimally serve its community. The evaluability assessment revealed the programs objectives are plausible given its resources and context. Program recommendations focused on improving staff management, developing benchmarks to measure outputs and outcomes, and examining more effective methods of disseminating program information to target population. This study is used as an example of how the six-step evaluability assessment model can be adapted to a multitude of programs to appraise program practices or performance measures.
{"title":"Evaluation of a Breast Cancer Screening Program in Nigeria using the Evaluability Assessment Model","authors":"B. Elewonibi, Allyson Farris, R. Moise, F. Olaleye, R. Belue","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.8888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.8888","url":null,"abstract":"There exists a paucity of policies and programs that support breast cancer screening in Nigeria. There is a clear need for effective programs that are cognizant of the local realities in Nigeria. The evaluability assessment model can be used as a cost effective and quick alternative to traditional evaluations to improve program practices and management and develop performance measures. This study uses an evaluability assessment to determine if a breast cancer screening program in Lagos, Nigeria was achieving its objectives and to adjust their activities to improve outcomes and processes to optimally serve its community. The evaluability assessment revealed the programs objectives are plausible given its resources and context. Program recommendations focused on improving staff management, developing benchmarks to measure outputs and outcomes, and examining more effective methods of disseminating program information to target population. This study is used as an example of how the six-step evaluability assessment model can be adapted to a multitude of programs to appraise program practices or performance measures.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116426586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9319
Olsen N. Hanner
ABSTRACT Background: Ethnic minority populations have lower rates of healthcare utilization than ethnic majority populations. Purpose: This narrative review and secondary data analysis examines the factors inhibiting healthcare utilization in ethnic minority populations around the world and the associations between healthcare utilization factors and ethnic minority status in Western Guinea. Method: A narrative review was conducted using 18 studies which examined health care utilization by ethnic minority populations in Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, China, Australia, Peru, Guatemala, Mexico, and Uganda. Secondary data analysis was conducted using Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data collected in Indonesia in 2017, with the use of migration status as a proxy for ethnic minority status in Western Guinea. Results: There are four prominent factors which impacted healthcare utilization in the reviewed populations: financial access to health services, physical access to health services, the behavior and cultural competency of health service providers, and the quality of care provided. These trends are apparent in Western Guinea as well – there was a significant association (p = 0.00) between problems getting money for treatment and ethnic minority status and minority populations were more likely to seek less skilled care than majority populations. Conclusion: Barriers to healthcare utilization operate systemically and reproductively to force ethnic minority populations into a state of lower socioeconomic status and health outcomes. The incorporation of anti-racist foundations in health service provision is necessary to ensure the right to health for ethnic minority populations and for the successful fulfillment of the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG).
{"title":"Health care utilization by ethnic minority populations: a narrative review and secondary data analysis","authors":"Olsen N. Hanner","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9319","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000Background: Ethnic minority populations have lower rates of healthcare utilization than ethnic majority populations. \u0000Purpose: This narrative review and secondary data analysis examines the factors inhibiting healthcare utilization in ethnic minority populations around the world and the associations between healthcare utilization factors and ethnic minority status in Western Guinea. \u0000Method: A narrative review was conducted using 18 studies which examined health care utilization by ethnic minority populations in Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, China, Australia, Peru, Guatemala, Mexico, and Uganda. Secondary data analysis was conducted using Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data collected in Indonesia in 2017, with the use of migration status as a proxy for ethnic minority status in Western Guinea. \u0000Results: There are four prominent factors which impacted healthcare utilization in the reviewed populations: financial access to health services, physical access to health services, the behavior and cultural competency of health service providers, and the quality of care provided. These trends are apparent in Western Guinea as well – there was a significant association (p = 0.00) between problems getting money for treatment and ethnic minority status and minority populations were more likely to seek less skilled care than majority populations. \u0000Conclusion: Barriers to healthcare utilization operate systemically and reproductively to force ethnic minority populations into a state of lower socioeconomic status and health outcomes. The incorporation of anti-racist foundations in health service provision is necessary to ensure the right to health for ethnic minority populations and for the successful fulfillment of the third Sustainable Development Goal (SDG).","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121468052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9159
Radhika Sharma, Mariel Priven, K. Kosinski
Guinea Worm Disease (GWD) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Dracunculus medinensis; it has been targeted for eradication since 1980. With only 14 human cases in 2021, GWD may be the first human parasitic disease to be eradicated, even without a vaccine. Current efforts to eradicate GWD face multiple challenges, the largest of which is the lack of access to safe drinking water. Other challenges include the discovery of animal hosts for D. medinensis and the seasonality of transmission. Interventions to address GWD have included water filtration systems, clean water initiatives, and health education programs, among others. Here, we argue that although enormous progress has been made, many studies fail to include a substantive discussion about community engagement. Past GWD eradication efforts have focused heavily on a vertical approach to health, which does not fully encapsulate the needs of affected communities. After reviewing literature on GWD control between 1985 and 2021, we conclude that a final push towards eradication should involve active community engagement.
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