Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9147
Nathan Ruhde
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how susceptible to misinformation people can be. In the USA, trust in institutions is at an all time low, and that has adverse consequences for the spread of misinformation. Even worse off are social media consumers in foreign countries who navigate a landscape of less policing of misinformation and sometimes faster spreading conspiracy theories and lies. This article suggests that, rather than only focusing on cracking down on misinformation, experts should also think about how providing easier access to medically sound information might help curb misinformation, particularly in the medical arena. Further, this article suggests that medical doctors are best positioned to counter currently rampant misinformation because of the elevated trust they have with the general public.
{"title":"Our Infected Information Ecosystem, How It Fell Ill, and How We Treat It","authors":"Nathan Ruhde","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v12i1.9147","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how susceptible to misinformation people can be. In the USA, trust in institutions is at an all time low, and that has adverse consequences for the spread of misinformation. Even worse off are social media consumers in foreign countries who navigate a landscape of less policing of misinformation and sometimes faster spreading conspiracy theories and lies. This article suggests that, rather than only focusing on cracking down on misinformation, experts should also think about how providing easier access to medically sound information might help curb misinformation, particularly in the medical arena. Further, this article suggests that medical doctors are best positioned to counter currently rampant misinformation because of the elevated trust they have with the general public.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116369199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.9194
Scarlet Au, Sophia Spiegel
Through our Fall 2021 issue, we aim to continue contributing to global and public health conversations through the publication of original research from members around the world. With a combination of virtual meetings and a gradual return to normalcy this fall, the journal has continued to engage with community members through the launch of our new issue and online events with featured guests. The pandemic underscored the importance of scientific research and continued engagement in these dialogues and we have strived to continue maintaining this journal as an open space and platform for these conversations to occur.
{"title":"Letter from the Editor","authors":"Scarlet Au, Sophia Spiegel","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.9194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.9194","url":null,"abstract":"Through our Fall 2021 issue, we aim to continue contributing to global and public health conversations through the publication of original research from members around the world. With a combination of virtual meetings and a gradual return to normalcy this fall, the journal has continued to engage with community members through the launch of our new issue and online events with featured guests. The pandemic underscored the importance of scientific research and continued engagement in these dialogues and we have strived to continue maintaining this journal as an open space and platform for these conversations to occur. ","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127209618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8772
Burcu Pekcan, Piao Cai, Patricia Olivas
Large-scale vaccination is the only hope to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies show that many people are hesitant to get vaccinated and the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy varies between countries and non-dominant groups. Our study aims to shed light on the latest trends in vaccine hesitancy and acceptance across countries and identify the predictors driving these trends in the global context. We used meta-analytic techniques to analyse the trends in vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, and a systematic review approach to analyse their predictors in the global context. We found that, across all studies, the acceptance and hesitancy rates for taking the vaccine are 64% and 21% respectively. The acceptance rate among healthcare workers was found to be higher than the general adult population (70% vs 61%). Female gender, concerns on side effects and perceiving the vaccine unsafe were the most reported predictors of hesitancy. Older age, higher educational level, flu vaccine history, and low perceived risks were found to predict COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Many nations face huge challenges to get their significant proportion of populations immune to COVID-19. It is important to disseminate accurate information through trusted channels, and policymakers should address predictors of hesitancy when designing vaccination policies.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Acceptance in the Global Context: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Burcu Pekcan, Piao Cai, Patricia Olivas","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8772","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale vaccination is the only hope to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies show that many people are hesitant to get vaccinated and the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy varies between countries and non-dominant groups. Our study aims to shed light on the latest trends in vaccine hesitancy and acceptance across countries and identify the predictors driving these trends in the global context. We used meta-analytic techniques to analyse the trends in vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, and a systematic review approach to analyse their predictors in the global context. We found that, across all studies, the acceptance and hesitancy rates for taking the vaccine are 64% and 21% respectively. The acceptance rate among healthcare workers was found to be higher than the general adult population (70% vs 61%). Female gender, concerns on side effects and perceiving the vaccine unsafe were the most reported predictors of hesitancy. Older age, higher educational level, flu vaccine history, and low perceived risks were found to predict COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Many nations face huge challenges to get their significant proportion of populations immune to COVID-19. It is important to disseminate accurate information through trusted channels, and policymakers should address predictors of hesitancy when designing vaccination policies.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132355242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-08DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8617
M. Dzordzormenyoh, D. Asafo, Theresa Domeh, Beatrice O. Domeh
The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in many unprecedented mortality and fatalities globally. To address the negative effects of the pandemic on the general public and nations, the Covid-19 vaccine was developed and rolled out globally. However, historical evidence suggests that Africans initially struggle to accept and use vaccines because of misconceptions and ignorance and the Covid-19 vaccine might not be an exception. This study identifies the various factors that influence citizens' acceptance and use of the Covid-19 vaccine in Africa, specifically Sub-Saharan Africa using a chi-square analysis of 3000 respondents from six countries. Results from our analysis suggest that vaccine specific issues such as safety, effectiveness, availability, delivery methods, and other factors strongly correlate with acceptance and use of the Covid-19 vaccine. The findings of this study have serious implications for both theory and practice in Africa and globally.
{"title":"Covid-19 in Africa: Exploring the Factors that Predict Public Acceptance & Use of the Covid-19 Vaccine in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"M. Dzordzormenyoh, D. Asafo, Theresa Domeh, Beatrice O. Domeh","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8617","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in many unprecedented mortality and fatalities globally. To address the negative effects of the pandemic on the general public and nations, the Covid-19 vaccine was developed and rolled out globally. However, historical evidence suggests that Africans initially struggle to accept and use vaccines because of misconceptions and ignorance and the Covid-19 vaccine might not be an exception. This study identifies the various factors that influence citizens' acceptance and use of the Covid-19 vaccine in Africa, specifically Sub-Saharan Africa using a chi-square analysis of 3000 respondents from six countries. Results from our analysis suggest that vaccine specific issues such as safety, effectiveness, availability, delivery methods, and other factors strongly correlate with acceptance and use of the Covid-19 vaccine. The findings of this study have serious implications for both theory and practice in Africa and globally.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115858287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8170
Cara Hernandez, Catherine Gross Gross, Sarah Claire Loeb Loeb
Over 1.5 billion people worldwide are afflicted by soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections: Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura (Ercumen et al., 2019). The disease burden falls mainly on low and middle-income countries (LMICs) without adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), since transmission mainly occurs through soil contaminated with infected feces (Khan et al., 2019). Infection control has typically relied on annual school-based mass drug administration (MDA), however, MDA is not a long-term solution because it does not interrupt environmental transmission (Khan et al., 2019; Vaz Nery et al., 2019, Ziegelbauer et al., 2012). WASH infrastructure and hygiene behavior must be improved to reduce environmental transmission of STH infections (Ecrumen et al., 2019). WASH efforts include access to safely managed water sources and latrines and adequate fecal management (Worrell et al., 2016). However, WASH infrastructure improvements must be accepted by the community and coupled with behavior change to achieve full benefits (Al-Delaimy et al., 2014; Parker et al., 2008; Watson et al., 2017). Community engagement centers communities in the design, implementation, and evaluation of interventions to increase their acceptability and maximize sustainability (Clarke et al., 2018; Muluneh et al., 2020), thus improving the ability of MDA and WASH interventions to achieve long-term and sustainable reductions in STH infections (Clark et al., 2018; Gyorkos et al., 2013; Muluneh et al., 2020). The objective of this review is to examine the impact, methods, and takeaways from interventions that supplement MDA on efforts to control STH infections globally and demonstrates how community engagement practices can augment the effectiveness of interventions.
全球有超过15亿人受到土壤传播蠕虫(STH)感染的影响:类蚓蛔虫、钩虫和毛线虫(Ercumen et al.， 2019)。疾病负担主要落在没有充足的水、环境卫生和个人卫生(WASH)的低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs)身上，因为传播主要是通过被感染粪便污染的土壤发生的(Khan等人，2019)。感染控制通常依赖于每年以学校为基础的大规模药物管理(MDA)，然而，MDA不是一个长期的解决方案，因为它不会中断环境传播(Khan等人，2019;Vaz Nery等人，2019,Ziegelbauer等人，2012)。必须改善WASH基础设施和卫生行为，以减少STH感染的环境传播(Ecrumen et al.， 2019)。WASH工作包括获得安全管理的水源和厕所以及适当的粪便管理(Worrell等人，2016年)。然而，WASH基础设施的改善必须为社区所接受，并与行为改变相结合，才能实现全部效益(al - delaimy et al.， 2014;Parker et al.， 2008;Watson et al.， 2017)。社区参与使社区参与干预措施的设计、实施和评估，以提高其可接受性和最大限度地提高可持续性(Clarke et al.， 2018;Muluneh等人，2020)，从而提高了MDA和WASH干预措施的能力，以实现STH感染的长期和可持续减少(Clark等人，2018;Gyorkos et al.， 2013;Muluneh et al.， 2020)。这篇综述的目的是研究干预措施的影响、方法和收获，这些干预措施补充了全球控制STH感染的努力，并展示了社区参与实践如何提高干预措施的有效性。
{"title":"Moving Beyond MDA to Control STH Infections through WASH, Hygiene Education, and Community Engagement","authors":"Cara Hernandez, Catherine Gross Gross, Sarah Claire Loeb Loeb","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8170","url":null,"abstract":"Over 1.5 billion people worldwide are afflicted by soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections: Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Trichuris trichiura (Ercumen et al., 2019). The disease burden falls mainly on low and middle-income countries (LMICs) without adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), since transmission mainly occurs through soil contaminated with infected feces (Khan et al., 2019). Infection control has typically relied on annual school-based mass drug administration (MDA), however, MDA is not a long-term solution because it does not interrupt environmental transmission (Khan et al., 2019; Vaz Nery et al., 2019, Ziegelbauer et al., 2012). \u0000WASH infrastructure and hygiene behavior must be improved to reduce environmental transmission of STH infections (Ecrumen et al., 2019). WASH efforts include access to safely managed water sources and latrines and adequate fecal management (Worrell et al., 2016). However, WASH infrastructure improvements must be accepted by the community and coupled with behavior change to achieve full benefits (Al-Delaimy et al., 2014; Parker et al., 2008; Watson et al., 2017). Community engagement centers communities in the design, implementation, and evaluation of interventions to increase their acceptability and maximize sustainability (Clarke et al., 2018; Muluneh et al., 2020), thus improving the ability of MDA and WASH interventions to achieve long-term and sustainable reductions in STH infections (Clark et al., 2018; Gyorkos et al., 2013; Muluneh et al., 2020). The objective of this review is to examine the impact, methods, and takeaways from interventions that supplement MDA on efforts to control STH infections globally and demonstrates how community engagement practices can augment the effectiveness of interventions. ","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126095688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-07DOI: 10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8081
Madeleine Beirne, J. Silverman, Olivia Bronzi, Melissa Quiros, K. Kosinski, Shalini Tendulkar
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a water catchment technique used in urban areas globally. RWH has a deep history rooted in indigenous practices and has recently become more accepted in urban areas. The quality and quantity of harvested water depends both on the geographical location of the system with respect to nearby land-use, seasonality, and rainfall intensity, as well as the material of the catchment surface. The economic viability of RWH systems is dependent on initial expenses, operation and maintenance costs, and water fees. Furthermore, government subsidies and clear, concise policy may improve water tank installation, usage, and maintenance. Policy may also help the general public install and use RWH systems through the promotion of education that improves RWH-specific knowledge. While community engagement (CE), stakeholder participation, and increased community knowledge of RWH may potentially yield increases in system use and sustainability, there is a general paucity of this research in peer-reviewed literature. Future studies should explore community engagement within the context of rainwater harvesting systems in urban areas.
{"title":"Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Urban Areas and the Potential Value of Incorporating Community Engagement","authors":"Madeleine Beirne, J. Silverman, Olivia Bronzi, Melissa Quiros, K. Kosinski, Shalini Tendulkar","doi":"10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/cujgh.v11i2.8081","url":null,"abstract":"Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is a water catchment technique used in urban areas globally. RWH has a deep history rooted in indigenous practices and has recently become more accepted in urban areas. The quality and quantity of harvested water depends both on the geographical location of the system with respect to nearby land-use, seasonality, and rainfall intensity, as well as the material of the catchment surface. The economic viability of RWH systems is dependent on initial expenses, operation and maintenance costs, and water fees. Furthermore, government subsidies and clear, concise policy may improve water tank installation, usage, and maintenance. Policy may also help the general public install and use RWH systems through the promotion of education that improves RWH-specific knowledge. While community engagement (CE), stakeholder participation, and increased community knowledge of RWH may potentially yield increases in system use and sustainability, there is a general paucity of this research in peer-reviewed literature. Future studies should explore community engagement within the context of rainwater harvesting systems in urban areas.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127169913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.52214/CUJGH.V11I1.7225
Henon Solomon Gebre, Senya Afi Ghamli, F. Jackson, B. Chavan, Caroline Kingori
Background: Immigrants in the US are at higher risk of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer compared to the general US population. Low awareness surrounding cervical cancer inhibits associated preventive practices. Purpose: This cross-sectional study examined the association between knowledge, attitude, and utilization of health services for cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine among immigrant and refugee women in Ohio. Method: Preliminary analyses were conducted on a total of 70 participants recruited from immigrant and refugee organizations and community centers, using a validated paper survey. Results: There was a statistically significant association between cervical cancer screening and general knowledge on cervical cancer (p = 0.038). The study also revealed association between screening age (p < 0.001) and insurance status (p = 0.033). Majority of the participants perceived HPV vaccine to be ineffective at preventing cervical cancer, and 40.8% participants had never heard of the vaccine and consequently had not been vaccinated. 94% participants did not receive the HPV vaccine, however, 65.3% participants indicated willingness to be vaccinated against HPV for free or at reduced cost. Conclusion: Culturally appropriate interventions are warranted to develop effective strategies that will influence HPV screening behavior and vaccine uptake in this target population.
{"title":"Knowledge, perception and utilization of cervical cancer screening and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among immigrants and refugees in Central Ohio","authors":"Henon Solomon Gebre, Senya Afi Ghamli, F. Jackson, B. Chavan, Caroline Kingori","doi":"10.52214/CUJGH.V11I1.7225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/CUJGH.V11I1.7225","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Immigrants in the US are at higher risk of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer compared to the general US population. Low awareness surrounding cervical cancer inhibits associated preventive practices. Purpose: This cross-sectional study examined the association between knowledge, attitude, and utilization of health services for cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine among immigrant and refugee women in Ohio. Method: Preliminary analyses were conducted on a total of 70 participants recruited from immigrant and refugee organizations and community centers, using a validated paper survey. Results: There was a statistically significant association between cervical cancer screening and general knowledge on cervical cancer (p = 0.038). The study also revealed association between screening age (p < 0.001) and insurance status (p = 0.033). Majority of the participants perceived HPV vaccine to be ineffective at preventing cervical cancer, and 40.8% participants had never heard of the vaccine and consequently had not been vaccinated. 94% participants did not receive the HPV vaccine, however, 65.3% participants indicated willingness to be vaccinated against HPV for free or at reduced cost. Conclusion: Culturally appropriate interventions are warranted to develop effective strategies that will influence HPV screening behavior and vaccine uptake in this target population. ","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125185761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.6954
Gareth Jones, Ye jin Kang
Chlamydia trachomatis is a common STI that is often asymptomatic, and can only be diagnosed through a screening test. Despite acute infection being asymtpoamtic, long term consequences of untreated CT infection can lead to infertility in men and women, increased risk of ectopic preganancy, and the economic burden of the long-term impacts far outweigh the cost of testing and treatment. Despite this, there is currently no concentrated CT screening programme in the DPRK, a region that is indicated to have high STI rates, including CT. Taking into account prevalency, the geopolitical situation of the DPRK, and the cost per positive test, this paper explores whether or not a CT screening programme would be cost-effective in the DPRK.
{"title":"Exploration of introducing a chlamydia screening programme to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea","authors":"Gareth Jones, Ye jin Kang","doi":"10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.6954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.6954","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydia trachomatis is a common STI that is often asymptomatic, and can only be diagnosed through a screening test. Despite acute infection being asymtpoamtic, long term consequences of untreated CT infection can lead to infertility in men and women, increased risk of ectopic preganancy, and the economic burden of the long-term impacts far outweigh the cost of testing and treatment. Despite this, there is currently no concentrated CT screening programme in the DPRK, a region that is indicated to have high STI rates, including CT. Taking into account prevalency, the geopolitical situation of the DPRK, and the cost per positive test, this paper explores whether or not a CT screening programme would be cost-effective in the DPRK.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126993786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.7105
Jesse F. Abelson, M. McNeil, Leeore Levinstein, S. Abelson
Despite improving medical care worldwide, vast healthcare disparities remain in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In Haiti, the under-5 mortality rate is more than double the rate of the Dominican Republic on the other side of the island. Through a partnership with St. Damien and Hospital Bernard Mevs in Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, and the Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, healthcare providers have collaborated to improve pediatric emergency care and outcomes by teaching American Heart Association (AHA) courses in Haiti. Due to COVID-19, many global health initiatives, including through the University of Minnesota, have been postponed indefinitely. In efforts to continue working toward improved delivery of care, we sought to pilot a remote AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) course in Haiti. We delivered a complete AHA PALS course through videoconferencing, with participants engaging in hands-on procedures and simulations. We surveyed participants’ confidence in relevant skills and knowledge pre- and post-course. Results showed significantly improved ratings in 12 of the 18 surveyed items (p<0.05). Participant satisfaction in the video-based delivery of the course indicated that videoconferencing may be an effective method of course delivery. Videoconferencing shows promise as a successful tool to continue global health education.
{"title":"Pediatric Resuscitation Education in the Age of COVID-19","authors":"Jesse F. Abelson, M. McNeil, Leeore Levinstein, S. Abelson","doi":"10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.7105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.7105","url":null,"abstract":"Despite improving medical care worldwide, vast healthcare disparities remain in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). In Haiti, the under-5 mortality rate is more than double the rate of the Dominican Republic on the other side of the island. Through a partnership with St. Damien and Hospital Bernard Mevs in Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, and the Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, healthcare providers have collaborated to improve pediatric emergency care and outcomes by teaching American Heart Association (AHA) courses in Haiti. Due to COVID-19, many global health initiatives, including through the University of Minnesota, have been postponed indefinitely. In efforts to continue working toward improved delivery of care, we sought to pilot a remote AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) course in Haiti. We delivered a complete AHA PALS course through videoconferencing, with participants engaging in hands-on procedures and simulations. We surveyed participants’ confidence in relevant skills and knowledge pre- and post-course. Results showed significantly improved ratings in 12 of the 18 surveyed items (p<0.05). Participant satisfaction in the video-based delivery of the course indicated that videoconferencing may be an effective method of course delivery. Videoconferencing shows promise as a successful tool to continue global health education.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123021803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.7084
B. Dhamala, Prithutam Bhattarai, C. Sharma, S. Thapa
Background: Healthcare workplaces are prone to the occurrence of violence of varying types and degrees. This study assessed the prevalence of violence experienced by nursing staff at a tertiary hospital in urban Nepal. Methods: A self-administered, cross-sectional survey was distributed to the entire nursing staff (N=146) currently working at a large teaching hospital in Kathmandu. The types of violence ascertained included verbal abuse, general harassment, physical assault, and sexual violence. Descriptive and logistic regression were applied to the data analysis. Results: General harassment was the second most commonly experienced; 44% reported having experienced it any time in the past; and 28% reported to have experienced it in the last 12 months. Overall, 68% of all the respondents reported having experienced any type of violence, and 47% reported having experienced it any time in the last 12 months. Compared to single nurses/respondents, married nurses were particularly more likely to experience violence. Conclusion: Development of workplace standards, orientation for all staff members, and the establishment of an effective monitoring and enforcement system are needed to minimize workplace violence at the study site, and most likely elsewhere in Nepal as well.
{"title":"Workplace Violence Experienced by Nursing Staff at a Tertiary Hospital in Urban Nepal","authors":"B. Dhamala, Prithutam Bhattarai, C. Sharma, S. Thapa","doi":"10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.7084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52214/THECUJGH.V10I2.7084","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare workplaces are prone to the occurrence of violence of varying types and degrees. This study assessed the prevalence of violence experienced by nursing staff at a tertiary hospital in urban Nepal. \u0000Methods: A self-administered, cross-sectional survey was distributed to the entire nursing staff (N=146) currently working at a large teaching hospital in Kathmandu. The types of violence ascertained included verbal abuse, general harassment, physical assault, and sexual violence. Descriptive and logistic regression were applied to the data analysis. \u0000Results: General harassment was the second most commonly experienced; 44% reported having experienced it any time in the past; and 28% reported to have experienced it in the last 12 months. Overall, 68% of all the respondents reported having experienced any type of violence, and 47% reported having experienced it any time in the last 12 months. Compared to single nurses/respondents, married nurses were particularly more likely to experience violence. \u0000Conclusion: Development of workplace standards, orientation for all staff members, and the establishment of an effective monitoring and enforcement system are needed to minimize workplace violence at the study site, and most likely elsewhere in Nepal as well.","PeriodicalId":128122,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia University Journal of Global Health","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129549258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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