Pub Date : 2005-06-24DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V2I1.29858
W. Bewket, L. Stroosnijder
{"title":"Resource scarcity and degradation and farm household circumstances in the northwestern highlands of Ethiopia: a case study in the Chemoga watershed","authors":"W. Bewket, L. Stroosnijder","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V2I1.29858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V2I1.29858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123730635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-24DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V2I1.29863
H. Ahmed
{"title":"Book Review: Futūh al-Habaša, The Conquest of Abyssinia [16th Century]","authors":"H. Ahmed","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V2I1.29863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V2I1.29863","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130076686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-08DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29855
D. Fantaye
{"title":"Book Review: Merera Gudina: Ethiopia: Competing Ethnic Nationalism and the Quest for Democracy, 1960-2000 . N.P Shaker Publishing 2003","authors":"D. Fantaye","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29855","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114587654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-08DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29852
Setargew Kenaw
What are the aims and objectives of university education? What is, in short, the philosophy of university education? In dealing with this central question, various educators and philosophers have provided us with different formulations. Despite the contending conceptions that emanate from diverse assumptions about what university education ought to be, there is a widespread agreement that there should be certain features that should be there if a university should maintain itself as a university. This paper tries, first, to establish the conceptual framework on the idea of a university. Drawing on What are the aims and objectives of university education? What is, in short, the philosophy of university education? In dealing with this central question, various educators and philosophers have provided the Newmanesqean analysis of what university education ought to be, and, more specifically, the distinction that the analysis brings to our attention, namely the distinction between “useful” knowledge and knowledge that is sought for its own sake, the paper subsequently argues that the end of university education should primarily be liberal or philosophical as opposed to technical or vocational education whose obvious and ultimate criterion is “usefulness.” The paper then gives us an overview of the history of Addis Ababa University with particular emphasis to the pressures that have affected its missions and aims. As hinted by the very topic, the central thesis of this paper is that Addis Ababa University has increasingly come under the pressures of capitalist consumerism. In order to substantiate this point, it is attempted to employ an analysis that works at three levels: (i) the global capitalist context and the demonstration of the utilitarian pressures on a few Western universities; (ii) Ethiopia's adoption of the principle of the free market economy, the role of international financial agencies, and related developments; and (iii) the in-campus responses to the afore-mentioned influences and the misconceptions behind them. The paper therefore strongly argues that Addis Ababa University is increasingly falling prey to extremely utilitarian or consumerist demands, which would in turn lead it astray from one of the central educational missions that a university should address, i.e. the cultivation and the disciplining of the mind. In addition to discussing the global and local politico-economic developments that demonstrate the reality of the pressures in question, the paper tries to substantiate its point by drawing on a few but symbolic developments within the University during the past few years. EJOSSAH Vol.1(1) 2003: 35-61
{"title":"The Idea of a University and the Increasing Pressures of Utilitarianism: A Critical Reflection on Addis Ababa University","authors":"Setargew Kenaw","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29852","url":null,"abstract":"What are the aims and objectives of university education? What is, in short, the philosophy of university education? In dealing with this central question, various educators and philosophers have provided us with different formulations. Despite the contending conceptions that emanate from diverse assumptions about what university education ought to be, there is a widespread agreement that there should be certain features that should be there if a university should maintain itself as a university. \u0000This paper tries, first, to establish the conceptual framework on the idea of a university. Drawing on What are the aims and objectives of university education? What is, in short, the philosophy of university education? In dealing with this central question, various educators and philosophers have provided the Newmanesqean analysis of what university education ought to be, and, more specifically, the distinction that the analysis brings to our attention, namely the distinction between “useful” knowledge and knowledge that is sought for its own sake, the paper subsequently argues that the end of university education should primarily be liberal or philosophical as opposed to technical or vocational education whose obvious and ultimate criterion is “usefulness.” The paper then gives us an overview of the history of Addis Ababa University with particular emphasis to the pressures that have affected its missions and aims. As hinted by the very topic, the central thesis of this paper is that Addis Ababa University has increasingly come under the pressures of capitalist consumerism. In order to substantiate this point, it is attempted to employ an analysis that works at three levels: (i) the global capitalist context and the demonstration of the utilitarian pressures on a few Western universities; (ii) Ethiopia's adoption of the principle of the free market economy, the role of international financial agencies, and related developments; and (iii) the in-campus responses to the afore-mentioned influences and the misconceptions behind them. \u0000The paper therefore strongly argues that Addis Ababa University is increasingly falling prey to extremely utilitarian or consumerist demands, which would in turn lead it astray from one of the central educational missions that a university should address, i.e. the cultivation and the disciplining of the mind. In addition to discussing the global and local politico-economic developments that demonstrate the reality of the pressures in question, the paper tries to substantiate its point by drawing on a few but symbolic developments within the University during the past few years. EJOSSAH Vol.1(1) 2003: 35-61","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124528404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-08DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29853
Workineh Kelbessa
Environmental ethics is a critical study of the normative issues and principles relevant to the relationship between humans and the natural world. It covers various fields, ranging from the welfare of animals versus ecosystems to theories of the intrinsic value of nature. There are various approaches to environmental ethics. This paper examines some of the key positions presented by different environmental ethicists and their impacts on the natural environment. Some writers maintain that environmental ethics does not have a major contribution to make to the solution of environmental problems. However, this study and the contribution of many scholars show that environmental ethics has much to contribute to the solution of global environmental problems. Various governments and policy makers can bring the insights of environmental ethics into various natural resource management settings. The ideas of environmental ethicists have had an impact on the natural environment. Among others, the “Precautionary principle” is an ethical principle that is increasingly being embodied in the legislation of various governments. If environmental ethics broadens its scope and addresses the injustice done to the majority of poor and powerless people and to nonhuman species, it will have a paramount role in creating awareness within countries and globally about the actions of transnational corporations, irresponsible capitalist countries and local industries which damage the environment. Environmental ethicists may alert peasant farmers, pastoralists and other indigenous people to understand the long range effects of environmental degradation that are beyond the purview of local people and otherwise unavailable. Environmental ethicists with varied backgrounds can join peasant farmers and pastoralists who have multidimensional knowledge of the natural environment and help them develop further knowledge of it. The efforts of many people will one day bring change in favour of the majority of the people, nonhuman species, and the planet Earth. In fact, the paper stresses that environmental questions are not simply ethical. It suggests that the present power relations at the local and international levels should be changed in the direction of just and environmentally and socially sound development. EJOSSAH Vol.1(1) 2003: 63-88
{"title":"Environmental Ethics in Theory and Practical Application","authors":"Workineh Kelbessa","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29853","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental ethics is a critical study of the normative issues and principles relevant to the relationship between humans and the natural world. It covers various fields, ranging from the welfare of animals versus ecosystems to theories of the intrinsic value of nature. There are various approaches to environmental ethics. This paper examines some of the key positions presented by different environmental ethicists and their impacts on the natural environment. Some writers maintain that environmental ethics does not have a major contribution to make to the solution of environmental problems. However, this study and the contribution of many scholars show that environmental ethics has much to contribute to the solution of global environmental problems. Various governments and policy makers can bring the insights of environmental ethics into various natural resource management settings. The ideas of environmental ethicists have had an impact on the natural environment. Among others, the “Precautionary principle” is an ethical principle that is increasingly being embodied in the legislation of various governments. If environmental ethics broadens its scope and addresses the injustice done to the majority of poor and powerless people and to nonhuman species, it will have a paramount role in creating awareness within countries and globally about the actions of transnational corporations, irresponsible capitalist countries and local industries which damage the environment. \u0000Environmental ethicists may alert peasant farmers, pastoralists and other indigenous people to understand the long range effects of environmental degradation that are beyond the purview of local people and otherwise unavailable. Environmental ethicists with varied backgrounds can join peasant farmers and pastoralists who have multidimensional knowledge of the natural environment and help them develop further knowledge of it. The efforts of many people will one day bring change in favour of the majority of the people, nonhuman species, and the planet Earth. In fact, the paper stresses that environmental questions are not simply ethical. It suggests that the present power relations at the local and international levels should be changed in the direction of just and environmentally and socially sound development. EJOSSAH Vol.1(1) 2003: 63-88","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127471088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-08DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29851
Muluneh Woldetsadik
This paper surveys the impact of growing population pressure on the environmental resource base of Ethiopia at large, and that of West Gurageland in particular, as reflected in the land use/land cover changes in light of the two noted and widely held neo-Malthusian (pessimistic) and Boesrupian (optimistic) views. The direction and magnitude of changes in the natural resource base and in population are evaluated and the driving forces of the changes are identified. By way of assessing policy implications of the two outlooks, the author argues that neither the pessimistic nor optimistic assessments, separately, can completely explain the relationships that exist between population, natural resources and rural economy in West Gurageland. Data needed to appraise the spatio-temporal patterns of the population and resource base of the study areas were obtained from census reports, statistical abstracts, documents and aerial photographs spanning four decades. The GIS softwares such as MDSD, ARC/INFO and Arc View were used to process the land use data and evaluate the changes observed in the land use/land cover of six sampled Kebele Peasant Administrations (KPAs). The survey results showed that Ethiopia has a diversified and huge natural resource base, which is degraded and found in a critical state. At the national level, deforestation takes place at a rate ranging between 160,000 to 200,000 hectares per annum and forest cover decreased from about 35 - 40 % in 1900 to less than 3% at the moment. The amount of soils washed away ranges between 1.2 and 1.9 billion tons every year from the highlands. Furthermore, the land use survey results in West Gurageland revealed that cropped area and settlements, respectively, increased by about 25% and 35% in the last four decades. Pastureland and shrubland decreased by about 34 and 15% respectively. Wastelands increased by about 53% while eucalyptus tree density increased by about 170%. Hence, the state of `more people more trees` dictum holds true in this case. Grazing area and shrub land decreased while wastelands increased. Nearly all the 315 respondents undertook tree planting and more than half of them were involved in making terraces and building check dams. In such dynamics, the impact of population growth is very important but cannot be considered the only critical condition. There are other socio-economic factors including government policy environments and institutional settings such as lack of land tenure security, poor infrastructure development, lack of good governance, social and political instability and civil war. These could have been equally or more important to population pressure in explaining the observed changes. Therefore, it is likely that population growth has not alone been responsible for natural capital resources management problems, stagnation of land use technology and agricultural productivity, and changes in the land use/land cover. Although land degradation due to soil erosion was
{"title":"Population growth and environmental recovery: more people, more trees, lesson learned from West Gurageland","authors":"Muluneh Woldetsadik","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29851","url":null,"abstract":"This paper surveys the impact of growing population pressure on the environmental resource base of Ethiopia at large, and that of West Gurageland in particular, as reflected in the land use/land cover changes in light of the two noted and widely held neo-Malthusian (pessimistic) and Boesrupian (optimistic) views. The direction and magnitude of changes in the natural resource base and in population are evaluated and the driving forces of the changes are identified. By way of assessing policy implications of the two outlooks, the author argues that neither the pessimistic nor optimistic assessments, separately, can completely explain the relationships that exist between population, natural resources and rural economy in West Gurageland. \u0000Data needed to appraise the spatio-temporal patterns of the population and resource base of the study areas were obtained from census reports, statistical abstracts, documents and aerial photographs spanning four decades. The GIS softwares such as MDSD, ARC/INFO and Arc View were used to process the land use data and evaluate the changes observed in the land use/land cover of six sampled Kebele Peasant Administrations (KPAs). The survey results showed that Ethiopia has a diversified and huge natural resource base, which is degraded and found in a critical state. At the national level, deforestation takes place at a rate ranging between 160,000 to 200,000 hectares per annum and forest cover decreased from about 35 - 40 % in 1900 to less than 3% at the moment. The amount of soils washed away ranges between 1.2 and 1.9 billion tons every year from the highlands. Furthermore, the land use survey results in West Gurageland revealed that cropped area and settlements, respectively, increased by about 25% and 35% in the last four decades. Pastureland and shrubland decreased by about 34 and 15% respectively. Wastelands increased by about 53% while eucalyptus tree density increased by about 170%. Hence, the state of `more people more trees` dictum holds true in this case. Grazing area and shrub land decreased while wastelands increased. Nearly all the 315 respondents undertook tree planting and more than half of them were involved in making terraces and building check dams. \u0000In such dynamics, the impact of population growth is very important but cannot be considered the only critical condition. There are other socio-economic factors including government policy environments and institutional settings such as lack of land tenure security, poor infrastructure development, lack of good governance, social and political instability and civil war. These could have been equally or more important to population pressure in explaining the observed changes. Therefore, it is likely that population growth has not alone been responsible for natural capital resources management problems, stagnation of land use technology and agricultural productivity, and changes in the land use/land cover. Although land degradation due to soil erosion was ","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115679843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-07-08DOI: 10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29854
Wudu Tafete
{"title":"Research Report: Chruch, Nation and State: The Making of Modern Ethiopia, 1926-1991 - A Research Proposal","authors":"Wudu Tafete","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V1I1.29854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124401858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modernity as a philosophical project seeks to lay the foundation for human emancipation in developing critical discourses of reason. The tool of critical discourses is to construct a logical power that banishes all obstacles which prevent from the Enlightenment conditions of humanity. At the outset of Jurgen Habermas’ critical social theory, priority is given to human emancipatory potentials to reach into a universal consensus while positively organizing instrumental as well as hermeneutic interests. If emancipation is human, then it requires rational as well as ethical discourses of approaching human global problems. In line with this argument, it must be an urgent task to introduce a new trend that can understand and potentially solve the real questions of [global humanity]. What are the fundamental causes for and in contemporary global social crises and distractions? Most of us would accept Habermas’ core argument that describes modernity as an unfinished project and its emancipative themes are not fully realized. But we need to go beyond the Habermasian perspective to identify human problems in which modernity faces globally. Thus, this article traces key emancipatory and communicative possibilities of trans-modernism (Dussel 1993).1 Trans-modernity as a critical paradigm aims at human liberation although its starting juncture is the concealed philosophical traditions of the colonized societies by using their lived and felt experiences.
{"title":"Reinventing the World? Trans-modernitys Emancipatory and Communicative Possibilities","authors":"B. Mekonnen","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V8I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V8I1","url":null,"abstract":"Modernity as a philosophical project seeks to lay the foundation for human emancipation in developing critical discourses of reason. The tool of critical discourses is to construct a logical power that banishes all obstacles which prevent from the Enlightenment conditions of humanity. At the outset of Jurgen Habermas’ critical social theory, priority is given to human emancipatory potentials to reach into a universal consensus while positively organizing instrumental as well as hermeneutic interests. If emancipation is human, then it requires rational as well as ethical discourses of approaching human global problems. In line with this argument, it must be an urgent task to introduce a new trend that can understand and potentially solve the real questions of [global humanity]. What are the fundamental causes for and in contemporary global social crises and distractions? Most of us would accept Habermas’ core argument that describes modernity as an unfinished project and its emancipative themes are not fully realized. But we need to go beyond the Habermasian perspective to identify human problems in which modernity faces globally. Thus, this article traces key emancipatory and communicative possibilities of trans-modernism (Dussel 1993).1 Trans-modernity as a critical paradigm aims at human liberation although its starting juncture is the concealed philosophical traditions of the colonized societies by using their lived and felt experiences.","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115155597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the debates about the role of NGOs that have been involved in the Borana zone, Oromia Region, in Ethiopia. The study examines some of the major areas of their engagement in Borana with regards to peace building and ‘development’. The interviews and focus group discussion and observations from the various reports indicate that there were several NGOs working in the area, which was also acknowledged by members of the community during the fieldwork. Information from the local government administration offices in Borana also show that they do recognize the wide ranging activities of NGOs. The study indicated that while NGOs continue to engage in the region in activities relating to natural resource management, community capacity building and humanitarian responses generally presented as ‘development works’, the involvement of most of them in peace building in the form of hosting conferences, meetings and facilitating peace agreements have been abandoned following the coming into being of what has been popularly termed as civil society legislation (Proclamation 621/2009). Consequently NGOs that were involved in direct forms of peace building at some level have now shifted their discourses to ‘development’.
{"title":"Peacebuilding or ‘Development’? The Dynamics of Conflict and NGOs’ Role in Borana, Oromia Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Solomon Mebre","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V11I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V11I1","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the debates about the role of NGOs that have been involved in the Borana zone, Oromia Region, in Ethiopia. The study examines some of the major areas of their engagement in Borana with regards to peace building and ‘development’. The interviews and focus group discussion and observations from the various reports indicate that there were several NGOs working in the area, which was also acknowledged by members of the community during the fieldwork. Information from the local government administration offices in Borana also show that they do recognize the wide ranging activities of NGOs. The study indicated that while NGOs continue to engage in the region in activities relating to natural resource management, community capacity building and humanitarian responses generally presented as ‘development works’, the involvement of most of them in peace building in the form of hosting conferences, meetings and facilitating peace agreements have been abandoned following the coming into being of what has been popularly termed as civil society legislation (Proclamation 621/2009). Consequently NGOs that were involved in direct forms of peace building at some level have now shifted their discourses to ‘development’.","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"171 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114001712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the impacts of forest carbon project on the livelihoods of rural households and its implications for the sustainability of forest by focusing on a regenerated forest in Humbo district of Southwestern Ethiopia. The methods through which primary data were gathered are a triangulation of household survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. A total of 132 households were covered by the survey. Findings indicate that though majority of the households resorted to use resources on their own land, the change in the households’ access to the forestland made 24.2% of the sample households to purchase fuel-wood, 39.4 % to purchase fodder and 62.9 % to reduce their livestock possessions. Although some households benefited from the jobs created and the skill trainings given by the initiative, only 22% of the sample household attributed the improvement of their yearly income to the benefits associated with the project. The protection of the forestland came up with negative livelihood outcomes particularly for households which previously highly depended on the forestland and for those living in the close proximity of the protected forest. Finally, among several variables considered, only educational status of the respondents, size of farmland and the distance of the households from the forestland were found to statistically significantly influence the attitude of the respondents towards the forest. Achieving positive livelihood outcome, therefore, requires among others fencing the forest area to reduce human-wildlife conflict; and developing frameworks for access to microcredit services in the study areas. Keywords: Carbon project, Ethiopia, forest sustainability, Humbo, livelihood, regenerated forest
{"title":"Livelihood impacts of forest carbon project and its implications for forest sustainability: the case of regenerated forest in Humbo District, Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Fekadu Israel Alambo, P. Murugan","doi":"10.4314/EJOSSAH.V11I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJOSSAH.V11I2","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impacts of forest carbon project on the livelihoods of rural households and its implications for the sustainability of forest by focusing on a regenerated forest in Humbo district of Southwestern Ethiopia. The methods through which primary data were gathered are a triangulation of household survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. A total of 132 households were covered by the survey. Findings indicate that though majority of the households resorted to use resources on their own land, the change in the households’ access to the forestland made 24.2% of the sample households to purchase fuel-wood, 39.4 % to purchase fodder and 62.9 % to reduce their livestock possessions. Although some households benefited from the jobs created and the skill trainings given by the initiative, only 22% of the sample household attributed the improvement of their yearly income to the benefits associated with the project. The protection of the forestland came up with negative livelihood outcomes particularly for households which previously highly depended on the forestland and for those living in the close proximity of the protected forest. Finally, among several variables considered, only educational status of the respondents, size of farmland and the distance of the households from the forestland were found to statistically significantly influence the attitude of the respondents towards the forest. Achieving positive livelihood outcome, therefore, requires among others fencing the forest area to reduce human-wildlife conflict; and developing frameworks for access to microcredit services in the study areas. Keywords: Carbon project, Ethiopia, forest sustainability, Humbo, livelihood, regenerated forest","PeriodicalId":129334,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115119931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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