Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-33-43
I. L. Simakova, A. N. Kulikov, S. A. Serdiukova, K. S. Gorbacheva, L. Grigoryan
PURPOSE. To study the diagnostic effectiveness of an improved software version of the well-known authors' modification of Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) perimetry by comparing it with the previous software version and standard automated perimetry on the same contingent of healthy individuals and patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).METHODS. The study included 56 patients (105 eyes) (mean age 61±13.2 years) with POAG. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the stage of glaucoma: group 1 — early stage (39 eyes), group 2 — moderate (25 eyes), and group 3 — advanced (9 eyes) stage. The fourth (control) group included 32 eyes of 16 healthy people (average age 48.2±6.2 years). All study subjects underwent standard automated perimetry (SAP) on the Humphrey III visual field analyzer and non-standard perimetry in the form of our own modification of FDT perimetry and its improved software version — FDT VR version based on the new portable automatic perimeter "Stimulus" (OOO Total Vizhen, Russia). The optic nerve disc was evaluated on the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3.RESULTS. The software version of the authors' modification of FDT perimetry has been improved for liquid crystal monitors and adapted to the portable perimeter "Stimulus". When comparing diagnostic effectiveness, both variants of FDT perimetry are not inferior to SAP in sensitivity (87.6; 87.8 and 86.7%, respectively), and in terms of specificity (98.2; 98.1 and 84.4%, respectively) they are superior. A strong (r=0.99988) and reliable (p<0.05) correlation was found between the average values of light sensitivity for both variants of FDT perimetry.CONCLUSION. The introduction of FDT perimetry based on the new portable automatic perimeter "Stimulus" into widespread ophthalmological practice can contribute to improving the effectiveness of screening and early diagnosis of glaucoma.
目的。通过将知名作者改进的倍频技术(Frequency倍频技术，FDT)视距仪软件版本与原软件版本及标准自动视距仪软件版本对同一组健康人群和原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者的诊断效果进行比较，研究改进软件版本的诊断效果。本研究纳入56例(105眼)POAG患者(平均年龄61±13.2岁)。根据青光眼分期将患者分为3组:1组-早期(39眼)，2组-中度(25眼)，3组-晚期(9眼)。第四组(对照组)健康人群16例，32只眼，平均年龄48.2±6.2岁。所有研究对象在Humphrey III型视野分析仪上进行标准的自动视界测量(SAP)，并以我们自己修改的FDT视界测量及其改进的软件版本-基于新型便携式自动视界“刺激”(俄罗斯OOO Total Vizhen)的FDT VR版本进行非标准视界测量。在海德堡视网膜断层扫描(Heidelberg Retina tomography)上评估视神经盘。作者修改的FDT视距测量软件版本已改进为液晶显示器，并适应便携式周长“刺激”。当比较诊断效果时，两种FDT透视法的灵敏度都不低于SAP (87.6;分别为87.8和86.7%)，特异性为98.2;(分别为98.1和84.4%)。两种FDT周长的光敏度平均值之间存在很强的相关性(r=0.99988)和可靠的相关性(p<0.05)。将基于新型便携式自动周长“刺激”的FDT视界仪广泛引入眼科实践，有助于提高青光眼筛查和早期诊断的有效性。
{"title":"New possibilities of perimetry in screening and early diagnosis of glaucoma","authors":"I. L. Simakova, A. N. Kulikov, S. A. Serdiukova, K. S. Gorbacheva, L. Grigoryan","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-33-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-33-43","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. To study the diagnostic effectiveness of an improved software version of the well-known authors' modification of Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) perimetry by comparing it with the previous software version and standard automated perimetry on the same contingent of healthy individuals and patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).METHODS. The study included 56 patients (105 eyes) (mean age 61±13.2 years) with POAG. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the stage of glaucoma: group 1 — early stage (39 eyes), group 2 — moderate (25 eyes), and group 3 — advanced (9 eyes) stage. The fourth (control) group included 32 eyes of 16 healthy people (average age 48.2±6.2 years). All study subjects underwent standard automated perimetry (SAP) on the Humphrey III visual field analyzer and non-standard perimetry in the form of our own modification of FDT perimetry and its improved software version — FDT VR version based on the new portable automatic perimeter \"Stimulus\" (OOO Total Vizhen, Russia). The optic nerve disc was evaluated on the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph 3.RESULTS. The software version of the authors' modification of FDT perimetry has been improved for liquid crystal monitors and adapted to the portable perimeter \"Stimulus\". When comparing diagnostic effectiveness, both variants of FDT perimetry are not inferior to SAP in sensitivity (87.6; 87.8 and 86.7%, respectively), and in terms of specificity (98.2; 98.1 and 84.4%, respectively) they are superior. A strong (r=0.99988) and reliable (p<0.05) correlation was found between the average values of light sensitivity for both variants of FDT perimetry.CONCLUSION. The introduction of FDT perimetry based on the new portable automatic perimeter \"Stimulus\" into widespread ophthalmological practice can contribute to improving the effectiveness of screening and early diagnosis of glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"71 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-99-111
I. L. Simakova, L. Grigoryan, K. S. Gorbacheva
Nowadays methods of standard and non-standard computerized perimetry using stationary devices are widely used in functional screening of glaucoma. The information about new portable devices for perimetry has appeared in foreign literature in recent years, describing such advantages as economic availability, autonomy and mobility, which open up new possibilities for their use. New possibilities include cloud storage of data, the use of telemedicine technologies, artificial intelligence, examination of patients with disabilities, including those who are bedridden, as well as examination outside of medical institutions. All of this can allow glaucoma patients to receive ophthalmic care when in-person visits are unavailable, including social distancing needed during a pandemic or quarantine. This review of the literature describes the latest portable devices and applications for perimetry, attempts to classify them according to similar parameters, and assesses their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the prospects for their use in functional screening of glaucoma.
{"title":"Modern possibilities of functional glaucoma screening (part 1)","authors":"I. L. Simakova, L. Grigoryan, K. S. Gorbacheva","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-99-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-99-111","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays methods of standard and non-standard computerized perimetry using stationary devices are widely used in functional screening of glaucoma. The information about new portable devices for perimetry has appeared in foreign literature in recent years, describing such advantages as economic availability, autonomy and mobility, which open up new possibilities for their use. New possibilities include cloud storage of data, the use of telemedicine technologies, artificial intelligence, examination of patients with disabilities, including those who are bedridden, as well as examination outside of medical institutions. All of this can allow glaucoma patients to receive ophthalmic care when in-person visits are unavailable, including social distancing needed during a pandemic or quarantine. This review of the literature describes the latest portable devices and applications for perimetry, attempts to classify them according to similar parameters, and assesses their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the prospects for their use in functional screening of glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-89-98
T. Iureva, Y.V. Malisheva
Excessive fibrosis and scarring of newly created aqueous humor outflow pathways, mainly at the level of the intrascleral canal and filtering bleb, is a significant disadvantage of the so-called bleb-dependent antiglaucoma surgery. Taking into account the fact that aqueous humor, which flows evenly through the non-healing fistula under the hermetically sutured conjunctiva, is the forming substrate for the newly created outflow pathways, its composition also plays an important role in the body's response to surgical trauma. A large number of publications reliably demonstrate an increase in the concentration of various biologically active molecules in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of glaucoma patients. These are transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins IL-6 and IL-8, etc., which concentration in cases of unsuccessful outcome of trabeculectomy was significantly increased compared to patients who underwent successful surgeries. In addition, it has been established that an imbalance of various matrix metalloproteinase pools, fibroblast activation, wound infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages, which in turn express a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, contribute to the prolongation of inflammation and fibrosis. An important condition for the removal of aqueous humor from the filtering bleb area is the postoperative activation of conjunctival lymphatic angiogenesis, which suppression may be associated with prolonged inflammation or the active use of cytostatics. This literature review presents the complexities of the pathophysiological mechanisms of postoperative healing and the formation of newly created aqueous humor outflow pathways after antiglaucoma operations. At the same time, the question remains open about the effect of initial changes not only on the tissues of the ocular surface, but also in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber, as well as the general condition of patients on the outcome of the operation.The purpose of this review is to present modern literature data on the pathophysiological mechanisms of the wound healing process and the features of postoperative healing regulation after antiglaucoma surgery.
{"title":"Features of the reparative process after antiglaucoma surgery","authors":"T. Iureva, Y.V. Malisheva","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-89-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-89-98","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive fibrosis and scarring of newly created aqueous humor outflow pathways, mainly at the level of the intrascleral canal and filtering bleb, is a significant disadvantage of the so-called bleb-dependent antiglaucoma surgery. Taking into account the fact that aqueous humor, which flows evenly through the non-healing fistula under the hermetically sutured conjunctiva, is the forming substrate for the newly created outflow pathways, its composition also plays an important role in the body's response to surgical trauma. A large number of publications reliably demonstrate an increase in the concentration of various biologically active molecules in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of glaucoma patients. These are transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins IL-6 and IL-8, etc., which concentration in cases of unsuccessful outcome of trabeculectomy was significantly increased compared to patients who underwent successful surgeries. In addition, it has been established that an imbalance of various matrix metalloproteinase pools, fibroblast activation, wound infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages, which in turn express a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, contribute to the prolongation of inflammation and fibrosis. An important condition for the removal of aqueous humor from the filtering bleb area is the postoperative activation of conjunctival lymphatic angiogenesis, which suppression may be associated with prolonged inflammation or the active use of cytostatics. This literature review presents the complexities of the pathophysiological mechanisms of postoperative healing and the formation of newly created aqueous humor outflow pathways after antiglaucoma operations. At the same time, the question remains open about the effect of initial changes not only on the tissues of the ocular surface, but also in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber, as well as the general condition of patients on the outcome of the operation.The purpose of this review is to present modern literature data on the pathophysiological mechanisms of the wound healing process and the features of postoperative healing regulation after antiglaucoma surgery.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-60-66
L. Arutyunyan, S. Anisimova, S. Anisimov, D. A. Teuvazhukova
PURPOSE. The study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive effectiveness and the condition of the ocular surface in patients with glaucoma during monotherapy with the drug Traviolan® (travaprost 0.05%).METHODS. This longitudinal, randomized, prospective study included 27 patients (59.6% women, 40.4% men; mean age 64.1±6.4) with uncompensated primary open-angle glaucoma in early and moderate stages receiving mono-therapy with β-blockers or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. This was a longitudinal, randomized, prospective, observational study. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and assessment of dry eye symptoms using a questionnaire (Ocular Surface Disease Index, OSDI). An objective assessment of the condition of the ocular surface was carried out using the Sirius corneal topography device, which is used for assessment of tear film breakup time (TBUT). All patients were re-examined after 12 weeks.RESULTS. Intraocular pressure was significantly reduced at all study visits and amounted to 5.9±2.8 mm Hg at week12 (25.9%). There was a significant reduction in symptoms of dry eye, irritation, itching, and foreign body sensation (p<0.05 for each parameter). A significant improvement was also noted in terms of the condition of the ocular surface, and in most patients the symptom complex was classified as mild dry eye syndrome (p<0.05). Additionally, there was also a significant improvement in the OSDI score (p<0.05) with a mean of 17.95±5.35 points. The tear film breakup time by the end of observation increased by 4.1±2.3 sec and amounted to 7.4±3.1 sec.CONCLUSION. The drug Traviolan® has high antihypertensive effectiveness and good tolerability, and improves the condition of the ocular surface.
目的。本研究旨在评价特拉维安®(0.05%特拉维前列素)单药治疗青光眼患者的降压效果和眼表状况。这项纵向、随机、前瞻性研究纳入了27例患者(女性59.6%，男性40.4%;平均年龄64.1±6.4)，早期和中度无代偿性原发性开角型青光眼，接受β受体阻滞剂或碳酸酐酶抑制剂的单一治疗。这是一项纵向、随机、前瞻性、观察性研究。所有患者都接受了完整的眼科检查，并使用调查问卷(眼表疾病指数，OSDI)评估干眼症状。采用Sirius角膜地形图仪对泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)进行客观评价。所有患者在12周后再次接受检查。在所有的研究访问中，眼压都显著降低，在第12周时达到5.9±2.8 mm Hg(25.9%)。干眼、刺激、瘙痒和异物感症状显著减轻(各参数p<0.05)。在眼表状况方面也有显著改善，大多数患者的症状复合被归类为轻度干眼综合征(p<0.05)。OSDI评分也有显著改善(p<0.05)，平均为17.95±5.35分。观察结束时泪膜破裂时间增加4.1±2.3秒，达到7.4±3.1秒。药物Traviolan®降压效果高，耐受性好，改善眼表状况。
{"title":"The effect of a preservative-free prostaglandin analogue on the condition of the ocular surface in patients with glaucoma","authors":"L. Arutyunyan, S. Anisimova, S. Anisimov, D. A. Teuvazhukova","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-60-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-60-66","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. The study aimed to evaluate the antihypertensive effectiveness and the condition of the ocular surface in patients with glaucoma during monotherapy with the drug Traviolan® (travaprost 0.05%).METHODS. This longitudinal, randomized, prospective study included 27 patients (59.6% women, 40.4% men; mean age 64.1±6.4) with uncompensated primary open-angle glaucoma in early and moderate stages receiving mono-therapy with β-blockers or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. This was a longitudinal, randomized, prospective, observational study. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and assessment of dry eye symptoms using a questionnaire (Ocular Surface Disease Index, OSDI). An objective assessment of the condition of the ocular surface was carried out using the Sirius corneal topography device, which is used for assessment of tear film breakup time (TBUT). All patients were re-examined after 12 weeks.RESULTS. Intraocular pressure was significantly reduced at all study visits and amounted to 5.9±2.8 mm Hg at week12 (25.9%). There was a significant reduction in symptoms of dry eye, irritation, itching, and foreign body sensation (p<0.05 for each parameter). A significant improvement was also noted in terms of the condition of the ocular surface, and in most patients the symptom complex was classified as mild dry eye syndrome (p<0.05). Additionally, there was also a significant improvement in the OSDI score (p<0.05) with a mean of 17.95±5.35 points. The tear film breakup time by the end of observation increased by 4.1±2.3 sec and amounted to 7.4±3.1 sec.CONCLUSION. The drug Traviolan® has high antihypertensive effectiveness and good tolerability, and improves the condition of the ocular surface.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"14 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-45-50
Javadova G.Ch
PURPOSE. Comparative evaluation of anti-hypertensive effectiveness of tafluprost 0.0015% (Taflotan), and a fixed-combination of benzolamide 1% and timolol maleate 0.5% (Azarga) preparation in an experimental animal model with artificially induced steroidal ophthalmic hypertension.METHODS. The study experiments were performed on 30 sexually mature Chinchilla rabbits (60 eyes) with steroid-induced glaucoma modeled by ocular instillations of dexamethasone.The animals were divided into 3 groups each consisting of 10 rabbits. The first group was the controls that were divided into two subgroups; they were instilled dexamethasone 0.1% two drops per day into the right eye (the left eye remained as control) for 20 days in subgroup 1, and for 30 days in subgroup 2.The animals in group 2 received Azarga, group 3 — Taflotan. Animals of group 2 and 3 were divided into three subgroups: in subgroup 1 the animals were instilled the studied drugs for 10 days, in subgroup 2 — for 20 days, in subgroup 3 — for 30 days.RESULTS. Both drugs reduced the intraocular pressure down to the reference range, i.e. 18–25 mm Hg. Animals that received instillations of Taflotan achieved the refe rence range values after 10 days, while the animals receiving Azarga — after 20 days.CONCLUSIONS. Under the conditions of steroidal ophthalmic hypertension, instillations of both Azarga and Taflotan yield satisfactory results in terms of IOP reduction. The use of Taflotan allowed achieving the reference range values after 10 days, Azarga — after 20 days. Taking into account the ease of administration of Taflotan, it can be recommended as the most convenient and effective drug in terms of reducing intraocular pressure.
目的。对比评价0.0015%他氟前列素(他氟坦)与1%苯并胺与0.5%马来酸替马洛尔(阿扎尔加)固定联合用药在人工甾体性眼性高血压实验动物模型中的降压效果。本研究以30只性成熟鼠(60眼)为实验对象，采用眼内注射地塞米松的方法建立类固醇性青光眼模型。实验动物分为3组，每组10只。第一组是对照组，分为两个亚组;第1亚组为右眼滴注0.1%地塞米松，每天2滴(左眼为对照)，连续20天，第2亚组为30天。第2组给予阿扎尔加，第3组给予塔夫罗坦。将第2、3组动物分为3个亚组:第1亚组灌胃研究药物10 d，第2亚组灌胃研究药物20 d，第3亚组灌胃研究药物30 d。两种药物均可使眼压降至参考范围，即18-25 mm Hg，滴入Taflotan的动物在10天后可达到参考值，而滴入Azarga -的动物在20天后可达到参考值。在甾体性眼压升高的情况下，滴注Azarga和Taflotan均可获得满意的IOP降低效果。使用Taflotan可以在10天后达到参考范围值，Azarga -在20天后。考虑到他洛坦易于给药，在降低眼压方面，他洛坦可被推荐为最方便和有效的药物。
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a prostaglandin analogue and fixed-dose combination drug containing brinzolamide 1% and timolol maleate 0.5% (an experimental study)","authors":"Javadova G.Ch","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-45-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-45-50","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. Comparative evaluation of anti-hypertensive effectiveness of tafluprost 0.0015% (Taflotan), and a fixed-combination of benzolamide 1% and timolol maleate 0.5% (Azarga) preparation in an experimental animal model with artificially induced steroidal ophthalmic hypertension.METHODS. The study experiments were performed on 30 sexually mature Chinchilla rabbits (60 eyes) with steroid-induced glaucoma modeled by ocular instillations of dexamethasone.The animals were divided into 3 groups each consisting of 10 rabbits. The first group was the controls that were divided into two subgroups; they were instilled dexamethasone 0.1% two drops per day into the right eye (the left eye remained as control) for 20 days in subgroup 1, and for 30 days in subgroup 2.The animals in group 2 received Azarga, group 3 — Taflotan. Animals of group 2 and 3 were divided into three subgroups: in subgroup 1 the animals were instilled the studied drugs for 10 days, in subgroup 2 — for 20 days, in subgroup 3 — for 30 days.RESULTS. Both drugs reduced the intraocular pressure down to the reference range, i.e. 18–25 mm Hg. Animals that received instillations of Taflotan achieved the refe rence range values after 10 days, while the animals receiving Azarga — after 20 days.CONCLUSIONS. Under the conditions of steroidal ophthalmic hypertension, instillations of both Azarga and Taflotan yield satisfactory results in terms of IOP reduction. The use of Taflotan allowed achieving the reference range values after 10 days, Azarga — after 20 days. Taking into account the ease of administration of Taflotan, it can be recommended as the most convenient and effective drug in terms of reducing intraocular pressure.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-52-59
T. V. Sokolovskaya, V. N. Gutnik, Е. О. Krasnova
The prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations in COVID-19 ranges from 2 to 32%. The most common ophthalmic disease associated with COVID-19 is viral conjunctivitis, but there are also reports of cases with episcleritis, uveitis, occlusions of the central retinal artery and vein, retinopathy, glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, as well as rare neuroophthalmological manifestations such as diplopia, ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus. This study reports a case of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma attack in a patient recovered from severe COVID-19 pneumonia.PURPOSE. To determine the causes of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma attack associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of laser iridotomy and transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber of the eye.METHODS. Bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma attack was observed in a female patient recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. Low hypermetropia and co-existing cataract were diagnosed in both eyes. In order to normalize the IOP and restore visual acuity, laser iridotomy was performed in both eyes, followed by surgical treatment of glaucoma with transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber in both eyes. After that the patient underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) in both eyes.RESULTS. Laser iridotomy and transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber was performed in both eyes. The target IOP without topical therapy and stabilization of glaucoma were achieved in both eyes. The second step was phacoemulsification with implantation of IOL, which significantly improved visual acuity of both eyes.CONCLUSION. COVID-19 can lead to vision loss and disability, therefore IOP should be monitored in patients that remain in prone position for ventilation for extended periods of time and receive systemic steroid medications. This is especially relevant for patients with a predisposition to glaucoma or with diagnosed glaucoma.
{"title":"Acute glaucoma attack in a patient recovered from coronavirus infection (case report)","authors":"T. V. Sokolovskaya, V. N. Gutnik, Е. О. Krasnova","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-52-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-52-59","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations in COVID-19 ranges from 2 to 32%. The most common ophthalmic disease associated with COVID-19 is viral conjunctivitis, but there are also reports of cases with episcleritis, uveitis, occlusions of the central retinal artery and vein, retinopathy, glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, as well as rare neuroophthalmological manifestations such as diplopia, ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus. This study reports a case of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma attack in a patient recovered from severe COVID-19 pneumonia.PURPOSE. To determine the causes of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma attack associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of laser iridotomy and transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber of the eye.METHODS. Bilateral acute angle closure glaucoma attack was observed in a female patient recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. Low hypermetropia and co-existing cataract were diagnosed in both eyes. In order to normalize the IOP and restore visual acuity, laser iridotomy was performed in both eyes, followed by surgical treatment of glaucoma with transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber in both eyes. After that the patient underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) in both eyes.RESULTS. Laser iridotomy and transciliary drainage of the posterior chamber was performed in both eyes. The target IOP without topical therapy and stabilization of glaucoma were achieved in both eyes. The second step was phacoemulsification with implantation of IOL, which significantly improved visual acuity of both eyes.CONCLUSION. COVID-19 can lead to vision loss and disability, therefore IOP should be monitored in patients that remain in prone position for ventilation for extended periods of time and receive systemic steroid medications. This is especially relevant for patients with a predisposition to glaucoma or with diagnosed glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"66 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-80-88
A. A. Vitkov, A. Kuroyedov, A. S. Makarova, R. P. Poleva, D. A. Dorofeev, I. I. Asinovskova
Glaucoma surgery is the most effective way to achieve target levels of intraocular pressure. However, it has significant advantages and disadvantages. The main disadvantage is the temporary nature of its hypotensive effect. The onset of surgical failure can occur at various times after the intervention. A correct assessment of the operation timing and risk factors for excessive scarring, as well as correct perioperative therapy, can prolong the effectiveness of the surgery and reduce the number of repeat operations.With a wide choice of surgical treatment methods, trabeculectomy remains the most frequently performed intervention. Its effect is better understood and can be considered more controllable. If the surgical treatment of glaucoma is ineffective, it is possible to prescribe a "restart" therapy, activate previously formed outflow tracts, and perform a second intervention. The development of needling technology makes it possible to delay repeat interventions, prolonging the hypotensive effect of the initial operation.
{"title":"Repeat glaucoma surgery: modern view of the problem","authors":"A. A. Vitkov, A. Kuroyedov, A. S. Makarova, R. P. Poleva, D. A. Dorofeev, I. I. Asinovskova","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-80-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-80-88","url":null,"abstract":"Glaucoma surgery is the most effective way to achieve target levels of intraocular pressure. However, it has significant advantages and disadvantages. The main disadvantage is the temporary nature of its hypotensive effect. The onset of surgical failure can occur at various times after the intervention. A correct assessment of the operation timing and risk factors for excessive scarring, as well as correct perioperative therapy, can prolong the effectiveness of the surgery and reduce the number of repeat operations.With a wide choice of surgical treatment methods, trabeculectomy remains the most frequently performed intervention. Its effect is better understood and can be considered more controllable. If the surgical treatment of glaucoma is ineffective, it is possible to prescribe a \"restart\" therapy, activate previously formed outflow tracts, and perform a second intervention. The development of needling technology makes it possible to delay repeat interventions, prolonging the hypotensive effect of the initial operation.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"51 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138593264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-68-79
N. E. Fomin, A. Kuroyedov
Development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in older patients is associated with a high risk of its refractoriness, which contributes to the progression of the pathological process possibly leading to a severe disabling complication — blindness. Concomitant pathology also makes a significant contribution to the course of primary open-angle glaucoma and requires a careful approach to diagnosis and management. POAG is a multifactorial pathology, so the treatment plan should take into account both genetic predisposition and general somatic pathology, as well as the socio-economic background. Studying the interaction of these factors contributes to a better understanding of the causes and processes that result in the refractory form of POAG. Specifically, the most common pathologies of the cardiovascular system that affect the course of POAG are arterial hypertension (AH) or hypotension, coronary heart disease (CHD), dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE). In addition, the course of the disease is significantly affected by diabetes mellitus (DM), neurodegenerative pathologies, and smoking. These findings have been confirmed in a number of international multicenter studies. Certain social factors, however, are of particular importance due to mutually exclusive published findings. Notably, the socioeconomic status of patients (for example, the presence or absence of higher education) also plays an important role in the diagnosis and progression of the disease. Detailed consideration of these factors is extremely important for a better understanding of the disease and, consequently, the improvement of the quality of life of patients.
{"title":"Factors in the development of refractory primary open-angle glaucoma (part 2)","authors":"N. E. Fomin, A. Kuroyedov","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-68-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-68-79","url":null,"abstract":"Development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in older patients is associated with a high risk of its refractoriness, which contributes to the progression of the pathological process possibly leading to a severe disabling complication — blindness. Concomitant pathology also makes a significant contribution to the course of primary open-angle glaucoma and requires a careful approach to diagnosis and management. POAG is a multifactorial pathology, so the treatment plan should take into account both genetic predisposition and general somatic pathology, as well as the socio-economic background. Studying the interaction of these factors contributes to a better understanding of the causes and processes that result in the refractory form of POAG. Specifically, the most common pathologies of the cardiovascular system that affect the course of POAG are arterial hypertension (AH) or hypotension, coronary heart disease (CHD), dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE). In addition, the course of the disease is significantly affected by diabetes mellitus (DM), neurodegenerative pathologies, and smoking. These findings have been confirmed in a number of international multicenter studies. Certain social factors, however, are of particular importance due to mutually exclusive published findings. Notably, the socioeconomic status of patients (for example, the presence or absence of higher education) also plays an important role in the diagnosis and progression of the disease. Detailed consideration of these factors is extremely important for a better understanding of the disease and, consequently, the improvement of the quality of life of patients.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-27-32
A. D. Chuprov, E. A. Pidodniy, V. A. Trubnikov
PURPOSE. To study the factors affecting the results of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by different ocular tonometry methods.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 72 patients (128 eyes) aged 22 to 86 years. IOP was measured in all patients using Corvis ST tonometer, Topcon ST-800 pneumotonometer, iCare IC 100 portable tonometer, and Maklakov applanation tonometer. The results of IOP measurements were analyzed depending on the following factors: age, gender, presence of glaucoma or suspicion for glaucoma, presence of refractive errors, axial length of the eye, thickness of the cornea.RESULTS. The greatest difference in IOP values was observed between the Maklakov method (tonometric IOP) and iCare IC 100 device (true IOP). In some cases (9–22%), tonometric IOP obtained using the Maklakov method was equal or lower than the values obtained with other methods.Results of the correlation analysis confirmed the high correlation of the IOP values obtained with Topcon CT-800, iCare IC 100 and Corvis. On the other hand, IOP values obtained with the Maklakov method had lower correlation dependence with IOP values obtained using other tono metry methods. The strongest correlation of IOP and corneal thickness was observed when using Topcon CT-800. The IOP value obtained with the Maklakov method had the lowest correlation dependence with corneal thickness.CONCLUSION. The lowest correlation dependence of Mak lakov IOP measurements with IOP values obtained using Topcon CT-800, iCare IC 100 and Corvis indicates that the reliability of the Maklakov method significantly depends on the compliance with the examination technique.
目的。探讨不同眼压测量方法测量眼压结果的影响因素。材料和方法。该研究涉及72名患者(128只眼睛)，年龄在22岁至86岁之间。所有患者使用Corvis ST血压计、Topcon ST-800气压计、iCare IC 100便携式血压计和Maklakov眼压计测量眼压。IOP测量结果根据以下因素进行分析:年龄、性别、是否有青光眼或怀疑有青光眼、是否有屈光不正、眼轴长度、角膜厚度。在Maklakov法(眼压计)和iCare ic100装置(真眼压)之间观察到最大的眼压值差异。在某些情况下(9-22%)，使用Maklakov方法获得的眼压等于或低于其他方法获得的值。相关性分析结果证实Topcon CT-800、iCare ic100和Corvis的IOP值具有高度相关性。另一方面，使用Maklakov方法获得的IOP值与使用其他眼压测量方法获得的IOP值具有较低的相关依赖性。使用Topcon CT-800时，眼压与角膜厚度的相关性最强。Maklakov法测得的IOP值与角膜厚度的相关性最低。Maklakov IOP测量值与Topcon CT-800、iCare IC 100和Corvis获得的IOP值的相关性最低，表明Maklakov方法的可靠性很大程度上取决于对检查技术的依从性。
{"title":"Comparative analysis of Maklakov and automated ocular tonometry methods of intraocular pressure measurement","authors":"A. D. Chuprov, E. A. Pidodniy, V. A. Trubnikov","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-27-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-4-27-32","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. To study the factors affecting the results of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by different ocular tonometry methods.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 72 patients (128 eyes) aged 22 to 86 years. IOP was measured in all patients using Corvis ST tonometer, Topcon ST-800 pneumotonometer, iCare IC 100 portable tonometer, and Maklakov applanation tonometer. The results of IOP measurements were analyzed depending on the following factors: age, gender, presence of glaucoma or suspicion for glaucoma, presence of refractive errors, axial length of the eye, thickness of the cornea.RESULTS. The greatest difference in IOP values was observed between the Maklakov method (tonometric IOP) and iCare IC 100 device (true IOP). In some cases (9–22%), tonometric IOP obtained using the Maklakov method was equal or lower than the values obtained with other methods.Results of the correlation analysis confirmed the high correlation of the IOP values obtained with Topcon CT-800, iCare IC 100 and Corvis. On the other hand, IOP values obtained with the Maklakov method had lower correlation dependence with IOP values obtained using other tono metry methods. The strongest correlation of IOP and corneal thickness was observed when using Topcon CT-800. The IOP value obtained with the Maklakov method had the lowest correlation dependence with corneal thickness.CONCLUSION. The lowest correlation dependence of Mak lakov IOP measurements with IOP values obtained using Topcon CT-800, iCare IC 100 and Corvis indicates that the reliability of the Maklakov method significantly depends on the compliance with the examination technique.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"42 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-29-37
D. A. Dorofeev, V. E. Korelina, A. A. Vitkov, E. V. Kirilik, A. Kuroyedov, K. O. Lukyanova, A. A. Markelova, O. Pozdeeva, A. S. Khohlova
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly entering modern medical practice. Many routine clinical tasks, from imaging and automated diagnostics to robotic surgery, cannot be imagined without the use of AI. Neural networks show impressive results when analyzing a large amount of data obtained from standard automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus photography. Currently, both in Russia and abroad mathematical algorithms are being developed that allow detection of glaucoma based on certain signs. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of employing artificial intelligence in ophthalmological practice, discusses the need for careful selection of the criteria and their influence on the accuracy of calculators, considers the specifics of using mathematical analysis in suspected glaucoma, as well as in an already established diagnosis. The article also provides clinical examples of the use of glaucoma risk calculator in the routine practice of an ophthalmologist.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology. Do we need risk calculators for glaucoma development and progression?","authors":"D. A. Dorofeev, V. E. Korelina, A. A. Vitkov, E. V. Kirilik, A. Kuroyedov, K. O. Lukyanova, A. A. Markelova, O. Pozdeeva, A. S. Khohlova","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-29-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-29-37","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly entering modern medical practice. Many routine clinical tasks, from imaging and automated diagnostics to robotic surgery, cannot be imagined without the use of AI. Neural networks show impressive results when analyzing a large amount of data obtained from standard automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus photography. Currently, both in Russia and abroad mathematical algorithms are being developed that allow detection of glaucoma based on certain signs. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of employing artificial intelligence in ophthalmological practice, discusses the need for careful selection of the criteria and their influence on the accuracy of calculators, considers the specifics of using mathematical analysis in suspected glaucoma, as well as in an already established diagnosis. The article also provides clinical examples of the use of glaucoma risk calculator in the routine practice of an ophthalmologist.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122914468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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