Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-55-61
S. Avetisov, A. N. Volzhanin, I. Kozlova
Neuroprotection is a direction in therapy that prevents the loss of neurons due to external factors. In glaucoma, the use of both direct and indirect neuroprotection is pathogenetically justified, which, respectively, can have a direct protective effect on retinal ganglion cells, or affect various risk factors for the development of neuropathy. At present, Retinalamin — a complex of peptides isolated from cattle retinas — is used in ophthalmology for neuroprotective purposes. Although the clinical efficacy and safety of Retinalamin is well established, its exact mechanism of action remains unclear. To amend this, in vitro studies of its cytotoxicity and efficacy were carried out, as well as a comparison of its effectiveness in various ways of administration, and a retrospective analysis of its use.
{"title":"Neuroprotection in the complex treatment of primary glaucoma","authors":"S. Avetisov, A. N. Volzhanin, I. Kozlova","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-55-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-55-61","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroprotection is a direction in therapy that prevents the loss of neurons due to external factors. In glaucoma, the use of both direct and indirect neuroprotection is pathogenetically justified, which, respectively, can have a direct protective effect on retinal ganglion cells, or affect various risk factors for the development of neuropathy. At present, Retinalamin — a complex of peptides isolated from cattle retinas — is used in ophthalmology for neuroprotective purposes. Although the clinical efficacy and safety of Retinalamin is well established, its exact mechanism of action remains unclear. To amend this, in vitro studies of its cytotoxicity and efficacy were carried out, as well as a comparison of its effectiveness in various ways of administration, and a retrospective analysis of its use.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130619336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-62-70
Y. S. Andreeva, L. Alharki, A. V. Shelankova, M. Budzinskaya
PURPOSE. To identify the predictors of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) after intravitreal injection (IVI) of an antiVEGF drug using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to study changes in the iris-lens diaphragm produced by multiple injections in the treatment of neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).METHODS. IOP was measured with an ICare Pro tonometer before IVI, 1 minute after IVI, 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 180 minutes later. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and lens thickness were assessed using Revo NX tomograph (Optopol, Poland). The study was carried out before IVI, one month after the first IVI, one month after the third IVI, one year after the start of treatment. Axial length was measured once before IVI.RESULTS. An inverse correlation was found between axial length and an increase in IOP 1 min after IVI (r=0.65, p<0.001). According to AS-OCT data, one year after the start of treatment there was a significant decrease in ACD compared to the data before treatment (p><0.001), as well as a decrease in all parameters of ACA (p><0.05). Shorter axial length (R2 =0.45, p><0.05), shorter ACD (R2 =0.44, p><0.05), smaller ACA on the nasal (R2 =0.37, p><0.05) and temporal (R2 =0.39, p><0.05) sides in patients with their own lens led to a greater rise in IOP 1 min after IVI.CONCLUSION. Predictors of a sharp increase in IOP after IVI of an anti-VEGF drug in patients with nAMD that can be detected with AS-OCT are shorter ACD and smaller ACA. The following prognostic model was determined — with a 1-mm decrease in the axial length, an increase in IOP by 2.3 mm Hg should be expected, a decrease in ACA from the temporal side by 1° leads to an increase in IOP of 0.28 mm Hg>
目的。利用前段光学相干断层扫描(AS-OCT)确定玻璃体内注射抗vegf药物(IVI)后眼压(IOP)升高的预测因素，并研究多次注射治疗新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性(nAMD)时虹膜-晶状体隔膜的变化。IVI前、IVI后1分钟、IVI后30分钟、60分钟和180分钟后用ICare Pro眼压计测量IOP。使用Revo NX层析成像仪(Optopol，波兰)评估前房深度(ACD)、前房角度(ACA)和晶状体厚度。研究在IVI前、第一次IVI后一个月、第三次IVI后一个月、治疗开始一年后进行。静脉注射前测量轴向长度1次。轴向长度与IVI后1分钟IOP升高呈负相关(r=0.65, p
{"title":"The role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in the detection of predictors of ophthalmic hypertension associated with anti-VEGF injections","authors":"Y. S. Andreeva, L. Alharki, A. V. Shelankova, M. Budzinskaya","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-62-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-62-70","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. To identify the predictors of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) after intravitreal injection (IVI) of an antiVEGF drug using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to study changes in the iris-lens diaphragm produced by multiple injections in the treatment of neovascular form of age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).METHODS. IOP was measured with an ICare Pro tonometer before IVI, 1 minute after IVI, 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 180 minutes later. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and lens thickness were assessed using Revo NX tomograph (Optopol, Poland). The study was carried out before IVI, one month after the first IVI, one month after the third IVI, one year after the start of treatment. Axial length was measured once before IVI.RESULTS. An inverse correlation was found between axial length and an increase in IOP 1 min after IVI (r=0.65, p<0.001). According to AS-OCT data, one year after the start of treatment there was a significant decrease in ACD compared to the data before treatment (p><0.001), as well as a decrease in all parameters of ACA (p><0.05). Shorter axial length (R2 =0.45, p><0.05), shorter ACD (R2 =0.44, p><0.05), smaller ACA on the nasal (R2 =0.37, p><0.05) and temporal (R2 =0.39, p><0.05) sides in patients with their own lens led to a greater rise in IOP 1 min after IVI.CONCLUSION. Predictors of a sharp increase in IOP after IVI of an anti-VEGF drug in patients with nAMD that can be detected with AS-OCT are shorter ACD and smaller ACA. The following prognostic model was determined — with a 1-mm decrease in the axial length, an increase in IOP by 2.3 mm Hg should be expected, a decrease in ACA from the temporal side by 1° leads to an increase in IOP of 0.28 mm Hg>","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115633864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-23-27
Y. Yusef, E. E. Kazaryan, A. Rafaelyan
This article presents the preliminary results of a clinical trial of the Individual Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Norm Analyzer. The screening method for determination of individual norm of IOP proved the efficiency for early glaucoma diagnosis, as well as in the treatment and monitoring of the disease. Patients with IOP elevated for up to 15% relative to tolerant IOP were put into the group with low risk of disease development, with IOP elevation of 15 to 25% — the group with average risk, by more than 25% — the group with high risk of developing glaucoma. The Individual IOP Norm Analyzer is an effective device for dynamic monitoring, which in combination with other examination methods increases the capabilities of early diagnosis, monitoring of glaucoma with regard to individual parameters.
{"title":"New possibilities in determining the individual norm of intraocular pressure","authors":"Y. Yusef, E. E. Kazaryan, A. Rafaelyan","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-23-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-23-27","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the preliminary results of a clinical trial of the Individual Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Norm Analyzer. The screening method for determination of individual norm of IOP proved the efficiency for early glaucoma diagnosis, as well as in the treatment and monitoring of the disease. Patients with IOP elevated for up to 15% relative to tolerant IOP were put into the group with low risk of disease development, with IOP elevation of 15 to 25% — the group with average risk, by more than 25% — the group with high risk of developing glaucoma. The Individual IOP Norm Analyzer is an effective device for dynamic monitoring, which in combination with other examination methods increases the capabilities of early diagnosis, monitoring of glaucoma with regard to individual parameters.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122665319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-39-43
A. A. Vitkov, Kh. Hadiri, T. M. Aghajanyan, A. M. Akimov, I. I. Asinovskova, A. A. Komarov, E. D. Semenov
Purpose of this study — to compare the results of different tonometry methods before surgical treatment of glaucoma and in the early postoperative period.The study was conducted on a group of 50 patients (50 eyes) aged 55 to 80 years with uncompensated primary open-angle glaucoma, who were admitted to in-patient department for glaucoma surgery. Patients were examined using bidirectional applanation tonometry of the cornea performed on Ocular Response Analyzer, pneumotonometry on Canon TX-20P device, and with Icare tonometer. These studies were carried out on the day before the surgery, the next day, and 2 weeks after the operation.Significant differences in tonometry readings were revealed between all tested devices at high intraocular pressure (IOP) levels (before glaucoma surgery). Significant differences were also found in IOP values obtained with Icare tonometer in the central zone of the cornea and in the middle periphery in the nasal and temporal sectors. A significant difference between the indicators remained on the next day after surgery, except for the Icare readings. After two weeks, the tonometric parameters did not differ significantly from each other.Corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc) is the most important tonometric indicator in clinical practice because it takes into account the individual biomechanical characteristics of the patient’s cornea. When examining patients with glaucoma, the IOPcc indicator significantly differed in uncompensated IOP, which is important for determining the correct treatment tactics. When assessing the level of IOP after surgery this trend persisted, indicating a systematic underestimation of IOP level (overestimation of the effect of glaucoma surgery). The reliability of the study is confirmed by the results of measurements on unoperated fellow eyes (control).
{"title":"The choice of IOP measurement method for assessing the effectiveness of glaucoma surgery","authors":"A. A. Vitkov, Kh. Hadiri, T. M. Aghajanyan, A. M. Akimov, I. I. Asinovskova, A. A. Komarov, E. D. Semenov","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-39-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-39-43","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of this study — to compare the results of different tonometry methods before surgical treatment of glaucoma and in the early postoperative period.The study was conducted on a group of 50 patients (50 eyes) aged 55 to 80 years with uncompensated primary open-angle glaucoma, who were admitted to in-patient department for glaucoma surgery. Patients were examined using bidirectional applanation tonometry of the cornea performed on Ocular Response Analyzer, pneumotonometry on Canon TX-20P device, and with Icare tonometer. These studies were carried out on the day before the surgery, the next day, and 2 weeks after the operation.Significant differences in tonometry readings were revealed between all tested devices at high intraocular pressure (IOP) levels (before glaucoma surgery). Significant differences were also found in IOP values obtained with Icare tonometer in the central zone of the cornea and in the middle periphery in the nasal and temporal sectors. A significant difference between the indicators remained on the next day after surgery, except for the Icare readings. After two weeks, the tonometric parameters did not differ significantly from each other.Corneal compensated IOP (IOPcc) is the most important tonometric indicator in clinical practice because it takes into account the individual biomechanical characteristics of the patient’s cornea. When examining patients with glaucoma, the IOPcc indicator significantly differed in uncompensated IOP, which is important for determining the correct treatment tactics. When assessing the level of IOP after surgery this trend persisted, indicating a systematic underestimation of IOP level (overestimation of the effect of glaucoma surgery). The reliability of the study is confirmed by the results of measurements on unoperated fellow eyes (control).","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115099111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-44-54
I. A. Bulakh, P. C. Zavadski, S. Lanin, O. Zvereva, A. A. Vitkov, O. V. Gaponko, V. V. Gorodnichii, S. V. Diordiichuk, D. A. Dorofeev, A. Kuroyedov, A. V. Seleznev, N. E. Fomin, E. L. Shalygina
PURPOSE. To identify clinical and epidemiological features of the course of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients with a verified family history of the disease.METHODS. The study protocol included data from 103 people (103 eyes), among them 37 (35.9%) men and 66 (64.1%) women. Group 1 (44 people, 44 eyes) included patients with sporadic glaucoma. Group 2 consisted of patients with a hereditary form of the disease (41 people, 41 eyes). Healthy individuals (18 people, 18 eyes) comprised the control group. Mean age of all patients at the time of final examination was 60.6 (56.0; 66.3) years. In all cases, the diagnosis was established in accordance with the system of differential diagnosis of diseases. Examination was always carried out in person and included routine and specialized study methods (static automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography, examination of the thickness of the cornea in the central optical zone).RESULTS. The mean age of patients with a family history at the time of POAG diagnosis was 59.8 (53.9; 63.1) years, in patients with sporadic glaucoma — 63.85 (58.5; 67.9) years. Therefore, POAG in the group with a family history was diagnosed 4.05 years earlier. No significant differences in the structural and functional characteristics of the visual analyzer were established. A greater number of patients with the sporadic form of the disease undergo glaucoma surgery (47.7% and 34.1%, respectively) in comparable disease duration.CONCLUSION. In people with a family history of glaucoma, preventive screening should be carried out at an earlier age than the average in the population.
{"title":"Clinical features of the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma in patients with a burdened family history","authors":"I. A. Bulakh, P. C. Zavadski, S. Lanin, O. Zvereva, A. A. Vitkov, O. V. Gaponko, V. V. Gorodnichii, S. V. Diordiichuk, D. A. Dorofeev, A. Kuroyedov, A. V. Seleznev, N. E. Fomin, E. L. Shalygina","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-44-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-44-54","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. To identify clinical and epidemiological features of the course of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients with a verified family history of the disease.METHODS. The study protocol included data from 103 people (103 eyes), among them 37 (35.9%) men and 66 (64.1%) women. Group 1 (44 people, 44 eyes) included patients with sporadic glaucoma. Group 2 consisted of patients with a hereditary form of the disease (41 people, 41 eyes). Healthy individuals (18 people, 18 eyes) comprised the control group. Mean age of all patients at the time of final examination was 60.6 (56.0; 66.3) years. In all cases, the diagnosis was established in accordance with the system of differential diagnosis of diseases. Examination was always carried out in person and included routine and specialized study methods (static automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography, examination of the thickness of the cornea in the central optical zone).RESULTS. The mean age of patients with a family history at the time of POAG diagnosis was 59.8 (53.9; 63.1) years, in patients with sporadic glaucoma — 63.85 (58.5; 67.9) years. Therefore, POAG in the group with a family history was diagnosed 4.05 years earlier. No significant differences in the structural and functional characteristics of the visual analyzer were established. A greater number of patients with the sporadic form of the disease undergo glaucoma surgery (47.7% and 34.1%, respectively) in comparable disease duration.CONCLUSION. In people with a family history of glaucoma, preventive screening should be carried out at an earlier age than the average in the population.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123160167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-3-10
A. S. Makarova, A. Fedorov, I. V. Kozlova, S. A. Ovsepyan
The characteristic features of the wound process in the ocular tissues and the effects of drugs that directly affect the formation of connective tissue in the area of intervention are important for understanding and evaluating the prognosis of glaucoma surgery. This experimental study consisted of imitating a glaucoma surgery and evaluating the therapeutic effect of drugs affecting the reparative processes. When assessing the degree of hyperemia in the area of formed filtration blebs as the main prognostic sign of excessive scarring in the postoperative period, its maximum severity was noted with a low tendency to decrease throughout almost the entire follow-up period in the group with the introduction of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Morphologically, as the inflammatory process subsided, an increase in the density of fibroblasts was detected in the surgery site, indicating a presence of an active proliferative process. The least amount of local tissue reaction to surgical trauma was noted in the group with 5-FU drug injected in the filtering bleb area in the postoperative period: the absence of inflammatory cells in the stroma, expansion of episcleral vessels and low density of connective tissue cells in the area of surgically formed intraocular fluid outflow pathways. The obtained experimental data indicates a decrease in the activity of scarring processes in the glaucoma surgery site and, consequently, a favorable prognosis of its longterm effectiveness.
{"title":"Features of the reparative process after glaucoma surgery (an experimental study)","authors":"A. S. Makarova, A. Fedorov, I. V. Kozlova, S. A. Ovsepyan","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-3-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-3-10","url":null,"abstract":"The characteristic features of the wound process in the ocular tissues and the effects of drugs that directly affect the formation of connective tissue in the area of intervention are important for understanding and evaluating the prognosis of glaucoma surgery. This experimental study consisted of imitating a glaucoma surgery and evaluating the therapeutic effect of drugs affecting the reparative processes. When assessing the degree of hyperemia in the area of formed filtration blebs as the main prognostic sign of excessive scarring in the postoperative period, its maximum severity was noted with a low tendency to decrease throughout almost the entire follow-up period in the group with the introduction of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Morphologically, as the inflammatory process subsided, an increase in the density of fibroblasts was detected in the surgery site, indicating a presence of an active proliferative process. The least amount of local tissue reaction to surgical trauma was noted in the group with 5-FU drug injected in the filtering bleb area in the postoperative period: the absence of inflammatory cells in the stroma, expansion of episcleral vessels and low density of connective tissue cells in the area of surgically formed intraocular fluid outflow pathways. The obtained experimental data indicates a decrease in the activity of scarring processes in the glaucoma surgery site and, consequently, a favorable prognosis of its longterm effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125966012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-11-16
Y. Yusef, A. A. Antonov, N. Shkolyarenko, S. N. Yusef
One of the relevant tasks in glaucoma treatment is development of a drainage implant (microstent) and a technique for its implantation during minimally invasive surgery with the aim of forming a channel for aqueous humor outflow to maintain patients’ intraocular pressure level within the tolerable range.We proposed a novel microstent for minimally invasive glaucoma surgery consisting of a drainage tube in the form of a self-expanding frame with dimensions significantly lower than similar devices used in clinical practice. The purpose of this work was to study the safety of the microstent made of nitinol when implanted in the eyes of experimental animals.The study included 10 grey Chinchilla rabbits divided into two groups. The drainage implant was installed into one eye of an animal, while its second eye was used as control for evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of the microstent. The difference between the groups was conjunctival access; in the second group implantation was done through punctures, moving the knife towards the limbus area.No inflammatory reactions were observed in cases with implantation of the stent under the conjunctiva and the limbal area. Biomicroscopy showed no differences between animal eyes. No local irritation was found according to morphological criteria.Microstenting is a promising glaucoma treatment approach, and the present study shows prospects for its continued development and modification of the drainage implant and its delivery system.
{"title":"Experimental study of a drainage made of nitinol","authors":"Y. Yusef, A. A. Antonov, N. Shkolyarenko, S. N. Yusef","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-11-16","url":null,"abstract":"One of the relevant tasks in glaucoma treatment is development of a drainage implant (microstent) and a technique for its implantation during minimally invasive surgery with the aim of forming a channel for aqueous humor outflow to maintain patients’ intraocular pressure level within the tolerable range.We proposed a novel microstent for minimally invasive glaucoma surgery consisting of a drainage tube in the form of a self-expanding frame with dimensions significantly lower than similar devices used in clinical practice. The purpose of this work was to study the safety of the microstent made of nitinol when implanted in the eyes of experimental animals.The study included 10 grey Chinchilla rabbits divided into two groups. The drainage implant was installed into one eye of an animal, while its second eye was used as control for evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of the microstent. The difference between the groups was conjunctival access; in the second group implantation was done through punctures, moving the knife towards the limbus area.No inflammatory reactions were observed in cases with implantation of the stent under the conjunctiva and the limbal area. Biomicroscopy showed no differences between animal eyes. No local irritation was found according to morphological criteria.Microstenting is a promising glaucoma treatment approach, and the present study shows prospects for its continued development and modification of the drainage implant and its delivery system.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121626655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-17-22
A. A. Antonov
Based on the presumption that the average values of ocular rigidity determined ex vivo are sufficient for clinical evaluation of intraocular pressure (IOP), calibration of the Maklakov tonometer is done without taking into due account the biomechanical properties of the tunics of the eye, which can affect the results of IOP measurements. Corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc) allows evaluating patients' individual structural features of the fibrous tunic of the eye, and according to literature sources, for glaucoma it is a parameter with higher diagnostic value. Comparison of Maklakov tonometer readings and IOPcc from the same patients can improve our understanding of the diagnostic value of tonometry. This article aims to determine based on sufficient clinical data the ranges of corneal-compensated IOP corresponding to applanation tonometry readings performed with a 10-g Maklakov tonometer, and to reveal the dependency between the tip diameter and the IOP with consideration of the variability of biomechanical properties of the fibrous tunic in the population. The comparison study analyzed the readings of 10-g Maklakov tonometer and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure in 14 440 eyes of 7 220 patients (mean age 60.1±10.8 years old) with primary open-angle glaucoma and suspected glaucoma. For analysis, IOPcc values of 6 to 35 were included, with a prerequisite of corneal thickness/ hysteresis data being of high quality. The tip diameter was measured with a Vernier caliper within the accuracy of 0.1 mm according to the instructions from the tonometer manual. It was established that with equal tip diameter the readings of applanation tonometry can still vary significantly, which is associated with population variability in the structure of the fibrous tunic of the eye. A measuring scale was derived consisting of a computation chart with markings denoting the borders of confidence intervals for IOPcc values for 10-g Maklakov tonometer. Mean IOPcc is connected to the applanation tip diameter and the cornea by the following equation: IOP=4.14×D2 -62.4×D+248, which can be used for calibrating Maklakov tonometer in the lower and upper ranges of IOP values. The results of 10-g Maklakov tonometry can be presented as a range of IOP values, which with a certain probability includes the individual IOP level of the patient.
基于体外测定的眼刚度平均值足以用于临床评估眼内压(IOP)的假设，Maklakov眼压计的校准没有适当考虑眼膜的生物力学特性，这可能会影响IOP测量结果。角膜代偿IOP (corneal - compensal IOP, IOPcc)可以评估患者眼纤维被膜的个体结构特征，据文献报道，对于青光眼来说，IOPcc是一个具有较高诊断价值的参数。比较同一患者的Maklakov血压计读数和IOPcc，可以提高我们对血压计诊断价值的认识。本文旨在根据足够的临床数据，确定10g Maklakov眼压计所测眼压值对应的角膜补偿IOP范围，并在考虑到人群中纤维束膜生物力学特性的可变性的情况下，揭示眼尖直径与IOP之间的相关性。对比分析7 220例(平均年龄60.1±10.8岁)原发性开角型青光眼和疑似青光眼的14 440只眼的10 g Maklakov眼压和角膜代偿眼压。为了进行分析，在角膜厚度/迟滞数据质量高的前提下，纳入了IOPcc值6 ~ 35。根据眼压计手册的说明，用游标卡尺测量尖端直径，精度在0.1毫米以内。结果表明，在针尖直径相等的情况下，压扁眼压计的读数仍然会有显著的变化，这与眼球纤维束结构的种群变异有关。由计算图和标记表示10 g Maklakov眼压计IOPcc值置信区间边界的计算图组成了一个测量尺度。平均眼压比与压平尖端直径和角膜的关系为:IOP=4.14×D2 -62.4×D+248，可用于标定Maklakov眼压计的IOP值上下范围。10g Maklakov眼压计的结果可以表现为一个IOP值的范围，这个范围有一定的概率包含了患者的个体IOP水平。
{"title":"Modern approaches to interpretation of Maklakov tonometry results","authors":"A. A. Antonov","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-17-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-2-17-22","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the presumption that the average values of ocular rigidity determined ex vivo are sufficient for clinical evaluation of intraocular pressure (IOP), calibration of the Maklakov tonometer is done without taking into due account the biomechanical properties of the tunics of the eye, which can affect the results of IOP measurements. Corneal-compensated IOP (IOPcc) allows evaluating patients' individual structural features of the fibrous tunic of the eye, and according to literature sources, for glaucoma it is a parameter with higher diagnostic value. Comparison of Maklakov tonometer readings and IOPcc from the same patients can improve our understanding of the diagnostic value of tonometry. This article aims to determine based on sufficient clinical data the ranges of corneal-compensated IOP corresponding to applanation tonometry readings performed with a 10-g Maklakov tonometer, and to reveal the dependency between the tip diameter and the IOP with consideration of the variability of biomechanical properties of the fibrous tunic in the population. The comparison study analyzed the readings of 10-g Maklakov tonometer and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure in 14 440 eyes of 7 220 patients (mean age 60.1±10.8 years old) with primary open-angle glaucoma and suspected glaucoma. For analysis, IOPcc values of 6 to 35 were included, with a prerequisite of corneal thickness/ hysteresis data being of high quality. The tip diameter was measured with a Vernier caliper within the accuracy of 0.1 mm according to the instructions from the tonometer manual. It was established that with equal tip diameter the readings of applanation tonometry can still vary significantly, which is associated with population variability in the structure of the fibrous tunic of the eye. A measuring scale was derived consisting of a computation chart with markings denoting the borders of confidence intervals for IOPcc values for 10-g Maklakov tonometer. Mean IOPcc is connected to the applanation tip diameter and the cornea by the following equation: IOP=4.14×D2 -62.4×D+248, which can be used for calibrating Maklakov tonometer in the lower and upper ranges of IOP values. The results of 10-g Maklakov tonometry can be presented as a range of IOP values, which with a certain probability includes the individual IOP level of the patient.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129906739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-1-115-128
D. A. Dorofeev, S. Y. Kazanova, A. Movsisyan, R. P. Poleva
Early diagnosis of glaucoma and objective analysis of data obtained from instrumental study methods is one of the most important problems in ophthalmology. Modern state of technological development allows implementing artificial intelligence and neural networks in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. Special software helps perform perimetry using portable devices, which reduces the workload for medical facilities and lowers the costs of the procedure. Mathematical models allow evaluating the risk of glaucoma progression based on instrumental findings. Artificial intelligence allows assessing the results of Goldman and Maklakov tonometry and determining the state of disease progression by analyzing a series of 2D and 3D data (scan images of optic nerve head, static perimetry etc.) separately, as well as in complex analysis of data from various devices.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence and neural networks in the diagnosis of glaucoma","authors":"D. A. Dorofeev, S. Y. Kazanova, A. Movsisyan, R. P. Poleva","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-1-115-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-1-115-128","url":null,"abstract":"Early diagnosis of glaucoma and objective analysis of data obtained from instrumental study methods is one of the most important problems in ophthalmology. Modern state of technological development allows implementing artificial intelligence and neural networks in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. Special software helps perform perimetry using portable devices, which reduces the workload for medical facilities and lowers the costs of the procedure. Mathematical models allow evaluating the risk of glaucoma progression based on instrumental findings. Artificial intelligence allows assessing the results of Goldman and Maklakov tonometry and determining the state of disease progression by analyzing a series of 2D and 3D data (scan images of optic nerve head, static perimetry etc.) separately, as well as in complex analysis of data from various devices.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126752263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-23DOI: 10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-1-85-91
A. V. Sidorova, A. V. Starostina, K. Burlakov, E. A. Kokaeva, I. Buldakov
PURPOSE. To evaluate the effect of swtiching patients requiring a fixed combination of hypotensive eye drops from brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% Azarga (Alcon Laboratories Inc, USA) to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% Brinarga (Sentiss Pharma, India), as well as to study the potential impact on tolerability and compliance, and compare the therapeutic effect of these two combinations.METHODS. Patients were switched from brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination eye drops Azarga to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination eye drops Brinarga. In addition to the conventional instrumental examination methods, a questionnaire was used to identify potential side effects.RESULTS. Thirty-six patients (14 men and 22 women aged 41–89 years) were interviewed and examined in control appointments. A comparison of the severity and persistence of side effects of two types of fixed combination eye drops showed that brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Brinarga) and brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Azarga) can be considered as safe and effective conservative methods of glaucoma treatment.CONCLUSION. The fixed combination of brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Brinarga) is comparable to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Azarga) in terms of the IOP reduction effectiveness. No pronounced adverse reactions were detected, which was comparable to the status before the change of therapy. Thus, the combination of brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Brinarga) can be considered as an effective and safe treatment option for glaucoma patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of 1% brinzolamide and 0.5% timolol fixed combination in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma","authors":"A. V. Sidorova, A. V. Starostina, K. Burlakov, E. A. Kokaeva, I. Buldakov","doi":"10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-1-85-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53432/2078-4104-2023-22-1-85-91","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. To evaluate the effect of swtiching patients requiring a fixed combination of hypotensive eye drops from brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% Azarga (Alcon Laboratories Inc, USA) to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% Brinarga (Sentiss Pharma, India), as well as to study the potential impact on tolerability and compliance, and compare the therapeutic effect of these two combinations.METHODS. Patients were switched from brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination eye drops Azarga to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination eye drops Brinarga. In addition to the conventional instrumental examination methods, a questionnaire was used to identify potential side effects.RESULTS. Thirty-six patients (14 men and 22 women aged 41–89 years) were interviewed and examined in control appointments. A comparison of the severity and persistence of side effects of two types of fixed combination eye drops showed that brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Brinarga) and brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Azarga) can be considered as safe and effective conservative methods of glaucoma treatment.CONCLUSION. The fixed combination of brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Brinarga) is comparable to brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Azarga) in terms of the IOP reduction effectiveness. No pronounced adverse reactions were detected, which was comparable to the status before the change of therapy. Thus, the combination of brinzolamide 1%/timolol 0.5% (Brinarga) can be considered as an effective and safe treatment option for glaucoma patients.","PeriodicalId":129515,"journal":{"name":"National Journal glaucoma","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133986075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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