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2016 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis)最新文献

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Visualization of origin-destination matrices using a connection barchart and coordinated maps 使用连接条形图和协调图的始发-目的地矩阵的可视化
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465268
Juan C. Ibarra, John A. Triana, J. T. Hernández
The origin-destination matrix is an useful tool for traffic and transport analysis. This kind of matrices are increasing in volume and complexity due to the availability of new technologies to gather new information. In this project we present a novel way of representing origin-destination matrices using a connection barchart and two coordinated maps. The main goal is to use the connection Barchart as the center of the interactive visualization providing an overview of the dataset. Through interaction, the information about specific origin-destination nodes in the origin-destination matrix is shown in both the connection barchart and the coordinated maps, giving the user information about origin, destination, direction, and volume of flow. Additionally, an evaluation with users was conducted to test the usefulness and usability of the interactive visualization using real data for the RBT system in Bogota, Colombia.
起点-终点矩阵是交通运输分析的一个有用工具。由于收集新信息的新技术的可用性,这类矩阵的体积和复杂性正在增加。在这个项目中,我们提出了一种使用连接条形图和两个协调映射来表示起点-目的地矩阵的新方法。主要目标是使用连接Barchart作为交互式可视化的中心,提供数据集的概览。通过交互,将原点-目的地矩阵中特定原点-目的地节点的信息显示在连接条形图和协调图中,为用户提供原点、目的地、方向、流量等信息。此外,对哥伦比亚波哥大RBT系统的实际数据与用户进行了评估,以测试交互式可视化的有用性和可用性。
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引用次数: 2
Mathematical foundations of arc length-based aspect ratio selection 弧长纵横比选择的数学基础
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465245
Fubo Han, Yunhai Wang, Jian Zhang, O. Deussen, Baoquan Chen
The aspect ratio of a plot can strongly influence the perception of trends in the data. Arc length based aspect ratio selection (AL) has demonstrated many empirical advantages over previous methods. However, it is still not clear why and when this method works. In this paper, we attempt to unravel its mystery by exploring its mathematical foundation. First, we explain the rationale why this method is parameterization invariant and follow the same rationale to extend previous methods which are not parameterization invariant. As such, we propose maximizing weighted local curvature (MLC), a parameterization invariant form of local orientation resolution (LOR) and reveal the theoretical connection between average slope (AS) and resultant vector (RV). Furthermore, we establish a mathematical connection between AL and banking to 45 degrees and derive the upper and lower bounds of its average absolute slopes. Finally, we conduct a quantitative comparison that revises the understanding of aspect ratio selection methods in three aspects: (1) showing that AL, AWO and RV always perform very similarly while MS is not; (2) demonstrating the advantages in the robustness of RV over AL; (3) providing a counterexample where all previous methods produce poor results while MLC works well.
图的纵横比可以强烈地影响对数据趋势的感知。基于弧长的纵横比选择(AL)与以往的方法相比显示出许多经验优势。然而,目前还不清楚为什么以及何时这种方法起作用。本文试图通过探究其数学基础来揭开其神秘面纱。首先,我们解释了为什么该方法是参数化不变的基本原理,并遵循相同的基本原理来扩展以前的非参数化不变的方法。因此,我们提出了最大化加权局部曲率(MLC),这是局部定向分辨率(LOR)的一种参数化不变形式,并揭示了平均斜率(As)和合成向量(RV)之间的理论联系。此外,我们建立了人工智能与45度倾斜度之间的数学联系,并推导了其平均绝对斜率的上界和下界。最后,我们进行了定量比较,从三个方面修正了对纵横比选择方法的理解:(1)表明AL、AWO和RV的表现总是非常相似,而MS则不是;(2)证明了RV相对于AL的鲁棒性优势;(3)提供一个反例,其中所有先前的方法产生较差的结果,而MLC工作良好。
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引用次数: 4
Efficient unsteady flow visualization with high-order access dependencies 具有高阶访问依赖关系的高效非定常流场可视化
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465254
Jiang Zhang, Hanqi Guo, Xiaoru Yuan
We present a novel high-order access dependencies-based model for efficient pathline computation in unsteady flow visualization. By taking longer access sequences into account to model more sophisticated data access patterns in particle tracing, our method greatly improves the accuracy and reliability in data access prediction. In our work, high-order access dependencies are calculated by tracing uniformly seeded pathlines in both forward and backward directions in a preprocessing stage. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through a parallel particle tracing framework with high-order data prefetching. Results show that our method achieves higher data locality and hence improves the efficiency of pathline computation.
提出了一种新的基于高阶访问依赖的非定常流场可视化路径计算模型。通过在粒子跟踪中考虑更长的访问序列来建模更复杂的数据访问模式,我们的方法大大提高了数据访问预测的准确性和可靠性。在我们的工作中,高阶访问依赖关系是通过在预处理阶段向前和向后跟踪均匀播种路径来计算的。通过一个具有高阶数据预取的并行粒子跟踪框架证明了我们方法的有效性。结果表明,该方法实现了较高的数据局部性,从而提高了路径计算的效率。
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引用次数: 17
Screen-space silhouettes for visualizing ensembles of 3D isosurfaces 用于可视化3D等值面的集合的屏幕空间轮廓
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465271
I. Demir, J. Kehrer, R. Westermann
Visualizing sets of isosurfaces from 3D scalar ensemble fields is a difficult task due to inherent occlusion effects, yet it is often required to analyze the uncertainty represented by such an ensemble. In this paper, we present a novel visualization technique for ensembles of isosurfaces based on screen-space silhouettes. By using silhouettes, the displayed information is reduced to avoid occlusions, yet the major shape of the surfaces can be maintained. Our approach preserves spatial coherence and does not make any assumption about the underlying surface distribution. By providing additional mechanisms, i.e., picking, clustering, cutting and animation, we enable the user to explore an ensemble of surfaces interactively.
由于固有的遮挡效应,从三维标量系综场中可视化等值面的集合是一项困难的任务,但通常需要分析这种系综所代表的不确定性。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的基于屏幕空间轮廓的等值面集合的可视化技术。通过使用轮廓,可以减少显示信息以避免遮挡,但可以保持表面的主要形状。我们的方法保持了空间一致性,并且没有对下垫面分布做出任何假设。通过提供额外的机制,即采摘,聚类,切割和动画,我们使用户能够交互式地探索表面的集合。
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引用次数: 23
A visual analytics approach to high-dimensional logistic regression modeling and its application to an environmental health study 高维逻辑回归模型的可视化分析方法及其在环境健康研究中的应用
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465261
Chong Zhang, J. Yang, F. Zhan, Xi Gong, J. Brender, P. Langlois, S. Barlowe, Ye Zhao
In the domain of epidemiology, logistic regression modeling is widely used to explain the relationships among explanatory variables and dichotomous outcome variables. However, logistic regression modeling faces challenges such as overfitting, confounding, and multicollinearity when there is a large number of explanatory variables. For example, in the birth defect study presented in this paper, variable selection for building high quality models to identify risk factors from hundreds of pollutant variables is difficult. To address this problem, we propose a novel visual analytics approach to logistic regression modeling for high-dimensional datasets. It leverages the traditional modeling pipeline by providing (1) intuitive visualizations for inspecting statistical indicators and the relationships among the variables and (2) a seamless, effective dimension reduction pipeline for selecting variables for inclusion in high quality logistic regression models. A fully working prototype of this approach has been developed and successfully applied to the birth defect study, which illustrates its effectiveness and efficiency. Its application in an insurance policy study and feedback from domain experts further demonstrate its usefulness.
在流行病学领域,逻辑回归模型被广泛用于解释变量和二分类结果变量之间的关系。然而,当存在大量的解释变量时,逻辑回归建模面临着过拟合、混淆和多重共线性等挑战。例如,在本文提出的出生缺陷研究中,很难从数百个污染物变量中选择变量来建立高质量的模型以识别危险因素。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种新的可视化分析方法来对高维数据集进行逻辑回归建模。它利用传统的建模管道,提供(1)直观的可视化来检查统计指标和变量之间的关系;(2)无缝、有效的降维管道来选择变量,以纳入高质量的逻辑回归模型。该方法已成功地应用于出生缺陷的研究,证明了该方法的有效性和高效性。在保险政策研究中的应用和领域专家的反馈进一步证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 17
Effects of curves on graph perception 曲线对图形感知的影响
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465270
Weidong Huang, P. Eades, Seok-Hee Hong, H. Duh
Curves have long been used for graph visualization with increased popularity in recent years. Curves are mainly used for two purposes: one is to increase readability and the other is to enhance visual aesthetic pleasingness. Although curves can be visually pleasing, the introduction of curves in graph drawing does not increase readability automatically. Attempts have been made to investigate the usability of curved drawings. However, the results on the effect of curves per se on human graph comprehension has not been conclusive. This paper presents a user study that is to examine the effect of curves when they are introduced to remove crossings. Twenty-six participants were recruited to perform typical graph reading tasks. Task performance and user preference data were collected for analysis. The results indicate that curves can be a useful alternative when crossings are to be present in straight-line drawings. The findings of the study are also discussed along with some of our future research activities in this paper.
曲线长期以来一直用于图形可视化,近年来越来越流行。曲线的使用主要有两个目的:一是增加可读性,二是增强视觉上的审美愉悦。虽然曲线可以在视觉上令人愉悦,但在图形绘制中引入曲线并不会自动增加可读性。人们试图研究曲线绘图的可用性。然而,关于曲线本身对人类图形理解的影响的结果还没有定论。本文提出了一项用户研究,该研究是为了检查引入曲线以消除交叉时的效果。26名参与者被招募来执行典型的图表阅读任务。收集任务表现和用户偏好数据进行分析。结果表明,曲线可以是一个有用的替代,当交叉点是目前的直线图纸。本文还讨论了研究结果以及我们未来的一些研究活动。
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引用次数: 9
Multilayer graph edge bundling 多层图边缘捆绑
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465267
Romain Bourqui, D. Ienco, A. Sallaberry, P. Poncelet
Many real world information can be represented by a graph with a set of nodes interconnected with each other by multiple type of relations called edge layers (e.g., social network, biological data). Edge bundling techniques have been proposed to solve cluttering issue for standard graphs while few efforts were done to deal with the similar issue for multilayer graphs. In multilayer graphs scenario, not only the clutter induced by large amount of edges is a problem but also the fact that different type of edges can overlap each other making useless the final visualization. In this paper we introduce a new multilayer graph edge bundling technique that firstly produces a preliminary edge bundling independently of the different edge layers and then deals with the specificity of multilayer graphs where more than one type of edges can be routed on the same bundle. The proposed visualization is tested on a real world case study and the outcomes point out the ability of our proposal to discover patterns present in the data.
许多现实世界的信息可以用一个图来表示,其中一组节点通过称为边缘层的多种类型的关系相互连接(例如,社会网络,生物数据)。为了解决标准图的杂化问题,人们提出了边缘捆绑技术,但对于多层图的杂化问题,研究较少。在多层图的场景中,大量的边会引起混乱,而且不同类型的边可能会相互重叠,从而导致最终的可视化无效。本文介绍了一种新的多层图边缘捆绑技术,该技术首先独立于不同的边缘层产生一个初步的边缘捆绑,然后处理多层图在同一束上可以路由多种边的特殊性。建议的可视化在一个真实的案例研究中进行了测试,结果表明我们的建议有能力发现数据中存在的模式。
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引用次数: 17
Accelerated visualization of transparent molecular surfaces in molecular dynamics 分子动力学中透明分子表面的加速可视化
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465258
Adam Jurcík, J. Parulek, Jirí Sochor, B. Kozlíková
The reactivity of the biomolecular structures is highly influenced by their structural features. Thus, studying these features along with the exploration of their dynamic behavior helps to understand the processes ongoing in living cells. This can be reached by the visual representation of these processes as visualization is one of the most natural ways to convey such information. However, none of the currently available techniques provides the biochemists with an intuitive real-time representation of the dynamic movements of molecules and precise geometrical based extraction of their structural features performed instantly. In this paper we introduce such a technique enabling the user to compute and also to visualize the molecular surface along with inner voids. To obtain a better insight into the molecule, our technique enables to visualize the molecular surface transparently. The opacity can be adjusted by changing user-defined parameters in order to enhance the perception of the surfaces of inner voids. All integrated algorithms run in real-time which gives the user a big variety of exploration possibilities. The importance of our approach is even amplified with respect to the fact that currently the size of molecular dynamics simulations is increasing dramatically and offline rendering thus becomes impracticable. The usability of our technique was evaluated by the domain experts.
生物分子结构的反应性很大程度上受其结构特征的影响。因此,研究这些特征以及探索它们的动态行为有助于理解活细胞中正在进行的过程。这可以通过这些过程的可视化表示来实现,因为可视化是传达这些信息的最自然的方法之一。然而,目前没有一种可用的技术为生物化学家提供直观的分子动态运动的实时表示和精确的基于几何的结构特征提取。在本文中,我们介绍了这样一种技术,使用户能够计算和可视化分子表面以及内部空隙。为了更好地了解分子,我们的技术可以使分子表面透明地可视化。不透明度可以通过改变用户定义的参数来调整,以增强对内部空隙表面的感知。所有集成算法实时运行,为用户提供了多种探索可能性。考虑到目前分子动力学模拟的规模正在急剧增加,因此离线渲染变得不切实际,我们的方法的重要性甚至被放大了。领域专家对我们的技术的可用性进行了评估。
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引用次数: 16
MovementSlicer: Better Gantt charts for visualizing behaviors and meetings in movement data MovementSlicer:更好的甘特图,用于在移动数据中可视化行为和会议
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465265
Shrey Gupta, Maxime Dumas, Michael J. McGuffin, T. Kapler
Movement data collected through GPS or other technologies is increasingly common, but is difficult to visualize due to overplotting and occlusion of movements when displayed on 2D maps. An additional challenge is the extraction of useful higher-level information (such as meetings) derived from the raw movement data. We present a design study of MovementSlicer, a tool for visualizing the places visited, and behaviors of, individual actors, and also the meetings between multiple actors. We first present a taxonomy of visualizations of movement data, and then consider tasks to support when analyzing movement data and especially meetings of multiple actors. We argue that Gantt charts have many advantages for understanding the movements and meetings of small groups of moving entities, and present the design of a Gantt chart that can nest people within locations or locations within people along the vertical axis, and show time along the horizontal axis. The rows of our Gantt chart are sorted by activity level and can be filtered using a weighted adjacency matrix showing meetings between people. Empty time intervals in the Gantt chart can be automatically folded, with smoothly animated transitions, yielding a multi-focal view. Case studies demonstrate the utility of our prototype.
通过GPS或其他技术收集的运动数据越来越普遍,但在2D地图上显示时,由于运动的过度绘图和遮挡,很难可视化。另一个挑战是从原始移动数据中提取有用的高级信息(如会议)。我们展示了MovementSlicer的设计研究,这是一个可视化的工具,可以显示单个参与者的访问地点和行为,也可以显示多个参与者之间的会议。我们首先提出了运动数据可视化的分类,然后考虑在分析运动数据时要支持的任务,特别是多参与者的会议。我们认为甘特图在理解移动实体的小群体的运动和会议方面具有许多优势,并提出了甘特图的设计,该甘特图可以沿垂直轴在位置内嵌套人或在人中的位置,并沿水平轴显示时间。甘特图的行按活动级别排序,可以使用显示人们之间会议的加权邻接矩阵进行过滤。甘特图中的空白时间间隔可以自动折叠,具有平滑的动画过渡,产生多焦点视图。案例研究展示了我们的原型的实用性。
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引用次数: 16
Visualizing the variations of ensemble of isosurfaces 可视化等面集合的变化
Pub Date : 2016-04-19 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465272
Subhashis Hazarika, Soumya Dutta, Han-Wei Shen
Visualizing the similarities and differences among an ensemble of isosurfaces is a challenging problem mainly because the isosurfaces cannot be displayed together at the same time. For ensemble of isosurfaces, visualizing these spatial differences among the surfaces is essential to get useful insights as to how the individual ensemble simulations affect different isosurfaces. We propose a scheme to visualize the spatial variations of isosurfaces with respect to statistically significant isosurfaces within the ensemble. Understanding such variations among ensemble of isosurfaces at different spatial regions is helpful in analyzing the influence of different ensemble runs over the spatial domain. In this regard, we propose an isosurface-entropy based clustering scheme to divide the spatial domain into regions of high and low isosurface variation. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method by successfully applying it on real-world ensemble data sets from ocean simulation experiments and weather forecasts.
可视化一组等值面之间的异同是一个具有挑战性的问题,主要是因为等值面不能同时显示在一起。对于等面的集合,可视化这些表面之间的空间差异对于获得关于单个集合模拟如何影响不同等面的有用见解至关重要。我们提出了一种方案,以可视化的空间变化的等值面相对于统计显著等面在集合。了解不同空间区域等面系综之间的这种变化,有助于分析不同系综运行对空间域的影响。为此,我们提出了一种基于等面熵的聚类方案,将空间域划分为高等面和低等面变化区域。我们通过成功地将该方法应用于来自海洋模拟实验和天气预报的真实集合数据集,证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 13
期刊
2016 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis)
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