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Disability and Self: Critical Factors in Positive Adjustment After the Onset of Disability in Emerging Adulthood 残疾与自我:初成年期残疾发生后积极适应的关键因素
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11209
Natalie Christensen
Resiliency, self-efficacy, and social support are key factors influencing adjustment following the onset of chronic disability. The presence or absence of these factors influences the affected person’s perceptions of self, perceptions by others, and overall life satisfaction and confidence in their ability to achieve goals. This article assesses data collected from an open-ended interview with a single participant, D, organized by thematic analysis. It finds that D's resiliency, self-efficacy, and social support system significantly influenced her mindset and attitude toward life after being diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The author explores how these factors were influenced by the micro-, meso-, and macro-contexts in which D existed, focusing particularly on the context of her relationships with others. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research.
心理弹性、自我效能和社会支持是影响慢性残疾发病后适应的关键因素。这些因素的存在与否会影响受影响的人对自我的看法,他人的看法,以及总体生活满意度和对实现目标能力的信心。本文评估的数据收集自一个开放式访谈与单一参与者,D,组织专题分析。研究发现,D在被诊断为多发性硬化症(Multiple Sclerosis, MS)后,其弹性、自我效能和社会支持系统显著影响了她的心态和生活态度。作者探讨了这些因素是如何受到D所处的微观、中观和宏观环境的影响的,特别关注了她与他人的关系。文章最后对未来的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT-E) as an Intervention for BIPOC Adolescent Girls with Eating Disorders 强化认知行为疗法(CBT-E)作为BIPOC青春期女孩饮食失调的干预
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11207
Yinan Chen, Lily Gabay, Catherine Stampfli
Eating disorders (ED) have some of the highest mortality rates of any mental health condition due to medical complications and high rates of suicidality. Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) adolescent girls and women are at especially high risk for developing EDs, which can have numerous negative mental and physical health consequences. Enhanced Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT-E) is a transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral treatment for EDs that, although originally designed to work with adults, has been shown to be effective with adolescents. Despite CBT-E’s proven efficacy across age populations, there is limited research on its effectiveness with BIPOC individuals. We argue that with culturally informed, competent, and sensitive clinicians, CBT-E can be used to treat underdiagnosed and undertreated BIPOC adolescent girls, whose EDs have been unjustly overlooked.
由于医疗并发症和高自杀率,饮食失调(ED)是所有精神健康状况中死亡率最高的。黑人、土著和有色人种(BIPOC)青少年女孩和妇女患ed的风险特别高,这可能会对心理和身体健康造成许多负面影响。增强认知行为疗法(CBT-E)是一种针对ed的跨诊断认知行为治疗方法,虽然最初设计用于成人,但已被证明对青少年有效。尽管CBT-E在年龄人群中被证明有效,但对BIPOC个体的有效性研究有限。我们认为,有了文化知识、能力和敏感的临床医生,CBT-E可以用于治疗诊断不足和治疗不足的BIPOC青春期女孩,她们的ed被不公正地忽视了。
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引用次数: 0
Where Were the Social Workers? A Historical Overview of the Social Work Profession’s Complicity in the Family Policing System 社工在哪里?社会工作专业在家庭警务系统中的共犯的历史概述
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11210
Jasmine Wali
In recent years, segments of the social work profession have highlighted the ways that social workers are complicit with carceral systems, including the foster care system. Following the advocacy of impacted families and communities, social workers have increasingly called for re-examination of standard social work practices such as mandated reporting. This paper seeks to strengthen historical understanding of the social work profession’s complicity in the creation of the modern family policing system, commonly known as the child welfare system. In particular, this paper explores the impacts of the anti-communist movements on social work advocacy and practice during crucial periods of racial and economic reckoning, with an emphasis on the profession’s complicity with the 1960s-era criminalization of the Black family structure.
近年来,部分社会工作专业人士强调了社会工作者与包括寄养系统在内的收容系统的共谋方式。随着受影响家庭和社区的倡导,社会工作者越来越多地呼吁重新审查标准的社会工作实践,如强制性报告。本文旨在加强对社会工作专业在创建现代家庭警察系统(通常称为儿童福利系统)中的共谋的历史理解。特别是,本文探讨了在种族和经济清算的关键时期,反共运动对社会工作倡导和实践的影响,重点是该职业与20世纪60年代黑人家庭结构的刑事定罪的共谋。
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引用次数: 0
Choosing a Frame: How Medusa Tells the Story of Trauma and Life After Trauma 选择一个框架:美杜莎如何讲述创伤和创伤后生活的故事
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11208
Ezra Yurman-Whyde
This paper names the elements of the Medusa myth that make it an uncanny allegory for trauma and examines the role of choice—both having choice and offering choice—in the treatment of trauma. It considers two perspectives on the myth: (1) Medusa as a captive object to the hero in the myth and (2) Medusa as an autobiographer, the narrator of her own story, and a subject working to establish more control over her own experience. This myth translates to the social work space. When a clinical social worker acts as the listener/observer and a patient as narrator/autobiographer, the social worker is uniquely positioned to support the patient in reclaiming life after trauma.
本文列举了美杜莎神话中使其成为创伤寓言的要素,并探讨了选择——拥有选择和提供选择——在创伤治疗中的作用。它从两个角度考虑了这个神话:(1)美杜莎是神话中英雄的俘虏对象;(2)美杜莎是一个自传作者,她自己的故事的叙述者,一个努力建立对自己经历的更多控制的主体。这个神话也适用于社会工作空间。当临床社工扮演倾听者/观察者的角色,而患者扮演叙述者/自传作者的角色时,社工就处于独特的位置,可以帮助患者在创伤后恢复生活。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Exclusion, Gender Oppression, and How Social Workers can Advocate for Digital Feminism in China 数字排斥、性别压迫,以及社会工作者如何在中国倡导数字女权主义
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11205
Chenxi Yang
For the past decade, the pace of China’s digital and technological development has been rapidly increasing. While this growth creates economic opportunities, it has negative impacts for Chinese women who are marginalized at the intersections of gender, class, and geographic location. This paper adopts an intersectional feminist lens to examine how Chinese women experience digital exclusion and gender oppression in the digital era. To do so, it discusses (1) existing technologies that reflect and perpetuate gender stereotypes through gendered technology design, (2) digital spaces and media censorship that disenfranchise women, and (3) AI surveillance and unfair labor practices that oppress women.This paper calls for social work practices in digital feminism at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels, specifically in promoting gender equality in training and design, leading feminist initiatives, and promoting digital accessibility and data protection.
在过去的十年里,中国的数字和技术发展速度一直在迅速加快。虽然这种增长创造了经济机会,但也对中国女性产生了负面影响,她们在性别、阶级和地理位置的交叉点上被边缘化。本文以交叉性女权主义视角审视中国女性在数字时代遭遇的数字排斥和性别压迫。为此,它讨论了(1)通过性别化技术设计反映和延续性别刻板印象的现有技术,(2)剥夺妇女权利的数字空间和媒体审查,以及(3)压迫妇女的人工智能监控和不公平的劳动实践。本文呼吁在微观、中观和宏观层面开展数字女权主义的社会工作实践,特别是在培训和设计中促进性别平等,领导女权主义倡议,促进数字可及性和数据保护。
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引用次数: 0
"Small Victories of Survival in a Deeply Homophobic World": Current Realities and Paths Forward for Substance Use in the LGBTQIA+ Community “在深深憎恶同性恋的世界中生存的小胜利”:LGBTQIA+社区物质使用的当前现实和前进道路
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11206
Kate Orchard
According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, members of the LGBTQIA+ community are disproportionately impacted by problematic substance use (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2020). Despite this well-documented reality, there is still limited funding and access to substance use treatment for queer and trans people. This exploratory paper surveys the literature on the prevalence of substance use in the LGBTQIA+ community in the United States (US), highlighting the historical and cultural realities leading to this trend within the context of the minority stress model. The article then outlines a path forward, suggesting the best treatment models for social workers in the field. Suggestions include integrated healthcare, trauma-informed, LGBTQIA+-specific treatment models, cognitive behavioral therapy focusing on co-occurring Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder, harm reduction, and crisis intervention outside of policing.
根据国家药物滥用研究所的数据,LGBTQIA+社区的成员受到问题药物使用的影响不成比例(国家药物滥用研究所,2020年)。尽管这一事实有据可查,但酷儿和变性人获得药物滥用治疗的资金和途径仍然有限。这篇探索性的论文调查了美国LGBTQIA+社区中物质使用流行的文献,强调了在少数民族压力模型的背景下导致这一趋势的历史和文化现实。然后,文章概述了前进的道路,为该领域的社会工作者提出了最佳的治疗模式。建议包括综合医疗保健、创伤知情、LGBTQIA+特异性治疗模式、关注同时发生的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和物质使用障碍的认知行为治疗、减少伤害以及警务以外的危机干预。
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引用次数: 0
New York's Directive for Mental Health Involuntary Removals: The Intersectional Risk for Unhoused New Yorkers with a Serious Mental Illness 纽约精神健康指令非自愿搬迁:患有严重精神疾病的无家可归的纽约人的交叉风险
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v21i1.11201
Lanya Snyder
Behavioral health care, more commonly known as psychiatric care, has been a longstanding and complex issue, especially for marginalized New Yorkers. Healthcare policy addressing and caring for people diagnosed with a serious mental illness is fundamental to basic human rights; at the same time, it is a nuanced matter. Policies surrounding economic issues of poverty and housing instability are inextricably linked to social issues of mental and physical healthcare. Healthcare policy and the experience of homelessness are closely linked for two reasons: first, the high cost of healthcare contributes to poverty for many Americans; and second, the poor and the aging are the most likely to suffer from illness and high medical expenses (Martin, 2015). This paper will consider the intersectional risk for unhoused New York City residents with a serious mental illness in light of Mayor Eric Adams’ recent directive for Mental Health Involuntary Removals. This new directive enables authorities to forcibly transport unhoused New Yorkers to hospitals to remove them from public areas. Although the current mayoral administration frames this as a moral obligation to act on behalf of New Yorkers with a serious mental illness, it is far from an effort to ensure that everyone has housing and receives basic healthcare. Adams’ misguided policy is a veiled attempt to make the city appear safer while doing little to assist those who are suffering and fails to address interventions for the real issue at hand: housing.
行为健康护理,更常被称为精神科护理,一直是一个长期而复杂的问题,尤其是对边缘化的纽约人来说。处理和照顾被诊断患有严重精神疾病的人的保健政策对基本人权至关重要;与此同时,这也是一个微妙的问题。围绕贫穷和住房不稳定等经济问题的政策与身心保健等社会问题有着密不可分的联系。医疗政策和无家可归的经历密切相关,原因有二:首先,高昂的医疗费用导致许多美国人陷入贫困;其次,穷人和老年人最有可能遭受疾病和高昂的医疗费用(Martin, 2015)。本文将根据市长埃里克·亚当斯最近关于精神健康非自愿搬迁的指示,考虑患有严重精神疾病的无家可归的纽约市居民的交叉风险。这项新指令允许当局强行将无家可归的纽约人送往医院,将他们从公共场所转移出去。尽管现任市长将其定义为代表患有严重精神疾病的纽约人采取行动的道德义务,但这远远不是确保每个人都有住房和获得基本医疗保健的努力。亚当斯被误导的政策是一种隐蔽的尝试,试图使城市看起来更安全,而对那些受苦的人却没有什么帮助,也没有解决手头的真正问题:住房。
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引用次数: 0
Resist, Regulate, Reimagine, and Reinforce: How Social Workers can Advocate for Digital Inclusion 抵制、规范、重新构想和加强:社会工作者如何倡导数字包容
Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v20i1.9643
Sarah Dillard
Algorithms have become more complex, creating artificial intelligence (AI) with the hope it will match human decision making. They are now being used behind-the-scenes in areas such as healthcare, housing and employment, and criminal justice. These computer formulas were created by a privileged set of individuals who often prioritized profitand growth over privacy and protection. This has led to gross injustices that have prevented marginalized communities from receiving care, finding jobs, or gaining freedom. Social workers must be able to digitally advocate for their clients. Resisting these technologies, regulating them through legislation, reimagining the role one can play, and reinforcing what is already experienced in day-to-day interactions with AI are all ways social workers can be involved in creating a world that is digitally inclusive.
算法变得越来越复杂,创造了人工智能(AI),希望它能与人类的决策相匹配。它们现在被用于医疗保健、住房和就业以及刑事司法等领域的幕后。这些计算机公式是由一群享有特权的人创造的,他们往往把利润和增长置于隐私和保护之上。这导致了严重的不公正,使边缘化社区无法获得护理、找到工作或获得自由。社会工作者必须能够以数字方式为他们的客户辩护。抵制这些技术,通过立法对其进行监管,重新设想人们可以扮演的角色,并加强与人工智能的日常互动中已经体验到的东西,这些都是社会工作者可以参与创造一个数字包容性世界的方式。
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引用次数: 1
From Foster Care to the Streets: A Call to Support Black, Indigenous, and LGBTQ+ Youth in Foster Care 从寄养到街头:呼吁支持寄养中的黑人、原住民和LGBTQ+青年
Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v20i1.9641
Lee Ann Genussa
The modern United States (U.S.) foster care system’s history is steeped in racism, violence, and oppression. Today, Black, Indigenous, and LGBTQ+ youth are overrepresented in the U.S. foster care system and have fallen victim to its oppressive practices. For many marginalized youths, running away from foster care is perceived to be a more viable option than continuing to endure discrimination within the system despite the high risks of homelessness, unstable housing, human trafficking, sexual exploitation, and other dangers associated with elopement. For the purposes of this article the term elopement will be used to refer to runaway behavior. This article seeks to illustrate how the oppressive legacy of the foster care system preserves the status quo by disintegrating and retraumatizing Black, Indigenous, and LGBTQ+ communities. The author explores the impacts of foster care on the micro and meso levels, critiques current policy practices, and offers alternative perspectives for social workers to create a more just and genuine child welfare system. Keywords: foster care, child welfare, elopement, racism, Black youth, Indigenous youth, LGBTQ+ youth
现代美国寄养制度的历史充满了种族主义、暴力和压迫。今天,黑人、土著和LGBTQ+青年在美国寄养系统中比例过高,成为其压迫性做法的受害者。对于许多被边缘化的青年来说,尽管无家可归、住房不稳定、人口贩运、性剥削和其他与私奔相关的危险很高,但与继续忍受体制内的歧视相比,逃离寄养被认为是一个更可行的选择。为了本文的目的,“私奔”一词将用于指逃跑行为。本文试图说明寄养制度的压迫性遗产是如何通过分裂和重新创伤黑人,土著和LGBTQ+社区来维持现状的。作者探讨了寄养在微观和中观层面的影响,批评了当前的政策实践,并为社会工作者创造一个更公正、更真实的儿童福利制度提供了另一种视角。关键词:寄养,儿童福利,私奔,种族主义,黑人青年,土著青年,LGBTQ+青年
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引用次数: 0
Improving Communication Among Providers Serving D/deaf Populations in Mental Health Settings 改善精神卫生机构中聋人服务提供者之间的沟通
Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.52214/cswr.v20i1.9642
Imonie Gwaltney
Mental health is as critically important as physical health. The status of one’s mental health can be greatly impacted by environmental, social, psychological factors, and traumatic experiences that interfere with daily living. Deaf populations who utilize American Sign Language (ASL) for daily communication face a unique set of obstacles to accessing quality mental health care, and the lack of access to effective counseling due to linguistic barriers can contribute to the deterioration of mental health symptoms. This paper will guide non-D/deaf mental health clinicians to become more familiar with deaf culture and will underscore the potential of language accommodation to relieve burdens felt by deaf individuals. Disclaimer: “Deaf” will be used interchangeably with “deaf” to demonstrate inclusivity with the multiplicity of deaf identity; the D iscapitalized to show affiliation to a cultural community and hard-of- hearing people who primarily use ASL for communication.
心理健康和身体健康一样至关重要。一个人的心理健康状况会受到干扰日常生活的环境、社会、心理因素和创伤经历的极大影响。使用美国手语(ASL)进行日常交流的聋人群体在获得高质量的精神卫生保健方面面临着一系列独特的障碍,由于语言障碍而缺乏获得有效咨询的机会可能会导致精神健康症状的恶化。本文将引导非聋人心理健康临床医生更加熟悉聋人文化,并强调语言适应在减轻聋人负担方面的潜力。声明:“聋人”将与“聋人”互换使用,以展示对聋人身份多样性的包容性;字母D大写是为了表明与一个主要使用美国手语进行交流的文化团体和重听人士的关系。
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引用次数: 0
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Columbia Social Work Review
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