首页 > 最新文献

IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)最新文献

英文 中文
Managing Change and Innovation 管理变革和创新
Pub Date : 2019-04-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3371800
T. Puhan
Digitalization, global competition and an increased velocity of life and business do not allow companies today to sit back for a while and harvest the fruit of their leading market position. Continuous or sometimes even revolutionary change and innovation are needed to stay in the game. This paper addresses the topic of managing innovation using evidence from the academic literature and occasional evidence from field research with a sample of companies from different sectors, with different sizes and locations. In particular, the study focuses on the backbone of all change and innovation processes: the organizational structure and working culture. What changes are necessary in an organization to enhance the innovation potential and allow a company to navigate through the quickly evolving market environment? What are key aspects regarding the working culture that seem to be a crucial for successful transformation and innovation processes? The key insights are: 1) Organizational structures evolve from silos to client/business line centric units, combined with communities; 2) organizational culture is one of the largest endogenous drivers of innovation management; 3) internal incubators and external innovation hubs jointly contribute to the innovation process; 4) employees become intrapreneurs; 5) a key aspect of the cultural and organizational transformation is leadership involvement and role modeling, and 6) approaches such as design thinking, lean startup, and the striving for a maximization of organizational agility disrupt the traditional work environment.
数字化、全球竞争以及生活和商业速度的加快,都不允许今天的公司坐享其成,享受其领先市场地位的果实。持续的,有时甚至是革命性的变化和创新需要留在游戏中。本文利用来自学术文献的证据和来自不同行业、不同规模和不同地点的公司样本的实地研究的偶尔证据来解决管理创新的主题。该研究特别关注所有变革和创新过程的支柱:组织结构和工作文化。一个组织需要什么样的变革来增强创新潜力,让公司在快速变化的市场环境中游弋?对于成功转型和创新过程至关重要的工作文化的关键方面是什么?关键的见解是:1)组织结构从筒仓演变为以客户/业务线为中心的单位,并结合社区;2)组织文化是创新管理的最大内生驱动力之一;3)内部孵化器与外部创新中心共同推动创新进程;4)员工成为内部创业者;5)文化和组织转型的一个关键方面是领导参与和角色建模,6)设计思维、精益创业和努力实现组织敏捷性最大化等方法破坏了传统的工作环境。
{"title":"Managing Change and Innovation","authors":"T. Puhan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3371800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3371800","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization, global competition and an increased velocity of life and business do not allow companies today to sit back for a while and harvest the fruit of their leading market position. Continuous or sometimes even revolutionary change and innovation are needed to stay in the game. This paper addresses the topic of managing innovation using evidence from the academic literature and occasional evidence from field research with a sample of companies from different sectors, with different sizes and locations. In particular, the study focuses on the backbone of all change and innovation processes: the organizational structure and working culture. What changes are necessary in an organization to enhance the innovation potential and allow a company to navigate through the quickly evolving market environment? What are key aspects regarding the working culture that seem to be a crucial for successful transformation and innovation processes? The key insights are: 1) Organizational structures evolve from silos to client/business line centric units, combined with communities; 2) organizational culture is one of the largest endogenous drivers of innovation management; 3) internal incubators and external innovation hubs jointly contribute to the innovation process; 4) employees become intrapreneurs; 5) a key aspect of the cultural and organizational transformation is leadership involvement and role modeling, and 6) approaches such as design thinking, lean startup, and the striving for a maximization of organizational agility disrupt the traditional work environment.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131559468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurial Co‐Creation: Societal Impact Through Open Innovation 企业家共同创造:开放式创新的社会影响
Pub Date : 2019-02-11 DOI: 10.1111/radm.12362
M. De Silva, M. Wright
New open innovation initiatives such as accelerators, living labs, social innovation labs and open labs, involve for-profit and not-for-profit actors working closely together to co-create both business value and societal impacts. However, there is a lack of theoretical underpinning to understand how and why co-creation by actors generate different types of social value in the concurrent pursuit of business and social value. Adopting an inductive case study approach, we find that different types of entrepreneurs who co-exploit co-identified opportunities for co-creation, enables them to generate potentially competing social and business values. We develop four propositions relating to how and why profit orientation and key resource contributions of entrepreneurs co-identifying an opportunity to co-create decide the nature of social value generated. We discuss avenues for future research and practical implications, underlying the importance of developing entrepreneurialism as ways to generate different social impacts through open innovation approaches such as co-creation.
新的开放创新计划,如加速器、生活实验室、社会创新实验室和开放实验室,涉及营利性和非营利性参与者密切合作,共同创造商业价值和社会影响。然而,缺乏理论基础来理解行为者在共同追求商业和社会价值的过程中如何以及为什么产生不同类型的社会价值。采用归纳案例研究方法,我们发现不同类型的企业家共同利用共同识别的共同创造机会,使他们能够产生潜在的竞争社会和商业价值。我们提出了四个命题,涉及企业家共同识别共同创造机会的利润取向和关键资源贡献如何以及为什么决定所产生的社会价值的性质。我们讨论了未来研究的途径和实际意义,以及通过共同创造等开放式创新方式产生不同社会影响的创业精神的重要性。
{"title":"Entrepreneurial Co‐Creation: Societal Impact Through Open Innovation","authors":"M. De Silva, M. Wright","doi":"10.1111/radm.12362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12362","url":null,"abstract":"New open innovation initiatives such as accelerators, living labs, social innovation labs and open labs, involve for-profit and not-for-profit actors working closely together to co-create both business value and societal impacts. However, there is a lack of theoretical underpinning to understand how and why co-creation by actors generate different types of social value in the concurrent pursuit of business and social value. Adopting an inductive case study approach, we find that different types of entrepreneurs who co-exploit co-identified opportunities for co-creation, enables them to generate potentially competing social and business values. We develop four propositions relating to how and why profit orientation and key resource contributions of entrepreneurs co-identifying an opportunity to co-create decide the nature of social value generated. We discuss avenues for future research and practical implications, underlying the importance of developing entrepreneurialism as ways to generate different social impacts through open innovation approaches such as co-creation.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122444991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 57
Options for Sustainable Development: Green Economy and Relative Economics 可持续发展的选择:绿色经济和相关经济学
Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3315462
T. Jain, Er. Nirupa Jain
Damage to environment due to over-exploitation of resources has led to devastations and threat to our own existence. Climate Change will create biggest threats to mankind. This paper explores possible options. The authors discuss the concept of green economy and how it can be implemented. The concept of relative economics is also discussed.
过度开发资源对环境造成的破坏已经对我们的生存造成了破坏和威胁。气候变化是人类面临的最大威胁。本文探讨了可能的选择。作者讨论了绿色经济的概念及其实施方法。本文还讨论了相对经济学的概念。
{"title":"Options for Sustainable Development: Green Economy and Relative Economics","authors":"T. Jain, Er. Nirupa Jain","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3315462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3315462","url":null,"abstract":"Damage to environment due to over-exploitation of resources has led to devastations and threat to our own existence. Climate Change will create biggest threats to mankind. This paper explores possible options. The authors discuss the concept of green economy and how it can be implemented. The concept of relative economics is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126083864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Blockchain Ecosystem 区块链生态系统
Pub Date : 2018-11-08 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3281020
S. Hammer
The dynamics of blockchain, its ongoing development, and its systemic vulnerabilities are rooted in its ecosystem – the community of producers, suppliers, customers, stakeholders, and competitors. This paper provides a high-level description of the framework of the blockchain ecosystem, beginning with blockchain development, and drilling down to a level of detail about blockchain use cases and stakeholders. To provide strategic perspective, this description takes place at the highest possible level, bearing in mind, of course, that many smaller ecosystems comprise blockchain. In order to elucidate the components of the blockchain ecosystem, this paper provides examples of companies currently operating in each area. However, this paper does not endorse or criticize any particular business, practice, or model. Notably, however, blockchain companies do not always easily fit into one area of the ecosystem – they may operate in more than one area, evolve in capabilities and transition between areas over time, or even cease to exist. This illustrative map can serve many purposes. Using this map, policymakers can obtain insight into how they can incentivize a strong blockchain ecosystem with reduced vulnerabilities. Traditional companies can use this map to gain insight into how the blockchain ecosystem will come to interact with the ecosystem of their own traditional businesses. Investors and business analysts can use this map to gain insight into which companies will hold the leadership roles in the blockchain ecosystem over time. And of course, entrepreneurs can identify potentially profitable opportunities to participate in and enhance the blockchain ecosystem. Importantly, the blockchain ecosystem is a "living" map, exhibiting constant change, and it will therefore require updating on a regular, real-time basis. What is provided in this paper, then, is simply a snapshot in time of the blockchain ecosystem as it currently exists. The intention is to continue to study the ever-evolving blockchain ecosystem, obtain insight, and subsequently improve and refine the map.
区块链的动态、持续发展及其系统性漏洞都植根于其生态系统——生产者、供应商、客户、利益相关者和竞争对手的社区。本文提供了区块链生态系统框架的高级描述,从区块链开发开始,深入到区块链用例和利益相关者的详细信息。为了提供战略视角,这种描述发生在尽可能高的层面上,当然要记住,许多较小的生态系统都包含区块链。为了阐明区块链生态系统的组成部分,本文提供了目前在每个领域运营的公司的示例。然而,本文并不认可或批评任何特定的业务、实践或模型。然而,值得注意的是,区块链公司并不总是容易适应生态系统的一个领域——它们可能在多个领域开展业务,随着时间的推移,在能力上不断发展,在不同领域之间过渡,甚至不复存在。这张说明性地图有许多用途。利用这张地图,政策制定者可以深入了解如何激励一个强大的区块链生态系统,减少漏洞。传统公司可以使用这张地图来深入了解区块链生态系统将如何与他们自己的传统业务生态系统互动。投资者和商业分析师可以使用这张地图来深入了解哪些公司将随着时间的推移在区块链生态系统中占据领导地位。当然,企业家可以识别潜在的有利可图的机会来参与和增强区块链生态系统。重要的是,区块链生态系统是一个“活的”地图,呈现出不断的变化,因此需要定期实时更新。因此,本文所提供的只是区块链生态系统目前存在的一个快照。其目的是继续研究不断发展的区块链生态系统,获得洞察力,并随后改进和完善地图。
{"title":"The Blockchain Ecosystem","authors":"S. Hammer","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3281020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3281020","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of blockchain, its ongoing development, and its systemic vulnerabilities are rooted in its ecosystem – the community of producers, suppliers, customers, stakeholders, and competitors. This paper provides a high-level description of the framework of the blockchain ecosystem, beginning with blockchain development, and drilling down to a level of detail about blockchain use cases and stakeholders. To provide strategic perspective, this description takes place at the highest possible level, bearing in mind, of course, that many smaller ecosystems comprise blockchain. In order to elucidate the components of the blockchain ecosystem, this paper provides examples of companies currently operating in each area. However, this paper does not endorse or criticize any particular business, practice, or model. Notably, however, blockchain companies do not always easily fit into one area of the ecosystem – they may operate in more than one area, evolve in capabilities and transition between areas over time, or even cease to exist. This illustrative map can serve many purposes. Using this map, policymakers can obtain insight into how they can incentivize a strong blockchain ecosystem with reduced vulnerabilities. Traditional companies can use this map to gain insight into how the blockchain ecosystem will come to interact with the ecosystem of their own traditional businesses. Investors and business analysts can use this map to gain insight into which companies will hold the leadership roles in the blockchain ecosystem over time. And of course, entrepreneurs can identify potentially profitable opportunities to participate in and enhance the blockchain ecosystem. Importantly, the blockchain ecosystem is a \"living\" map, exhibiting constant change, and it will therefore require updating on a regular, real-time basis. What is provided in this paper, then, is simply a snapshot in time of the blockchain ecosystem as it currently exists. The intention is to continue to study the ever-evolving blockchain ecosystem, obtain insight, and subsequently improve and refine the map.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121779893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
What Happens After a Crowdfunding Campaign? 众筹活动结束后会发生什么?
Pub Date : 2018-07-30 DOI: 10.4337/9781788117210.00015
T. Vanacker, S. Vismara, Xavier Walthoff‐Borm
In this chapter, we review the literature that investigates firms or projects after they have successfully raised funds (or failed to raise funds) on crowdfunding platforms. For this purpose, we first focus on firm outcomes, including firm failure, follow-on fundraising, and firm performance. When governments embrace crowdfunding this is primarily because policymakers expect that crowdfunding will allow firms with innovative ideas to form, grow, and flourish. Second, we focus on the promises made by entrepreneurs to the crowd, such as the delivery of rewards or the provision of returns. When the general public and investors embrace crowdfunding this is primarily because they expect that crowdfunding will provide them with non-financial and/or financial benefits. Finally, we provide a roadmap for scholars by providing an overview of important topics that warrant more attention in future research.
在本章中,我们回顾了在众筹平台上成功筹集资金(或未能筹集资金)的公司或项目的调查文献。为此,我们首先关注企业成果,包括企业失败、后续融资和企业绩效。当政府接受众筹时,这主要是因为政策制定者期望众筹能让有创新想法的公司形成、成长和繁荣。第二,我们关注企业家对大众的承诺,比如给予奖励或者提供回报。当公众和投资者接受众筹时,这主要是因为他们期望众筹能够为他们提供非金融和/或经济利益。最后,我们通过概述未来研究中值得更多关注的重要主题,为学者提供了路线图。
{"title":"What Happens After a Crowdfunding Campaign?","authors":"T. Vanacker, S. Vismara, Xavier Walthoff‐Borm","doi":"10.4337/9781788117210.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788117210.00015","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we review the literature that investigates firms or projects after they have successfully raised funds (or failed to raise funds) on crowdfunding platforms. For this purpose, we first focus on firm outcomes, including firm failure, follow-on fundraising, and firm performance. When governments embrace crowdfunding this is primarily because policymakers expect that crowdfunding will allow firms with innovative ideas to form, grow, and flourish. Second, we focus on the promises made by entrepreneurs to the crowd, such as the delivery of rewards or the provision of returns. When the general public and investors embrace crowdfunding this is primarily because they expect that crowdfunding will provide them with non-financial and/or financial benefits. Finally, we provide a roadmap for scholars by providing an overview of important topics that warrant more attention in future research.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127410847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Does More Certification Always Benefit a Venture? 更多的认证总是有利于企业吗?
Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.1287/orsc.2018.1211
Lauren Lanahan, D. Armanios
An implicit assumption in institutional theory is that more certifications improve a venture’s likelihood for success. However, under certain conditions, we argue more certifications may be detrimental to the venture’s performance. We advance this notion by examining both who is doing the certification and, in turn, what information is revealed to others through the certification. Our study advances two new constructs based on varying instances of follow-on certification: certification broadening, where the initial and follow-on certifiers are different institutions, and certification redundancy, where the initial and follow-on certifiers are the same institution. By studying sequences of certification in the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research federal and state programs, we find that certification broadening generally increases a firm’s ability to acquire private resources, whereas certification redundancy generally decreases a firm’s ability to acquire private resources. This study advances a more d...
制度理论中的一个隐含假设是,更多的认证可以提高企业成功的可能性。然而,在某些条件下,我们认为更多的认证可能不利于合资企业的绩效。我们通过检查谁在进行认证以及通过认证向其他人透露了哪些信息来推进这一概念。我们的研究基于后续认证的不同实例提出了两种新的结构:认证拓宽,其中初始认证机构和后续认证机构是不同的机构;认证冗余,其中初始认证机构和后续认证机构是同一机构。通过研究美国小企业创新研究联邦和州项目的认证序列,我们发现认证拓宽通常会增加企业获取私人资源的能力,而认证冗余通常会降低企业获取私人资源的能力。这项研究提出了一个更…
{"title":"Does More Certification Always Benefit a Venture?","authors":"Lauren Lanahan, D. Armanios","doi":"10.1287/orsc.2018.1211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1211","url":null,"abstract":"An implicit assumption in institutional theory is that more certifications improve a venture’s likelihood for success. However, under certain conditions, we argue more certifications may be detrimental to the venture’s performance. We advance this notion by examining both who is doing the certification and, in turn, what information is revealed to others through the certification. Our study advances two new constructs based on varying instances of follow-on certification: certification broadening, where the initial and follow-on certifiers are different institutions, and certification redundancy, where the initial and follow-on certifiers are the same institution. By studying sequences of certification in the U.S. Small Business Innovation Research federal and state programs, we find that certification broadening generally increases a firm’s ability to acquire private resources, whereas certification redundancy generally decreases a firm’s ability to acquire private resources. This study advances a more d...","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124108187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Perfil Empreendedor: O Caso Da Mula Sem Cabeça (Entrepreneur Profile: The Case of Headless Mule) Perfil企业家:O Caso Da Mula Sem cabea(企业家简介:无头骡子案例)
Pub Date : 2018-03-05 DOI: 10.14211/REGEPE.V7I1.448
J. Borba, Sidnei Vieira Marinho, Anete Alberton
This study case “The case of the ‘ mula sem cabeca ’ or ‘headless mule’”, a figure from Brazilian folklore, describes a problem situation of a young entrepreneur who achieved the objective of having his own retail outlet for a clothing brand with which he had a close and caring relationship for many years. After managing to open the store, in the main shopping center of the town of Balneario Camboriu, on the north coast of Santa Catarina, he faced the dilemma of whether to dedicate himself entirely to the role of business person, or whether to give up the company where he had worked for ten years. Contextually, there is still an imminent national economic crisis that could exacerbate the loss of income in the self-owned business, as well as his personal problems, in a property investment. The case was written as a teaching tool for use in the classroom on the topic of entrepreneurialism, and the characteristics of the entrepreneur.
本研究案例“mula sem cabeca”或“无头骡子”的案例,一个来自巴西民间传说的人物,描述了一个年轻企业家的问题情况,他实现了自己的服装品牌零售店的目标,他与一个服装品牌有着多年的密切和关心的关系。在圣卡塔琳娜北部海岸Balneario Camboriu镇的主要购物中心开了这家店后,他面临着一个两难的选择:是全身心地投入到商人的角色中去,还是放弃他工作了十年的公司。背景是,国家经济危机仍迫在眉睫,这可能会加剧他在自有企业的收入损失,以及他在房地产投资方面的个人问题。这个案例是作为一个教学工具编写的,用于课堂上关于企业家精神的话题和企业家的特征。
{"title":"Perfil Empreendedor: O Caso Da Mula Sem Cabeça (Entrepreneur Profile: The Case of Headless Mule)","authors":"J. Borba, Sidnei Vieira Marinho, Anete Alberton","doi":"10.14211/REGEPE.V7I1.448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14211/REGEPE.V7I1.448","url":null,"abstract":"This study case “The case of the ‘ mula sem cabeca ’ or ‘headless mule’”, a figure from Brazilian folklore, describes a problem situation of a young entrepreneur who achieved the objective of having his own retail outlet for a clothing brand with which he had a close and caring relationship for many years. After managing to open the store, in the main shopping center of the town of Balneario Camboriu, on the north coast of Santa Catarina, he faced the dilemma of whether to dedicate himself entirely to the role of business person, or whether to give up the company where he had worked for ten years. Contextually, there is still an imminent national economic crisis that could exacerbate the loss of income in the self-owned business, as well as his personal problems, in a property investment. The case was written as a teaching tool for use in the classroom on the topic of entrepreneurialism, and the characteristics of the entrepreneur.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115678875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Place-Based Policies Promote Local Innovation and Entrepreneurship? 因地制宜的政策能促进地方创新和创业吗?
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3118661
X. Tian, Jiajie Xu
This paper explores how a prominent place-based policy in China, the national high-tech zones, affects local innovation output and entrepreneurial activities. Relying on plausible exogenous variation in place-based policies caused by staggered establishments of national high-tech zones, we find that the establishment of national high-tech zones has positive effects on local innovation output and entrepreneurial activities. A number of additional tests suggest that the effects appear causal. Access to finance, reductions in administrative burdens, and talent cultivation are three plausible underlying channels through which national high-tech zones positively affect local innovation and entrepreneurship. Our paper sheds new light on the debate about the real effects of place-based government policies.
本文探讨了中国突出的地方政策——国家高新区对地方创新产出和创业活动的影响。通过对国家高新区错开所导致的地方政策的似是而非的外生变异分析,我们发现国家高新区的设立对地方创新产出和创业活动具有正向影响。一些额外的测试表明,这些影响似乎是因果关系。融资便利、行政负担减轻和人才培养是国家高新区对地方创新创业产生积极影响的三个看似合理的潜在渠道。我们的论文为关于基于地方的政府政策的实际影响的辩论提供了新的视角。
{"title":"Do Place-Based Policies Promote Local Innovation and Entrepreneurship?","authors":"X. Tian, Jiajie Xu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3118661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3118661","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how a prominent place-based policy in China, the national high-tech zones, affects local innovation output and entrepreneurial activities. Relying on plausible exogenous variation in place-based policies caused by staggered establishments of national high-tech zones, we find that the establishment of national high-tech zones has positive effects on local innovation output and entrepreneurial activities. A number of additional tests suggest that the effects appear causal. Access to finance, reductions in administrative burdens, and talent cultivation are three plausible underlying channels through which national high-tech zones positively affect local innovation and entrepreneurship. Our paper sheds new light on the debate about the real effects of place-based government policies.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127376486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Productivity in Germany, 1871-2015 德国的技术创新、企业家精神与生产力,1871-2015
Pub Date : 2018-01-04 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3107759
W. Naudé, P. Nagler
Entrepreneurship in Germany has been stagnating. As a result, the effectiveness of technological innovation to improve labor productivity weakened, which has been implicated in rising income inequality and poverty. In this paper we provide an overview of technological innovation and labor productivity growth from 1871. From this we show that over the past three decades the economy has found it increasingly difficult to transform technological innovation into labor productivity growth: in glaring contrast to earlier periods. Despite higher spending on R&D and more personnel than ever working in research labs, labor productivity growth continues to decline. Two interrelated reasons are offered for this phenomenon. The first is that the national innovation system itself has certain weaknesses. The second is entrepreneurial stagnation. We discuss the weaknesses of the innovation system and the nature and causes of entrepreneurial stagnation. We call for policies that will improve the innovation system, educational and managerial capabilities, venture capital investments, and the contestability of markets. Strengthening social protection and raising real wages are important supportive measures.
德国的企业家精神一直停滞不前。因此,技术创新提高劳动生产率的有效性减弱,这与收入不平等和贫困加剧有关。本文对1871年以来的技术创新和劳动生产率增长进行了概述。由此我们可以看出,在过去三十年中,经济发现越来越难以将技术创新转化为劳动生产率的增长:这与早期形成了鲜明对比。尽管研发支出增加,实验室工作人员也比以往任何时候都多,但劳动生产率的增长仍在继续下降。这一现象有两个相互关联的原因。一是国家创新体系本身存在一定的弱点。第二是创业停滞。我们讨论了创新系统的弱点以及创业停滞的性质和原因。我们呼吁出台政策,改善创新体系、教育和管理能力、风险投资和市场竞争力。加强社会保障和提高实际工资是重要的支持措施。
{"title":"Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Productivity in Germany, 1871-2015","authors":"W. Naudé, P. Nagler","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3107759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3107759","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship in Germany has been stagnating. As a result, the effectiveness of technological innovation to improve labor productivity weakened, which has been implicated in rising income inequality and poverty. In this paper we provide an overview of technological innovation and labor productivity growth from 1871. From this we show that over the past three decades the economy has found it increasingly difficult to transform technological innovation into labor productivity growth: in glaring contrast to earlier periods. Despite higher spending on R&D and more personnel than ever working in research labs, labor productivity growth continues to decline. Two interrelated reasons are offered for this phenomenon. The first is that the national innovation system itself has certain weaknesses. The second is entrepreneurial stagnation. We discuss the weaknesses of the innovation system and the nature and causes of entrepreneurial stagnation. We call for policies that will improve the innovation system, educational and managerial capabilities, venture capital investments, and the contestability of markets. Strengthening social protection and raising real wages are important supportive measures.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129652006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Managing SMEs' Collaboration Across Organizational Boundaries Within a Regional Business Ecosystem 在区域商业生态系统中管理中小企业的跨组织协作
Pub Date : 2018-01-01 DOI: 10.1142/9789813230972_0007
Agnieszka Radziwon, M. Bogers
Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) often engage in relationships with external partners that complement their activities in improving their products and services in order to maintain their market share in a competitive landscape. In this chapter, we present a case that focuses on SMEs’ perspective on managing and organizing inter-company collaboration within a regional business. We explore how purposefully managed mutual knowledge flows across organizational boundaries applied by SMEs contribute to the development of the ecosystem they are immersed in. Our key findings include insights into the advantages offered by being embedded within regional ecosystem boundaries, such as low transaction costs and reduced risks of opportunistic behaviors, environmental opportunities for external knowledge sourcing or increase of the sphere of influence. We also highlight accompanied challenges, such as low autonomy and control over the partners and indicate shared issues and responsibilities crucial for further ecosystem development. As a conclusion, we offer a set of recommendations both for managers and policymakers concerning general organizational requirements and governing structures.
中小型企业经常与外部合作伙伴建立关系,以补充其改进产品和服务的活动,以便在竞争格局中保持其市场份额。在本章中,我们提出了一个案例,重点关注中小企业在区域业务中管理和组织公司间合作的观点。我们探讨了中小企业如何有目的地管理跨组织边界的相互知识流动,以促进其所处生态系统的发展。我们的主要发现包括对嵌入区域生态系统边界所提供的优势的见解,例如低交易成本和机会主义行为风险的降低,外部知识来源的环境机会或影响力范围的增加。我们还强调了随之而来的挑战,例如对合作伙伴的自主权和控制力较低,并指出了对生态系统进一步发展至关重要的共同问题和责任。作为结论,我们为管理者和决策者提供了一套关于一般组织需求和治理结构的建议。
{"title":"Managing SMEs' Collaboration Across Organizational Boundaries Within a Regional Business Ecosystem","authors":"Agnieszka Radziwon, M. Bogers","doi":"10.1142/9789813230972_0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/9789813230972_0007","url":null,"abstract":"Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) often engage in relationships with external partners that complement their activities in improving their products and services in order to maintain their market share in a competitive landscape. In this chapter, we present a case that focuses on SMEs’ perspective on managing and organizing inter-company collaboration within a regional business. We explore how purposefully managed mutual knowledge flows across organizational boundaries applied by SMEs contribute to the development of the ecosystem they are immersed in. Our key findings include insights into the advantages offered by being embedded within regional ecosystem boundaries, such as low transaction costs and reduced risks of opportunistic behaviors, environmental opportunities for external knowledge sourcing or increase of the sphere of influence. We also highlight accompanied challenges, such as low autonomy and control over the partners and indicate shared issues and responsibilities crucial for further ecosystem development. As a conclusion, we offer a set of recommendations both for managers and policymakers concerning general organizational requirements and governing structures.","PeriodicalId":131271,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121613739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
期刊
IRPN: Innovation & Entrepreneurship (Topic)
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1