Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.57.41547
Loveline Lum Niba, Lifoter Kenneth Navti, Ahmadou Jingi Musa
Introduction: measures of obesity such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) have been shown to be associated with high blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of secondary school adolescents with elevated BP and high BP in relation to some measures of adiposity (BMI, WC, WHtR) and to examine the association between BP and adiposity indices amongst the children.
{"title":"Relationship between measures of adiposity and hypertension amongst secondary school adolescents in an urban setting in Cameroon","authors":"Loveline Lum Niba, Lifoter Kenneth Navti, Ahmadou Jingi Musa","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.57.41547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.57.41547","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: measures of obesity such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) have been shown to be associated with high blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of secondary school adolescents with elevated BP and high BP in relation to some measures of adiposity (BMI, WC, WHtR) and to examine the association between BP and adiposity indices amongst the children.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.18.36098
Oladunni Omolabake Otanwa, Uche Samuel Ndidi, Abdulrazak Baba Ibrahim, Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun, Kola Matthew Anigo
Introduction: Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is well known for its antioxidant and immune-boosting properties. Owing to the wide-range application of AA in the treatment of numerous ailments and its sweet taste, it is usually abused i.e. overused. However, the effect of the abuse has rarely received attention. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the effect of oral administration of high-dose ascorbic acid on biochemical and haematological parameters as well as the effects on the kidney, liver and lungs.
{"title":"Prooxidant effects of high dose ascorbic acid administration on biochemical, haematological and histological changes in Cavia porcellus (Guinea pigs): a Guinea pig experimental model","authors":"Oladunni Omolabake Otanwa, Uche Samuel Ndidi, Abdulrazak Baba Ibrahim, Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun, Kola Matthew Anigo","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.18.36098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.18.36098","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is well known for its antioxidant and immune-boosting properties. Owing to the wide-range application of AA in the treatment of numerous ailments and its sweet taste, it is usually abused i.e. overused. However, the effect of the abuse has rarely received attention. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the effect of oral administration of high-dose ascorbic acid on biochemical and haematological parameters as well as the effects on the kidney, liver and lungs.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"54 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135440850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The adoption of decentralization by devolution in Tanzania has enabled the implementation of a Direct Health Facility Financing (DHFF) program in the facilities. While copious gains have been reported under DHFF, there are also notable failures to improve health service provision. This study aims to explore the experience of implementing the DHFF program in the rural areas of the Kigoma District Council. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities of the Kigoma District Council. A purposive sampling technique was used to draw 21 Key Informants including leaders of health facilities and members of the Health Facility Governing Committees (HFGC). Key Informant Interviews (KII) were used to solicit information from the study participants. Content analysis technique was used to analyze data collected from study participants. Our findings present enablers and barriers in the implementation of DHFF. Successful implementation of DHFF was enabled by the availability of formal training and supportive supervision, adherence to DHFF guidelines, availability of planning guidelines at the health facility, functionality of the HFGC, and adherence to the procurement process. A low sense of ownership of the program, delays and insufficient fund disbursement, shortage of health workers, and inadequate knowledge of DHFF program implementation emerged as the barriers that impeded successful program implementation. Evaluating the implementation experience of the DHFF program requires policymakers at the national level to devise a mechanism for the timely disbursement of funds, reinforcing capacity building to increase the autonomy of health facilities in their daily operations. Furthermore, structural and operational barriers warrant further operational and implementation research.
{"title":"Implementation of direct health facility financing in the Rural District of Kigoma in Western Tanzania","authors":"Flora Joram, Jairos Hiliza, Sirili Nathanael, Amani Anaeli","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.19.41052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.19.41052","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of decentralization by devolution in Tanzania has enabled the implementation of a Direct Health Facility Financing (DHFF) program in the facilities. While copious gains have been reported under DHFF, there are also notable failures to improve health service provision. This study aims to explore the experience of implementing the DHFF program in the rural areas of the Kigoma District Council. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities of the Kigoma District Council. A purposive sampling technique was used to draw 21 Key Informants including leaders of health facilities and members of the Health Facility Governing Committees (HFGC). Key Informant Interviews (KII) were used to solicit information from the study participants. Content analysis technique was used to analyze data collected from study participants. Our findings present enablers and barriers in the implementation of DHFF. Successful implementation of DHFF was enabled by the availability of formal training and supportive supervision, adherence to DHFF guidelines, availability of planning guidelines at the health facility, functionality of the HFGC, and adherence to the procurement process. A low sense of ownership of the program, delays and insufficient fund disbursement, shortage of health workers, and inadequate knowledge of DHFF program implementation emerged as the barriers that impeded successful program implementation. Evaluating the implementation experience of the DHFF program requires policymakers at the national level to devise a mechanism for the timely disbursement of funds, reinforcing capacity building to increase the autonomy of health facilities in their daily operations. Furthermore, structural and operational barriers warrant further operational and implementation research.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135444870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.26.34933
Renu Bharat Rathi, Arun Naphe Khatri
{"title":"Bilateral symmetric dry gangrene of the feet in a newborn","authors":"Renu Bharat Rathi, Arun Naphe Khatri","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.26.34933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.26.34933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135550952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.17.40921
Adefisoye Adewole, Olufemi Ajumobi, Ndadilnasiya Waziri, Amina Umar, Usaini Bala, Saheed Gidado, Patrick Nguku, Perpetua Uhomoibhi, Basheer Muhammad, Munira Ismail, Shelby Cash, John Williamson, Stephen Patrick Kachur, Peter McElroy, Kwame Asamoa
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in collaboration with the National Malaria Elimination Program and the African Field Epidemiology Network established the Malaria Frontline Project to provide innovative approaches to improve the malaria program implementation in Kano and Zamfara states, Nigeria. Innovative approaches such as malaria bulletin, malaria monitoring wall chart, conduct of ward level data validation meetings and malaria dashboard have helped improved the use of data for decision making at all levels. Innovative approaches deployed during the project implementation facilitated data analysis and a better understanding of malaria program performance and data utilization for decision making at all levels. These innovative approaches may improve malaria control program performance in Nigeria and other resource limited countries.
{"title":"Improving health information system for malaria program management: malaria frontline project lessons learned from Kano and Zamfara States, Nigeria, 2016-2019","authors":"Adefisoye Adewole, Olufemi Ajumobi, Ndadilnasiya Waziri, Amina Umar, Usaini Bala, Saheed Gidado, Patrick Nguku, Perpetua Uhomoibhi, Basheer Muhammad, Munira Ismail, Shelby Cash, John Williamson, Stephen Patrick Kachur, Peter McElroy, Kwame Asamoa","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.17.40921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.17.40921","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in collaboration with the National Malaria Elimination Program and the African Field Epidemiology Network established the Malaria Frontline Project to provide innovative approaches to improve the malaria program implementation in Kano and Zamfara states, Nigeria. Innovative approaches such as malaria bulletin, malaria monitoring wall chart, conduct of ward level data validation meetings and malaria dashboard have helped improved the use of data for decision making at all levels. Innovative approaches deployed during the project implementation facilitated data analysis and a better understanding of malaria program performance and data utilization for decision making at all levels. These innovative approaches may improve malaria control program performance in Nigeria and other resource limited countries.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135401637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac myxoma is a very rare benign cardiac neoplasm. Its annual incidence globally is between 0.5 to 1 case per one million individuals. It has a 0.03% prevalence rate in the general population. It commonly occurs in the left atrium, but can also be located in the other heart chambers. Its clinical presentations are variable, non-specific, and can mimic various cardiovascular and systemic diseases, posing a diagnostic dilemma. Thus, a high index of suspicion with appropriate use of radiologic and laboratory diagnostic tools is essential for its accurate diagnosis and management. The diagnosis and management of a rare case of left atrial myxoma in a middle-aged African woman who presented with heart failure-like symptoms, features of acute pulmonary edema, and syncope is presented in this literature. The diagnosis was suspected following echocardiography. The tumor was surgically excised, and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. The patient´s post-operative condition has been excellent.
{"title":"Left atrial myxoma presenting with acute pulmonary edema and syncope in a middle-aged black African woman: a case report","authors":"Kasiemobi Eberechukwu Uchime, Oladipo Ayoola Olanipekun, Olamide Nelson Ogidan, Stephen Olawale Oguntola, Okechukwu Obumneme Ezekpo, Olaniyi Abiodun Oluwafemi Olatunde, Akinola Akinmade","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.31.41414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.31.41414","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac myxoma is a very rare benign cardiac neoplasm. Its annual incidence globally is between 0.5 to 1 case per one million individuals. It has a 0.03% prevalence rate in the general population. It commonly occurs in the left atrium, but can also be located in the other heart chambers. Its clinical presentations are variable, non-specific, and can mimic various cardiovascular and systemic diseases, posing a diagnostic dilemma. Thus, a high index of suspicion with appropriate use of radiologic and laboratory diagnostic tools is essential for its accurate diagnosis and management. The diagnosis and management of a rare case of left atrial myxoma in a middle-aged African woman who presented with heart failure-like symptoms, features of acute pulmonary edema, and syncope is presented in this literature. The diagnosis was suspected following echocardiography. The tumor was surgically excised, and the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. The patient´s post-operative condition has been excellent.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135650160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.68.28293
Samuel Kizito, Milton Wamboko Musaba, Julius Wandabwa, Paul Kiondo
Introduction: pregnancy related lumbopelvic pain, which refers to low back pain and pelvic girdle pain , is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting quality of life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence and the factors associated with lumbopelvic pain among pregnant women in their third trimester
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with lumbopelvic pain among pregnant women in their third trimester: a cross sectional study","authors":"Samuel Kizito, Milton Wamboko Musaba, Julius Wandabwa, Paul Kiondo","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.68.28293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.68.28293","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: pregnancy related lumbopelvic pain, which refers to low back pain and pelvic girdle pain , is a common musculoskeletal disorder affecting quality of life. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence and the factors associated with lumbopelvic pain among pregnant women in their third trimester","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135211052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.13.41152
René Ghislain Essomba, Rostand Munkam Mbe, Marie Paule Ngongang, Claire Bitchong Ekono, Valentina Josiane Ngo, Nassif Seni, Philippe Salomon Nguwoh, Pulchérie Thérèse Ateba, Severin Donald Kamdem, Justin Komguep Nono, Myriam Sylvie Ambomo, Marie Claire Okomo, François Xavier Mbopi-Kéou
Introduction: HIV-1 and Mtb are characterized by immune activation and unbalances production of cytokines, but the expression of IL33 in HIV/TB coinfection remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the level of IL-33 in plasma of HIV and M.tuberculosis (HIV/TB) coinfected patients compared to patients with respective mono infections in Yaoundé.
{"title":"Plasma IL-33 levels and immune activation in HIV-TB coinfection: a cross-sectional study in Yaoundé, Cameroon","authors":"René Ghislain Essomba, Rostand Munkam Mbe, Marie Paule Ngongang, Claire Bitchong Ekono, Valentina Josiane Ngo, Nassif Seni, Philippe Salomon Nguwoh, Pulchérie Thérèse Ateba, Severin Donald Kamdem, Justin Komguep Nono, Myriam Sylvie Ambomo, Marie Claire Okomo, François Xavier Mbopi-Kéou","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.13.41152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.13.41152","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: HIV-1 and Mtb are characterized by immune activation and unbalances production of cytokines, but the expression of IL33 in HIV/TB coinfection remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the level of IL-33 in plasma of HIV and M.tuberculosis (HIV/TB) coinfected patients compared to patients with respective mono infections in Yaoundé.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135361722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.27.38706
Rene Kanjo Njamnshi, Mahamat Maimouna, Leonard Ngarka, Aristide Eric Nono Tomta, Wepnyu Yembe Njamnshi, Gloria Enow Ashuntantang, Vincent de Paul Nguemaleu Djientcheu, Alfred Kongnyu Njamnshi, Donald Sloane Shepard
Introduction: chronic kidney disease affects one in ten adults in Cameroon. Haemodialysis was the only renal replacement therapy (for adults) in Cameroon and its sub-region until November 10, 2021. Thereafter through May 2022, the Yaoundé General Hospital successfully completed four living-donor kidney transplants. This paper examines policy implications.
{"title":"A retrospective cohort study on the cost-effectiveness analysis of kidney transplantation compared to dialysis in Cameroon: evidence for policy","authors":"Rene Kanjo Njamnshi, Mahamat Maimouna, Leonard Ngarka, Aristide Eric Nono Tomta, Wepnyu Yembe Njamnshi, Gloria Enow Ashuntantang, Vincent de Paul Nguemaleu Djientcheu, Alfred Kongnyu Njamnshi, Donald Sloane Shepard","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.27.38706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.27.38706","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: chronic kidney disease affects one in ten adults in Cameroon. Haemodialysis was the only renal replacement therapy (for adults) in Cameroon and its sub-region until November 10, 2021. Thereafter through May 2022, the Yaoundé General Hospital successfully completed four living-donor kidney transplants. This paper examines policy implications.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135500901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.74.40122
Mwamba Kabuya, Alfred Musekiwa, Simbarashe Takuva, Lehana Thabane, Lawrence Mbuagbaw
Introduction: sub-Saharan Africa, home to over 10% of the world´s population, is the worst Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-affected region in the world. HIV/AIDS is a major public health challenge in Lesotho, with an HIV prevalence of 25.6% in 2018. Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) after 48 months of initiation.
{"title":"Antiretroviral therapy programme outcomes at Senkatana Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) Clinic, Lesotho: a four-year retrospective cohort study","authors":"Mwamba Kabuya, Alfred Musekiwa, Simbarashe Takuva, Lehana Thabane, Lawrence Mbuagbaw","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.74.40122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.74.40122","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: sub-Saharan Africa, home to over 10% of the world´s population, is the worst Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-affected region in the world. HIV/AIDS is a major public health challenge in Lesotho, with an HIV prevalence of 25.6% in 2018. Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) after 48 months of initiation.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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