Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.20.40772
Rachel Masuke, Yohane Kihaga, Michael Mashala, Saimon Ndalio, Omari Sukari, Onna Panga
Introduction: sustaining high rates of retention is critical for management of HIV clients, newly initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART). In low resource settings including Tanzania, retention among clients on ART was challenging due to inaccessible infrastructure, gender-based violence, inadequate skilled staff and socio-economic disparities. Low retention leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Tanzania adopted universal test and treat (UTT) strategy in mid of 2016 as recommended by Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAID) that set goals for HIV epidemic control globally. Studies demonstrated controversial findings on whether UTT strategy improves retention, until now there is limited information on the effect of UTT on retaining HIV patients in our settings.
{"title":"Twelve months antiretroviral therapy retention among clients newly enrolled to care and treatment services in Geita region, Tanzania: does universal test and treat matter?","authors":"Rachel Masuke, Yohane Kihaga, Michael Mashala, Saimon Ndalio, Omari Sukari, Onna Panga","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.20.40772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.20.40772","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: sustaining high rates of retention is critical for management of HIV clients, newly initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART). In low resource settings including Tanzania, retention among clients on ART was challenging due to inaccessible infrastructure, gender-based violence, inadequate skilled staff and socio-economic disparities. Low retention leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Tanzania adopted universal test and treat (UTT) strategy in mid of 2016 as recommended by Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAID) that set goals for HIV epidemic control globally. Studies demonstrated controversial findings on whether UTT strategy improves retention, until now there is limited information on the effect of UTT on retaining HIV patients in our settings.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.27.38706
Rene Kanjo Njamnshi, Mahamat Maimouna, Leonard Ngarka, Aristide Eric Nono Tomta, Wepnyu Yembe Njamnshi, Gloria Enow Ashuntantang, Vincent de Paul Nguemaleu Djientcheu, Alfred Kongnyu Njamnshi, Donald Sloane Shepard
Introduction: chronic kidney disease affects one in ten adults in Cameroon. Haemodialysis was the only renal replacement therapy (for adults) in Cameroon and its sub-region until November 10, 2021. Thereafter through May 2022, the Yaoundé General Hospital successfully completed four living-donor kidney transplants. This paper examines policy implications.
{"title":"A retrospective cohort study on the cost-effectiveness analysis of kidney transplantation compared to dialysis in Cameroon: evidence for policy","authors":"Rene Kanjo Njamnshi, Mahamat Maimouna, Leonard Ngarka, Aristide Eric Nono Tomta, Wepnyu Yembe Njamnshi, Gloria Enow Ashuntantang, Vincent de Paul Nguemaleu Djientcheu, Alfred Kongnyu Njamnshi, Donald Sloane Shepard","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.27.38706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.27.38706","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: chronic kidney disease affects one in ten adults in Cameroon. Haemodialysis was the only renal replacement therapy (for adults) in Cameroon and its sub-region until November 10, 2021. Thereafter through May 2022, the Yaoundé General Hospital successfully completed four living-donor kidney transplants. This paper examines policy implications.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135500901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.74.40122
Mwamba Kabuya, Alfred Musekiwa, Simbarashe Takuva, Lehana Thabane, Lawrence Mbuagbaw
Introduction: sub-Saharan Africa, home to over 10% of the world´s population, is the worst Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-affected region in the world. HIV/AIDS is a major public health challenge in Lesotho, with an HIV prevalence of 25.6% in 2018. Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) after 48 months of initiation.
{"title":"Antiretroviral therapy programme outcomes at Senkatana Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) Clinic, Lesotho: a four-year retrospective cohort study","authors":"Mwamba Kabuya, Alfred Musekiwa, Simbarashe Takuva, Lehana Thabane, Lawrence Mbuagbaw","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.74.40122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.74.40122","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: sub-Saharan Africa, home to over 10% of the world´s population, is the worst Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-affected region in the world. HIV/AIDS is a major public health challenge in Lesotho, with an HIV prevalence of 25.6% in 2018. Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) after 48 months of initiation.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.39.37692
Fresnel Lutèce Ontsi Obame, Abad Chérif El Asri
{"title":"Hematoma of cavum septum pellucidum by ruptured aneurysm","authors":"Fresnel Lutèce Ontsi Obame, Abad Chérif El Asri","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.39.37692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.39.37692","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.84.41457
Zaineb Benslimane, Sinan Yavuz, Nader Francis
Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD) encompasses various respiratory conditions affecting children's lung airspaces and tissues, with diverse causes. One rare cause involves structural vascular changes. We describe a case of a 10-years-old boy diagnosed with chILD who exhibited specific dysmorphic features, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. He was diagnosed with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to venous thromboembolic disease, an unusual underlying condition for chILD. A Whole Exome Sequence showed mutations in KDM3B and SIN3A genes, respectively responsible for Diets-Jongmans syndrome (DIJOS) and Witteveen-Kolk syndrome (WITKOS). Both syndromes can explain our patient´s phenotype and KDM3B mutation has been previously described to be associated with PAH. Our case suggests a potential association between KDM3B mutation and PAH leading to chILD. It also enriches the knowledge of genotypic diversity in KDM3B and SIN3A genes as well as the spectrum of clinical associations with DIJOS and WITKOS syndromes.
{"title":"A rare presentation of childhood interstitial lung disease attributed to kdm3b gene mutation: a case report","authors":"Zaineb Benslimane, Sinan Yavuz, Nader Francis","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.84.41457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.84.41457","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD) encompasses various respiratory conditions affecting children's lung airspaces and tissues, with diverse causes. One rare cause involves structural vascular changes. We describe a case of a 10-years-old boy diagnosed with chILD who exhibited specific dysmorphic features, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. He was diagnosed with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to venous thromboembolic disease, an unusual underlying condition for chILD. A Whole Exome Sequence showed mutations in KDM3B and SIN3A genes, respectively responsible for Diets-Jongmans syndrome (DIJOS) and Witteveen-Kolk syndrome (WITKOS). Both syndromes can explain our patient´s phenotype and KDM3B mutation has been previously described to be associated with PAH. Our case suggests a potential association between KDM3B mutation and PAH leading to chILD. It also enriches the knowledge of genotypic diversity in KDM3B and SIN3A genes as well as the spectrum of clinical associations with DIJOS and WITKOS syndromes.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135660368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: perioperative anxiety in children may lead to psychological and physiological side effects. Clonidine is in increasing use in the pediatric population as an anxiolytic, sedative, and analgesic because of its central alpha2-adrenergic agonist effect. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of clonidine in the prevention of perioperative children´s anxiety.
{"title":"The interest of intranasal clonidine in the prevention of perioperative children's anxiety: a prospective randomized trial","authors":"Mariem Keskes, Nouha Amouri, Salma Ketata, Rahma Derbel, Maha Charfi, Imen Zouche, Moncef Sallemi, Moez Elloumi, Hichem Chikhrouhou","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.37.40310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.37.40310","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: perioperative anxiety in children may lead to psychological and physiological side effects. Clonidine is in increasing use in the pediatric population as an anxiolytic, sedative, and analgesic because of its central alpha2-adrenergic agonist effect. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of clonidine in the prevention of perioperative children´s anxiety.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135701443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.52.41225
Catherine Bouland, Jean-Junior Eye Ngoa, Jules Nebo, Joseph Francis Nde Djiele
Introduction: informal sector carpenters in Douala, Cameroon, face potential risks to their respiratory health due to daily exposure to fine particles and wood dust. The study aims to demonstrate the importance of preventing respiratory problems in this population through regular use of filtering face pieces (FFP3) respiratory masks.
{"title":"Impact of filtering face pieces (FFP3) respiratory protective mask usage on the respiratory functions of informal sector carpenters in Douala: a five-month before-after study","authors":"Catherine Bouland, Jean-Junior Eye Ngoa, Jules Nebo, Joseph Francis Nde Djiele","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.52.41225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.52.41225","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: informal sector carpenters in Douala, Cameroon, face potential risks to their respiratory health due to daily exposure to fine particles and wood dust. The study aims to demonstrate the importance of preventing respiratory problems in this population through regular use of filtering face pieces (FFP3) respiratory masks.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the factors contributing to tooth extractions and possible correlations between tooth loss and various variables.
简介:本横断面研究旨在探讨影响拔牙的因素，以及牙齿脱落与各种变量之间可能存在的相关性。
{"title":"Reasons behind permanent tooth extraction at a Dental University Hospital in Morocco: a survey among patients of the International Faculty of Dental Medicine of Rabat","authors":"Rime Chraibi, Hicham Baddi, Narjiss Akerzoul, Babacar Touré","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.73.38768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.73.38768","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the factors contributing to tooth extractions and possible correlations between tooth loss and various variables.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134888240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.14.40948
Hardik Patel, Sandeep Shrivastava
{"title":"Osteogenesis imperfecta: an unusual presentation","authors":"Hardik Patel, Sandeep Shrivastava","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.14.40948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.14.40948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135360355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.187.38263
Teshale Worku, Teka Haile, Samuel Sahile, Tadesse Duguma
Introduction: globally, an estimated two billion cases of diarrhea occur every year, and an estimated 1.7 million children under the age of five years, mostly in developing countries die due to diarrheal cases. It is caused by different enteropathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Diarrhea caused by parasitic etiology is common in under-five year children in Sab-Saharan Africa. The objective was to investigate the parasitic etiology of diarrhea among under-five year children in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.
{"title":"Parasitic etiology of diarrhea and associated factors among under-five year children attending Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Teshale Worku, Teka Haile, Samuel Sahile, Tadesse Duguma","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.45.187.38263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.45.187.38263","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: globally, an estimated two billion cases of diarrhea occur every year, and an estimated 1.7 million children under the age of five years, mostly in developing countries die due to diarrheal cases. It is caused by different enteropathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Diarrhea caused by parasitic etiology is common in under-five year children in Sab-Saharan Africa. The objective was to investigate the parasitic etiology of diarrhea among under-five year children in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135056507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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