Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437891
P. Bachan, S. Ghosh, S. K. Saraswat
In cognitive radio network spectrum sensing is a fundamental element to detect the presence of primary user. In this paper cooperative spectrum sensing scheme is employed to optimize the performance in fading channel environments. This paper will focus on AWGN, rayleigh and rician fading channels to compare the error rates for `n' number of cognitive users. Neyman's hypothesis testing and data fusion rules are used to satisfy and compare the error bounds in a large network for different values of SNR. Finally error rates are compared by considering different threshold values and keeping the SNR as fixed. This comparative analysis can be extended further for double threshold energy detection scheme.
{"title":"Comparative error rate analysis of cooperative spectrum sensing in non-fading and fading environments","authors":"P. Bachan, S. Ghosh, S. K. Saraswat","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437891","url":null,"abstract":"In cognitive radio network spectrum sensing is a fundamental element to detect the presence of primary user. In this paper cooperative spectrum sensing scheme is employed to optimize the performance in fading channel environments. This paper will focus on AWGN, rayleigh and rician fading channels to compare the error rates for `n' number of cognitive users. Neyman's hypothesis testing and data fusion rules are used to satisfy and compare the error bounds in a large network for different values of SNR. Finally error rates are compared by considering different threshold values and keeping the SNR as fixed. This comparative analysis can be extended further for double threshold energy detection scheme.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128796153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437870
Pankaj Kumar Dhakar, R. K. Raj, Deepak Kumar, I. B. Sharma, Roopkishor Sharma
In this communication we present a microstrip feed small square UWB antenna with enhanced bandwidth and dual rejection bands for WiMAX and WLAN application. The proposed antenna consists of a microstrip feed square radiating patch with W- and Π-shaped slot cut inside it and a partial ground plane with a pair of U-shaped slots, which provides large fractional bandwidth of more than 128% (3.05-14.1 GHz). W-shaped and Π-shaped slot cut inside square radiating patch are used to achieve dual band- rejection performance, which reduces the interference caused by all the 3.5/5.5-GHz WiMAX bands, 5.2/5.5-GHz WLAN bands and 4-GHz C-bands. The proposed antenna successfully simulated using CST microwave studio 2011. It has very small size 10×16 mm2. Simulated results shows that proposed antenna operates over the wide frequency range 3.05-14.1 GHz, defined by S11 <; -10dB. The proposed antenna shows the satisfactory performance for UWB applications.
{"title":"A small square UWB antenna with dual rejection bands for WiMAX and WLAN applications","authors":"Pankaj Kumar Dhakar, R. K. Raj, Deepak Kumar, I. B. Sharma, Roopkishor Sharma","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437870","url":null,"abstract":"In this communication we present a microstrip feed small square UWB antenna with enhanced bandwidth and dual rejection bands for WiMAX and WLAN application. The proposed antenna consists of a microstrip feed square radiating patch with W- and Π-shaped slot cut inside it and a partial ground plane with a pair of U-shaped slots, which provides large fractional bandwidth of more than 128% (3.05-14.1 GHz). W-shaped and Π-shaped slot cut inside square radiating patch are used to achieve dual band- rejection performance, which reduces the interference caused by all the 3.5/5.5-GHz WiMAX bands, 5.2/5.5-GHz WLAN bands and 4-GHz C-bands. The proposed antenna successfully simulated using CST microwave studio 2011. It has very small size 10×16 mm2. Simulated results shows that proposed antenna operates over the wide frequency range 3.05-14.1 GHz, defined by S11 <; -10dB. The proposed antenna shows the satisfactory performance for UWB applications.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127428313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437867
Souryendu Das, Sunandan Gokhroo
A hexagonal pizza shaped microstrip patch antenna for breast cancer tumour detection is proposed in the paper. The antenna is designed to radiate frequencies in a narrowband centred at 9.3 GHz with a return loss of -23.94 dB with a bandwidth of 0.17 GHz (9.21 GHz-9.38 GHz). The antenna has the ground and the patch on the same plane making it a coplanar wave guide antenna. The basic theory and design has been analyzed, and simulation using HFSS commercial software has been employed to optimize the antenna. The antenna has been analysed for various dimensions of slots and the optimum design has been chosen based on slot dimension calculations.
{"title":"Novel hexagonal pizza shaped CPW microstrip patch antenna for applications in X band","authors":"Souryendu Das, Sunandan Gokhroo","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437867","url":null,"abstract":"A hexagonal pizza shaped microstrip patch antenna for breast cancer tumour detection is proposed in the paper. The antenna is designed to radiate frequencies in a narrowband centred at 9.3 GHz with a return loss of -23.94 dB with a bandwidth of 0.17 GHz (9.21 GHz-9.38 GHz). The antenna has the ground and the patch on the same plane making it a coplanar wave guide antenna. The basic theory and design has been analyzed, and simulation using HFSS commercial software has been employed to optimize the antenna. The antenna has been analysed for various dimensions of slots and the optimum design has been chosen based on slot dimension calculations.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126585674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437944
Madhavika Agarwal, Shivangni Singh, Neha Agrawal, Anjan Kumar, B. Pandey
In this paper, Wi-Fi Enable ALU on 90nm based Virtex-4 FPGA is analyzed using thermal scaling and frequency scaling. It is Wi-Fi enable because we are operating our ALU with frequencies of different IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Channel. Frequency scaling and temperature scaling results in power consumption variation and finally saving of energy. Clock power, logic power, signal power, IOs power, leakage power all are dependent on frequency and temperature. The ALU is analyzed to work efficiently at Wi-Fi channel ah, having frequency around 0.9GHz. We are also achieving reduction in range of 30-60% for leakage power using frequency scaling and thermal scaling. For further reduction of power dissipation at high frequency range, we are also using different Clock Gating techniques.
{"title":"Frequency scaling based thermally tolerable Wi-Fi Enable 32-bit ALU design on 90nm FPGA","authors":"Madhavika Agarwal, Shivangni Singh, Neha Agrawal, Anjan Kumar, B. Pandey","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437944","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, Wi-Fi Enable ALU on 90nm based Virtex-4 FPGA is analyzed using thermal scaling and frequency scaling. It is Wi-Fi enable because we are operating our ALU with frequencies of different IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Channel. Frequency scaling and temperature scaling results in power consumption variation and finally saving of energy. Clock power, logic power, signal power, IOs power, leakage power all are dependent on frequency and temperature. The ALU is analyzed to work efficiently at Wi-Fi channel ah, having frequency around 0.9GHz. We are also achieving reduction in range of 30-60% for leakage power using frequency scaling and thermal scaling. For further reduction of power dissipation at high frequency range, we are also using different Clock Gating techniques.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124544174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437902
Suneel Kumar, P. Tomar, Aasheesh Shukla
During the last two decades, there is a rapid growth in demand of data rate and quality of service. As in wireless environment, signals undergo fading, multipath delay spread and inter symbol interference due to frequency selectivity at the receiver side that's why single carrier mobile communication systems are not preferred. This leads to a high probability of error and degrade the system's overall performance. The solution to these problems is the use of multicarrier system such as OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing). The reason of using OFDM system is its low complexity implementation for high speed system compared to single carrier techniques. This paper will evaluate the performance of OFDM system using Space-Time diversity technique. Performance evaluation of OFDM system is measured in terms of BER vs. SNR simulation has been done using MATLAB.
{"title":"Effectiveness of OFDM with antenna diversity","authors":"Suneel Kumar, P. Tomar, Aasheesh Shukla","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437902","url":null,"abstract":"During the last two decades, there is a rapid growth in demand of data rate and quality of service. As in wireless environment, signals undergo fading, multipath delay spread and inter symbol interference due to frequency selectivity at the receiver side that's why single carrier mobile communication systems are not preferred. This leads to a high probability of error and degrade the system's overall performance. The solution to these problems is the use of multicarrier system such as OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing). The reason of using OFDM system is its low complexity implementation for high speed system compared to single carrier techniques. This paper will evaluate the performance of OFDM system using Space-Time diversity technique. Performance evaluation of OFDM system is measured in terms of BER vs. SNR simulation has been done using MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127886988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437885
Ratna Mishra, L. Moharana
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely used for monitoring, detection and identification purpose by using different wireless sensor nodes. The deployment of sensor nodes in a WSN can be a random type or also it can follow the fixed geometrical deployment procedure. In this paper the performance analysis of different grid types such as Triangular, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon and Octagon are discussed by computing their coverage area and efficient coverage area ratios.
{"title":"Analysis of different grid types used for sensor deployment in wireless sensor network","authors":"Ratna Mishra, L. Moharana","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437885","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely used for monitoring, detection and identification purpose by using different wireless sensor nodes. The deployment of sensor nodes in a WSN can be a random type or also it can follow the fixed geometrical deployment procedure. In this paper the performance analysis of different grid types such as Triangular, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon and Octagon are discussed by computing their coverage area and efficient coverage area ratios.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116729011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437879
Deepti Gupta, A. Upadhyay, Utkrisht Upadhyay, P. Singhal
In this work, the microstrip low pass filter has been designed with a cut-off frequency 8GHz. In this, wide stopband and high attenuation have been developed which is composed of multiple open stubs and CSRR technique. With proper selection of the electrical lengths and CSRR parameters wide stop band can be generated. A detailed design procedure has been provided. A comparative study has also been given between the DGS and CSRR designed microstrip low pass filter with multiple open stubs.
{"title":"CSRR based microstrip low pass filter with wide stopband and high attenuation","authors":"Deepti Gupta, A. Upadhyay, Utkrisht Upadhyay, P. Singhal","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437879","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the microstrip low pass filter has been designed with a cut-off frequency 8GHz. In this, wide stopband and high attenuation have been developed which is composed of multiple open stubs and CSRR technique. With proper selection of the electrical lengths and CSRR parameters wide stop band can be generated. A detailed design procedure has been provided. A comparative study has also been given between the DGS and CSRR designed microstrip low pass filter with multiple open stubs.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117339341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437956
C. Krishna, M. S. Jaison
The ability to provide isolate or standalone device data synchronization to the remote users is becoming more and more challenging for organizations nowadays. Several years ago, the term network was explicitly termed for wired-network but nowadays the accessibility of very high-speed broadband networks, small sized mobile devices, and easy carrying tabs have reduced dependency over wired-networks. Through wireless connectivity, we can now access web applications literally from anywhere to everywhere. It is very important for the businesses to ensure that their users are able to access the same information from their mobile devices which is updated at the office servers. The focus in this paper is to reduce data storage while performing data synchronization between server to client and client to server. For this there is a need to transfer less data between two entities. This can be achieved by combining Timestamps and Database Triggers for handle server to client synchronization, similarly Boolean flag and logs for handling client to server synchronization.
{"title":"Design and implementation of a platform independent synchronization using WCF web-services","authors":"C. Krishna, M. S. Jaison","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437956","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to provide isolate or standalone device data synchronization to the remote users is becoming more and more challenging for organizations nowadays. Several years ago, the term network was explicitly termed for wired-network but nowadays the accessibility of very high-speed broadband networks, small sized mobile devices, and easy carrying tabs have reduced dependency over wired-networks. Through wireless connectivity, we can now access web applications literally from anywhere to everywhere. It is very important for the businesses to ensure that their users are able to access the same information from their mobile devices which is updated at the office servers. The focus in this paper is to reduce data storage while performing data synchronization between server to client and client to server. For this there is a need to transfer less data between two entities. This can be achieved by combining Timestamps and Database Triggers for handle server to client synchronization, similarly Boolean flag and logs for handling client to server synchronization.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116094782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437936
Sangeeta Modi, A. Anand, P. Usha
Maintaining power quality in microgrid which is a building block of smart grids very important issue. A small deviation in control variables of any source in a microgrid can lead to circulating current, which can cause malfunction of entire system. Circulating current, plays a major role in affecting the power quality. In this paper two control schemes to control the circulating current are proposed and compared. These control schemes aim at controlling the circulating current and maximizing the microgrid efficiency under islanded mode of operation. A Simulink model is developed and the effectiveness of the two control schemes is tested through simulation in MATLAB. Simulation result reveals that control scheme based on multilevel inverter over isolation diode for controlling the circulating current in microgrid offers better performance and conversion efficiency.
{"title":"Microgrid control: A comparative study on control strategies for controlling the circulating current","authors":"Sangeeta Modi, A. Anand, P. Usha","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437936","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining power quality in microgrid which is a building block of smart grids very important issue. A small deviation in control variables of any source in a microgrid can lead to circulating current, which can cause malfunction of entire system. Circulating current, plays a major role in affecting the power quality. In this paper two control schemes to control the circulating current are proposed and compared. These control schemes aim at controlling the circulating current and maximizing the microgrid efficiency under islanded mode of operation. A Simulink model is developed and the effectiveness of the two control schemes is tested through simulation in MATLAB. Simulation result reveals that control scheme based on multilevel inverter over isolation diode for controlling the circulating current in microgrid offers better performance and conversion efficiency.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127167302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437881
T. C. Shami, H. Baskey, A. Dixit, Rudresh Kumar, Sumit Kumar
In this paper design, fabrication and electromagnetic characterization of wide band dielectric absorbers based on carbon fibers and polyaniline powder have been presented. The fabricated absorbers have been characterized using free space measurement system (FSMS) in X band frequency region. A return loss maxima of 31 dB i.e. absorption of 99% at 10.25 GHz have been achieved with minimum 97.5% absorption throughout the `X' band frequency region. The proposed fabricated absorber has the density of 0.28 gm/cc and thickness of 2 mm, which appears a potential candidate for RF stealth technology.
{"title":"Multicomponent lightweight ultra wide band electromagnetic absorbers for X band frequency region","authors":"T. C. Shami, H. Baskey, A. Dixit, Rudresh Kumar, Sumit Kumar","doi":"10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCINTELS.2015.7437881","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper design, fabrication and electromagnetic characterization of wide band dielectric absorbers based on carbon fibers and polyaniline powder have been presented. The fabricated absorbers have been characterized using free space measurement system (FSMS) in X band frequency region. A return loss maxima of 31 dB i.e. absorption of 99% at 10.25 GHz have been achieved with minimum 97.5% absorption throughout the `X' band frequency region. The proposed fabricated absorber has the density of 0.28 gm/cc and thickness of 2 mm, which appears a potential candidate for RF stealth technology.","PeriodicalId":131816,"journal":{"name":"2015 Communication, Control and Intelligent Systems (CCIS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127110880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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