Histopathology最新文献

{"title":"Adult granulosa cell tumours of the testis analogous to ovarian counterparts are exceptionally rare: analysis of a multicentric series and review of the literature","authors":"Costantino Ricci,&nbsp;Dario de Biase,&nbsp;Thais Maloberti,&nbsp;Agnese Orsatti,&nbsp;Thomas M Ulbright,&nbsp;Muhammad T Idrees,&nbsp;Esther Oliva,&nbsp;Kristine Cornejo,&nbsp;João Lobo,&nbsp;Kvetoslava Michalova,&nbsp;Maria Rosaria Raspollini,&nbsp;Sean R Williamson,&nbsp;Geert JLH van Leenders,&nbsp;Chia-Sui Kao,&nbsp;Fiona Maclean,&nbsp;Ankur R Sangoi,&nbsp;Adeboye O Osunkoya,&nbsp;Michelangelo Fiorentino,&nbsp;Antonio De Leo,&nbsp;Giovanni Tallini,&nbsp;Andres Martin Acosta","doi":"10.1111/his.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Testicular adult granulosa cell tumours (AGCTs) are rare and show several clinical–pathological differences with their ovarian counterparts. In a limited number of prior studies, <i>FOXL2</i> p.Cys134Trp, the hallmark molecular alteration of ovarian AGCT, appeared to be infrequent in testicular AGCTs. However, the number of cases analysed to date is relatively small.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty testicular AGCTs were analysed <i>de novo</i> using two different next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels that cover sex cord-stromal tumour (SCST)–relevant genes, including <i>FOXL2</i>, <i>CTNNB1</i>, <i>FH</i> and <i>DICER1</i>. Among 12 tumours (12/20; 60%) that were sequenced successfully, none harboured <i>FOXL2</i> mutations. Eight tumours (8/12, 66.7%) showed a wild-type (WT) status for all genes assessed with the panels. Three tumours harboured pathogenic or likely pathogenic <i>CTNNB1</i> alterations. One of these exhibited predominant spindle cell morphology, while the other two showed focal tubular architecture. Immunohistochemistry performed in one of these tumours with available material showed β-catenin expression in ~70% of tumor cell nuclei. The remaining AGCTs showed variants of uncertain significance (likely benign) in <i>KIT</i> and <i>MED12</i>. Considering the tumors asseseed in this study and those previously reported in the literature, only 2 of 29 neoplasms classified as testicular AGCTs have shown a <i>FOXL2</i> p.Cys134Trp mutation to date.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study confirms that SCSTs classified as AGCTs differ from their ovarian counterparts in that they largely lack <i>FOXL2</i> mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 4","pages":"831-842"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/his.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apocrine carcinoma of the breast: distinctive metabolic reprogramming and high-frequency PIK3CA mutations revealed by molecular and immunohistochemical analysis","authors":"Harumi Nakamura,&nbsp;Yoji Kukita,&nbsp;Nobuyoshi Kittaka,&nbsp;Hiroki Kusama,&nbsp;Takahiro Nakayama,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Tamaki,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Yoshida,&nbsp;Kei Kunimasa,&nbsp;Fumio Imamura,&nbsp;Toshinari Yagi","doi":"10.1111/his.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Apocrine carcinoma (AC) is a rare and distinct subtype of invasive breast carcinoma, typically characterized by androgen receptor (AR) positivity and negative expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors. This study aimed to clarify the metabolic and molecular characteristics of AC, with a particular focus on protein expression related to lipid metabolism and the frequency and nature of PIK3CA mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed tissue specimens from 40 cases with AC and 59 cases with other breast cancer subtypes (ER+/HER2−, ER+/HER2+, ER−/HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancer [TNBC]). Immunohistochemistry was performed for a panel of lipid metabolism-related proteins including FASN, AMACR, ACOX1, ACSL1 and catalase. mRNA Expression of ACSL1 was assessed by RT-qPCR and PIK3CA mutations were analysed via targeted sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AC showed significantly higher expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis and peroxisomal β-oxidation compared to other subtypes. Notably, ACSL1 was upregulated at both protein and mRNA levels, and catalase was upregulated at the protein level, indicating an increase in peroxisomes. PIK3CA Mutations, particularly the hotspot p.H1047R variant, were detected at a significantly higher frequency in AC (68.4%) compared to the other subtypes: ER+/HER2− (52.6%), ER+/HER2+ (27.3%), ER−/HER2+ (50.0%) and TNBC (33.3%) (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AC is characterized by distinct metabolic reprogramming, with preferential upregulation of peroxisomal β-oxidation rather than mitochondrial pathways. These metabolic features are accompanied by a high prevalence of activating PIK3CA mutations, suggesting a link between genomic alterations and metabolic phenotype. These findings provide new insights into the pathobiology of AC and may assist in its histopathological differentiation from other breast cancer subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 4","pages":"790-809"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testicular mass frozen section examination: Pathological insights and diagnostic accuracy","authors":"Roselyne Choiniere,&nbsp;Willem P A Boellaard,&nbsp;Marij Dinkelman-Smit,&nbsp;Geert J L H van Leenders","doi":"10.1111/his.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Testicular frozen section examination on excisional biopsy (FSEB) is an underused pathological and surgical approach, considering the increasing number of small benign testicular lesions found on radical orchidectomy specimens. This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FSEB and to provide a pathological summary of the most frequent diagnoses and pitfalls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report the pathological findings and definitive outcome of 135 FSEB for small testicular masses performed between 2005 and 2024 in a single institute.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median tumour size was 0.9 cm (Interquartile Range [IQR] 0.5–1.3 cm). The most common FSEB diagnoses were Leydig cell hyperplasia/tumour (<i>n</i> = 37; 28%) and seminoma (<i>n</i> = 36; 27%). On FSEB, benign diagnoses represented 58% of cases which allowed us to avoid 81 unnecessary radical orchidectomies. The sensitivity and specificity of FSEB for malignancy were 100% and 96.3%, respectively. Excluding three indeterminate cases on FSEB, the concordance rate was 97.7% (129/132). On definitive assessment, the majority of cases were benign (84/135, 62%) and 51 (38%) cases were malignant. The three indeterminate cases were ultimately confirmed as benign. There were three false-positive diagnoses of (favoured) malignancy and no false negatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FSEB is accurate for patient management of small testicular lesions, allowing us to save young men from unnecessary radical orchidectomy. We provide an in-depth overview of the most prevalent pathological diagnoses encountered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 4","pages":"843-853"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/his.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acellular mucin pools and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: unveiling hidden aggressiveness in pathological complete response after chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer","authors":"Zhenyu Xu,&nbsp;Heyuan Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaojie Wang,&nbsp;Yongqin Tang,&nbsp;Ying Huang,&nbsp;Pan Chi,&nbsp;Yanwu Sun","doi":"10.1111/his.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) does not eliminate tumor recurrence risk, with distant metastasis remaining a critical challenge. This study aimed to identify novel prognostic factors for risk stratification in pCR patients after nCRT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled 149 LARC patients who achieved pCR between 2016 and 2020. Acellular mucin pools (AMP) were classified by the deepest tissue layer of AMP (A0: absent; A1: within the muscularis propria; A2: exceeding the muscularis propria). The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS); secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and recurrence patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After a median follow-up of 75.3 months, the 5-year OS and DFS rates were 95.3% and 89.9%, respectively. Among 15 recurrence events, all were distant metastases (80% pulmonary). AMP were present in 17.4% (26/149) of patients. Multivariate analysis identified AMP exceeding the muscularis propria (HR = 3.996, 95% CI: 1.073–14.660, <i>P</i> = 0.039), preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) &gt;4.4 (HR = 3.658, 95% CI: 1.304–10.263, <i>P</i> = 0.014) and tumour distance from the anal verge on pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (HR = 0.667, 95% CI: 0.481–0.925, <i>P</i> = 0.015) as independent predictors of distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). A nomogram integrating these factors showed robust discriminative performance for 1-, 3-, and 5-year DMFS (AUC = 0.689, 0.815, 0.795). Meanwhile, AMP exceeding the muscularis propria (HR = 6.632, <i>P</i> = 0.010) and pretreatment MRI-assessed tumour distance from the anal margin (HR = 0.614, <i>P</i> = 0.018) were independent predictors for pulmonary metastasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AMP exceeding the muscularis propria and high pretreatment NLR are complementary prognostic markers that refine risk stratification in pCR patients, enabling personalized surveillance and treatment strategies to improve outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 4","pages":"854-867"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel NOTCH3 alteration expanding the molecular spectrum of pericytic tumours: report of two cases","authors":"Irena Antonia Ungureanu,&nbsp;Megane Le Quang,&nbsp;Rihab Azmani,&nbsp;Marie Ancelle,&nbsp;Henri Margot,&nbsp;Guillaume Chotard,&nbsp;François Le Loarer,&nbsp;Nathalène Truffaux","doi":"10.1111/his.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myofibromas are part of the pericytic tumour family, which includes myopericytomas, glomus tumours and angioleiomyomas. While they typically display benign behaviour when arising in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck, rare aggressive variants have been reported, particularly those with visceral or intracranial involvement. The most frequently identified molecular alterations in myofibromas are <i>PDGFRB</i> gain-of-function mutations, primarily single-nucleotide substitutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Herein, we report two cases of myofibroma: one aggressive case with central nervous system involvement in a newborn, exhibiting a monophasic morphology, and a second, subcutaneous case in an adult. RNA sequencing was performed on both tumours, and data analysis was conducted using a four-pipeline fusion-calling approach (Arriba, FusionCatcher, FusionMap and STAR-Fusion). This analysis identified a novel somatic internal tandem duplication (ITD) in the <i>NOTCH3</i> gene, affecting exons 26 and 27, specifically involving the C-terminal heterodimerization domain of the NOTCH3 receptor. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering demonstrated that myofibromas with ITDs segregate distinctly from conventional myofibromas and other pericytic tumours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that <i>NOTCH3</i> ITDs represent a novel oncogenic mechanism in pericytic tumour pathogenesis, likely driving constitutive activation of the NOTCH signalling pathway. Given the potential therapeutic relevance, particularly in aggressive or life-threatening cases with CNS involvement, our findings highlight the importance of extensive molecular profiling. Targeted therapy with NOTCH inhibitors may represent a promising strategy in the management of aggressive cases of ITD-driven pericytic tumours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 4","pages":"922-927"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/his.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO classification of skin tumours: key updates in the fifth edition","authors":"Gabrielle Goldman-Lévy,&nbsp;Raymond Barnhill,&nbsp;Boris C. Bastian,&nbsp;Werner Kempf,&nbsp;David Elder MB, ChB, FRCPA,&nbsp;Pedram Gerami,&nbsp;Wayne Grayson,&nbsp;Dmitry Kazakov,&nbsp;Daniela Massi,&nbsp;Jane Messina,&nbsp;Arnaud de la Fouchardière,&nbsp;Alexander J. Lazar,&nbsp;Thomas Brenn,&nbsp;Brian Rous,&nbsp;Andrew Field,&nbsp;Anthony Gill,&nbsp;Jennelle C. Hodge,&nbsp;Joseph D Khoury,&nbsp;Katia Leite,&nbsp;Shahin Sayed,&nbsp;Puay Hoon Tan,&nbsp;Rosalie Elenitsas,&nbsp;Eduardo Calonje,&nbsp;Lyn M. Duncan,&nbsp;Liang Zhiyong,&nbsp;Holger Moch,&nbsp;Rajendra Singh,&nbsp;Harshima Wijesinghe,&nbsp;Ian Cree,&nbsp;Dilani Lokuhetty","doi":"10.1111/his.15562","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.15562","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours (WCT) serves as a foundation for global diagnostic standards in tumour pathology. Similar to other volumes in this series, the Skin Tumours (Skin5) edition follows a standardized approach. This edition introduces two new chapters: ‘Tumours of the nail unit’ and ‘Metastases to skin’, along with new entities across relevant chapters. This review article provides an overview of the updates in Skin5 based on currently published evidence, with emphasis on newly introduced chapters and newly described entities that involve the skin, in particular, epidermal, melanocytic and appendageal tumours.</p>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"555-568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12793825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven years as Editor: what I have learned","authors":"Daniel M Berney","doi":"10.1111/his.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/his.70031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"87 6","pages":"787-788"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The validation of histological criteria from the IAIH-PG to distinguish AIH from drug-induced liver injury","authors":"Zikun Ma,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Jimin Liu,&nbsp;Romil Saxena,&nbsp;Zongming Chen,&nbsp;Xuchen Zhang,&nbsp;Hanlin Wang,&nbsp;Mukul Vij,&nbsp;Mina Komuta,&nbsp;Gwyneth Soon,&nbsp;Wei Zheng,&nbsp;Jiping Zhang,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Yongfeng Yang,&nbsp;Xinyan Zhao","doi":"10.1111/his.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To validate the applicability of the new histological criteria for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) proposed by the International AIH Pathology Group (IAIH-PG) among Chinese patients with AIH and drug-induced liver injury (DILI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gold standard for diagnosis relied on clinical response: discontinuing treatment without relapse supported DILI, while relapse or ongoing immunosuppressive treatment confirmed AIH. This two-centre retrospective cohort study included inpatients with DILI or AIH from January 2002 to March 2023. Cases that underwent liver biopsy were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnostic performance of the criteria was assessed by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 69 patients: AIH (41, 59%) and DILI (28, 41%). The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the new histological criteria for likely and possible AIH were 70%, 98% and 29%, respectively, with an AUROC of 0.8236 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7533–0.8938]. For likely AIH, the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 73%, 61% and 89%, respectively, with an AUROC of 0.9177 [95% CI: 0.8757–0.9596]. Moreover, for possible AIH, significant differences were found in serum alanine aminotransferase levels [178.4 (87.0, 435.0) versus 536.5 (206.9, 930.4) U/L] and antinuclear antibody (ANA) ≥1:160 [10 (67%) versus 1 (6%)], as well as in lobular lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate [15 (100%) versus 12 (71%)] and more than mild inflammation [13 (87%)versus 6 (35%)] between AIH and DILI (all <i>P</i> values were &lt;0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The new histological criteria exhibit good diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing AIH from DILI in China, with high AUROC. Key discriminators include low aminotransferase, ANA ≥1:160, lobular lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and more than mild inflammation, which may further improve diagnostic accuracy for AIH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"636-647"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145482105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathologic assessment of resected stage III non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: identification of additional prognostic factors","authors":"Francesca Lunardi,&nbsp;Alessandra Ferro,&nbsp;Luca Vedovelli,&nbsp;Federica Pezzuto,&nbsp;Sofia-Eleni Tzorakoleftheraki,&nbsp;Asuman Kilitci,&nbsp;Yuliia Kuzyk,&nbsp;Simone Zanella,&nbsp;Marco Schiavon,&nbsp;Federico Rea,&nbsp;Giulia Pasello,&nbsp;Fiorella Calabrese","doi":"10.1111/his.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery represent an ideal clinical setting to identify prognostic factors. To date, major pathological response (MPR) and complete pathological response (pCR) have been used as surrogates of NACT response and clinical outcome. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of additional clinico-pathological features, taking advantage of morphometry and artificial intelligence (AI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy stage III NSCLC patients undergoing surgery after NACT were studied. A granular evaluation of histological parameters with morphometrical quantification of the stromal components (fibrosis/inflammation) in addition to the tumour bed analysis (2020 IASLC statement) was carried out in all cases. An AI algorithm of the different immunophenotypes was also applied on immunohistochemistry-stained whole-slide images. A <i>ClinPATH combined score</i> including MPR, baseline blood lymphocytes, perineural invasion, vascular invasion, proliferative index, fibrosis extension percentage and AI-quantified CD4+ cell % was tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MPR and pCR were related to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) but also vascular/perineural/pleural invasion and Ki-67 were useful in stratifying the study population. Concerning the tumour bed stromal components, only morphometrical quantification highlighted the prognostic role of fibrosis and inflammation, particularly when distinguishing CD4+ and FOXP3+ cells, mainly in adenocarcinomas. Interestingly, the combination of the most impactful clinico-pathological parameters in a <i>ClinPATH combined score</i> correlated better with DFS and OS than any individual parameter, including MPR or pCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI-based method can be used to accurately decipher the complexity of tumour bed stromal components, providing extra information for outcome prediction. The combination of different clinico-pathological features could be highly valuable in guiding therapeutic decisions and ultimately improve patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"710-728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12793809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145482040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic impact of blood vessel invasion in infiltrative papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective case–control study","authors":"Ronald A Ghossein,&nbsp;Dibisha Roy,&nbsp;Ashok Shaha,&nbsp;R Michael Tuttle,&nbsp;Bin Xu","doi":"10.1111/his.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/his.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with blood vessel invasion (BVI) is classified as intermediate risk by the American Thyroid Association (ATA). However, no publications have adequately distinguished between encapsulated follicular variant (EFV) of PTC and infiltrative PTC with regard to BVI. Recently, the WHO classification reclassified EFV of PTC, a RAS-like tumour, as a distinct entity from PTC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of BVI in infiltrative PTC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective matched case–control study included 134 cases of infiltrative PTC with BVI and at least 1 year of follow-up. A 1:1 matched control group of 134 infiltrative PTC without BVI, matched for PTC subtype and AJCC stage, was also included. CD31 and D2-40 immunohistochemistry were performed on 195 blocks to distinguish BVI from lymphatic vessel invasion (LI). BVI was defined as a CD31-positive/D2-40-negative endothelium-lined tumour embolus within a vessel wall, whereas LI was defined as a free-floating tumour plug lacking an endothelial lining within a CD31/D2-40-positive vessel. The median follow-up period was 5.3 years. Extensive BVI was the only independent adverse prognostic factor for disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 3.531) on multivariate survival analysis. On univariate analysis, infiltrative PTC with extensive BVI was associated with significantly decreased distant metastasis-free survival compared with those without BVI or with focal BVI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using CD31 and D2-40 as gold standard ancillary tools, we established reliable histologic criteria to differentiate BVI from LI. Extensive BVI is an independent adverse prognostic factor in infiltrative BRAF V600E-like PTC and should therefore be considered in initial risk stratification for infiltrative PTC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13219,"journal":{"name":"Histopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"673-682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145421594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}