Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Global Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection-Associated Gastric Preneoplastic Lesions in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mohammed Awadh Abdun,&nbsp;Lu Xu,&nbsp;Xiao-Ting Li,&nbsp;Amr Mekky,&nbsp;Maher Al Hussan,&nbsp;Ezaldin M. I. Abuheit,&nbsp;Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Ishtiaq Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Miao Yu,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Sohail Sarwar,&nbsp;Bin-Bin Yan,&nbsp;Jia-Bei Xie,&nbsp;Bo-Wei Liu,&nbsp;Song-Ze Ding","doi":"10.1111/hel.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is the major cause of gastric mucosal precancerous lesions in adulthood, but its impact on pediatric patients remains unclear. We aimed to investigate <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastric precancerous lesions in children and adolescents globally and analyze their influencing factors for related disease management and prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a comprehensive literature search in major databases to identify studies including pediatric patients with gastric precancerous lesions and <i>H. pylori</i> infection status. Prevalence rates were computed using random-effects or fixed-effect models. A stratified analysis was conducted based on location, age, universal health coverage (UHC), and publication time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 3359 relevant articles screened, 24 studies (7036 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of precancerous lesions in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients was 17.2%, in which atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) were 13.5% and 3.6%, respectively. Precancerous lesion rates in infected individuals across different regions were as follows: Africa at 33.8% (AG: 32.6%), Latin America at 22.1% (AG: 17.9%, IM: 4.0%), Asia at 18.1% (AG: 12.4%, IM: 4.4%, Dysplasia: 1.2%), and Europe at 6.3% (AG: 4.3%, IM: 1.7%). Infected adolescents (&gt; 10 years) exhibited a higher prevalence of precancerous lesions than younger children (≤ 10 years) at 14.2% (AG: 9.7%, IM: 2.9%) versus 3.4% (AG: 2.3%, IM: 1.1%), respectively. The prevalence of precancerous lesions in infected patients was higher in areas with low-medium UHC compared with high UHC (24.0% vs. 12.5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>H. pylori</i> infection causes significant gastric mucosal precancerous lesions in pediatric patients, representing a major concern for this population and a previously neglected area. Future in-depth investigations and proper management for related disease prevention are warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p> PROSPERO number: CRD42023424683</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gastric Microbiota Invade the Lamina Propria in Helicobacter pylori-Associated Gastritis and Precancer","authors":"Harriet J. Giddings,&nbsp;Ana Teodósio,&nbsp;Jordanne Jones,&nbsp;Jack L. McMurray,&nbsp;Kelly Hunter,&nbsp;Riad Alame,&nbsp;Isaac Gardiner,&nbsp;Zainab Abdawn,&nbsp;William Butterworth,&nbsp;Ian R. Henderson,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Cole,&nbsp;Claire D. Shannon-Lowe,&nbsp;Amanda E. Rossiter-Pearson","doi":"10.1111/hel.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stomach cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is the main risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), yet the precise mechanism underpinning this association remains controversial. Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) represents the precancerous stage and follows <i>H. pylori-</i>associated chronic gastritis (CG). Sequencing studies have revealed fewer <i>H. pylori</i> and more non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria in GAC. However, the spatial organization of the gastric microbiota in health and disease is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we have combined RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to detect <i>H. pylori,</i> non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria, and host cell markers (E-cadherin, Mucins 5AC and 2) on tissue sections from patients with CG (<i>n</i> = 15) and GIM (<i>n</i> = 17).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative analysis of whole slide scans revealed significant correlations of <i>H. pylori</i> and other bacteria in CG and GIM. In contrast to sequencing studies, significantly fewer non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria were detected in <i>H. pylori-</i>negative patients. Importantly, whilst <i>H. pylori</i> exclusively colonized the gastric glands, non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria invaded the lamina propria in 6/9 CG and 8/10 GIM <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients. A rapid and cost-effective modified Gram stain was used to confirm these findings and enabled detection of non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria in GIM samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The invasion of the gastric lamina propria by non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria during <i>H. pylori-</i>associated CG and GIM represents an overlooked phenomenon in cancer progression. Further work must determine the mechanisms underlying the synergistic roles of <i>H. pylori</i> and other bacteria in carcinogenesis. This observation should redirect attempts to prevent, diagnose, and treat GAC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebound of Reflux-Related Symptoms After Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Prospective Randomized Study","authors":"Kai-Yu Hu,&nbsp;Ping-Huei Tseng,&nbsp;Jyh-Ming Liou,&nbsp;Chia-Hung Tu,&nbsp;Chien-Chuan Chen,&nbsp;Yi-Chia Lee,&nbsp;Han-Mo Chiu,&nbsp;Ming-Shiang Wu","doi":"10.1111/hel.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to assess the effects of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) eradication on the rebound of reflux-related symptoms among gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective randomized study recruited patients with typical reflux symptoms and reflux esophagitis on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (NCT02934152). Patients positive for <i>H. pylori</i> via a urea breath test (UBT) were randomly assigned to receive bacterial eradication with triple therapy for 2 weeks either before or after proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment for 4 weeks. Follow-up was implemented with serial GerdQ evaluation and a subsequent UBT. The primary outcome was the incidence rates of symptom rebound between patients with and without <i>H. pylori</i> infection. The secondary outcomes included the severity of symptom rebound, incidence rates of symptom rebound, and successful eradication rates between the early and late eradication groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 248 patients were enrolled, of whom 107 (43.1%) tested positive for <i>H. pylori</i> infection. All patients with and without concurrent <i>H. pylori</i> infection had significant symptom improvement over the entire treatment. Patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection had significantly lower rates of symptom rebound (19.8% vs. 34.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.034) and rebound severity (1.8 ± 0.7 vs. 2.8 ± 1.6, <i>p</i> = 0.031) 4 weeks after eradication and PPI treatment than those without. The incidence rates of symptom rebound and successful eradication rates were not significantly different between the early and late eradication groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GERD patients with concurrent <i>H. pylori</i> infection were less susceptible to symptom rebound after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication compared to those without.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT02934152)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vonoprazan-Amoxicillin Dual Therapy Versus Drug Sensitivity-Based Individualized Therapy as a Rescue Regimen for Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Yu-xiang Liu,&nbsp;Han-ning Liu,&nbsp;Heng-qi Liu,&nbsp;Ying-ying Yang,&nbsp;Hong-li Cui,&nbsp;Li-lin Fan,&nbsp;Wen-jing Sun,&nbsp;Hao Mei,&nbsp;Xing-wei Wang,&nbsp;Guo Yan,&nbsp;Chun-hui Lan","doi":"10.1111/hel.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vonoprazan is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) that offers several advantages, such as fast onset time and strong acid inhibition, in the treatment of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, adverse reactions, and compliance of the 14-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy versus drug sensitivity-based individualized therapy in the retreatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled non-inferiority study enrolled 240 adult patients who previously failed anti-<i>H. pylori</i> treatment. These patients were randomly assigned to receive the 14-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy or drug sensitivity-based individualized therapy. The primary outcome was the eradication rate, and the secondary outcomes mainly included adverse events, patient compliance, antibiotic resistance rates, and risk factors that affected the eradication rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses revealed that the eradication rates for the vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy and drug sensitivity-based individualized therapy were comparably high, with rates of 87.50% and 83.33%, respectively. Furthermore, the vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy fulfilled the criteria for the non-inferiority test, when compared to individualized therapy. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy group. Both groups showed similarly good compliance and comparable rates of antibiotic resistance. The previous treatment with a clarithromycin-containing regimen was identified as an independent risk factor for clarithromycin resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 14-day vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy exhibits high eradication rates and low incidence of adverse reactions in retreated patients, indicating its effectiveness and safety as a rescue regimen for patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Accuracy of Melting Curve–Based Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin in Stool Specimens","authors":"Youhua Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoling Gong,&nbsp;Qirui Lai,&nbsp;Hui Fang,&nbsp;Xiyin Yang,&nbsp;Xuan Li,&nbsp;Dong Sheng Liu,&nbsp;Yong Xie","doi":"10.1111/hel.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluates the accuracy of melting curve–based multiplex real-time PCR (multiplex rt-PCR) on stool samples for diagnosing antibiotic resistance in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) compared to E-test and sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric biopsies and stool samples were collected from 385 <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients. A total of 325 strains were isolated, and genomic DNA was extracted from all 385 stool samples. E-tests were conducted to detect phenotypic resistance for clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Sanger sequencing and multiplex rt-PCR were employed to identify <i>H. pylori</i> 23S rRNA and GyrA mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>E-test results indicated that 203 (62.5%) were susceptible to both clarithromycin and levofloxacin, 33 (10.2%) exhibited mono-resistance to clarithromycin, 48 (14.8%) showed mono-resistance to levofloxacin, and 41 (12.6%) had dual resistance to both antibiotics. Compared to E-test results, the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex rt-PCR method for detecting clarithromycin resistance mutation were 93.2 (95% CI 84.3–97.5) and 87.1% (95% CI 82.2–90.9), respectively. For levofloxacin resistance mutation, the multiplex rt-PCR method showed a sensitivity of 80.7 (95% CI 70.3–88.3) and a specificity of 93.0% (95% CI 88.7–95.8). Compared to Sanger sequencing, the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex rt-PCR method for detecting clarithromycin resistance mutation were 95.8 (95% CI 90.0–98.4) and 96.0% (95% CI 92.6–98.0), respectively. For levofloxacin resistance mutation, the multiplex rt-PCR method showed a sensitivity of 91.3% (95% CI, 83.1–95.9) and a specificity of 96.1% (95% CI, 92.7–98.0).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genotypic methods, including Sanger sequencing and multiplex rt-PCR, were rapid and reliable for diagnosing clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance in the stool samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation the Results of Eradicating Helicobacter pylori Infection Causing Colorectal Cancer Could Be Cautious","authors":"Lo-Yip Yu,&nbsp;Yang-Che Kuo,&nbsp;Ying-Chun Lin,&nbsp;Kuang-Chun Hu","doi":"10.1111/hel.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Tailored Bismuth Quadruple Therapies (With Clarithromycin or Furazolidone) Based on Fecal Molecular Susceptibility Testing in First-Line Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment More Effective? A Three-Arm, Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Zhengchen Yu,&nbsp;Xiaochen Liu,&nbsp;Jincheng Qiao,&nbsp;Wenjuan Shen,&nbsp;Xingwei Mao,&nbsp;Guochun Lou,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Ziming Xie,&nbsp;Jun Ye","doi":"10.1111/hel.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rising antimicrobial resistance has significantly challenged the eradication rates of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Due to its invasive nature, susceptibility testing based on endoscopic biopsy is controversial, while few studies have focused on the efficacy of tailored bismuth quadruple therapies (BQT) based on fecal susceptibility testing as a first-line treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter study, 598 <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients without previous eradication treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: empirical BQT, BQT-tailored based on the history of clarithromycin use and tailored based on fecal molecular susceptibility testing where furazolidone was substituted for clarithromycin when there was clinical or laboratory evidence of clarithromycin resistance. This study defines BQT as regimens comprising rabeprazole, colloidal bismuth, amoxicillin, and one additional antibiotic (furazolidone or clarithromycin). The study assessed eradication rates using intention-to-treat (ITT), modified intention-to-treat (mITT), and per-protocol (PP) analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The eradication rates of three groups were 82.00%, 80.90%, and 87.44% in the ITT analysis; 82.41%, 83.42%, and 89.23% in the mITT analysis; and 85.86%, 87.50%, and 94.57% in the PP analysis, respectively. Tailored BQT based on fecal susceptibility testing was not inferior to empirical BQT (all <i>p</i> values for noninferiority &lt; 0.001) and demonstrated greater efficacy in the PP analysis (difference [95% CI]: 7.07% [0.90%, 13.25%]). The incidence of adverse events and treatment compliance did not differ significantly among the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tailored BQT based on fecal susceptibility testing is an effective regimen for <i>H. pylori</i> eradication, with no increase in adverse events or treatment noncompliance compared with empirical BQT. Therefore, we recommend tailored BQT based on fecal susceptibility testing as a first-line treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EudraCT number: NCT05718609; ClinicalTrials.gov</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance Detection: From Culture-Based to Multi-Omics-Based Technologies","authors":"Zupeng Kuang,&nbsp;Yuwei Wu,&nbsp;Xinqiang Xie,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhao,&nbsp;Huiyuan Chen,&nbsp;Lei Wu,&nbsp;He Gao,&nbsp;Hui Zhao,&nbsp;Tingting Liang,&nbsp;Jumei Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Qingping Wu","doi":"10.1111/hel.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>), a proven carcinogenic microbe, necessitates antimicrobial treatment once infected. However, <i>H. pylori</i> worldwide currently faces serious antibiotic resistance (AMR), requiring infected patients to undergo antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) to guide therapy. Currently, the recommended ASTs for <i>H. pylori</i> are culture-based methods, which are time-consuming, complicated, and expensive, impeding their widespread application. With in-depth researches on the AMR mechanisms of <i>H. pylori</i>, specific gene mutations and novel proteins have been confirmed as the cause of AMR and can serve as targets of ASTs. Accordingly, molecular biology detection has been developed and tremendously shortened the time and reduced difficulty of AST. However, these assays still struggle to meet the enormous testing demand and need for even faster, simpler, and more accurate methods. In recent years, researchers have developed various new platforms based on biosensors, transcriptomics, proteomics, and single-cell analysis. This review introduces the AMR mechanisms of <i>H. pylori</i> and summarizes the current ASTs from the working principles to application characteristics. Additionally, we draw attention to the potentially applicable techniques for AST of <i>H. pylori</i> from DNA, RNA, protein, and cell perspectives. By systematically recapitulating the past, present, and future of AST for <i>H. pylori</i>, this review provides valuable insights for developing novel assays.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement in Helicobacter pylori Eradication Among Adults Receiving Semaglutide: A Population-Based Propensity-Score-Adjusted Analysis","authors":"Asaf Ness,&nbsp;Zohar Levi,&nbsp;Rachel Gingold Belfer,&nbsp;Ram Dickman,&nbsp;Doron Boltin","doi":"10.1111/hel.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists delay gastric emptying and are used for the treatment of diabetes (DM) and obesity. Successful treatment of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection depends upon a precise dosing schedule. We aimed to examine the impact of GLP-1 drugs on antibiotic treatment for <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults with a new diagnosis of <i>H. pylori</i> infection who received treatment between 2014 and 2023 were identified in the Clalit Health Services database. Subjects were divided into groups based on diagnoses of DM and obesity, and exposure to GLP-1 drugs. A 1:2 propensity-score matched dataset was used to determine the effect of GLP-1 drugs on eradication success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 426 individuals who received, and 36,436 who did not receive GLP-1 drugs. Eradication among those who did and did not receive GLP-1 drugs was 86.6% and 83.7%, respectively (<i>p =</i> 0.059 across subgroups). Eradication among those who received semaglutide was 93.8% (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.32–5.83, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Eradication in subjects who received dulaglutide (88.6%) or liraglutide (81.4%) was not significantly changed. When applying a propensity-score-adjusted analysis, eradication remained significantly increased among individuals who received semaglutide (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.24–6.74, <i>p</i> = 0.014). Additional independent predictors of successful eradication included male sex, high socioeconomic status, quadruple therapy, and older age (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.001 for all).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co-administration of semaglutide and antibiotics for <i>H. pylori</i> infection is associated with an increased likelihood of successful eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Rifabutin-Based Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regimen in Korea With High Prevalence of Tuberculosis Infection","authors":"Yuri Kim,&nbsp;Jeong Hoon Lee,&nbsp;Hee Kyong Na,&nbsp;Kee Wook Jung,&nbsp;Ji Yong Ahn,&nbsp;Do Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Kee Don Choi,&nbsp;Ho June Song,&nbsp;Gin Hyug Lee,&nbsp;Hwoon-Yong Jung","doi":"10.1111/hel.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As the antibiotic resistance and treatment failure rates of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> are rising, the need for rescue therapy with rifabutin for <i>H. pylori</i> eradication (HPE) is also increasing. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the efficacy, resistance status, and adverse events in patients receiving rifabutin-based HPE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between January 2020 and December 2022, 3006 patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with <i>H. pylori</i> culture tests. Of these, culture results were successfully obtained from 1792 patients, who were subsequently enrolled in our study. The medical records of these patients were retrospectively reviewed, and their clinical features and outcomes assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 1792 patients, 14 (0.8%) were rifabutin-resistant. A total of 665 (37.1%) patients had multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>H. pylori</i> infections. Patients with rifabutin-resistant <i>H. pylori</i> infections had a significantly higher rate of tuberculosis treatment history (2.8% vs. 28.6%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and MDR <i>H. pylori</i> infections (49.6% vs. 85.7%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) than those in the rifabutin-susceptible <i>H. pylori</i> group. Among the 45 patients who received the rifabutin-based HPE regimen, 44 (97.8%) had MDR <i>H. pylori</i> infection, and 35 (77.8%) underwent rifabutin-based HPE as a third-line treatment or beyond. A total of 31 (68.9%) showed successful eradication. Nineteen (42.2%) patients experienced at least one symptom of adverse events; however, the severity of side effects was mild, and no patient discontinued treatment because of this.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rifabutin-based HPE regimen could be an effective and safe treatment method. It is particularly considered a viable therapeutic option for patients who require HPE but have previously failed to respond to multiple HPEs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}