Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.025
None Srijith, None Rajakumar S, Santhosh C Siddappa
Hornets are widely distributed in India, and their stings manifest from non-specific skin lesions to fatal complications as a result of a myriad of proteins in the venom. We report a case of a 52-year-old man who was attacked by a swarm of hornets and succumbed four hours later in rural Davangere district. Forty sting marks were noted on autopsy. Histopathology revealed histiocytic infiltration surrounding sting marks and laryngeal subepithelial oedema. The cause of death was opined to be laryngeal oedema following anaphylaxis. We conclude that a focus on preventive strategies, public awareness programmes, and providing protective gear to the vulnerable is vital.
{"title":"Stirring the hornet’s nest","authors":"None Srijith, None Rajakumar S, Santhosh C Siddappa","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"Hornets are widely distributed in India, and their stings manifest from non-specific skin lesions to fatal complications as a result of a myriad of proteins in the venom. We report a case of a 52-year-old man who was attacked by a swarm of hornets and succumbed four hours later in rural Davangere district. Forty sting marks were noted on autopsy. Histopathology revealed histiocytic infiltration surrounding sting marks and laryngeal subepithelial oedema. The cause of death was opined to be laryngeal oedema following anaphylaxis. We conclude that a focus on preventive strategies, public awareness programmes, and providing protective gear to the vulnerable is vital.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.024
Manishi Shriwas, Vaishali Sinha, Dinesh Sharma
A poison is a substance which when administrated, inhaled or ingested is capable of causing deleterious effect on the human body. The circumstances may be suicidal, homicidal or accidental. A suicidal poison of choice must be cheap, easily available and capable of being administered is any food or drink. It must have pleasant taste and no repulsive smell. The action of poison may be local, remote, combined and general. The preparations of iron salt, which are largely used in medicine are mostly prepared from sulphate, carbonate and perchloride of iron. When these salt are administered in large doses, they produce poisonous symptoms and may even cause hemosiderosis as a manifestation of chronic poisoning. Iron sulphate (ferrous Sulphate, FeSo4) is commercially known as green vitriol of sulphate. It forms green, efflorescence monosymmetric crystals on exposure to the atmosphere. It is freely soluble in water. It is used in making blue ink and dyes, but sometimes as a pesticide. In this case study, we'll talk about a woman who died after consuming an corrosive drug at home. For medico-legal purposes, it was critical to correlate autopsy results with medical care records and the place of the incident.
{"title":"A rare cases of ferrous sulphate poisoning- A case study","authors":"Manishi Shriwas, Vaishali Sinha, Dinesh Sharma","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"A poison is a substance which when administrated, inhaled or ingested is capable of causing deleterious effect on the human body. The circumstances may be suicidal, homicidal or accidental. A suicidal poison of choice must be cheap, easily available and capable of being administered is any food or drink. It must have pleasant taste and no repulsive smell. The action of poison may be local, remote, combined and general. The preparations of iron salt, which are largely used in medicine are mostly prepared from sulphate, carbonate and perchloride of iron. When these salt are administered in large doses, they produce poisonous symptoms and may even cause hemosiderosis as a manifestation of chronic poisoning. Iron sulphate (ferrous Sulphate, FeSo4) is commercially known as green vitriol of sulphate. It forms green, efflorescence monosymmetric crystals on exposure to the atmosphere. It is freely soluble in water. It is used in making blue ink and dyes, but sometimes as a pesticide. In this case study, we'll talk about a woman who died after consuming an corrosive drug at home. For medico-legal purposes, it was critical to correlate autopsy results with medical care records and the place of the incident.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.019
Hanitha Rajasekar
Work life balance among self-dependent pregnant women; challenges and solutions - IJFCM- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6768 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6776 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.019, Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine-Indian J Forensic Community Med
自立孕妇工作与生活的平衡IJFCM- Print ISSN No:- 2394-6768 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6776文章DOI:- 10.18231/ j.j IJFCM .2023.019, Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine-Indian J Forensic Community Med
{"title":"Work life balance among self-dependent pregnant women; challenges and solutions","authors":"Hanitha Rajasekar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"Work life balance among self-dependent pregnant women; challenges and solutions - IJFCM- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6768 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6776 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.019, Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine-Indian J Forensic Community Med","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.018
Shiv Kumar Yadav
Recent reforms in competency-based medical education in India - IJFCM- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6768 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6776 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.018, Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine-Indian J Forensic Community Med
{"title":"Recent reforms in competency-based medical education in India ","authors":"Shiv Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.018","url":null,"abstract":"Recent reforms in competency-based medical education in India - IJFCM- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6768 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6776 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.018, Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine-Indian J Forensic Community Med","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.023
Prabhjeet Kaur, Manish Kumar Goel, J. G Prasuna
Apart from the impact on mortality rates, CVDs often present as chronic conditions, adding to the stress of caregiving to their caregivers. Males and females cope differently with the stressors in general. In this study, we aim to investigate the gender-based variations in coping strategies among primary caregivers of individuals with CVD. : A sample size of 384 households was selected using systematic random sampling for the study and household was the primary sampling unit. The information was collected regarding the stressors and various coping strategies utilized by primary caregivers to navigate different stressors. Out of the total 384 caregivers, stressors were found in 347 caregivers who were then studied for coping strategies. Among primary caregivers, the proportion of women (58%) was more than men (42%)Planful problem-solving (85.9%) was found to be the most commonly preferred coping strategy among both genders, with no significant association. Among other problem-oriented coping strategies, men caregivers reported using confrontive coping more frequently. While assessing emotion-focused coping strategies, Accepting responsibility (77.5%), Self-controlling (68.9%), Positive appraisal strategy (61.4%) and Distancing (36.3%) were found more likely to be adopted by women. Seeking social support (69%), both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies were found more among women caregivers. By implementing gender-sensitive approaches, we can better support caregivers and help them navigate the challenges of caregiving for individuals with cardiovascular diseases.
{"title":"A community-based cross-sectional study on stressors and gender differences in coping strategies among primary caregivers of cardiovascular disease in the capital city of India, New Delhi","authors":"Prabhjeet Kaur, Manish Kumar Goel, J. G Prasuna","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"Apart from the impact on mortality rates, CVDs often present as chronic conditions, adding to the stress of caregiving to their caregivers. Males and females cope differently with the stressors in general. In this study, we aim to investigate the gender-based variations in coping strategies among primary caregivers of individuals with CVD. : A sample size of 384 households was selected using systematic random sampling for the study and household was the primary sampling unit. The information was collected regarding the stressors and various coping strategies utilized by primary caregivers to navigate different stressors. Out of the total 384 caregivers, stressors were found in 347 caregivers who were then studied for coping strategies. Among primary caregivers, the proportion of women (58%) was more than men (42%)Planful problem-solving (85.9%) was found to be the most commonly preferred coping strategy among both genders, with no significant association. Among other problem-oriented coping strategies, men caregivers reported using confrontive coping more frequently. While assessing emotion-focused coping strategies, Accepting responsibility (77.5%), Self-controlling (68.9%), Positive appraisal strategy (61.4%) and Distancing (36.3%) were found more likely to be adopted by women. Seeking social support (69%), both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies were found more among women caregivers. By implementing gender-sensitive approaches, we can better support caregivers and help them navigate the challenges of caregiving for individuals with cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135760342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.013
Nivin George, S. Devassy
Hanging is a quick and very effective method used to commit suicide. The ligature material used for hanging is one of the important factors that determine the type of ligature mark or the pressure abrasion. The study was carried out at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Govt. Medical College in Thiruvananthapuram. The demographic characteristics of victims of hanging and strangulation as well as medico-legal findings in such situations were the key variables of the study. There were total 75 asphyxial fatalities, out of which 70 were caused by hanging and 5 by strangulation, were examined. According to the study's findings, men and young people between the ages of 21 and 40 are more likely to die violently from asphyxia. Suicidal hanging was a prevalent method among the unemployed. In the married group, hanging and strangulation deaths are more common. In most cases, a current psychological issue was the cause of suicide. Ligature marks from hanging were usually clearly defined, higher than the thyroid cartilage, discontinuous, and free of internal neck injuries.
{"title":"Socio-demographic and medico-legal study of hanging and strangulation deaths in South Kerala","authors":"Nivin George, S. Devassy","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.013","url":null,"abstract":"Hanging is a quick and very effective method used to commit suicide. The ligature material used for hanging is one of the important factors that determine the type of ligature mark or the pressure abrasion. The study was carried out at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Govt. Medical College in Thiruvananthapuram. The demographic characteristics of victims of hanging and strangulation as well as medico-legal findings in such situations were the key variables of the study. There were total 75 asphyxial fatalities, out of which 70 were caused by hanging and 5 by strangulation, were examined. According to the study's findings, men and young people between the ages of 21 and 40 are more likely to die violently from asphyxia. Suicidal hanging was a prevalent method among the unemployed. In the married group, hanging and strangulation deaths are more common. In most cases, a current psychological issue was the cause of suicide. Ligature marks from hanging were usually clearly defined, higher than the thyroid cartilage, discontinuous, and free of internal neck injuries.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74978050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.016
A. Abhay, Anil Shandil, K. Ranjan, Dilesh Kumar, Irfan Ali, Suresh Kumar
The study is of ingestion of corrosive substances and its medico-legal aspects. Corrosive refers to any chemicals (strong acids and alkalis) that dissolve and destroy the structure of an object. Corrosives corrode and damage the tissue on contact. In dilute form it acts as an irritant. Strong acid reacts violently with water and generates heat and fire. In our study, corrosive acid ingestion and its deteriorating & devastating effects ranging from signs, symptoms and internal damage leading to death have been analyzed. Here we discuss a case of an adolescent girl who ingested a corrosive substance at home, was rushed to hospital in a gasping stage where resuscitated treated and finally succumbed to death. Correlating the autopsy findings, medical treatment records and the scene of incidence was crucial to determine medico-legal aspects.
{"title":"An autopsy based study of corrosive acid poisoning and its medico-legal aspects – A case report","authors":"A. Abhay, Anil Shandil, K. Ranjan, Dilesh Kumar, Irfan Ali, Suresh Kumar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.016","url":null,"abstract":"The study is of ingestion of corrosive substances and its medico-legal aspects. Corrosive refers to any chemicals (strong acids and alkalis) that dissolve and destroy the structure of an object. Corrosives corrode and damage the tissue on contact. In dilute form it acts as an irritant. Strong acid reacts violently with water and generates heat and fire. In our study, corrosive acid ingestion and its deteriorating & devastating effects ranging from signs, symptoms and internal damage leading to death have been analyzed. Here we discuss a case of an adolescent girl who ingested a corrosive substance at home, was rushed to hospital in a gasping stage where resuscitated treated and finally succumbed to death. Correlating the autopsy findings, medical treatment records and the scene of incidence was crucial to determine medico-legal aspects.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79198339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.017
Shifana Ayoub, R. Raja
Socioeconomic status SES is one of the most important indicators to consider when assessing a family's health and nutritional status. It is a position that any person can achieve within a hierarchical social framework. Academicians and medical researchers have made several attempts in the past to create a collection of composite indices to assess an individual's or a family's socioeconomic status (SES) whether they reside in a rural or urban location. The Hollingshead, Nakao, and Treas, Blishen, Carroll, and Moore, Tiwari, Kumar, and Agarwal, Jalota, and Kuppuswamy scales are a few of the notable scales. The scales have several factors that account for information about a person or a family. Among all the SES, the most widely used scale in India is ‘The Modified Kuppuswamy SES’. Based on the total score of the Kuppuswamy scale, which ranges from 3-29, families are categorized into five classes, from upper class to lower class. Owing to constraints, the Kuppuswamy SES requires frequent updates for income levels that are dependent on shifting consumer price index (CPI) values, making the scale susceptible to changes over time. This paper aims to update and provide an “Updated Modified Kuppuswamy SES" for the year 2023.
{"title":"Economic parameter of modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic status scale for the year 2023","authors":"Shifana Ayoub, R. Raja","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.017","url":null,"abstract":"Socioeconomic status SES is one of the most important indicators to consider when assessing a family's health and nutritional status. It is a position that any person can achieve within a hierarchical social framework. Academicians and medical researchers have made several attempts in the past to create a collection of composite indices to assess an individual's or a family's socioeconomic status (SES) whether they reside in a rural or urban location. The Hollingshead, Nakao, and Treas, Blishen, Carroll, and Moore, Tiwari, Kumar, and Agarwal, Jalota, and Kuppuswamy scales are a few of the notable scales. The scales have several factors that account for information about a person or a family. Among all the SES, the most widely used scale in India is ‘The Modified Kuppuswamy SES’. Based on the total score of the Kuppuswamy scale, which ranges from 3-29, families are categorized into five classes, from upper class to lower class. Owing to constraints, the Kuppuswamy SES requires frequent updates for income levels that are dependent on shifting consumer price index (CPI) values, making the scale susceptible to changes over time. This paper aims to update and provide an “Updated Modified Kuppuswamy SES\" for the year 2023.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83688450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.010
P. Singh
{"title":"Building community capabilities to mitigate and respond to public health emergencies due to climate change","authors":"P. Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90319497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.015
Laavanya Venati, A. Vora
To give the judicial system relevant information, forensic science collects, examines, and applies scientific data. Pharmacy fills a forensic niche. The majority of pharmacists moonlight or work in forensics part-time in their day jobs. A person with expertise in pharmacology has professional knowledge and practical experience in the fields of therapeutics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology in addition to having been exposed to areas like forensic medicine during medical school. All of these knowledge areas can be used in forensic scenarios and serve as an interface. A forensic pharmacologist's training and experience can be beneficial in a wide range of legal issues. The development and integration of forensic pharmacologists in the Indian legal system are urgently required due to the country's rising frequency of criminal and civil cases. A substantial technological improvement in pharmacology research has allowed it to broaden its use beyond the field of medicines, allowing Indian pharmacologists to study the specialized field of forensic pharmacology. The many facets of forensic pharmacology include the different pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs in living and dead people, drug interactions, drug abuse, personal injury or death brought on by drug exposure resulting in medico-legal issues, environmental chemical exposure, doping, and forensic pharmacovigilance. Forensic pharmacologists have shown to be invaluable assets in a variety of criminal and civil cases across various nations. They use their pharmacological expertise in civil and legal matters, such as settling disputes, the drug approval process, and the criminal justice system. The role of thorough investigation in determining the cause of death in crime scenes with positive drug screens has been demonstrated via several research papers and case studies. Even the general public is aware of the importance of forensic sciences in the legal system of justice.
{"title":"Indian forensic pharmacovigilance: status quo","authors":"Laavanya Venati, A. Vora","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2023.015","url":null,"abstract":"To give the judicial system relevant information, forensic science collects, examines, and applies scientific data. Pharmacy fills a forensic niche. The majority of pharmacists moonlight or work in forensics part-time in their day jobs. A person with expertise in pharmacology has professional knowledge and practical experience in the fields of therapeutics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology in addition to having been exposed to areas like forensic medicine during medical school. All of these knowledge areas can be used in forensic scenarios and serve as an interface. A forensic pharmacologist's training and experience can be beneficial in a wide range of legal issues. The development and integration of forensic pharmacologists in the Indian legal system are urgently required due to the country's rising frequency of criminal and civil cases. A substantial technological improvement in pharmacology research has allowed it to broaden its use beyond the field of medicines, allowing Indian pharmacologists to study the specialized field of forensic pharmacology. The many facets of forensic pharmacology include the different pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs in living and dead people, drug interactions, drug abuse, personal injury or death brought on by drug exposure resulting in medico-legal issues, environmental chemical exposure, doping, and forensic pharmacovigilance. Forensic pharmacologists have shown to be invaluable assets in a variety of criminal and civil cases across various nations. They use their pharmacological expertise in civil and legal matters, such as settling disputes, the drug approval process, and the criminal justice system. The role of thorough investigation in determining the cause of death in crime scenes with positive drug screens has been demonstrated via several research papers and case studies. Even the general public is aware of the importance of forensic sciences in the legal system of justice.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76867371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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