Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.037
Priyanka Verma, A. Verma, Ankur Verma, Surbhi
Thallium poisoning is considered rare among all heavy metals. They are banned in view of their criminal use as an homicidal agent and a potential threat to environment. Their illegal use are still under practice and reported from time to time. We report two cases presented with similar manifestations i.e., gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral neuropathy and alopecia which are characteristic of thallium toxicity which was later confirmed biochemically in blood and urine specimen. They were both treated successfully with activated charcoal, potassium chloride and hemodialysis.
{"title":"Thallium in rodenticide- banned or not..!!!- Two case reports","authors":"Priyanka Verma, A. Verma, Ankur Verma, Surbhi","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.037","url":null,"abstract":"Thallium poisoning is considered rare among all heavy metals. They are banned in view of their criminal use as an homicidal agent and a potential threat to environment. Their illegal use are still under practice and reported from time to time. We report two cases presented with similar manifestations i.e., gastrointestinal symptoms, peripheral neuropathy and alopecia which are characteristic of thallium toxicity which was later confirmed biochemically in blood and urine specimen. They were both treated successfully with activated charcoal, potassium chloride and hemodialysis.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74545775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.036
Surender Kumar, Sonali Singh, Nitika Bhardwaj
Diatoms are photosynthetic algae; having a siliceous cell wall known as ‘frustule’. They are abundantly found in every aquatic and terrestrial environment including both fresh and marine water. They are cosmopolitan in nature as these microalgal species are also capable of growing on moist substrates like soil and bark of a plant. The growth of diatoms is very specific to the environmental conditions of a place due to which they are regarded as principal indicators of ecological status of the ecosystem. In forensics also, they play a crucial role in determining the mode and manner of death in cases of drowning. These small entities act as supportive evidence to detect the type of drowning; whether the death of a victim was due to antemortem or postmortem drowning. The diatomological mapping (D-mapping) of water bodies is an essential feature to generate a systematic record of diatom diversity present at a particular site of an aquatic body. The aim of our study is to conduct D-mapping of several regions of Delhi in order to generate a systematic record of diatoms present therein. The results of our study showed about 20 diatom species, some of them were commonly present at all sites, whereas few among them were site specific. The diatom database generated from D-mapping of water bodies can be used as a reference by the forensic pathologists while solving drowning cases, if any, from these aquatic bodies.
{"title":"Diatomological mapping of water bodies of Delhi region for forensic consideration","authors":"Surender Kumar, Sonali Singh, Nitika Bhardwaj","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.036","url":null,"abstract":"Diatoms are photosynthetic algae; having a siliceous cell wall known as ‘frustule’. They are abundantly found in every aquatic and terrestrial environment including both fresh and marine water. They are cosmopolitan in nature as these microalgal species are also capable of growing on moist substrates like soil and bark of a plant. The growth of diatoms is very specific to the environmental conditions of a place due to which they are regarded as principal indicators of ecological status of the ecosystem. In forensics also, they play a crucial role in determining the mode and manner of death in cases of drowning. These small entities act as supportive evidence to detect the type of drowning; whether the death of a victim was due to antemortem or postmortem drowning. The diatomological mapping (D-mapping) of water bodies is an essential feature to generate a systematic record of diatom diversity present at a particular site of an aquatic body. The aim of our study is to conduct D-mapping of several regions of Delhi in order to generate a systematic record of diatoms present therein. The results of our study showed about 20 diatom species, some of them were commonly present at all sites, whereas few among them were site specific. The diatom database generated from D-mapping of water bodies can be used as a reference by the forensic pathologists while solving drowning cases, if any, from these aquatic bodies.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76405591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.026
P. T. Nandimath, Suma N Sheelavantar, A. B. Kanjarpane
Consanguineous marriages are more common in south India primarily because of social and cultural factors. Possibility of a child of consanguineous married couple, suffering from genetic diseases, congenital deformities and auto recessive disorder is more than offspring of non-consanguineous married couple. Consanguineous marriages are more prevalent in rural area because of lack of awareness about consequences. Hence the aim of the study was to educate adolescents regarding consanguineous marriage and its consequences and also to assess their knowledge before and after the intervention. Interventional cross-sectional study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires to assess the knowledge before and after the intervention. Complete enumeration of the students studying in selected schools was done. Lecture method was used with power point presentation to educate the children. Immediate post-test and after two months of intervention follow up test was conducted to assess the retained knowledge. Total 121 students participated in the study. Initially the students had no knowledge about consanguineous marriage and its effect on pregnancy outcome. Increase in knowledge was found to significant immediately after intervention (P=0). After two months of intervention significance was found with increase in the knowledge regarding effects of consanguineous marriage on women’s health (P<0.05). Before intervention only 8.3% and 14% of students knew about association between consanguineous marriage and certain disorders and deafness, after intervention it increased to 90.9%, 91.7% respectively. Retention of knowledge regarding association between consanguineous marriage and congenital heart disease, sickle cell anaemia, haemophilia and genetic disorder was observed. Knowledge regarding consanguineous marriage and its effect on pregnancy outcome was poor among the school students. Structured teaching program about consanguineous marriage and its consequences increased the student’s knowledge.
{"title":"Knowledge regarding consanguineous marriage and it effects on pregnancy outcome among the adolescents of village in Bagalakote district","authors":"P. T. Nandimath, Suma N Sheelavantar, A. B. Kanjarpane","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.026","url":null,"abstract":"Consanguineous marriages are more common in south India primarily because of social and cultural factors. Possibility of a child of consanguineous married couple, suffering from genetic diseases, congenital deformities and auto recessive disorder is more than offspring of non-consanguineous married couple. Consanguineous marriages are more prevalent in rural area because of lack of awareness about consequences. Hence the aim of the study was to educate adolescents regarding consanguineous marriage and its consequences and also to assess their knowledge before and after the intervention. Interventional cross-sectional study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires to assess the knowledge before and after the intervention. Complete enumeration of the students studying in selected schools was done. Lecture method was used with power point presentation to educate the children. Immediate post-test and after two months of intervention follow up test was conducted to assess the retained knowledge. Total 121 students participated in the study. Initially the students had no knowledge about consanguineous marriage and its effect on pregnancy outcome. Increase in knowledge was found to significant immediately after intervention (P=0). After two months of intervention significance was found with increase in the knowledge regarding effects of consanguineous marriage on women’s health (P<0.05). Before intervention only 8.3% and 14% of students knew about association between consanguineous marriage and certain disorders and deafness, after intervention it increased to 90.9%, 91.7% respectively. Retention of knowledge regarding association between consanguineous marriage and congenital heart disease, sickle cell anaemia, haemophilia and genetic disorder was observed. Knowledge regarding consanguineous marriage and its effect on pregnancy outcome was poor among the school students. Structured teaching program about consanguineous marriage and its consequences increased the student’s knowledge.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76584371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.029
Ramalingam S, Veeravijayan A, Narendar R
Missed injuries and delayed diagnosis are still common problems in the treatment of trauma patients especially, polytrauma. Diaphragmatic injuries are quite common and one of the most important missed injuries. It can result from either blunt or penetrating trauma. Traumatic diaphragmatic injuries (TDI) may go unnoticed initially and later present as life-threatening conditions. Here we present such a case of a fatal diaphragmatic injury, which was diagnosed during the autopsy.
{"title":"Misery due to missed injuries","authors":"Ramalingam S, Veeravijayan A, Narendar R","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.029","url":null,"abstract":"Missed injuries and delayed diagnosis are still common problems in the treatment of trauma patients especially, polytrauma. Diaphragmatic injuries are quite common and one of the most important missed injuries. It can result from either blunt or penetrating trauma. Traumatic diaphragmatic injuries (TDI) may go unnoticed initially and later present as life-threatening conditions. Here we present such a case of a fatal diaphragmatic injury, which was diagnosed during the autopsy.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79356016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.027
M. Sahu, A. Naveen, M. Mohanty, R. Swain, A. Dey
Baclofen is a synthetic derivative of GABA and is used as a muscle relaxant or antispasmodic agent. It is used in the management of various muscle spasticity resulting from conditions such as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries, and stroke. The reported potential adverse effects following overdose are marked impairment in consciousness, acute kidney injury, seizures, coma, and respiratory failure. Since there is no specific antidote available to treat baclofen toxicity, the mainstay of management remains supportive treatment. Herein we describe a case of baclofen overdose in a 62-years-old male who consumed 15 tablets of 25 mg tablets of baclofen (375 mg) and died due to multiorgan failure after 5 days of poisoning. Although many reports in the published medical literature describe the clinical manifestations and the management of baclofen toxicity, only a few reports presented the fatality in baclofen overdose. Furthermore, no report documented the death following lethal multiorgan failure resulting from baclofen overdose, and from India to the best of our knowledge.
{"title":"Fatal multiorgan failure in baclofen overdose: An autopsy case report","authors":"M. Sahu, A. Naveen, M. Mohanty, R. Swain, A. Dey","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"Baclofen is a synthetic derivative of GABA and is used as a muscle relaxant or antispasmodic agent. It is used in the management of various muscle spasticity resulting from conditions such as cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries, and stroke. The reported potential adverse effects following overdose are marked impairment in consciousness, acute kidney injury, seizures, coma, and respiratory failure. Since there is no specific antidote available to treat baclofen toxicity, the mainstay of management remains supportive treatment. Herein we describe a case of baclofen overdose in a 62-years-old male who consumed 15 tablets of 25 mg tablets of baclofen (375 mg) and died due to multiorgan failure after 5 days of poisoning. Although many reports in the published medical literature describe the clinical manifestations and the management of baclofen toxicity, only a few reports presented the fatality in baclofen overdose. Furthermore, no report documented the death following lethal multiorgan failure resulting from baclofen overdose, and from India to the best of our knowledge.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87323060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.023
V. Wasnik, A. Jawarkar, Himani Rathod, M. Chavan
Poisoning is an important health hazard and one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide The incidence of poisoning cases is increasing steadily with each passing year. Burden of poisoning is high but less authentic data is available on it as hospital records, population surveys and data registered by governmental authorities. With this background, present study is conducted to determine various socio –demographic factors responsible for poisoning in patients.It was an observational study, carried out in District Civil Hospital. All patients admitted with history of poisoning or suspected poisoning in District Civil Hospital who attended in casualty, ICU and ward during study period were included in study. Written informed consent was taken from the cases or relatives. Information was collected from his/her accompanying family members if condition of the case was found to be unfavorable to respond to questions. Majority of the cases were in the age group of 15-44 years (81.52%), Majority of poisoning cases 60.23% were married. The commonest poison to which cases were exposed was an organophosphorus compound which was seen in 61.36%) cases. The most common cause for consuming poison was found to be domestic 324 (45.70%). Presentstudy showed that poisoning was commonly seen in the working age group. Males consumed/exposed to poison more as compared to females. Married males were affected more. Most commonly consumed/exposed poison was organophosphorus compounds.
{"title":"Socio-demographic characteristics of poisoning cases admitted in a tertiary care level hospital of Amravati district of Maharashtra, India","authors":"V. Wasnik, A. Jawarkar, Himani Rathod, M. Chavan","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.023","url":null,"abstract":"Poisoning is an important health hazard and one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide The incidence of poisoning cases is increasing steadily with each passing year. Burden of poisoning is high but less authentic data is available on it as hospital records, population surveys and data registered by governmental authorities. With this background, present study is conducted to determine various socio –demographic factors responsible for poisoning in patients.It was an observational study, carried out in District Civil Hospital. All patients admitted with history of poisoning or suspected poisoning in District Civil Hospital who attended in casualty, ICU and ward during study period were included in study. Written informed consent was taken from the cases or relatives. Information was collected from his/her accompanying family members if condition of the case was found to be unfavorable to respond to questions. Majority of the cases were in the age group of 15-44 years (81.52%), Majority of poisoning cases 60.23% were married. The commonest poison to which cases were exposed was an organophosphorus compound which was seen in 61.36%) cases. The most common cause for consuming poison was found to be domestic 324 (45.70%). Presentstudy showed that poisoning was commonly seen in the working age group. Males consumed/exposed to poison more as compared to females. Married males were affected more. Most commonly consumed/exposed poison was organophosphorus compounds.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"28 14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78602524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.025
Akanksha Sinha, Vedant Khatri, R. Kumari
E-learning has played a major role during corona pandemic and lockdown. Gadget use and increased screen time can lead to neuropsychological and physiological problems in many children.Some of the E-learning associated health hazards can be prevented by taking few preventive measures. Therefore an endeavour has been taken up to conduct a cross-sectional study on the consequences of e-learning on the health of school going adolescents in Bareilly city of Uttar Pradesh.To find the effects of e-learning on the health of school going adolescents.And to suggest the recommendations for the prevention and control of e-learning associated health problems.Selection of study participants was done via multistage sampling. A pretested semi-structured interview schedule consisting of both open and closed ended questions was prepared. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (version 23.0) for windows.Various health related issues were associated with e-learning like headache, body-ache, vision problems, etc. E-learning was found to be more common in males, socioeconomic class 1, Hindu religion and among students belonging to higher classes (class 8 to 10). There were some health issues found among children pursuing e-learning like headache, body-ache, vision problems, etc.E-learning health hazards can be prevented and controlled through strategic planning and implementation of health education.
在冠状病毒大流行和封锁期间，电子学习发挥了重要作用。电子设备的使用和屏幕时间的增加会导致许多儿童出现神经心理和生理问题。只需采取很少的预防措施，就可以预防与电子学习有关的一些健康危害。因此，在北方邦巴雷利市开展了一项关于电子学习对在校青少年健康影响的横断面研究。探讨网络学习对在校青少年健康的影响。并提出预防和控制电子学习相关健康问题的建议。研究参与者的选择是通过多阶段抽样完成的。准备了一个预先测试的半结构化面试时间表，包括开放式和封闭式问题。统计分析使用SPSS (version 23.0) for windows。各种与健康有关的问题与电子学习有关，如头痛、身体疼痛、视力问题等。研究发现，电子学习在男性、社会经济1年级、印度教和高年级(8至10年级)的学生中更为常见。在进行电子学习的儿童中发现了一些健康问题，如头痛、身体疼痛、视力问题等。通过战略规划和实施健康教育，可以预防和控制电子学习对健康的危害。
{"title":"A study of the impact of e-learning on the health of school going adolescents in Bareilly city: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Akanksha Sinha, Vedant Khatri, R. Kumari","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.025","url":null,"abstract":"E-learning has played a major role during corona pandemic and lockdown. Gadget use and increased screen time can lead to neuropsychological and physiological problems in many children.Some of the E-learning associated health hazards can be prevented by taking few preventive measures. Therefore an endeavour has been taken up to conduct a cross-sectional study on the consequences of e-learning on the health of school going adolescents in Bareilly city of Uttar Pradesh.To find the effects of e-learning on the health of school going adolescents.And to suggest the recommendations for the prevention and control of e-learning associated health problems.Selection of study participants was done via multistage sampling. A pretested semi-structured interview schedule consisting of both open and closed ended questions was prepared. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (version 23.0) for windows.Various health related issues were associated with e-learning like headache, body-ache, vision problems, etc. E-learning was found to be more common in males, socioeconomic class 1, Hindu religion and among students belonging to higher classes (class 8 to 10). There were some health issues found among children pursuing e-learning like headache, body-ache, vision problems, etc.E-learning health hazards can be prevented and controlled through strategic planning and implementation of health education.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85349370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.021
S. Saleem
{"title":"COVID- 19: When to expect its end?","authors":"S. Saleem","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73355332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.024
R. Kulkarni, Mallikarjun K. Biradar, Soundarrajan Jayaprakash
In India, several social, cultural, religious and economic factors influence menstrual hygiene and practices among women. In country like India menstruation is generally considered as unclean and there is a lack of knowledge about menstruation and its practices among women. Practices like isolation and imposing restrictions among menstruating girls in the family, have reinforced a negative attitude. A community based cross sectional study was conducted among the reproductive age women residing under urban and rural health centres of Belagavi city, Karnataka. A total of 280 women have participated in our study. Majority of the women are in the age group of 20-24 years (32.6%). More than half of the women were house wife (69.6%). While more than half of the families of the women belong to lower socio-economic level i.e class III, IV &V (76.1%). 90.7% opined that menstruation is a physiological process, 83.6% were unaware about the cause of menstruation, while information regarding prior to menarche, 68.5% said they didn’t had any information, while those who got information, most of them are from their mother (42.9%). On usage of sanitary pads, 63.2% were aware about it. 30.3% said they used same cloth every month. Disposal of absorbent material, 53.5% disposed in garbage, while 16.7% reused them. The study revealed that menstrual hygiene among large population of women was far from satisfactory. Lack of sufficient information about menstrual hygiene can be largely attributed to various cultural and religious beliefs and taboos.
{"title":"Knowledge and practices regarding the menstrual management among reproductive women residing in Belagavi","authors":"R. Kulkarni, Mallikarjun K. Biradar, Soundarrajan Jayaprakash","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"In India, several social, cultural, religious and economic factors influence menstrual hygiene and practices among women. In country like India menstruation is generally considered as unclean and there is a lack of knowledge about menstruation and its practices among women. Practices like isolation and imposing restrictions among menstruating girls in the family, have reinforced a negative attitude. A community based cross sectional study was conducted among the reproductive age women residing under urban and rural health centres of Belagavi city, Karnataka. A total of 280 women have participated in our study. Majority of the women are in the age group of 20-24 years (32.6%). More than half of the women were house wife (69.6%). While more than half of the families of the women belong to lower socio-economic level i.e class III, IV &V (76.1%). 90.7% opined that menstruation is a physiological process, 83.6% were unaware about the cause of menstruation, while information regarding prior to menarche, 68.5% said they didn’t had any information, while those who got information, most of them are from their mother (42.9%). On usage of sanitary pads, 63.2% were aware about it. 30.3% said they used same cloth every month. Disposal of absorbent material, 53.5% disposed in garbage, while 16.7% reused them. The study revealed that menstrual hygiene among large population of women was far from satisfactory. Lack of sufficient information about menstrual hygiene can be largely attributed to various cultural and religious beliefs and taboos.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77533908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-15DOI: 10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.030
R. K. Mishra, Anil Budania, Ruchika Chouhan, Mukesh Sharma
In all types of heinous crime cases like murder, homicides, assassinations, police encounter with criminal firearms are mostly involved which make important trace evidence as Gunshot residue (GSR), helps the investigating agency and forensic expert to solve and get a proper direction of investigations. Though this review article we tried to cover the how GSR form, composition and recent advancement in detection of GSR. This pilot study will provide a hand on single article to the reader with great interest of GSR and its value in forensic investigations. The review results are in the form of impact of GSR in crime solving possibility and very interesting case study also report.
{"title":"A pilot study on review of GSR with a case study","authors":"R. K. Mishra, Anil Budania, Ruchika Chouhan, Mukesh Sharma","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.030","url":null,"abstract":"In all types of heinous crime cases like murder, homicides, assassinations, police encounter with criminal firearms are mostly involved which make important trace evidence as Gunshot residue (GSR), helps the investigating agency and forensic expert to solve and get a proper direction of investigations. Though this review article we tried to cover the how GSR form, composition and recent advancement in detection of GSR. This pilot study will provide a hand on single article to the reader with great interest of GSR and its value in forensic investigations. The review results are in the form of impact of GSR in crime solving possibility and very interesting case study also report.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78865965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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